JPH07199535A - Method for producing polymerized toner - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Object] An object of the present invention is to increase the triboelectric charge amount of a polymerized toner in a short time when it is brought into contact with a carrier and to provide toner particles having a uniform triboelectric charge amount distribution. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing the polymerized toner obtained. A method for producing a polymerized toner, which comprises granulating by adding an oil phase obtained by dispersing at least a polymerizable monomer, a colorant and a polymerization initiator into an aqueous phase in which a charge control agent is dispersed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for producing a polymerized toner produced by suspension polymerization.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, toners used in electrophotography and the like are prepared by melt-kneading a binder resin, a colorant, a charge control agent and the like,
It was manufactured by a so-called crushing method of crushing and classifying. The toner produced by this pulverization method had an average particle size of about 10 to 20 μm. In recent years, in electronic copying machines, colorization, high definition, and high image quality have been aimed at, and as a result, toner with a small particle size having an average particle size of 10 μm or less has been earnestly desired. However, it has been difficult to produce a small particle diameter toner with a high yield by the pulverization method. In order to solve such a problem of the pulverization method, a toner is produced from a polymerizable monomer by a suspension polymerization method. When a toner is obtained by a suspension polymerization method, a monomer composition (oil phase) containing at least a polymerizable monomer and a colorant, mainly carbon black and a charge control agent, is mixed with a water-miscible medium (aqueous phase). In (1), a suitable stirrer is used to granulate (granulate) to the particle size of the toner, and the polymerization initiator that is added in advance or the newly added polymerization initiator is decomposed by heat. By the radical, the polymerizable monomer is polymerized to form a polymer (polymerization step) to generate a polymerized toner. Since the polymerized toner obtained by this suspension polymerization method has a spherical shape, the polymerized toner has characteristics such as excellent fluidity. However, this suspension polymerization method also has a problem. That is, in the conventional suspension polymerization method, the charge control agent is mixed with the polymerizable monomer in the oil phase and the granulation step and the polymerization step are performed, so that the surface of the polymer particles is covered with the resin component. Therefore, the charge control agent was not exposed on the surface of the particles, so that polymer particles having a problem of triboelectrification were produced. That is, when such polymer particles are practically stirred and mixed with the carrier, the triboelectric charge amount of the polymerized toner does not become large in a short time, or the toner particles having a non-uniform distribution of the triboelectric charge amount of individual toner particles are generated. And toner particles of opposite polarity were generated. Then, the toner particles are scattered inside the copying machine to cause a background fog in a margin portion of the transfer paper, or to contaminate the inside of the copying machine (hereinafter referred to as toner scattering).

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a polymerized toner in which toner particles having a rapid rise in triboelectric charge amount and a uniform triboelectric charge amount distribution can be obtained upon friction with a carrier or the like. To do.

[0004]

As a result of earnest research, the inventors of the present invention have found that, in order to solve the problems of the prior art,
After the charge control agent is dispersed in the water phase, the charge control agent is uniformly fixed on the surface of the toner particles by carrying out the granulation step of the oil phase, thereby producing toner particles having a sufficient triboelectric charge amount. It was found that the triboelectric charge amount of the toner particles can be easily controlled by changing the amount of the charge control agent added to the aqueous phase. That is, the method according to claim 1 of the present invention comprises adding an oil phase obtained by dispersing at least a polymerizable monomer, a colorant and a polymerization initiator to an aqueous phase in which a charge control agent is dispersed. It is a method for producing a polymerized toner, which comprises granulating the particles by means of granulation. Further, claim 3 of the present invention
In the method described in 1, the charge control agent and the suspension stabilizer are dispersed in the aqueous phase, and the oil phase obtained by dispersing at least the polymerizable monomer, the colorant and the polymerization initiator is added to the granulation. And a method for producing a polymerized toner. The method according to claim 7 of the present invention comprises an aqueous phase in which a charge control agent is dispersed and an oil phase obtained by dispersing at least a polymerizable monomer, a colorant and a polymerization initiator, respectively. Holding in independent tanks, and continuously feeding both through a separate path to the granulator at a controlled ratio to obtain a suspension having polymerizable droplet groups of a desired size; And a step of taking out the suspension from the granulator and introducing the suspension into a polymerization tank to complete a polymerization reaction to obtain polymer particles. The method according to claim 9 of the present invention is an oil obtained by dispersing an aqueous phase in which a charge control agent and a suspension stabilizer are dispersed, and at least a polymerizable monomer, a colorant and a polymerization initiator. The phase and the suspension are held in independent tanks, and both are continuously fed to the granulator at a controlled ratio through independent paths to obtain a suspension having polymerizable droplet groups of a desired size. A method for producing a polymerized toner comprising a step of obtaining a liquid and a step of taking out the suspension from the granulator and introducing the suspension into a polymerization tank to complete a polymerization reaction to obtain polymer particles. is there.

The present invention will be described in detail below. In the present invention, first, an aqueous phase in which the charge control agent is dispersed is obtained. Examples of the charge control agent used in the present invention include a carboxyl group, a metal complex of an organic compound having a sulfonic acid ester or a nitrogen-containing group, or a metal-containing dye of an organic compound having a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid ester or a nitrogen-containing group, and the like. , Sulfonic acid and its salt in the main chain or side chain,
Examples thereof include polymer compounds having a polar functional group such as quaternary ammonium salt. Among these, a metal complex of an organic compound having a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid ester or a nitrogen-containing group, or a metal-containing dye of an organic compound having a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid ester or a nitrogen-containing group is satisfactorily fixed uniformly on the toner particle surface. It is preferable because it is performed. These charge control agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The amount of the charge control agent added to the aqueous phase is 0.1 to 1 with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polymerizable monomer in consideration of the triboelectric chargeability of the polymerized toner, economy, and fixability of the polymerized toner.
0 parts by weight is preferable, and 0.5 to 5 parts by weight is particularly preferable. If the amount is less than 0.1 parts by weight, the triboelectric charge amount is small and it is difficult to obtain good developing characteristics, and the charge amount distribution of the entire polymerized toner tends to be non-uniform. However, it is uneconomical because the charge control agent which is more expensive than necessary is consumed.

The suspension stabilizer used in the present invention is a water-soluble polymer having a hydrophilic group and a hydrophobic group in its molecule, such as polyvinyl alcohol and casein,
Examples include cellulose derivatives such as gelatin, methyl cellulose, methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose, and ethyl cellulose, starch and its derivatives, poly (meth) acrylic acid and salts thereof, and solid fine powders. As the solid fine powder, for example, tricalcium phosphate and calcium carbonate, fine metal powder such as copper and iron, silica,
Alumina etc. are mentioned. Of these suspension stabilizers, solid fine powder is insoluble in water and is relatively stable when heated, and therefore, tribasic calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate are particularly preferable. It is preferable because a polymerized toner having a uniform particle size can be obtained regardless of the types, amounts and properties of the monomers, colorants and magnetic powders. These suspension stabilizers may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The amount of the suspension stabilizer added to the aqueous phase is preferably 0.5 to 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of water in the aqueous phase. If it is less than 0.5 parts by weight, it is difficult to obtain a polymerized toner having a small particle size of 10 μm or less. On the other hand, if it is more than 20 parts by weight, the viscosity of the aqueous phase increases and it is difficult to obtain a polymerized toner having a small particle size, and it is difficult to obtain a polymerized toner having a uniform particle size. Such a suspension stabilizer has a function of adhering to the surface of a monomer composition composed of a polymerizable monomer in an oil phase, a colorant, etc., and making the monomer composition into uniform particles. At the same time, it has the function of attaching the charge control agent to the surface of the particles made of the monomer composition. A suspension stabilizer composed of tricalcium phosphate and calcium carbonate is used to remove polymerized particles from the surface after polymerized particles are obtained by washing with acid after obtaining polymerized particles in an aqueous phase. It is preferable because it has good properties.

Further, in order to stabilize the monomer composition suspended in the aqueous phase and obtain a polymerized toner having uniform particles, an interface of sodium dodecyl sulfonate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, etc., as a suspending aid. It is preferred to add the activator to the aqueous phase. The amount of the suspension aid added is 100 in the aqueous phase.
0.005-0.05 weight part is preferable with respect to weight part.

Next, the oil phase will be described. The oil phase constituting the present invention comprises at least a polymerizable monomer, a colorant and a polymerization initiator dispersed therein. As the monomer composition used in the present invention, for example, the following polymerizable polymerizable monomers can be used. That is, as the polymerizable monomer, for example, styrene, o-methylstyrene, m-methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, p-methoxystyrene, p-phenylstyrene, p-chlorostyrene, 3,4-dichlorostyrene. , P-ethylstyrene, 2,4-dimethylstyrene, pn-butylstyrene, p-tert-butylstyrene, pn-hexylstyrene, pn-octylstyrene, pn-nonylstyrene, p- Styrene and its derivatives such as n-decylstyrene; ethylenically unsaturated monoolefins such as ethylene, propylene, butylene, isobutylene; vinyl halides such as vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, vinyl bromide and vinyl fluoride; Organic acid vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl benzoate, etc .;
Methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate,
Methacrylic acid and its derivatives such as n-octyl methacrylate, dodecyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, stearyl methacrylate, phenyl methacrylate, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, diethylaminoethyl methacrylate; acrylic acid, methyl acrylate, Ethyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, n acrylate
-Acrylic acid and its derivatives such as octyl, dodecyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, stearyl acrylate, 2-chloroethyl acrylate, phenyl acrylate; vinyl ethers such as vinyl methyl ether, vinyl ethyl ether, vinyl isobutyl ether, etc. Vinyl vinyl ketones such as vinyl methyl ketone, vinyl hexyl ketone and vinyl isopropenyl ketone; N-vinyl compounds such as N-vinyl pyrrole, N-vinyl carbazole, N-vinyl indole and N-vinyl pyrrolidone; vinyl naphthalenes; Examples thereof include polymerizable monomers such as acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, and acrylamide, and the monomers may be used alone or as a mixture depending on the purpose. Among the above-mentioned polymerizable monomers, it is preferable to use styrene or a styrene derivative alone or in combination with methacrylic acid and its derivative or acrylic acid and its derivative in order to improve the developing characteristics and durability of the polymerized toner.

The colorant used in the present invention is a card.
Bon black is suitable. That is, the carbon black used in the present invention has a number average particle size,
The oil absorption amount, pH and the like can be used without limitation, and the following are commercially available products. For example, Regal 400, 660, 330, 30 manufactured by Cabot Corporation of the United States
0, SRF-S, STERRING S
O, V, NS, R; Raven H20, MT-P, 410, 42 manufactured by Columbia Carbon Japan Co., Ltd.
0, 430, 450, 500, 760, 780, 100
0, 1035, 1060, 1080; Mitsubishi Kasei Kogyo's # 10B, # 5B, # 40, # 2400B, MA-10.
0; etc. are mentioned. These carbon blacks may be used alone or in combination of two or more in various compositions. As the colorant other than carbon black, a colorant that is dispersible in the monomer composition and exhibits a clear color and excellent stability over time when used as a toner is used. Examples of such colorants include phthalocyanine pigments, rhodamine lake pigments, azo lake pigments, iron oxide, titanium oxide, alumina, barium sulfate and the like. The amount of the colorant added is 1 to 40 parts by weight, preferably 3 to 20 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the polymerizable monomer.

The polymerization initiator used in the present invention is preferably soluble in the polymerizable monomer. Examples of such a polymerization initiator include 2,2′-azobisvaleronitrile, 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile,
2,2'-azobis- (2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), 2,2'-azobis-4-methoxy-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile, other azo or diazo polymerization initiators; benzoyl peroxide , Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, isopropyl peroxy carbonate, other peroxide-based polymerization initiators, and the like. However, a benzoyl peroxide-based polymerization initiator or the like may decompose and generate a carboxylic acid such as benzoic acid as a by-product, which may adversely affect the storage stability of the toner, and also has a drawback that an aromatic odor is generated. Therefore, it is preferable to use an azo polymerization initiator. In the present invention,
For the purpose of controlling the molecular weight and the molecular weight distribution, or for the purpose of controlling the reaction time, it is preferable to use two or more of the above polymerization initiators in combination in various compositions. Further, if necessary, a water-soluble initiator such as ammonium persulfate or potassium persulfate may be used in combination. The amount of the polymerization initiator used is usually 0.1 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 10 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the polymerizable monomer. When the amount of the polymerization initiator is less than 0.1 part by weight, the polymerization time may be long and the molecular weight of the polymerized toner may be too high. On the other hand, if the amount of the polymerization initiator exceeds 20 parts by weight, the molecular weight of the polymerized toner may be too low, which is not preferable. Furthermore, in the oil phase of the present invention, in order to improve blocking resistance and durability in the toner,
There is no problem even if a cross-linking agent for the polymer of the polymerizable monomer is added. As such a cross-linking agent, a cross-linking agent such as divinylbenzene can be added to the monomer composition.

To carry out the method according to claim 1 of the present invention using the above materials, the following steps are carried out. That is, an aqueous phase in which a charge control agent is dispersed in water and an oil phase in which a polymerizable monomer, a colorant, a polymerization initiator, and the like are dispersed using an ultrasonic cleaner are prepared, and these waters are prepared. After putting the phase and the oil phase in a container such as a separable flask and stirring with a stirrer to obtain polymer particles by granulation, the polymer particles are cooled, filtered and dried to obtain a polymerized toner. obtain. In order to carry out the method according to claim 3 of the present invention, the above-mentioned claim 1
It can be carried out by adding a suspension stabilizer to the aqueous phase in the method described in 1.

When a magnetic toner is obtained in the present invention,
The magnetic substance is dispersed in the oil phase to obtain a polymerized toner. The magnetic substance is a substance that is strongly magnetized in that direction by a magnetic field, and is preferably black, can be well dispersed in the polymerizable monomer, is chemically stable, and is preferably 1 μm or less. Such magnetic materials include metals such as cobalt, iron and nickel; alloys of metals such as aluminum, cobalt, copper, iron, magnesium, nickel, and mixtures thereof; nitrides such as vanadium nitride; tengusten carbide. Carbides such as; ferrites; mixtures thereof, and the like. The polymerized toner obtained by the present invention is mixed with a carrier to be used as a two-component developer or, in the case of a magnetic toner, used alone as a one-component developer without being mixed with a carrier.

The invention according to claim 7 of the present invention is
An aqueous phase in which the charge control agent is dispersed, and an oil phase obtained by dispersing at least a polymerizable monomer, a colorant and a polymerization initiator, are each held in an independent tank, and through each independent path, Both are continuously supplied to the granulator at a controlled ratio to obtain a suspension having polymerizable droplet groups of a desired size, and the suspension is taken out from the granulator and polymerized. This is a method for producing a polymer particle by introducing it into a tank to complete the polymerization reaction. Further, the invention according to claim 9 of the present invention has a constitution in which a suspension stabilizer is added to the aqueous phase in the invention according to claim 7 above. These inventions will be described in detail with reference to the drawings (FIGS. 1 and 2). First, as shown in FIG. 1, an aqueous phase tank 1 containing an aqueous phase in which a charge control agent is dispersed, or an aqueous phase in which a charge control agent and a suspension stabilizer are dispersed, and a polymerizable monomer are added. The oil phase tank 2 containing the oil phase as the main component is simultaneously introduced into the granulator 5 at a constant ratio through the metering pumps 4 and 4, respectively. And is introduced into a polymerization tank 3 equipped with a condenser 6, and heating is carried out by a heating jacket 7 provided around the polymerization tank 3 to complete the polymerization reaction. It is intended to produce polymer particles having a uniform particle size distribution. An example of the granulator 5 used in the present invention is as shown in FIG.
The granulator 5 has an oil phase supply port 14 and an aqueous phase supply port 13, and both liquids enter the shear region 11. A stirring blade 10 is fixed to the shear region 11 by a rotating shaft 8. Stirring blade 1
0 rotates by the rotating shaft 8 and generates a suspension in the shear region 11 by a shearing force. A discharge regulating gap 12 is provided at the edge of the shear region 11, and the dispersion liquid (suspension liquid) passing through this gap is discharged from the upper dispersion liquid discharge port 9 and guided to the polymerization tank 3. It is designed so that it can be used.

All suspension polymerizations according to the present invention are usually
The polymerization temperature is set to 50 ° C. or higher, and the temperature is set in consideration of the decomposition temperature of the polymerization initiator. If the set temperature is too high, the polymerization initiator will be rapidly decomposed and the molecular weight and the like will be affected.

[0015]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below based on examples. All parts of the compounding ratio are parts by weight. <Example 1> 5 parts of carbon black (trade name: # 40, manufactured by Mitsubishi Kasei Co., Ltd.) and 2,2'-azobis in a polymerizable monomer consisting of 80 parts of styrene and 20 parts of n-butyl acrylate. 5 parts of valeronitrile was added and carbon black was dispersed in the polymerizable monomer using an ultrasonic cleaner to prepare an oil phase. Next, 3 parts of tricalcium phosphate, 0.5 part of a charge control agent (trade name: T-77 manufactured by Hodogaya Chemical Co., Ltd.) consisting of a metal complex of an organic compound having a nitrogen-containing group, and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 0 After dispersing 0.05 part in a small amount of water, it was added to 240 parts of water to prepare an aqueous phase. 60 g of oil phase and 240 g of water phase thus prepared
And were added to a separable flask having a volume of 1 liter, and the mixture was mixed with a TK homomixer (made by Tokushu Kika Kogyo Co., Ltd.) at room temperature for 10 minutes.
Dispersed at 000 rpm for 1 minute. Then, the monomer composition was granulated and polymerized under the conditions of 80 ° C. and 5 hours while stirring so that the droplets did not precipitate. After cooling the polymer particles obtained above, tricalcium phosphate on the surface of the polymer particles was removed with dilute nitric acid, washed with water until the washing liquid became neutral, filtered, and dried to obtain a polymerized toner according to the present invention. .

Example 2 A polymerized toner according to the present invention was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of the charge control agent added in the aqueous phase was changed to 1 part.

Example 3 A polymerized toner according to the present invention was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 20 parts of magnetic powder (trade name: BL-100 manufactured by Titanium Industry Co., Ltd.) was added to the oil phase.

<Example 4> The aqueous phase and the oil phase obtained in Example 1 were placed in the aqueous phase tank 1 and the oil phase tank 2 shown in FIG. 1, respectively.
Next, the flow rate of the water phase is 300 ml / min and the flow rate of the oil phase is 100 ml.
It was supplied to the granulator 5 at a flow rate of / min for 10 minutes. The granulator 5 has a rotating part with a diameter of 50 mm,
The mixed liquid of the water phase and the oil phase was stirred under the condition of 00 rpm. The dispersion liquid that passed through the granulator 5 was introduced into the polymerization tank 3 shown in FIG. 1 while being stirred at 300 rpm with a turbine-type stirring blade, and reacted for 8 hours to obtain polymer particles. After cooling the polymer particles obtained above, tricalcium phosphate on the surface of the polymer particles was removed with dilute nitric acid, washed with water until the washing liquid became neutral, filtered, and dried to obtain a polymerized toner according to the present invention. .

<Example 5> In Example 1, 5 parts of calcium carbonate (trade name: Tamapearl PT- # 200 manufactured by Okutama Kogyo Co., Ltd.) and a charge control agent (produced by Hodogaya Chemical Co., Ltd.) were used instead of 3 parts of tricalcium phosphate. (Product name: T-77)
Polymerization according to the present invention in the same manner except that 2 parts of a charge control agent (trade name: S-44 manufactured by Orient Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), which is a metal complex of an organic compound having a nitrogen-containing group, is added instead of 0.5 part. Toner was obtained. The calcium carbonate was washed from the surface of the polymer particles with dilute nitric acid as in Example 1.

Example 6 5 parts of carbon black (manufactured by Mitsubishi Kasei Co., Ltd., trade name: # 40) in a polymerizable monomer consisting of 80 parts of styrene and 20 parts of n-butyl acrylate,
An oil phase was prepared by adding 5 parts of 2,2′-azobisvaleronitrile and dispersing carbon black in the polymerizable monomer using an ultrasonic cleaner. Next, water: methanol is 50:
To 240 parts of a mixed solution of 50, 5 parts of hydrophobic silica (trade name: R-972 manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) and a charge control agent composed of a metal complex of an organic compound having a nitrogen-containing group (trade name manufactured by Orient Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. : S-44) 2 parts were added to prepare an aqueous phase. The oil phase and the aqueous phase thus prepared were added to a separable flask having a volume of 1 liter, and TK was added at room temperature.
10,000 using a homomixer (made by Tokushu Kika Kogyo Co., Ltd.)
Disperse at rpm for 1 minute. Then, the monomer composition was granulated and polymerized under the conditions of 80 ° C. for 5 hours while stirring to such an extent that droplets would not settle to obtain a polymerized toner according to the present invention.

<Example 7> A charge control agent comprising a metal complex of an organic compound having a nitrogen-containing group (manufactured by Hodogaya Chemical Co., Ltd.)
Only 0.5 part of trade name: T-77) was added to 240 parts of water, and mixed by stirring to prepare an aqueous phase. Thereafter, a polymerized toner according to the present invention was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the step of removing tricalcium phosphate with dilute nitric acid.

<Comparative Example 1> Comparison was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 0.5 parts of the charge control agent was added to the oil phase instead of being added to the water phase, and then granulated together with the water phase. A polymerized toner for use was obtained.

<Comparative Example 2> A comparison was made in the same manner as in Example 3, except that 0.5 parts of the charge control agent was added to the oil phase instead of being added to the water phase, and then granulated together with the water phase. A polymerized toner for use was obtained.

Next, 5 parts of each of the polymerized toners obtained in Example 1, Example 2 and Comparative Example 1 and 95 parts of a carrier (trade name: DFC-200 S-3, manufactured by Dowa Iron Powder Co., Ltd.) are used. V
The mixture was stirred and mixed at 60 rpm using a blender. In this case, when the stirring time is 0.5 minutes, 1 minute, 1.5 minutes, 2 minutes, 5 minutes and 10 minutes, the triboelectric charge amount of the polymerized toner is measured with a blow-off charge amount measuring device (manufactured by Toshiba Chemical Co.). The transition of the triboelectric charge amount of the polymerized toner over time was evaluated, and the results are shown in FIG. Further, the polymerized toners of Example 3 and Comparative Example 2 were mixed with the carrier without changing the V value under the above conditions.
The triboelectric charge amount was measured using a blender, and the result is shown in FIG. As is clear from FIGS. 3 and 4, it was confirmed that the polymerized toners of Examples 1 to 3 had a large triboelectrification amount in a short time and the triboelectrification amount rises quickly. On the other hand, it was confirmed that the polymerized toners of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 did not increase the triboelectric charge amount in a short time and the rise of the triboelectric charge amount was inferior.

Further, 5 parts of each of the polymerized toners obtained in Example 1, Example 2, Example 4, Example 5, Example 6, Example 7 and Comparative Example 1 and a carrier (Dowa Iron Powder Co., Ltd.) 95% of trade name: DFC-200 S-3) was mixed with stirring using a V blender at 60 rpm for 30 minutes to prepare a developer. Further, the polymerized toners of Example 3 and Comparative Example 2 were not mixed with the carrier and were stirred as they were under the above conditions using the V blender. Next, the charge amount distribution of the polymerized toner in each developer obtained above was measured by a charge amount distribution meter (trade name: manufactured by PES Co., Ltd .:
q-MATER) and the results are shown in FIGS. As is clear from FIGS. 5 to 13, the charge amount distributions of the polymerized toners of Examples 1 to 7 are such that all the toner particles have a charging property on the negative side and the distribution is sharp.
It was confirmed that many toner particles having a uniform triboelectric charge distribution were present. On the other hand, it was confirmed that in the charge amount distributions of the polymerized toners of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, there were some toner particles having a positive chargeability, and the distribution was broad. It was confirmed that the polymerized toner of Example 4 had a sharper charge amount distribution than the polymerized toner of Example 1.

Further, 5 parts of each of the polymerized toners of Examples 1 to 7 obtained above and 95 parts of a carrier (trade name: DFC-200 S-3, manufactured by Dowa Iron Powder Co., Ltd.) were used in a V blender. After stirring and mixing at 60 rpm for 30 minutes to prepare a developer, continuous copying of up to 10,000 sheets was performed using the developer with a commercially available copying machine (trade name: JX-9700 manufactured by Sharp Corporation). As a result, it was confirmed that practically problem-free development characteristics having sufficient image density without problems such as background fog and toner scattering were obtained.

[0027]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, polymerized toner having a rapid rise in triboelectric charge amount can be obtained, and toner particles having a sharp triboelectric charge amount distribution and insufficient triboelectric charge amount or toner particles having opposite polarity are produced. A difficult polymerized toner is obtained. Therefore, a polymerized toner having excellent developing characteristics can be obtained as a toner for electrophotography without problems such as background fog and toner scattering.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an example of a polymerization apparatus used in the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a granulator used in the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing changes in the triboelectric charge amount of polymerized toner in Examples 1, 2 and Comparative Example 1.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing changes in the triboelectric charge amount of polymerized toner in Example 3 and Comparative Example 2.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a charge amount distribution of polymerized toner in Example 1.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a charge amount distribution of polymerized toner in Example 2.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a charge amount distribution of polymerized toner in Example 3.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a charge amount distribution of polymerized toner in Example 4.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a charge amount distribution of polymerized toner in Example 5.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a charge amount distribution of polymerized toner in Example 6.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a charge amount distribution of polymerized toner in Example 7.

12 is a diagram showing a charge amount distribution of polymerized toner in Comparative Example 1. FIG.

13 is a diagram showing a charge amount distribution of polymerized toner in Comparative Example 2. FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Water Phase Tank 2 Oil Phase Tank 3 Polymerization Tank 4 Metering Pump 5 Granulator 6 Condenser 7 Heating Jacket 8 Rotating Shaft 9 Dispersion Discharge Port 10 Stirrer Blade 11 Shear Area 12 Emission Control Gap 13 Water Phase Supply Port 14 Oil phase supply port

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Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. An oil phase obtained by dispersing at least a polymerizable monomer, a colorant, and a polymerization initiator into an aqueous phase in which a charge control agent is dispersed is added for granulation. Method for producing polymerized toner. 2. The charge control agent is a metal complex of an organic compound having a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid ester or a nitrogen-containing group, or a metal-containing dye of an organic compound having a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid ester or a nitrogen-containing group. The method for producing a polymerized toner according to claim 1, which is characterized in that. 3. An oil phase obtained by dispersing at least a polymerizable monomer, a colorant and a polymerization initiator into an aqueous phase in which a charge control agent and a suspension stabilizer are dispersed, and granulating. A method for producing a polymerized toner, comprising: 4. The charge control agent is a metal complex of an organic compound having a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid ester or a nitrogen-containing group, or a metal-containing dye of an organic compound having a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid ester or a nitrogen-containing group. The method for producing a polymerized toner according to claim 3, which is characterized in that. 5. The method for producing a polymerized toner according to claim 3, wherein the suspension stabilizer is a solid fine powder. 6. The method for producing a polymerized toner according to claim 5, wherein the solid fine powder is tricalcium phosphate or calcium carbonate. 7. An aqueous phase in which a charge control agent is dispersed and an oil phase obtained by dispersing at least a polymerizable monomer, a colorant and a polymerization initiator are held in independent tanks, and respectively. A step of continuously supplying both to a granulator at a controlled ratio through independent paths to obtain a suspension having polymerizable droplet groups of a desired size, and a step of suspending the suspension from the granulator. A process for producing a polymerized toner, which comprises a step of taking out the liquid and introducing it into a polymerization tank to complete a polymerization reaction to obtain polymer particles. 8. The charge control agent is a metal complex of an organic compound having a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid ester or a nitrogen-containing group, or a metal-containing dye of an organic compound having a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid ester or a nitrogen-containing group. The method for producing a polymerized toner according to claim 7, which is characterized in that. 9. An aqueous phase in which a charge control agent and a suspension stabilizer are dispersed and an oil phase obtained by dispersing at least a polymerizable monomer, a colorant and a polymerization initiator in separate tanks. Hold and
And a step of continuously supplying both to the granulator at a controlled ratio through independent paths to obtain a suspension having polymerizable droplet groups of a desired size, and A method for producing a polymerized toner, comprising the steps of taking out a suspension and introducing it into a polymerization tank to complete a polymerization reaction to obtain polymer particles. 10. The charge control agent is a metal complex of an organic compound having a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid ester or a nitrogen-containing group, or a metal-containing dye of an organic compound having a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid ester or a nitrogen-containing group. The method for producing a polymerized toner according to claim 9, which is characterized in that. 11. The method for producing a polymerized toner according to claim 9, wherein the suspension stabilizer is a solid fine powder. 12. The solid fine powder is tricalcium phosphate or calcium carbonate.
A method for producing a polymerized toner as described above.