JPH07197933A - Shoot-guide unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain a chute-guide unit for guiding a column in a tool structure or machine structure consisting of a guide unit, a slide member fixed thereto and also contacted to a guide route and a lubrication device for lubricating the guide route. CONSTITUTION: This is the chute-guide unit for guiding a column in a tool structure or machine structure in which the lubrication by an improved guide route is obtained by a simply manufactured and watched lubrication device and also a lubrication loss is prevented surely in an assembly and disassembly process. A lubricant chamber 7 interposed a seal member, connected a slide member to the guide unit 1 figure fixingly, closely and attachably/detachably and in which a lubrication device is formed to at least one ring shape in the area of the outer wall of the slide member is provided and an inlet 8 is attached to at least one of the lubricant chamber 7 and also the at least one automatically closable outlet 9 for the lubricant is attached to each of the lubricant chamber 7 and further, the outlet 9 is opened in a guide route after penetrating the slide member.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tool structure or a mechanical structure comprising a guide unit, a sliding member fixed to the guide unit and abutting against the guide path, and a lubricating device for lubricating the guide path. The present invention relates to a chute-guide unit for guiding a column by means of a column.

[0002]

Known guide units for longitudinal guidance are provided with sliding elements as wear elements, which can be made of bronze, steel or gray cast iron and slide on the guideways. In the case of a column guide, the sliding member is formed as a bush and is fixed inside the guide unit for accommodating and guiding the column. To reduce the friction between the guideways or columns and the sliding members, liquid lubricants or oils are generally fed through a lubricating nipple by means of pumps or oil presses. At that time, it is difficult to accurately inject the lubricant, and the lubricant loss must be taken into consideration during the assembly or disassembly process.

Another possibility is the use of solid lubricants such as graphite or molybdenum disulfide,
It can be introduced into the pores of the sliding member or into the additional holes distributed on its inner surface. Of course, this is only possible before the sliding member is assembled. When these members move relative to each other, graphite particles are peeled off from the pores or the pores and dispersed on the guide path. The lubricating effect that can be achieved continuously has limitations because the pores can be easily closed by abrasion. Renewal of the solid lubricant is possible only by removing and / or replacing the sliding member and is therefore wasteful and expensive. Furthermore, since the solid lubricant is accommodated by a large number of required holes, using the holes requires high manufacturing cost. Furthermore, a reduction in the resistance of the guiding unit against side collisions occurs during column guidance.

[0004]

The object of the present invention is therefore to achieve an improved lubrication of the guideway by means of a lubrication device which is easy to make and monitor (especially easy to assemble), as well as an assembly and disassembly process. It is an object of the invention to provide a chute-guide unit for a column- or face-guide in a tool or machine structure, in which case lubricant losses are reliably avoided.

[0005]

Starting from a chute-guiding unit of the kind mentioned at the outset, the object underlying the invention is to provide a guiding unit in which the sliding member is fixedly fixed by means of a sealing member. And a lubricating device comprising at least one ring-shaped lubricant chamber in the region of the outer wall of the sliding member, the at least one lubricant chamber having an inlet. The solution is provided by providing each of the lubricant chambers with at least one outlet for a self-closable lubricant and further through the sliding member to open the outlet in the guideway. The lubrication device is particularly simple to manufacture or monitor and allows good and durable lubrication of the guideway with a particularly uniform distribution of the lubricant. Therefore, particularly long service life is noticed in this lubricating device. In addition, lubricant losses and thus environmental pollution during the assembly and disassembly process are reliably prevented. Another advantage of the present invention is that the device has a high mechanical load capacity.

A further improvement of the present invention is achieved by providing a plurality of lubricant chambers to surround and connect the sliding members axially spaced apart from each other. A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that each of the lubricant chambers is provided with three uniformly distributed outlets and the outlets of the adjacent lubricant chambers are arranged at respective 60 ° displacements. In this way, a particularly good and uniform distribution of lubricant is achieved with as few outlets as possible. If the inlets are connected to the respective uppermost lubricant chambers during assembly, the lubricant chambers can be filled particularly easily and without pressure when using very fluid lubricants.
In order to constantly enable the management of the lubricant state in the lubricant chamber, it is advantageous to provide each uppermost lubricant chamber with a peep opening which is closed to the outside via a peep glass.

In another configuration of the present invention, the outlet is provided with a shutter, which opens when pressure is applied to the outlet. For this reason, the outlet reasonably has a cylindrical cross section that narrows conically in the direction of the guide path, and a displaceable closing member is arranged in the area of the conically narrowing outlet, and the sliding member is unloaded. To ensure that the lubricant is retained in the lubricant chamber. It is expedient if the closure member is constructed as a spring-loaded ball and is pressed against the area of the narrowed outlet by a compression spring. The closure element is thus very simple to manufacture and exhibits a particularly good sealing effect. In this closing member, when the guide path comes into contact with the sliding member, a part of the ball pops out of the sliding member and is pushed back, the outlet is opened and the supply of the lubricant is released. In order to make the assembly of the guide unit very easy, the outlet is closed with a cap at its end facing the ball.

In one embodiment of the invention, a magnetic valve is provided at the outlet. This embodiment allows remote opening and closing of the outlet. According to another embodiment of the invention, the guideway is formed as a column, which is displaceably surrounded by a guide unit and a sliding member fixed thereto. The sliding element here preferably has the form of a bush, which can be produced as a rotary element which can be manufactured particularly inexpensively. Another embodiment of the invention is characterized in that it incorporates two sealing rings, which are axially spaced from one another on the outside of the bush and which surround the lubricant chamber. Thus, it is not necessary to fix the bushing to the guide unit by means of a frictional connection as is customary, but a form closure is sufficient, since the outflow of lubricant is reliably prevented by the sealing ring. This fixing need only be such that the forces generated between the bush and the guide unit are reliably transmitted.

The lubricant chamber can be incorporated into either the inner wall of the guide unit or the outer wall of the bush. The invention is further characterized in that the closure of each outlet releases the lubricant upon insertion of the column in response to radial pressure. According to the invention, the lubricant chamber can be filled with lubricant both in the assembled state of the guide unit and in the disassembled state (ie with the column removed) without causing losses. This is achieved by the automatic closing of the outlet, which functions directly when the guiding unit is separated from the guideway or the column is pulled out of the bush.
In order to prevent the lubricant from being dragged by the movement inside the guide unit, it is preferable to fit a zimmer ring that concentrically surrounds the column at at least one end of the bush into the guide unit.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings with reference to the accompanying drawings. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the chute-guide unit is composed of a symmetrical guiding unit 1 with a centrally located through-longitudinal hole 2,
The bushing 4 is accommodated by providing a cylindrical enlarged portion 3 extending over most of the. The dimensions of the enlargement 3 and the bushing 4 should be chosen so that they are fixedly held in the enlargement 3 when the bushing 4 is inserted. The inner surface 5 of the bush 4 serves to guide the column 6 which can be inserted into the bush 4. The enlarged portion 3 is further provided with a lubricant chamber 7 that concentrically surrounds the outer surface of the bush 4, and a lubricant (preferably a lubricant) is introduced through an inlet 8 extending from the guide unit 1 to the outside. Can be filled. Of course, the lubricant chamber 7 can be machined on the outer surface of the bush 4. Furthermore, the lubricant chamber 7 can be processed on the outer surface of the bush 4 so as to surround the bush 4 in a spiral shape.

At this time, a conventional lubricant, a threaded joint or a valve may be provided at the inlet 8 to prevent the lubricating liquid from flowing out after the lubricant chamber 7 is filled. The lubricant is supplied between the inner surface 5 of the bush 4 and the outer surface of the column 6 by the bush 4
Through at least one outlet 9.
Of course, the lubricant chamber 7 can also be machined into the inner surface of the guide unit 1, in which case the inlets 8 and outlets 9 are arranged similarly. The outlet 9 has a cylindrical cross section and tapers conically in the direction of the guide passage 10 formed by the outer surface of the column 6 (FIG. 3). Inside the outlet 9 there is a closure member (preferably a ball 11) and a compression spring 12
Is pressed against the conically narrowing end of the outlet, where the opening 13 is present and its diameter is smaller than the diameter of the ball 10. Thus, the ball 10 slightly projects from the inner surface 5 of the bush 4 in the disassembled state of the guide unit 1 to securely close the outlet 9.

When the column 6 is inserted into the bush 4, the balls 11 are pushed back and the lubricant is supplied through the outlet 9. On the other hand, when the column 4 is pulled out, the outlet 9 is closed immediately. Thus, loss of lubricant is reliably prevented. In order to achieve a rapid and uniform distribution of the lubricating liquid, it is preferred to arrange the six outlets 9 uniformly in one plane, as shown in FIG. However, as shown in FIG. 5, the two lubricant chambers 7 are spaced apart from each other and only three outlets 9 are provided in each of the lubricant chambers 7, one outlet 9 in one plane being the outlet 9 in the other plane. For 6
It has also been shown that a particularly good distribution of the lubricant between the column 6 and the bush 4 is achieved if it is arranged to be displaced by 0 °. If more than two lubricant chambers 7 are required by a longer guide unit 1 or by a guide unit 1 with a larger diameter, the corresponding outlets 9 in one plane are displaced accordingly and arranged in the next plane. To do. Thus, in the case of this embodiment, a relatively small number of outlets 9 are required, the bearing surface of the bush 4 is considerably reduced, and the guide unit 1 is mechanically loaded to a particularly high degree without limiting its service life. You can However, it goes without saying that a different number of outlets 9 can be selected. If the spiral arrangement of the lubricant chamber 7 is chosen, the outlets 9 must also be distributed in a spiral.

Below the bush 4 there is a Zimmer ring 14 fixed to the guide unit 1 (FIGS. 1 and 4), which concentrically surrounds the column 6. This prevents the lubricating liquid from being dragged when the column 6 moves in the longitudinal direction inside the guide unit 1. Of course, the zimmer ring 14 may be provided above the guide unit 1 (FIG. 5) or arranged on both sides to close the guide unit 1 on both sides.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is found in FIG. This embodiment is based on the chute-guide unit, but has improvements over this and significantly improves its function and handling. In this case, the lubricant chamber 7 is incorporated in the outer surface of the bush 4. Thus, the enlarged portion 3 of the guide unit 1 is formed as a simple smooth surface hole, which makes the bushing 4 and the enlarged portion 3 particularly easy to manufacture. Furthermore, in the region of the end of the bush 4, the sealing ring 17
Each groove for accommodating the oil is processed, the lubricant chamber 7 is surrounded by these, and the bush 4 is enlarged.
After inserting it, seal it closed. Thus, a high degree of fitting precision required for sealing can be reduced, and the function of the guide unit 1 is not adversely affected. Thus, the manufacturing cost can be further reduced. This embodiment also allows for easy replacement of the bush 4 if the bush 4 has to be closed again or is destroyed. For this purpose, it is sufficient to machine two threaded hole parts facing each other on one of the front side surfaces of the bush 4 so that the extraction tool can be fixed.

Further provided is an outlet 9 which radially penetrates the bush 4 and connects the lubricant chamber 7 to the inner surface 5. In order to obtain a better input of the lubricant supply, the outlet 9 is not directly connected to the lubricant chamber 7, but the bush 4 is
Open at a slight distance below the mantle surface of the. In order to supply the lubricant, it may be inserted directly into the separating surface between the enlargement 3 and the jacket surface of the bush 4 or between the lubricant chamber 7 and the outlet 9 or the jacket surface of the bush 4. It is also possible to process the concave portion. By choosing the cross section of this connecting channel accordingly, the amount of lubricant to be supplied to the outlet 9 can be fixed.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, two lubricant chambers 7 are machined up and down on the outer surface of the bush 4 so as to be spaced apart from each other, especially in the case of a long guide unit 1 or when this is particularly necessary. It is also possible to provide more than two lubricant chambers 7. These lubricant chambers 7 are connected to one another, which can be achieved by inserting the bushes 4 into the enlargement 3 in a form-closed and frictional manner, between the lubricant chambers 7 respectively above the central region of the bushes 4. And a smaller diameter than the supporting section of the bush 4 located below. Another possibility for connecting the lubricant chambers 7 to one another is to machine the connecting channels or grooves between the lubricant chambers 7 on the outer surface of the bush 4. Thus, it is sufficient to provide only one of the lubricant chambers 7, preferably the inlet 8 in the uppermost lubricant chamber. The arrangement of the outlet 9 and its shutter can be carried out as described above in the manner seen from FIGS.

The bushing 4 is sealed against the guide unit 1 again by means of a sealing ring 17, which is inserted in the corresponding groove above and below the lubricant chamber 7, respectively. Thus, it is not necessary to choose the dimensions of the enlargement 3 and the bushing 4 so that a very precise fit is achieved when inserting the bushing 4. However, the fitting must be sufficient so that the force generated when the guide unit 1 moves can be reliably transmitted to the column 6 or can be transmitted to the guide unit 1 when the column 6 moves.

In order to constantly control the filling state of the lubricant chamber 7, the uppermost lubricant chamber 7 is further provided with a peep opening 16 which is closed to the outside via a peep glass 15 (FIG. 4). 5). Another advantage of the present invention is that its structural configuration allows the use of any pair of materials. Instead of bronze, for example for the bush 4, it is also possible to use suitable plastics or steel materials. Further, to facilitate the assembly of the guide unit, the exit 9
Is closed by a cap 18 at the end facing the ball 11, which is provided with a hole for the inlet of the lubricant and serves as a support for the compression spring 12 located at the outlet. The cap 18 is fixed to the outlet 9 so as not to be lost, for example, by pressing, but it is of course possible to consider other fixing possibilities and it can be selected according to the material used for the bush. The cap can also be fixed with solder or adhesive.

The invention can also be used for surface guides of any desired shape, in which the guide unit 1 is formed as a surface guide unit, to which the sliding element is fixed, for example by means of a sealing element. . In this case, the lubricant chamber 7 is arranged between the sliding member and the surface guide unit. Thus, the invention can be used for any column guide or face guide in tool or machine constructions while retaining its advantages.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a chute-guide unit having a lubricant chamber,

2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 with the outlet closed;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view according to FIG. 1 in which an outlet is opened,

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a chute-guide unit having a removable bush.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a chute-guide unit including a plurality of lubricant chambers and a removable bush.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Guide Unit 2 Longitudinal Hole 3 Expanded Part 4 Bush 5 Inner Surface 6 Column 7 Lubricant Chamber 8 Inlet 9 Outlet 10 Guideway 11 Ball 12 Compression Spring 13 Opening 14 Zimmering 15 Peep Glass 16 Peeping Opening 17 Sealing Ring 18 cap

Claims (19)

[Claims] 1. A column guide with a tool structure or a mechanical structure, which comprises a guide unit, a sliding member fixed to the guide unit and abutting against the guide path, and a lubricating device for lubricating the guide path. In the chute-guide unit, the sliding member is fixedly and detachably connected to the guide unit (1) in a form-fixed manner by interposing a sealing member, and the lubricating device is at least 1 in the region of the outer wall portion of the sliding member. A plurality of ring-shaped lubricant chambers (7) with at least one lubricant chamber (7) provided with an inlet (8) and at least one self-closing of each of the lubricant chambers (7) A chute-guide unit, characterized in that it is provided with an outlet (9) for a possible lubricant, which further penetrates the sliding member to open the outlet (9) in the guideway (10). 2. Chute-guide unit according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of lubricant chambers (7) are provided, the sliding members being axially spaced from one another and surrounded and connected to one another. 3. Each lubricant chamber (7) is provided with three evenly distributed outlets (9) and the outlets (9) of adjacent lubricant chambers (7) are each displaced by 60 °. The chute-guide unit according to claim 2, wherein: 4. A chute-guide unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the inlets (8) are connected in the mounting position to the respective uppermost lubricant chambers (7). 5. A peep opening (1) externally closed to each uppermost lubricant chamber (7) through a peep glass (15).
The chute-guide unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising 6). 6. Chute-guide unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the outlet (9) is provided with a shutter, which opens the outlet (9) when pressure is applied. 7. The chute-guide according to claim 1, characterized in that the outlet (9) has a cylindrical cross section which tapers conically in the direction of the guide channel (10). unit. 8. Displaceable closure member is arranged in the conically narrowing region of the outlet (9), which member partially projects from the sliding member in the unloaded state. 6
Or the shoot-guide unit according to 7. 9. A ball (11) spring loaded with a closure member.
The chute-guide unit according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the chute-guide unit is configured as follows. 10. A chute-guide unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the ball (11) is pressed against the narrowing area of the outlet (9) by a compression spring (12). 11. Chute according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outlet (9) is closed by a cap (18) at its end facing the ball (11). A guidance unit. 12. Chute-guide unit according to claim 1, characterized in that a magnetic valve is provided at the outlet (9). 13. The guide path (10) is constructed as a column (6), and the column (6) is surrounded by a guide unit (1) and a sliding member fixed thereto so as to be displaceable. The chute-guide unit according to any one of 12. 14. Chute-guide unit according to claim 13, characterized in that the sliding member has the form of a bush (4). 15. A bushing (4) is fitted on the outside with two sealing rings (17) axially spaced from each other and surrounding the lubricant chamber (7). The chute-guide unit according to claim 14. 16. The lubricant chamber (7) is fitted into the inner wall of the guide unit (1).
A shoot-guide unit according to any one of items 1 to 15. 17. A bush (4) for the lubricant chamber (7).
The chute-guide unit according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the chute-guide unit is incorporated in the outer wall portion of the. 18. A shutter according to claim 1, characterized in that the shutter at each outlet (9) releases the lubricant in response to radial pressure upon introduction of the column (6). Shoot-guide unit. 19. A Zimmer ring (1) concentrically surrounding the column (6) on at least one end of the bush (4).
Chute-guide unit according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that 4) is fitted into the guide unit.