JPH07199083A - Binocular magnifier - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] It is an object to provide a binocular magnifier having a wide field of view and well-balanced accommodation and convergence of the eye. A binocular magnifying glass including a pair of magnifying optical systems for the right eye and the left eye in which an objective lens 10 having positive power and an eyepiece lens 20 having negative power are arranged in order from the object side. At least with respect to the straight line connecting the center of rotation 31 of the eye and the object point 40,
The optical center 21 of 0 is located outside the straight line.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a binocular magnifying glass for magnifying and observing an object to be worn when performing precision work at hand.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a binocular magnifying glass of this type, a technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-38931 has been known. The binocular magnifying glass described in this publication has a magnifying optical system in which an objective lens 10 having a positive power and an eyepiece lens 20 having a negative power are arranged in order from the object side, as shown in FIG. For the left eye and one for the left eye. The distance d between the objective lens 10 and the eyepiece lens 20 can be adjusted according to the refractive index of the wearer's eye and the object distance. Further, the distance Wo between the optical centers 11 of the objective lenses 10 and the distance We between the optical centers 21 of the eyepieces 20 can be adjusted independently.

The magnifying glass described in the above publication is used each time it is worn.
On the line connecting the rotation center 31 of the wearer's eye 30 and the object 40, the optical centers 1 of the eyepiece lens and the objective lens, respectively.
The position of each lens is adjusted so that 1 and 21 are put together. The above publication describes that such adjustment allows an unspecified large number of people to always be used in an optimal state.

[0004]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional binocular magnifying glass, all four lenses must be independently adjusted according to the eye width of the wearer when wearing, and the setting is It has the problem of being complicated.

Further, the distance between the objective lenses is made variable,
In order to be able to match the assumed wearer with the narrowest pupil distance, it is necessary to make the diameter of the objective lens small to some extent so that the objective lens can be adjusted in the approaching direction. This was one of the restrictions in securing a wide field of view as a binocular magnifying glass.

Further, the vergence required for the eyes for binocular vision with the binocular magnifier thus adjusted is stronger than the accommodation of the eyes, and the convergence and the accommodation are well balanced. It was hard to say, and it could not withstand long-term use.

It has been known from visual physiologic studies that accommodation and convergence work together in binocular vision, and comfortable binocular vision cannot be achieved unless the balance between the two acts. Akira Hagiwara, "Binocular Vision, Convergence and its Disorders"
Vol. 4), P. Figure 247 (Kanehara Publishing (1958))
It is shown that binocular vision is possible when there is accommodation and vergence within the range of curve 50 in FIG. For example, adjustment 1D
In the case of (diopter), binocular vision is possible with congestion 0 MW to 5.2 MW. Further, in this figure, if it is on a straight line with an inclination of 45 °, it means that observation can be performed with the same balance of adjustment and convergence as seen with the naked eye.

From such a point of view, a concrete numerical value is applied to the above-mentioned conventional binocular magnifying glass for consideration.

The focal length fo of the objective lens 10 is set to 67.5.
mm, the focal length fe of the eyepiece 20 is -54.1 mm
And It is assumed that a person with a pupil distance PD of 63 mm wears this binocular magnifier at a position where the distance de between the eyepiece 20 and the eye 30 is 35 mm and observes an object at a position where the object distance do is 364 mm. To do.

At this time, the inter-lens distance d is adjusted to 30 mm so that the image diopter becomes -1D. In general, when using this type of optical device, it is said that an emmetropic person can observe an image diopter of about -1D most relaxedly when mechanical myopia is considered.

Next, the objective lens interval Wo is set to 50 mm,
When the eyepiece lens interval We is adjusted to 55 mm, the optical center of each lens can be arranged on the line connecting the rotation center 31 of the eye 30 and the object 40. Expansion rate in this state
(Standard enlargement ratio) is 1.8 times.

At this time, for an image with an image diopter of -1D,
1D for a person with emmetropia (or a person who has a refractive correction equivalent to emmetropia)
Adjustment is required and 2.8M for binocular vision
W congestion is required. Here, a negative image diopter means that the light beam is in a divergent state, and a positive convergence means that the eyeball is adducted.

With this conventional binocular magnifying glass, the object distance d is given to a wearer having a pupil distance PD of 56 to 70 mm.
Table 1 shows the arrangement of each lens and the values of the image diopter, vergence, and actual visual field at that time when o is 408 to 325 mm, and the balance between eye accommodation and vergence is shown by a straight line 56 in FIG.

[0014]

[Table 1]

As is clear from the values shown in these tables and figures, the usage of the conventional binocular magnifying glass is generally within the range in which the balance between accommodation and convergence is within the binocular visual range, but Since it requires greater vergence than accommodation of the eye, it imposes a heavy burden on the eye and is not suitable for long-term use.

Furthermore, when a wearer with a pupil distance PD of 56 mm observes an object with an object distance do of 325 mm, the distance Wo between the optical centers 11 of the objective lenses 10 is 42.4 mm, which means that the effective diameter (ho of the objective lens 10 is X2) is
It means that the upper limit is substantially about 40 mm in diameter. That is, to be able to change the objective lens interval Wo is a constraint in securing a wide observation visual field.

Table 2 shows design values of another conventional example. The arrangement configuration of each lens is similar to that of the conventional example shown in FIG.
The focal length fo of the objective lens 10 is 95.8 mm, the focal length fe of the eyepiece lens 20 is -99.7 mm, and the standard magnification is 1.5 times.

The balance between adjustment and convergence of this conventional binocular magnifying glass is shown by the straight line 57 in FIG. It can be seen that the congestion has a large value as compared with the adjustment as in the above-mentioned conventional example. In addition, the effective diameter of the objective lens 10 has an upper limit of 35 mm in diameter in consideration of the case where both objective lenses are closest to each other.

[0019]

[Table 2]

[0020]

It is an object of the present invention to provide a binocular magnifier having a wide field of view and a good balance between accommodation and convergence of the eye. .

[0021]

In order to achieve the above object, the binocular magnifying glass according to the present invention has an objective lens having a positive power and an eyepiece lens having a negative power arranged in order from the object side. Magnification optical system, for the right eye, in a binocular magnifying lens configured for a pair for the left eye, for a straight line connecting the center of rotation of the eye and the object point, at least the optical center of the eyepiece is outside the straight line It is characterized by being located.

[0022]

EXAMPLES Examples of this binocular magnifying glass will be described below.
FIG. 1 shows the optical arrangement of Embodiment 1 according to the present invention.

In the binocular magnifying glass of Example 1, a magnifying optical system in which an objective lens 10 having a positive power and an eyepiece lens 20 having a negative power are arranged in order from the object side is used for the right eye and the left eye. A pair is provided.

Focal length of objective lens fo = 67.5
mm, focal length of eyepiece lens fe = −54.1 mm
Is. Further, the distance d between the objective lens 10 and the eyepieces 20 and the optical center interval We of the left and right eyepieces 20 can be adjusted. The optical center interval Wo of the left and right objective lenses 10 is constant at 53.2 mm.

In space, the effective diameter of the objective lens 10 can be set to a maximum diameter of 52 mm. However, if the effective diameter is too large, the weight of the magnifying glass becomes large due to the increase of the central thickness, so that the field of view is secured and the weight is increased. In this case, the diameter is set to 45 mm. Regarding the objective lens, the optical center 11 and the outer diameter center 12 are aligned with each other in order to reduce the center thickness.

On the other hand, it suffices that the effective diameter of the eyepiece lens is large enough not to cause vignetting in the observation light beam. If the effective diameter of the eyepiece lens is too large, the weight of the magnifying glass increases, and it becomes an obstacle when observing the periphery by removing the line of sight from the magnifying glass.

The eyepiece lens is made longer in the horizontal direction than the objective lens so that vignetting does not occur in the visual field even if the position is adjusted under the above observation conditions, and both are 10.5 mm in the vertical direction from the optical center 21. , 9.4 mm on the outer side (ear side) and 13.7 mm on the inner side (nasal side). The optical center 21 of the eyepiece lens is 2.2 mm from the outer diameter center 22.
It is eccentric to the outside. The ratio of the horizontal effective diameter to the vertical effective diameter of the eyepiece lens is 1.1, which is larger than the ratio of the horizontal effective diameter to the vertical effective diameter of the objective lens, which is 1.0.

FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the effective diameter of the objective lens and the eyepiece lens in Example 1 and the optical center position.

As a standard wearing condition, the pupil distance PD6
A 3 mm person wears a magnifying glass at a position 35 mm in front of the eye,
It is assumed that the object 40 having an object distance do of 364 mm is observed. When the distance d between the object eyepieces is 30 mm and the optical center interval We of both eyepieces is 64.9 mm, the magnification is 1.8 times, the image diopter is -1D, and the convergence is 1 MW.

At this time, the optical center 11 of the objective lens and the optical center 21 of the eyepiece lens are the eyeball rotation center 41 of the wearer.
And the object 40 are both outside, and the deviation ΔL1 of the objective lens is 1.6 mm and the deviation ΔL2 of the eyepiece lens is 5.0 mm. The values of .DELTA.L1 and .DELTA.L2 are given signs with the outward bias of the straight line being positive and the inward bias being negative.

Similarly, the pupil distance PD is 56 mm and 70 m.
object distance do is 408 to 325 m for a wearer of m
Table 3 shows the arrangement of each lens in the case of m and the values of the image diopter, convergence, and actual visual field at that time. In addition, the state of the balance between the accommodation of the eyes and the congestion for these wearing states is shown in FIG.
Although indicated by reference numeral 51 in the figure, it is possible to make the adjustment 1D and the congestion 1MW completely match in all states.

It is impossible to completely match the visual fields of both eyes except for the standard observation state.
It was confirmed that there is practically no problem if (= binocular common visual field / monocular visual field) is about 70% or more. The field of view of Example 1 satisfies 70% or more in all cases assumed as shown in Table 3.

[0033]

[Table 3]

FIG. 4 shows the optical arrangement of the second embodiment according to the present invention. The numerical values of Example 2 are shown in Table 4, and the balance between the accommodation of eyes and the convergence is shown by reference numeral 52 in FIG.

In the second embodiment, the focal length fo of the objective lens 10 is fo = 67.5 mm, and the focal length fe of the eyepiece lens fe =-.
54.1 mm, the standard enlargement ratio 1.8 times is that of the first embodiment.
However, the adjustment mechanism of the distance d between the objective eyepieces and the eyepiece lens interval We is omitted, and the distances are 30 mm and 6 mm, respectively.
It was fixed at 3.2 mm.

Except for a person who has almost no accommodative power due to presbyopia or the like, for an object having an object distance do of about 408 to 325 mm, the inter-lens distance d need not be adjusted.
It can be accommodated by the eye accommodating ability 1 to 2D. In consideration of the tendency that the congestion tends to move inward due to psychological influences when observing an object at a short distance, the second embodiment balances the congestion slightly stronger than the adjustment.

The configuration of the second embodiment can provide a lightweight binocular magnifier which is easy to operate because there are no adjustment points.

[0038]

[Table 4]

FIG. 5 shows the optical arrangement of the third embodiment according to the present invention. The numerical values of Example 3 are shown in Table 5, and the balance between the accommodation of eyes and the convergence is shown by reference numeral 53 in FIG.

In the third embodiment, the focal length fo of the objective lens 10 is fo = 67.5 mm and the focal length fe of the eyepiece lens fe =-.
54.1 mm, the standard enlargement ratio 1.8 times is that of the first embodiment.
However, the adjustment mechanism of the eyepiece lens gap We was omitted and the distance was kept constant at 63.2 mm. The distance d between the lenses can be adjusted.

[0041]

[Table 5]

The fourth embodiment according to the present invention is the objective lens 1
In this example, the focal length fo is 0 = 95.8 mm, the focal length of the eyepiece lens fe = −99.7 mm, and the standard magnification is 1.5 times. The optical arrangement is shown in FIG. 1 as in the first embodiment, and the distance between the objective eyepieces d and the distance between the eyepieces We
Is adjustable. The numerical values of Example 4 are shown in Table 6, and the balance between the accommodation of eyes and the convergence is shown by reference numeral 54 in FIG.

In the fourth embodiment, the objective lens 10 is not circular in shape due to the design of the magnifying glass, but the upper and lower parts thereof are cut to make the ratio of the effective diameter in the horizontal direction to the effective diameter in the vertical direction 1.25, and the eyepiece is used. The lens 20 is made longer in the horizontal direction to have a horizontal / vertical effective diameter ratio of 1.31.

FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the effective diameter of the objective lens / eyepiece lens and the optical center position in the fourth embodiment.

[0045]

[Table 6]

FIG. 7 shows the optical arrangement of the fifth embodiment according to the present invention. Various numerical values are shown in Table 7, and the balance between the accommodation of eyes and the convergence is shown by reference numeral 55 in FIG.

In this embodiment, the focal length fo of the objective lens 10 is fo = 95.8 mm and the focal length fe of the eyepiece lens fe =-.
It is the same as the fourth embodiment in that the standard magnification ratio is 99.7 mm and the magnification is 1.5 times, but the distance d between the objective eyepieces is 30 m.
It was constant at m. The eyepiece lens interval We is adjustable and has some ability to adjust the eye, but it can also be applied to a wearer who has a small tolerance for the mismatch between adjustment and convergence.

[0048]

[Table 7]

The objective lens 10 and the eyepiece 20 of the binocular magnifying glass described above are shown as single lenses in FIGS. 1, 4, 5, and 7, but may be composed of a plurality of lenses. .

[0050]

As described above, according to the binocular magnifying glass according to the present invention, since binocular vision is balanced between accommodation and convergence, comfortable binocular vision is possible, and it is necessary to move the objective lens. Since it does not exist, the effective diameter can be increased and a wide observation visual field can be obtained.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an optical arrangement of Embodiments 1 and 4 of a binocular magnifying glass according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a relationship among an effective diameter, an outer diameter center, and an optical center of an objective lens and an eyepiece lens of the binocular magnifying glass of Example 1.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the balance between accommodation and convergence of the eye by the binocular magnifying glass according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an optical arrangement of Example 2 of the binocular magnifying glass according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an optical arrangement of Example 3 of the binocular magnifying glass according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a relationship among an effective diameter, an outer diameter center and an optical center of an objective lens / eyepiece of the binocular magnifying glass of Example 4.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an optical arrangement of Example 5 of the binocular magnifying glass according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an optical arrangement of a conventional binocular magnifying glass.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a balance between accommodation of eyes and convergence by a conventional binocular magnifying glass.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Objective Lens 11 Objective Lens Optical Center 12 Objective Lens Outer Diameter Center 20 Eyepiece 21 Eyepiece Optical Center 22 Eyepiece Outer Diameter Center 30 Eyes 31 Eyeball Rotation Point 40 Observed Object 50 Eye Adjustment and Convergence Limit Curve 51 Eye Balance between accommodation and vergence (Example 1) 52 Balance between accommodation and vergence (Example 2) 53 Balance between eye accommodation and vergence (Example 3) 54 Balance between accommodation and vergence (implementation) Example 4) 55 Balance between accommodation and convergence of eye (Example 5) 56 Balance between accommodation of eye and convergence (conventional example 1) 57 Balance between accommodation of eye and convergence (conventional example 2)

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A binocular magnifying glass configured by a pair of magnifying optical systems for the right eye and the left eye, in which an objective lens having positive power and an eyepiece lens having negative power are arranged in order from the object side. 2. The binocular magnifying glass, wherein at least the optical center of the eyepiece lens is located outside the straight line connecting the center of rotation of the eye and the object point. 2. The binocular magnifying glass according to claim 1, wherein an optical center of each objective lens is located outside the straight line. 3. The binocular magnifying glass according to claim 2, wherein the deviation of the optical center of the eyepiece lens from the straight line is larger than the deviation of the optical center of the objective lens from the straight line. 4. The binocular magnifying apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising means for changing a distance between both eyepieces of the magnifying optical system while keeping a distance between both objective lenses of the magnifying optical system. mirror. 5. The binocular magnifying glass according to claim 1, wherein the eyepiece lens is arranged such that its optical center is located outside the center of the outer diameter. 6. A binocular magnifier configured by a pair of magnifying optical systems for the right eye and the left eye, in which an objective lens having positive power and an eyepiece lens having negative power are arranged in order from the object side. 2. The binocular magnifying glass, wherein the optical center of the eyepiece of each magnifying optical system is decentered from the center of the outer diameter of the eyepiece to the outside. 7. The binocular magnifying apparatus according to claim 7, further comprising means for changing a distance between both eyepieces of the magnifying optical system while keeping a distance between both objective lenses of the magnifying optical system. mirror. 8. The ratio of the effective diameter in the horizontal direction to the effective diameter in the vertical direction of the eyepiece lens is made larger than the ratio of the effective diameter in the horizontal direction to the effective diameter in the vertical direction of the objective lens. Item 7. The binocular magnifying glass according to Item 7.