JPH07187604A - Reformer - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] The objective is to make the reforming furnace compact and to reduce the space required for maintenance. [Composition] A combustion device 107 for generating combustion gas, a combustion gas is circulated inside the inner pipe 3a, and a raw material gas is circulated in a first annular portion 4 between the inner pipe 3a and the intermediate pipe 3b. 3B and an outer pipe 3c, a second annular portion 6 is provided with a reforming reaction pipe 3 which is a triple pipe through which the reformed gas flows.
7 is installed at the center of the reforming furnace 1, and the reforming reaction tube 3 is provided around it.
And the combustion device 107 is provided on the same side as the raw material gas introduction side 19 of the reforming reaction tube.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a reformer for reforming a hydrocarbon material into a hydrogen rich gas by a steam reforming method or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 10 shows, for example, JP-A-1-317101.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional reforming apparatus described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. JP-A No. 2004-242242, in which 1 is a reforming furnace, and a heat insulating material 2 for preventing heat radiation is installed around the reforming furnace. Reference numeral 3 denotes an annular reforming reaction tube housed in the reforming furnace 1, and the reaction tube 3 has a triple tube structure including an inner tube 3a, an intermediate tube 3b, and an outer tube 3c. An annular end cap 3d is provided at the ends of the pipe 3a and the outer pipe 3c. Reference numeral 4 denotes a first annular portion formed between the inner pipe 3a and the intermediate pipe 3b and into which a hydrocarbon-based source gas is introduced. Reference numeral 5 denotes a catalyst in the first annular portion 4 which is filled with a catalyst. Layer, 6 is intermediate tube 3b and outer tube 3c
Is a second annular portion which is formed between and, and through which the reformed gas generated by the reforming reaction caused by the raw material gas flowing through the catalyst layer 5 flows.

Reference numeral 7 denotes a combustion device, which comprises a fuel pipe 7a, an air ejection port 7b, a fuel chamber 7c, and an air chamber 7d. The fuel and air supplied from the fuel inlet 14 and the air inlet 15 are used as raw materials. It is configured to burn in the combustion space 8. In addition, 7e shows the flame of a combustion apparatus, 9 shows the pilot burner for igniting the combustion apparatus 7.

Reference numeral 10 denotes a filling material filled inside the inner tube 3a of the reaction tube, and a granular material of ceramic material or metal material having a melting point of 1200 ° C. or higher is used. Reference numeral 11 is a wire mesh for holding the filler 10, and 12 is a combustion gas manifold for discharging the combustion gas which burns in the combustion device 7 and passes through the inner pipe 3a to heat the inner pipe 3a.
Reference numeral 13 is a heat insulating material disposed between the reaction tubes 3 and plays a role of preventing combustion gas from heating the outer tube 3c. Reference numeral 16 is a raw material gas inlet, 17 is a reformed gas outlet, 18 is a fuel gas outlet, 19 is a raw material gas manifold for distributing the raw material gas of the reformer to the reforming reaction tube 3, and 20 is a reforming reaction. It is a reformed gas manifold that discharges the hydrogen-rich gas produced in the pipe 3.

Next, the operation of the above conventional device will be described. A mixed gas of fuel and steam, which is a raw material gas to be reformed, is preheated to, for example, about 450 ° C., then introduced into the reforming furnace 1 through the raw material gas inlet 16 and distributed by the raw material gas manifold 19 to perform a reforming reaction. Sent to tube 3. Then, the raw material gas flows into the first annular portion 4 between the inner pipe 3a and the intermediate pipe 3b, and when it passes through the catalyst layer 5 filled with the catalyst, a reforming reaction occurs, resulting in a hydrogen-rich reforming. It becomes a quality gas. This reformed gas reverses its flow direction in the end cap 3d, passes through the second annular portion 6 between the intermediate pipe 3b and the outer pipe 3c, and is gathered in the reformed gas manifold 20 to form the reforming furnace 1
Taken out.

Since the reforming reaction is an endothermic reaction, it is necessary to supply heat as reaction energy to the reforming reaction tube 3 in order to continue the reaction. Therefore, in the reforming furnace 1. Is provided with a combustion device 7, and heat is supplied from the combustion gas. That is, the fuel supplied from the fuel introduction port 14 to the fuel chamber 7c passes through the fuel pipe 7a and exits into the combustion space 8.
There, it is mixed with the air ejected from the air ejection port 7b through the air chamber 7d from the air introduction port 15 and burned in the combustion space 8. Here, in order to prevent the flame from the combustion device 7 from directly touching the reforming reaction tube 3, the combustion device 7 is attached to the reforming furnace 1 while being displaced downward with respect to the reforming reaction tube 3, and the combustion space 8 Needs to be increased.

Then, the high temperature (about 1
Combustion gas of (000-1300 ° C.) passes through the central portion of the annular reforming reaction tube 3, that is, the inner side of the inner tube 3a, and is gathered in the upper combustion gas manifold 12 to exit from the combustion gas discharge port 18 to the outside of the reforming furnace 1. Taken out. At this time, the high temperature combustion gas heats the inner pipe 3a and the filler layer 10 to accelerate the reforming reaction. The filler layer 10 is formed from the combustion gas by the reforming reaction tube inner tube 3a.
The heat insulating material 13 prevents the combustion gas from heating the outer tube 3c by promoting heat transfer to the outer tube 3c.

In the reformer having the above structure, the activity of the catalyst in the catalyst layer 5 is lowered due to long-term use. Therefore, the raw material gas manifold 19 is cut off at regular intervals, and the catalyst of the catalyst layer 5 is cut. Need to be replaced. Further, since the combustion device 7 also undergoes oxidative corrosion after being used for a long time, it is necessary to disassemble the combustion device 7 and replace the consumable member.

[0009]

Since the conventional reforming apparatus is constructed as described above, the height of the reforming furnace 1 is not limited to the length of the reforming reaction tube 3, and the height of the combustion apparatus 7 and the combustion apparatus There has been a problem that the height of the space 8 is further increased, and the reformer becomes large.

A maintenance space for cutting the raw material gas manifold 19 or disassembling the fuel device 7 is required for replacing the catalyst of the catalyst layer 5 and parts of the combustion device 7, but as shown in FIG. Since the places where the maintenance is performed are distributed above and below the reforming furnace, a space for maintenance work is required both above and below the reforming furnace, which causes a problem that the size cannot be reduced.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a reforming apparatus which can make the reforming furnace compact and reduce the space required for maintenance. . Further, it is possible to provide a device capable of efficiently performing heat transfer to the reforming reaction tube and adjusting the heat transfer.

[0012]

The invention of a reformer according to claims 1 and 2 is a combustor for generating high-temperature combustion gas, and an inner pipe for circulating the combustion gas generated from the combustor inside thereof. A first annular portion having a catalyst layer for introducing and circulating the raw material gas between the inner pipe and the intermediate pipe, and a second annular portion for flowing the reformed gas between the intermediate pipe and the outer pipe. A heavy-duty reforming reaction tube is provided, and a combustion device is installed on the same side as the raw material gas introduction side of the reforming reaction tube and in parallel with the reforming reaction tube.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the combustor is arranged in the center of the reforming furnace, and a plurality of reforming reaction tubes are arranged concentrically around the combustor.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the heat of the combustion gas is efficiently transmitted to the inside of the inner tube of the reforming reaction tube to the first annular portion between the inner tube and the intermediate tube, through which the raw material gas flows. A heat transfer promoting member is provided.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the space inside the inner tube of the reforming reaction tube is filled with a filling member having good heat conductivity such as ceramic particles.

According to a sixth aspect of the invention, a core is installed inside the inner tube of the reforming reaction tube.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, a core is installed in the center of the inner tube of the reforming reaction tube, and fins are attached to the outer surface of the core.

In order to efficiently transfer the heat of the combustion gas to the catalyst layer at a predetermined position of the first annular portion between the inner pipe and the intermediate pipe, the invention of claim 8 efficiently transmits the heat of the combustion gas inside the inner pipe of the reforming reaction pipe. The heat transfer adjusting means is provided.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, heat transfer suppressing members are provided on the outer surface of the end cap of the reforming reaction tube and the inner surface of the inner tube on the end cap side.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, a core is installed inside the inner tube of the reforming reaction tube, and combustion gas is allowed to flow into the core and flow out to a predetermined position of the inner tube. Is.

According to the invention of claim 11, a means for adjusting the flow rate of the raw material gas introduced into the first annular portion of the reforming reaction tube is provided.

According to the twelfth aspect of the invention, an orifice hole is provided in the raw material gas introduction part of the first annular part of the reforming reaction tube.

According to the thirteenth aspect of the present invention, means for adjusting the flow rate of the combustion gas flowing inside the inner tube of the reforming reaction tube is provided.

According to the fourteenth aspect of the present invention, an orifice hole is provided immediately after the combustion gas flow passage that flows inside the inner tube of the reforming reaction tube.

According to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, an inlet / outlet for exchanging the catalyst is provided at the end of a fourth annular portion extending from the first annular portion of the reforming reaction tube to the side opposite to the end cap. is there.

[0026]

In the inventions of claims 1 and 2, since the combustion device is arranged in parallel with the reforming reaction tube, the end cap of the reforming reaction tube cannot be reached even if the flame is long. Further, cutting of the raw material gas introduction side for catalyst exchange and exchange of parts of the combustion apparatus can be performed in the same direction in the reforming furnace.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the combustion device is installed in the central portion and a plurality of reforming reaction tubes are concentrically arranged around it, the combustion gas is efficiently and uniformly distributed in each reaction tube. Pass inside the inner tube.

In the invention of claim 4, the heat of the combustion gas is efficiently transferred to the catalyst layer of the first annular portion in which the raw material gas between the inner pipe and the intermediate pipe flows, so that the reforming reaction is promoted. To do.

In the fifth aspect of the invention, the heat of the combustion gas is efficiently transferred to the inner pipe via the filling member provided inside the inner pipe.

According to the sixth aspect of the invention, since the core body is provided inside the inner pipe, the cross-sectional area of the combustion gas passage between the inner pipe and the core body becomes small and the flow velocity of the combustion gas increases.
Heat transfer from the combustion gas to the inner pipe is promoted.

According to the seventh aspect of the invention, since the core body is provided inside the inner pipe, the cross-sectional area of the third annular portion between the inner pipe and the core body becomes small and the flow velocity of the combustion gas increases. Therefore, heat transfer from the combustion gas to the inner pipe is promoted. Further, the heat transfer from the combustion gas to the inner pipe is promoted by the radiation from the fins provided on the core.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, the heat transfer is efficiently promoted to the catalyst layer portion of the first annular portion where the reforming reaction is desired to be promoted.

In the ninth aspect of the present invention, the heat transfer suppressing material is provided on the outer surface of the end cap which is in contact with the combustion gas and the inner surface of the inner pipe on the end cap side, so that the heat transfer from the combustion gas in this portion is performed. Suppresses heat and promotes heat transfer to other parts.

According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, a part of the combustion gas is passed through the combustion gas passage provided inside the core to the third passage.
By flowing out to the annular portion of, the heat transfer from the combustion gas to the end cap side of the inner pipe is suppressed and the heat transfer of other portions is promoted.

According to the eleventh aspect of the invention, by adjusting the flow rate of the raw material gas introduced into the reforming reaction tube,
The variation in the flow rate distribution of the source gas is reduced to make the reforming reaction uniform and stable.

According to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, by providing a uniform orifice hole in the raw material gas introduction portion of the first annular portion into which the raw material gas of the reforming reaction tube is introduced, the flow rate of the raw material gas can be distributed. Variation can be reduced.

In the thirteenth aspect of the present invention, the heat transfer is made uniform and the reforming reaction is stabilized by adjusting the flow rate of the fuel gas passing through the inner side of the reforming reaction tube.

In the fourteenth aspect of the invention, the combustion gas flowing through the inside of the reforming reaction tube is passed through the orifice hole immediately after leaving the inner tube, whereby the flow rate of the combustion gas can be freely distributed. Can be adjusted.

In the fifteenth aspect of the present invention, since the catalyst inlet / outlet is provided at the end of the fourth annular portion extending from the end cap to the side opposite to the end cap, the catalyst replacement work is performed by using the raw material gas manifold. It can be performed without cutting.

[0040]

【Example】

Example 1. 1 is a side sectional view showing a reforming apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view taken along the line EE of FIG. 1 and 2, the same or corresponding parts as those of the conventional reformer shown in FIG. 10 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

Reference numeral 107 denotes a combustion device for generating high temperature combustion gas by burning a mixture of fuel supplied from the fuel inlet 114 and air supplied from the air inlet 115. It is composed of the ejection port 107b and the like. Reference numeral 100 is a combustion tube in which a flame 107e of the combustion device 107 is formed and the generated combustion gas is circulated. Reference numeral 108 denotes a combustion space that spreads inside the combustion pipe 100 and below the combustion pipe 100. The combustion gas generated in the combustion space 108 changes its direction by 180 degrees after exiting the combustion pipe 100, and the inner pipe 3 b of the reforming reaction pipe 3 b. Filling material 10 filled inside
Is configured to be guided to.

In the first embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the combustion device 107 and the combustion tube 100 are arranged at the center of the reforming furnace 1, and a plurality of concentric units are concentrically arranged with respect to the center. A reforming reaction tube 3 is provided. Furthermore, the combustion device 1
The fuel pipe 107a, the air jet port 107b, and the like that form 07 are arranged on the same side as the combustion gas manifold 12, the raw material gas manifold 19, the reformed gas manifold 20, and the like with respect to the reforming furnace 1. As a result, the direction of the combustion gas combusted in the combustion device 107 and flowing in the combustion tube 100 is the same as the direction of the raw material gas flowing in the catalyst layer 5 of the reaction tube 3.

Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described. A mixed gas of fuel and steam, which is the raw material gas of the reformer, is introduced into the reforming furnace 1 through the raw material gas inlet 16 and distributed by the raw material gas manifold 19 to form the reforming reaction tube 3
Sent to. When the raw material gas passes through the catalyst layer 5 filled with the catalyst in the first annular portion 4 between the inner pipe 3a and the intermediate pipe 3b, heat is given from the outside to cause the reforming reaction. And becomes a hydrogen-rich reformed gas. The reformed gas reverses its flow direction in the end cap 3d, and the intermediate pipe 3b
It passes through the second annular portion 6 between the outer tube 3c and the outer tube 3c, is collected by the reformed gas manifold 20, and is taken out of the reforming furnace 1.
The above operation is similar to the conventional example.

On the other hand, in the combustion device 107 provided at the center of the reforming furnace 1, the fuel supplied from the fuel inlet 114 is jetted into the combustion space through the fuel pipe 107a and supplied from the air inlet 115. It is mixed with the air ejected from the air ejection port 107b and burned in the combustion space 108.
The high-temperature combustion gas burned in the combustion device 107 is the combustion pipe 1
In the space that passes through the inside of the reforming furnace and extends below the reforming furnace, the flow is changed by 180 degrees and flows inside the inner tube 3a of each reforming reaction tube 3. At this time, the high-temperature combustion gas heats the inner pipe 3a and the filler layer 10 to apply heat to the catalyst layer 5 in the first annular portion 4 and the raw material gas passing therethrough to cause a reforming reaction. Thereafter, the combustion gas is collected in the combustion gas manifold 12 and taken out of the reforming furnace 1 through the combustion gas outlet 18.

As described above, according to the first embodiment, since the combustion device 107 is arranged in parallel with the length direction of the reforming reaction tube 3, even if the flame of the combustion device 107 is long, the reforming reaction tube is Three
It doesn't reach the end cap 3d. Further, as compared with the conventional apparatus, it is not necessary to provide a space for the combustion device (the lower space in FIG. 10) in the reforming furnace 1, so that the reforming furnace can be downsized. Further, since the combustion device 107 is installed in the center of the reforming furnace 1 and the plurality of reforming reaction tubes 3 are arranged on the circumference centering on the combustion device 107, the combustion gas is efficiently and uniformly reacted in each reaction. The reforming reaction is made uniform and stable through the inside of the inner tube 3a of the tube. Further, the combustion device 107
Are arranged so as to be on the same side as the raw material gas manifold 19 with respect to the reforming furnace 1. Therefore, the cutting / replacement operation of the raw material gas manifold 19 for catalyst replacement and the replacement work of the parts of the combustion device 107 are performed. Since it can be performed from the same side (upper side in FIG. 1), it is not necessary to secure a maintenance space on the other side (lower side in FIG. 1) of the reforming furnace 1.

Although FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show the reforming apparatus in which the reforming reaction tubes 3 are arranged on a single circumference centered on the combustion apparatus 107, the reforming reaction tubes 3 are doubled on a plurality of circumferences. You may arrange in three layers. Further, the combustion device 107 does not have to be arranged in the center of the reforming furnace 1, and a plurality of combustion devices 107 may be installed.

Example 2. Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 22 denotes a heat-resistant core body disposed in the inner center portion of the inner tube 3a of the reforming reaction tube, and here, a hollow cylindrical body concentric with the central axis of the reaction tube 3 It was used. It should be noted that a solid structure and heat insulating property may be used. Reference numeral 23 is a third annular portion which is formed between the inner pipe 3a and the core body 22 and through which the combustion gas flows,
In the annular portion 23, there is a filling member layer 24 filled with a filling member such as ceramic particles having good heat conductivity. The rest of the configuration is the same as in FIG.

Next, the operation of the second embodiment will be described.
The combustion gas is generated by the inner tube 3a of the reforming reaction tube and the core 22 inside thereof.
Flow through the filling member layer 24 formed between the core and the core member 22, but the cross-sectional area of the filling member layer 24 is smaller than that in the case where the core 22 is not installed, so that the flow velocity of the combustion gas is increased and the combustion gas is increased. To the inner pipe 3a is promoted.

Example 3. Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 4, 25 is a core 22
Is a fin attached to the outer surface of the. This fin 2
In FIG. 4, 5 is shown mounted linearly with respect to the flow direction of the combustion gas, but the fins are spiral with respect to the flow direction, the fins are circumferential with respect to the core 22, and the protrusions are Fins of various shapes such as a fin shape are conceivable. Further, fins may be formed inside the inner pipe 3a. Other configurations are the same as those in FIG.

Next, the operation of the third embodiment will be described.
When the combustion gas from the combustion device 107 passes through the third annular portion 23 formed between the inner tube 3 a of the reaction tube and the core body 22, the fin 25 provided on the core body 22 is heated. Then, the inner tube 3a is warmed by the radiant heat transfer from the fins 25 having a high temperature, and the heat transfer to the catalyst layer 5 is promoted. Further, since the cross-sectional area of the third annular portion 23 between the inner pipe 3a and the core body 22 is small, the flow velocity of the combustion gas is increased and heat transfer from the combustion gas to the inner pipe 3a is promoted. Furthermore, it is not necessary to install a filler as shown in FIG. 3 between the inner pipe 3a and the core body 22, and the structure is simple.

Example 4. Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 5, reference numeral 26 is a heat transfer suppressing member provided on the outer surface of the end cap 3d which comes into contact with the combustion gas and the inner surface of a predetermined region (L portion in the drawing) on the end cap side of the inner pipe 3a. As the heat transfer suppressing material 26, a material having a low thermal conductivity such as a heat insulating material is used. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

Next, the operation of the fourth embodiment will be described.
By coating the heat transfer suppressing member 26, the amount of heat transfer from the combustion gas to the predetermined region (L portion in FIG. 5) of the end cap 3d and the inner pipe 3a on the end cap 3d side is reduced, and the heat transfer suppressing member 26 is correspondingly reduced. Inner tube 3a not attached
The amount of heat transfer to the part increases. That is, most of the heat supplied from the combustion gas to the inner pipe 3a is utilized for the reforming reaction in the catalyst layer 5, and this reforming reaction is uniformly and entirely throughout the passage of the raw material gas in the catalyst layer 5. Ideally it is done. Therefore, even if a large amount of heat of the combustion gas is supplied to the vicinity of the end cap 3d on the outlet side of the raw material gas, the heat is not effectively used. Therefore, in this embodiment, the end cap 3
Suppresses heat transfer on the d side, and suppresses the suppressed heat to other parts
It was decided that combustion heat could be effectively utilized by supplying (in the vicinity of the center of the inner pipe 3a; a portion that promotes the reforming reaction). Further, since the vicinity of the end cap 3d is closest to the flame, local overheating is likely to occur, and the heat transfer suppressing material 26 also serves to prevent the reforming reaction tube 3 from overheating.

Example 5. Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 6, 22a is a combustion gas inlet for introducing a part of the combustion gas into the core body 22, 22b is a combustion gas passage provided in the core body 22,
Reference numeral 22c is a combustion gas discharge port for allowing the combustion gas flowing inside the core 22 to flow into the third annular portion 23 again. The rest of the configuration is the same as in FIG.

Next, the operation of the fifth embodiment will be described.
Part of the combustion gas flows from the combustion gas introduction hole 22a of the core body 22 through the combustion gas passage 22b inside the core body 22 and into the third annular portion 23 from the combustion gas discharge port 22c in the middle portion of the core body. Thus, the heat transfer on the end cap 3d side of the inner pipe 3a is suppressed and the heat transfer is mainly promoted to the intermediate portion of the inner pipe 3a, so that the combustion heat is effectively used. Here, the flow rate distribution of the combustion gas between the combustion gas passage 22b of the core body 22 and the third annular portion 23 is performed by determining the hole diameter of the combustion gas inlet 22a in consideration of the flow path resistance. The position of the combustion gas discharge port 22c is also set in accordance with the position where the reforming reaction is desired to be promoted.

Example 6. Next, a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 7, reference numeral 27 is an orifice plate provided in the raw material gas introduction part of the first annular part 4 for each of the plurality of reforming reaction tubes 3. Reference numeral 28 is an orifice hole of the orifice plate 27 so that the pressure loss when passing the raw material gas is 0.5 to 3 times the pressure loss when passing the catalyst layer, and each orifice plate 27 has the same orifice hole diameter. To The rest of the configuration is the same as in FIG.

Next, the operation of the sixth embodiment will be described.
The flow rate distribution of the raw material gas to each reforming reaction tube 3 is determined by the flow path resistance of the catalyst layer 5 in each reaction tube 3. When the variation in the flow path resistance is large, the variation in the raw material gas flow rate is large. According to the configuration of Example 6, the flow rate distribution to each reaction tube 3 is determined by the sum of the channel resistance of the catalyst layer 5 and the channel resistance of the orifice plate 27.
If the orifice diameter 28 of the orifice plate 27 is made uniform and has a flow passage resistance smaller than or equal to the flow passage resistance of the catalyst layer 5, the flow rate of the raw material gas is larger than that in the case without the orifice plate 27. The deviation from the uniform distribution can be reduced. According to the experiment, it was found that the diameter of the orifice hole 28 should be adjusted so that the pressure loss when passing the source gas is 0.5 to 3 times the pressure loss when passing the catalyst layer.

According to the sixth embodiment, it is possible to reduce the variation in the temperature of each reforming reaction tube 3 by reducing the variation in the flow rate distribution of the raw material gas, and improve the composition of the reformed gas. .

Example 7. Next, a seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 8, 29 is an orifice plate provided at the combustion gas outlet of each of the plurality of reforming reaction tubes 3, and the orifice plate 29 is fixed by a flange 31. 30 is an orifice plate 29
Is an orifice hole, and 32 is a gasket. The rest of the configuration is the same as in FIG.

Next, the operation of the seventh embodiment will be described.
When temperature variations occur in the plurality of reforming reaction tubes 3, the flow rate of the fuel gas flowing inside the inner tube 3a is reduced by adjusting the orifice diameter 30 of the orifice plate 29 of the reaction tube 3 having a high temperature to be small. By lowering the temperature of the reforming reaction tube 3, it is possible to reduce variations in temperature among the plurality of reforming reaction tubes 3. As a result, the composition of the reformed gas can be improved.

Further, the wire mesh 1 containing the filling member 10
The flow rate of the fuel gas may be adjusted by adjusting the size and porosity of the first mesh, or by providing the solid core body 22 and adjusting the flow passage area of the combustion gas.

Example 8. Next, an eighth embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 9, reference numerals 33 and 34 denote flanges that serve as inlets and outlets when the catalyst of the catalyst layer 5 is replaced,
35 is a gasket provided between the flanges 33 and 34,
Reference numeral 36 denotes a punch metal (metal having holes) for preventing the catalyst of the catalyst layer 5 from entering the raw material gas manifold 19. Further, 37 is a fourth annular portion which extends the first annular portion 4 to the side opposite to the end cap 3d.

Next, the operation of the eighth embodiment will be described.
According to the configuration of this embodiment, after a long-term operation of the reformer,
When the activity of the catalyst of the catalyst layer 5 is lowered, the flange 33 is removed so that the replacement operation can be easily performed without cutting the raw material gas manifold 19.

[0063]

According to the first and second aspects of the invention, since the combustion device is installed in parallel with the reforming reaction tube, the combustion space can be reduced and the reforming device can be miniaturized. Further, since cutting of the raw material gas introduction side for catalyst exchange and exchange of parts of the combustion apparatus can be performed in the same direction in the reforming furnace, there is an effect that the maintenance space can be reduced.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the combustion device is installed in the center and a plurality of reforming reaction tubes are concentrically arranged around it, the combustion gas is efficiently and uniformly distributed in each reaction tube. Passes the inside of the inner tube of the heat transfer tube to make the heat transfer uniform and stabilize the reforming reaction.

According to the invention described in claim 4, since the heat transfer from the combustion gas to the inner pipe can be promoted, the reforming reaction is promoted,
In addition, the reformer can be downsized.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the heat transfer of the combustion gas can be promoted by the simple structure of filling the inner tube with the filling member having a good heat transfer property.

According to the sixth aspect of the invention, the cross-sectional area of the combustion gas passage between the inner pipe and the core is small, so that the flow velocity of the combustion gas is increased and heat transfer is promoted.

According to the invention as set forth in claim 7, since the core is provided inside the inner pipe, the cross-sectional area between the inner pipe and the core is reduced, and the flow velocity of the combustion gas is increased. Heat transfer to the tube is promoted. Further, the heat transfer from the combustion gas to the inner pipe is promoted by the radiation from the fins provided on the core.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, the heat transfer is efficiently promoted to the catalyst portion of the first annular portion where the reforming reaction is desired to be promoted, and a high quality reformed gas is obtained.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, the heat transfer suppressing member is provided on the outer surface of the end cap which is in contact with the combustion gas and the inner surface of the inner pipe on the end cap side, so that the heat transfer of this portion is suppressed. Along with promoting other heat transfer.

According to the tenth aspect of the invention, the combustion gas can be made to flow out to a predetermined portion of the inner pipe where the reforming reaction is desired to be promoted, the heat transfer of the combustion gas is efficiently carried out, and a high quality is achieved. Obtain reformed gas.

According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, the variation in the flow rate distribution of the raw material gas can be reduced, so that the variation in the temperature of the reforming reaction tube can be suppressed and a good quality reformed gas can be obtained.

According to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, the flow rate distribution of the raw material gas can be adjusted and can be easily adjusted by the simple structure of providing the orifice hole in the raw material gas introduction portion.

According to the thirteenth aspect of the present invention, by adjusting the flow rate of the fuel gas flowing inside the inner tube of the reforming reaction tube, the temperature variation of the reaction tube is reduced, and the reformed gas of good quality is obtained. Can be obtained.

According to the fourteenth aspect of the present invention, the above effect can be achieved with a simple structure, and the distribution of the combustion gas flow rate can be easily adjusted by changing the orifice hole.

According to the fifteenth aspect of the present invention, the catalyst can be exchanged without cutting the raw material gas manifold.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a reformer according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along the line EE of the reformer shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a reformer according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a reformer according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a reformer according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a reformer according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a reformer according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a reformer according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a reformer according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional reformer.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 reforming furnace 2 heat insulating material 3 reforming reaction pipe 3a inner pipe 3b intermediate pipe 3c outer pipe 3d end cap 4 first annular portion 5 catalyst layer 6 second annular portion 7 combustion device 7a fuel pipe 7b air jet 7c Fuel chamber 7d Air chamber 7e Flame 8 Combustion space 9 Pilot burner 10 Filler layer 11 Wire mesh 12 Combustion gas manifold 13 Insulation material 14 Fuel inlet port 15 Air inlet port 16 Raw material gas inlet port 17 Reformed gas inlet port 18 Fuel gas inlet port 19 Raw Material Gas Manifold 20 Reformed Gas Manifold 21 Combustion Tube 22 Core 22a Combustion Gas Inlet 22b Core Internal Combustion Gas 22c Combustion Gas Outlet 23 Third Annular Section 25 Fin 26 Heat Transfer Suppressor 27 Orifice Plate 28 Orifice Hole 29 Orifice plate 30 Orifice hole 31 Flange 32 Gasket 33 Franc 34 flange 35 gasket 36 perforated metal 37 fourth annular portion

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Nobuyuki Ito 1-2-1, Wadasaki-cho, Hyogo-ku, Kobe Sanritsu Electric Co., Ltd. Kobe Works

Claims (15)

[Claims] 1. A combustion device for generating high-temperature combustion gas, a combustion gas space for changing the direction of flow of the combustion gas generated by the combustion device by about 180 degrees, and a flow of the direction-changed combustion gas inside thereof. An inner pipe, an intermediate pipe and an outer pipe which are concentrically arranged outside the inner pipe, and a first annular portion formed between the inner pipe and the intermediate pipe into which a raw material gas is introduced, A catalyst layer in the first annular portion, which is filled with a catalyst for reforming the raw material gas into the reformed gas, and a second annular portion formed between the intermediate pipe and the outer pipe and through which the reformed gas flows. A reforming reaction tube comprising an end cap arranged at one end of the inner tube and the outer tube on the side opposite to the raw material gas introduction side and connecting the first annular portion and the second annular portion; Install a reforming reaction tube and equipped with a reforming furnace that forms the combustion gas space. A reformer in which the combustion device is attached to the same side of the reforming reaction tube as the raw material gas introduction side with respect to the reforming furnace. 2. A combustion device for generating high temperature combustion gas,
A combustion tube that forms the flame of this combustion device and causes the combustion gas to flow therethrough, a reforming furnace that forms a combustion space that changes the flow direction of the combustion gas that exits from the combustion tube, and the direction change that opens in the combustion space portion. Reforming consisting of an inner pipe for circulating the combustion gas inside thereof and an intermediate pipe and an outer pipe concentrically arranged outside the inner pipe via a first annular portion and a second annular portion, respectively. The reaction tube, the catalyst layer provided in the first annular portion and filled with a catalyst for reforming the raw material gas introduced into the first annular portion into the reformed gas, and the reformed gas passing through the catalyst layer An end cap is provided at the ends of the inner pipe and the outer pipe so as to flow into the second annular portion, and the combustion device is connected to the raw material gas introduction side of the reforming reaction tube with respect to the reforming furnace. A reformer installed on the same side. 3. A combustion apparatus is arranged in the center of the reforming furnace, and a plurality of reforming reaction tubes are arranged on one or a plurality of concentric circles centering on the combustion apparatus. The reformer according to any one of 1 and 2. 4. A heat transfer promoting member that efficiently transfers the heat of the combustion gas to the catalyst layer of the first annular portion between the inner tube and the intermediate tube inside the inner tube of the reforming reaction tube. The reforming device according to any one of to 3. 5. The reforming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a space inside the inner tube of the reforming reaction tube is filled with a filling member having good heat conductivity such as ceramic particles. 6. The reformer according to claim 1, wherein a core is installed inside the inner tube of the reforming reaction tube. 7. The core body is installed at the center of the inside of the inner tube of the reforming reaction tube, and the fin is attached to the outer surface of the core body.
The reforming device according to any one of to 3. 8. A heat transfer adjusting means for efficiently transmitting the heat of the combustion gas flowing inside the inner tube of the reforming reaction tube to a catalyst layer at a predetermined position of the first annular portion between the inner tube and the intermediate tube. Claim 1
The reforming device according to any one of to 3. 9. The reformer according to claim 1, wherein a heat transfer suppressing member is provided on the outer surface of the end cap of the reforming reaction tube and the inner surface of the inner tube on the end cap side. 10. The core body is installed inside the inner tube of the reforming reaction tube, and the combustion gas is caused to flow into the inside of the core body and flow out to a predetermined position of the inner tube. The reformer according to 1. 11. The reforming apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising means for adjusting the flow rate of the raw material gas introduced into the first annular portion of the reforming reaction tube. 12. The reforming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an orifice plate is provided at a raw material gas introduction portion of the first annular portion of the reforming reaction tube. 13. The reformer according to claim 1, further comprising means for adjusting the flow rate of the combustion gas flowing inside the inner tube of the reforming reaction tube. 14. The orifice hole is provided immediately after the combustion gas flow passage that flows inside the inner tube of the reforming reaction tube.
The reforming device according to any one of to 3. 15. An inlet / outlet for inserting or removing the catalyst layer into / from the first annular portion is provided in a fourth annular portion extending from the first annular portion of the reforming reaction tube opposite to the end cap. The reforming device according to claim 1.