JPH07218905A - Display element and display device using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] In a display device in which a liquid crystal and a polymer are oriented and dispersed to each other, the black level in black display when no voltage is applied is further submerged to enhance the contrast. [Structure] A polarizing plate is combined in a display element in which a liquid crystal and a polymer are oriented and dispersed. [Effect] Even without using a dichroic dye, black display when no voltage was applied could be sunk, and the contrast could be increased. Further, since it is not necessary to add a dye, the reliability of the display element can be improved, and it has become possible to manufacture a highly reliable large capacity display device in combination with the active element.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

The present invention relates to a computer display, a television screen, an electric device operation screen, a game screen,
The present invention relates to a configuration of a display element used for an information terminal such as a notice board.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, research and development have been actively conducted to reduce the size and weight of information devices such as computers. In particular, in applications such as electronic notebooks where power consumption must be suppressed as much as possible, a bright reflective display that does not use a backlight is required as a display to be used. Therefore, for such applications, a guest-host liquid crystal combined with a color filter or an active element (1
1981 National Conference of Television Society, Proceedings 141 pages, etc.) and a large capacity display by combining a composite layer of liquid crystal and polymer with an active element have been developed.
Particularly in the latter case, a display device having a structure in which a liquid crystal and a polymer are oriented and dispersed with each other has been developed (e.g., Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-119302). In particular, when a dichroic dye is mixed in the liquid crystal, the same brightness as white paper is obtained. Display is now possible.

[0003]

However, in the prior art described above, it is not possible to mix a large amount of dichroic dye with the liquid crystal, so that when displaying black, sufficient black cannot be displayed. There was a problem that the contrast was not so good. In particular, when a reflective layer is arranged on the back surface, there is a problem that the incident light is reflected and the display is glaring. In addition, since the dichroic dye is mixed, the specific resistance of the liquid crystal decreases over a long period of time, and when combined with a TFT element or a MIM element, the charge retention rate decreases and the brightness decreases. Had.

Therefore, the present invention is intended to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to achieve a sufficient black display without mixing a dichroic dye, which is a highly reliable display. It is in the area of providing elements.

[0005]

The display device of the present invention is a display device in which a layer in which a liquid crystal and a polymer are oriented and dispersed is arranged between two substrates which may have electrodes, and at least the liquid crystal The polarizing layer is disposed on the display side of the layer in which the polymer and the polymer are oriented and dispersed.

Further, a polarizing layer is arranged on the back side of the layer in which the liquid crystal and the polymer are oriented and dispersed.

A reflective layer is arranged on the back side of the layer in which the liquid crystal and the polymer are aligned and dispersed.

A wavelength correction layer is arranged on the front side or the back side of the layer in which the liquid crystal and the polymer are aligned and dispersed.

Further, the layer in which the liquid crystal and the polymer are aligned and dispersed is twisted in the thickness direction of the display element, and preferably twisted by an integral multiple of about 90 degrees.

Further, the substrate surface is subjected to non-glare treatment and / or anti-reflection treatment.

A color filter is formed on the substrate.

Further, in the display device using the plurality of display elements shown above, the plurality of display elements are driven by the active element group.

Further, the display element and the display device using the display element are combined with a front light.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples.

[0015]

【Example】

(Example 1) In this example, a polarizing layer is arranged on the front side of a layer in which liquid crystals and polymers are aligned and dispersed, and a reflective layer is arranged on the back side. FIG. 1 shows a simple example 1 of the display device of this embodiment.
A partial sectional view is shown. First, an empty panel for enclosing the liquid crystal will be described. The transparent electrode 2 was formed on the substrate 1 and its surface was subjected to orientation treatment. A reflective electrode 7 was formed on the substrate 8 and its surface was subjected to orientation treatment. The electrode surfaces of these two substrates were faced to each other and the periphery of the substrates was bonded with a gap of 3 μm maintained. At this time, the two substrates were combined so that the orientation treatment directions applied to the two substrates were twisted by 200 degrees. Next, the liquid crystal material sealed in the empty panel will be described. 98% by weight of TL202 manufactured by Merck Ltd. as a liquid crystal and 2% by weight of CB15 manufactured by Merck Ltd. as a chiral component were mixed together to obtain a 100% by weight chiral liquid crystal. 7% by weight of biphenyl methacrylate as a polymer precursor was mixed with 93% by weight of the chiral liquid crystal, and the mixture was sealed in the empty panel described above. Ultraviolet rays (300 nm to 400 nm, 3.
The polymer precursor was polymerized by irradiation with 5 mW / cm2).
Further, a non-glare antireflection reflection polarizing plate 11 was attached to the panel surface to complete a display element.

The electro-optical characteristics of the display device thus manufactured were measured. The measurement method will be described. White light was made incident from a direction inclined by 20 degrees with respect to the normal line of the display element surface, and the reflected light intensity was measured by a photomultiplier tube arranged in the normal line direction. At this time, the reflectance when a white paper is placed instead of the display element is 100%. According to this, the reflectance was 1% when no electric field was applied. By applying an electric field, the liquid crystal was vertically aligned, and light scattering was caused between the liquid crystal and the polymer, so that white display could be performed. The display device manufactured in this manner was able to display a relatively low amount of information such as a display portion of a clock or an electronic device.

The birefringence (Δn) of the liquid crystal used here is related to the thickness of the liquid crystal layer. That is, the liquid crystal and panel conditions used in this embodiment are those of the TN-ECB mode known in the liquid crystal field, and ideally a twist angle of 63 degrees or 2
The ideal Δn is 0.088 and 0.25, and the ideal liquid crystal layer thicknesses are 2.3 μm and 2.2 μm, respectively. In addition to this, in this embodiment, since scattering is caused by increasing the mismatch between the refractive index of the liquid crystal and the polymer when an electric field is applied, it is necessary to increase Δn of the liquid crystal. Therefore, it is desirable that the liquid crystal has Δn of 0.25 with a twist of 200 degrees. Of course, even if it deviates from such a condition, the similar effect can be obtained if it is close to this condition. For example, when the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is set to 5 μm in order to increase the light scattering when an electric field is applied, if Δn of the liquid crystal is set to 0.2 and the twist angle is set to 320 degrees, the display will be considerably displayed when no electric field is applied. Can be black. If necessary, a wavelength correction plate can be inserted to further darken the display. Also, the display itself can be colored. As a skeleton of the liquid crystal, it is necessary to use a highly reliable one when a display element is combined with an active element. For example, TL202, T manufactured by Merck & Co., Inc.
It is preferable to use a chlorine-based biphenyl liquid crystal represented by L205 or the like. For other applications, liquid crystal having any skeleton may be used as long as the birefringence is satisfied. For example

[0018]

[Chemical 1]

[0019]

[Chemical 2]

[0020]

[Chemical 3]

[0021]

[Chemical 4]

[0022]

[Chemical 5]

[0023]

[Chemical 6]

[0024]

[Chemical 7]

[0025]

[Chemical 8]

A liquid crystal containing a compound such as can be used. Here, R is an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkoxy group or a cycloalkoxy group, R1 is an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, hydrogen or fluorine, X is a cyano group,
Halogen group, hydrogen or nitro group, n is an integer.

The chiral component to be used may be an appropriate amount that can orient the liquid crystal under the conditions shown above.
For example, Merck S811, R811, S1011,
R1011, C15, CE2, and other CM series manufactured by Chisso Co., CNL series manufactured by Asahi Denka Co., Ltd., and the like can be used.

As the polymer to be used, any polymer can be used as long as it can be polymerized in the liquid crystal by light, electron beam, heat or the like and has a mesogen with large birefringence. For example, acrylate, methacrylate, crotonate, cinnamate, epoxy, etc. can be used for the polymerized portion, and phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, quarterphenyl, etc. can be used for the mesogenic portion. In order to improve birefringence and compatibility, a suitable substituent may be introduced into this. In particular, the polymer formed by the precursor in which the polymerized portion and the mesogenic portion are directly bonded tends to be in the form of particles, and the precursor in which the polymerized portion and the mesogenic portion are connected by a spacer such as an alkyl chain or polymerized in one molecule The polymer formed by the precursor having a plurality of parts is likely to have a gel network shape. As an example of the former

[0029]

[Chemical 9]

[0030]

[Chemical 10]

[0031]

[Chemical 11]

[0032]

[Chemical 12]

[0033]

[Chemical 13]

[0034]

[Chemical 14]

[0035]

[Chemical 15]

[0036]

[Chemical 16]

And the like can be used. Where R,
R'is each independently H or CH3. B,
B'and B "are independent of each other and are OCO, COO, OCO
NH, NHCOO, CONH, NHCO, -C≡C-,
It is selected from various alkyls, O, N and S. A1, A
2 independently includes an aromatic ring. For example, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, quarterphenyl, naphthalene, anthracene and the like, which may be substituted with 1 part halogen, alkyl group, cyano group and the like.

As the latter example, of the above-mentioned monomers, bifunctional ones or those having a structure having a spacer such as an alkyl group between the polymerized portion and the mesogenic portion can be used. Is Philips C6H, Toagosei Co. Aronix and Reseda macromonomer, Nippon Kayaku KAYARAD and KAYAME
R, San Nopco Nopcomer, SICOMET and Photomer, Tohto Kasei Epotote, Neotote, Toprene and Duptote, Yuka Shell Co. Epicoat, Asahi Denka Adeka Resin, Adeka Optimer and Adeka Opton, Three Bond Co. 220
Products such as 0 series, Lipoxy and Spyrac manufactured by Showa High Polymer Co., Ltd., and Nippon Polyurethane can be used. One part of these monomers may be mixed with the former (example where the polymer is in the form of particles) and used.

Regarding the alignment treatment, the polyimide alignment film was formed and the surface thereof was rubbed here, but another alignment film may be formed and rubbed. Rubbing may be performed without forming the alignment film. An LB film or an oblique vapor deposition film may be used.

Although aluminum is used here as the material of the reflective electrode 7, aluminum-magnesium alloy, aluminum-silicon alloy, other aluminum alloy,
A metal having a high reflectance such as chromium, a chromium alloy, silver, a silver alloy, nickel, or a nickel alloy can be used. Alternatively, a transparent electrode may be formed in advance and a reflective layer may be formed on the back side thereof. In this case, in addition to the materials mentioned above, a dielectric mirror or the like can be used.

In this embodiment, the surface of the display element is subjected to the non-glare treatment and the antireflection treatment, but it is not always necessary to perform these treatments, and it is possible to perform the display without the treatment.

(Comparative Example 1) Here, in Example 1,
An example in which a dichroic dye is mixed in liquid crystal without using a polarizing plate will be shown. As the liquid crystal, TL205 manufactured by Merck & Co., Inc. was used.
7 wt%, M137 0.43 wt% (all manufactured by Mitsui Toatsu Dyes Co., Ltd.), R1011 0.8 wt% (Merck)
And 7% by weight of biphenyl methacrylate was mixed as a polymer precursor. An empty panel enclosing this liquid crystal / polymer precursor mixture will be described. Similar to Example 1, the electrodes and the substrate subjected to the alignment treatment were combined so that the alignment treatment directions were 90 degrees with each other, and the periphery was adhered. The above-mentioned liquid crystal / polymer precursor was enclosed in this empty panel, and ultraviolet rays were irradiated in the liquid crystal phase to polymerize the polymer precursor. The reflectance of the display element thus manufactured when no electric field is applied is shown in Example 1.
It was 7% when measured in the same manner as.

(Embodiment 2) In this embodiment, a plurality of Embodiments 1
An example of a display device in which the above display element and the active element group are combined is shown. FIG. 2 shows a simple partial sectional view of the display device of this embodiment. 640 × 480 MIM elements were formed on the substrate 8 and the reflective electrode group 7 was further formed on the surface of the substrate 8 for orientation treatment. This substrate and the substrate 1 on which the transparent electrode group 2 has been formed and subjected to the alignment treatment are arranged so that the electrode surfaces face each other and the gap 3
It was fixed at μm. After this, a display device was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1. Further, this display device has an SED1781 on the common side and an S on the segment side as a driver for driving MIM.
ED1760 (both manufactured by Seiko Epson) is TAB
Alternatively, they were connected using a COG, and these drivers were connected to a controller circuit and driven to display a computer screen. As a result, 640 × 480 pixels could be driven independently. Of course, the number of pixels is not limited to this. Also, a TV screen or the like can be displayed.

Here, the MIM element is used as the active element, but MIM elements, TFT elements, transistors, ferroelectric elements and the like having other configurations can be used.
Further, the active element may be formed on the substrate 1 side.

(Embodiment 3) In this embodiment, a plurality of Embodiments 1
An example of a display device in which the above display element and a TFT element as an active element group are combined is shown. FIG. 3 shows a simple partial sectional view of the display device of this embodiment. 640 on board 8
× 480 TFT elements were formed, the reflective electrode group 7 was further formed, and the surface was subjected to orientation treatment. This substrate and the substrate 1 on which the transparent electrode 2 was formed and subjected to the alignment treatment were fixed with the electrode surfaces facing each other with a gap of 3 μm. After this, Example 1
A display device was manufactured in the same manner as in. In addition, T
FT driving drivers were connected using TAB or COG, and these drivers were connected to a controller circuit and driven to display a computer screen. This gives 6
It was possible to drive 40 × 480 pixels independently. Of course, the number of pixels is not limited to this. Also, a TV screen or the like can be displayed.

Although an amorphous silicon TFT element is used as the active element here, a TFT element, a transistor, a ferroelectric element or the like having another structure can be used. Further, the active element may be formed on the substrate 1 side.

(Embodiment 4) In this embodiment, an example in which the display element of Embodiment 1 is combined with a color filter is shown. FIG. 4 shows a simple sectional view of the display device of this embodiment. The color filter 10 is formed on the substrate 1 and further the transparent electrode 2 is formed.
Was formed, and the surface was subjected to orientation treatment. The substrate 8 side was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, and the substrates were bonded together in the same manner as in Example 1. The same as in Example 1 below. The color filter used here is an additive color mixture system of red, blue, and green, but other color combinations may be used.

The display device manufactured in this manner was able to display information of a relatively low capacity such as a display portion of a watch or an electronic device in color.

The color filter may be formed at the interface between the electrode 2 and the liquid crystal. It may also be on the reflective electrode 7.

(Embodiment 5) In this embodiment, an example in which a color filter is combined with the display device of Embodiment 2 is shown. FIG. 5 shows a simple sectional view of the display device of this embodiment. The color filter 10 is formed on the substrate 1 and further the transparent electrode 2 is formed.
Was formed, and the surface was subjected to orientation treatment. The substrate 8 side was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 2, and the substrates were bonded together in the same manner as in Example 2. The same as in Example 2 below. The color filter used here is an additive color mixture system of red, blue, and green, but other color combinations may be used.

The display device thus manufactured was capable of displaying a computer screen in color and a television screen in full color.

The place where the color filter is formed may be the interface between the electrode 2 and the liquid crystal. It may also be on the reflective electrode 7.

(Embodiment 6) In this embodiment, an example in which a color filter is combined with the display device of Embodiment 3 is shown. FIG. 6 shows a simple sectional view of the display device of this embodiment. The color filter 10 is formed on the substrate 1 and further the transparent electrode 2 is formed.
Was formed, and the surface was subjected to orientation treatment. The substrate 8 side was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 3, and the substrates were bonded together in the same manner as in Example 3. The same as in Example 3 below. The color filter used here is an additive color mixture system of red, blue, and green, but other color combinations may be used.

The display device thus manufactured was capable of displaying a computer screen in color and a television screen in full color.

The color filter may be formed at the interface between the electrode 2 and the liquid crystal. It may also be on the reflective electrode 7.

(Embodiment 7) This embodiment shows an example in which a polarizing layer is arranged on the front side of a layer in which liquid crystals and polymers are aligned and dispersed, and further a polarizing layer and a reflecting layer are arranged on the back side. FIG. 7 shows a simple partial sectional view of the display device of this example. First, an empty panel for enclosing the liquid crystal will be described. Transparent electrode 2 on substrate 1
Was formed and its surface was subjected to orientation treatment. The transparent electrode 7 was formed on the substrate 8 and its surface was subjected to orientation treatment. The electrode surfaces of these two substrates were faced to each other and the periphery of the substrates was bonded with a gap of 5 μm maintained. At this time, the two substrates were combined so that the orientation treatment directions applied to the two substrates were twisted by 90 degrees. Next, the liquid crystal material sealed in the empty panel will be described. 98% by weight of TL205 manufactured by Merck Co., Ltd. as a liquid crystal and 2 CNL611 manufactured by Asahi Denka Co., Ltd. as a chiral component.
The weight percents were mixed with each other to give a 100 weight percent chiral liquid crystal. 97% by weight of this chiral liquid crystal was mixed with 3% by weight of C6H manufactured by Philips Corporation as a polymer precursor, and the mixture was sealed in the above-mentioned empty panel. Ultraviolet rays in the liquid crystal phase (300 nm ~
The polymer precursor was polymerized by irradiation with 400 nm and 3.5 mW / cm2). Further, a polarizing plate 11 subjected to a non-glare antireflection treatment was attached to the panel surface, and a reflective layer 9 and a polarizing plate 11 were attached to the back side to complete a display element.

The electro-optical characteristics of the display element thus manufactured were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. According to this, the reflectance was 1% when no electric field was applied. By applying an electric field, the liquid crystal was vertically aligned, and light scattering was caused between the liquid crystal and the polymer, so that white display could be performed. The display device manufactured in this manner was able to display a relatively low amount of information such as a display portion of a clock or an electronic device.

The larger the birefringence (Δn) of the liquid crystal used here, the better. The skeleton of liquid crystal needs to have high reliability when a display element is combined with an active element, and liquid crystal containing a compound as described in Example 1 can be used. Commercial products include TL manufactured by Merck & Co., Inc.
Chlorine-based biphenyl liquid crystal represented by 202, TL205, or the like is preferably used. For other purposes, liquid crystal having any skeleton may be used.

Although the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is 5 μm here,
It is not limited to this. However, the twisted state of the liquid crystal layer is 90.
Degrees, 270 degrees, 450 degrees, etc., ie 90 + 180 ×
It must be determined together with the type and mixing amount of the chiral component so as to satisfy n (n is a positive integer). Of course, a slight deviation from this condition is still effective.

As the chiral component to be used, an appropriate amount may be used that can orient the liquid crystal under the conditions shown above.
For example, Merck S811, R811, S1011,
R1011, C15, CE2, and other CM series manufactured by Chisso Co., CNL series manufactured by Asahi Denka Co., Ltd., and the like can be used.

As the polymer used and the orientation treatment, those shown in Example 1 can be used.

(Embodiment 8) In this embodiment, a plurality of Embodiments 7 are used.
An example in which a display device was manufactured by combining the display element of 1) with an active element group, in particular, an MIM element was shown. FIG. 8 shows a simple partial sectional view of the display device of the present embodiment. 6 on board 8
40 × 480 MIM elements were formed, transparent electrode group 7 was further formed, and the surface was subjected to orientation treatment. This board,
The substrate 1 on which the transparent electrode group 2 was formed and subjected to the alignment treatment was fixed with a gap of 6 μm with the electrode surfaces facing each other. After this, a display device was produced in the same manner as in Example 7. Furthermore, this display device has a SED17 on the common side as a driver for driving MIM.
81, SED1760 (both manufactured by Seiko Epson Corp.) was connected to the segment side using TAB or COG, and these drivers were connected to a controller circuit and driven to display a computer screen. This gives 640
The x480 pixels could be driven independently.
Of course, the number of pixels is not limited to this. Also, a TV screen or the like can be displayed.

Although the MIM element is used as the active element here, it is possible to use an MIM element, a TFT element, a transistor, a ferroelectric element or the like having another structure.
Further, the active element may be formed on the substrate 1 side.

(Embodiment 9) In this embodiment, a plurality of Embodiments 7 are used.
An example of a display device in which the above display element and a TFT element as an active element group are combined is shown. FIG. 9 shows a simple partial sectional view of the display device of the present embodiment. 640 on board 8
A transparent electrode group 7 is formed by forming × 480 TFT elements.
Was formed and the surface was subjected to orientation treatment. This substrate and the substrate 1 on which the transparent electrode 2 was formed and subjected to orientation treatment were fixed with the electrode surfaces facing each other with a gap of 4 μm. After this, a display device was produced in the same manner as in Example 7. Furthermore, TF is added to this display device.
T drive drivers were connected using TAB or COG, and these drivers were connected to a controller circuit and driven to display a computer screen. This gives 64
It was possible to drive 0x480 pixels independently. Of course, the number of pixels is not limited to this. Also, a TV screen or the like can be displayed.

Although an amorphous silicon TFT element is used as an active element here, a TFT element, a transistor, a ferroelectric element or the like having another structure can be used. Further, the active element may be formed on the substrate 1 side.

(Embodiment 10) In this embodiment, an example in which the display element of Embodiment 7 is combined with a color filter is shown.
FIG. 10 shows a simple sectional view of the display device of this example.
The color filter 10 was formed on the substrate 1, the transparent electrode 2 was further formed, and the surface of the transparent electrode 2 was oriented. The substrate 8 side was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 7, and the substrates were bonded together in the same manner as in Example 7. The same as in Example 7 below. The color filter used here is an additive color mixture system of red, blue, and green, but other color combinations may be used.

The display device manufactured in this manner was able to display in color a relatively low capacity information such as a display portion of a watch or an electronic device.

The color filter may be formed at the interface between the electrode 2 and the liquid crystal. It may also be on the substrate 8 side.

(Embodiment 11) In this embodiment, an example in which a color filter is combined with the display element of Embodiment 8 is shown.
FIG. 11 shows a simple sectional view of the display device of this example.
The color filter 10 was formed on the substrate 1, the transparent electrode 2 was further formed, and the surface of the transparent electrode 2 was oriented. The substrate 8 side was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 8, and the substrates were bonded together in the same manner as in Example 8. The same as in Example 8 below. The color filter used here is an additive color mixture system of red, blue, and green, but other color combinations may be used.

The display device thus manufactured was capable of displaying a computer screen in color and a television screen in full color.

The color filter may be formed at the interface between the electrode 2 and the liquid crystal. It may also be on the substrate 8 side.

(Embodiment 12) In this embodiment, an example in which a color filter is combined with the display device of Embodiment 9 is shown.
FIG. 12 shows a simple sectional view of the display device of this example.
The color filter 10 was formed on the substrate 1, the transparent electrode 2 was further formed, and the surface of the transparent electrode 2 was oriented. The substrate 8 side was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 9, and the substrates were bonded together in the same manner as in Example 9. The same as in Example 9 below. The color filter used here is an additive color mixture system of red, blue, and green, but other color combinations may be used.

The display device manufactured as described above could display a computer screen in color and a television screen in full color.

The color filter may be formed at the interface between the electrode 2 and the liquid crystal. It may also be on the substrate 8 side.

Although the embodiments have been described above, in all the embodiments, by combining the front lights, it is possible to see the display sufficiently brightly even in a dark environment.

[0076]

As described above, according to the present invention, in a display device in which a liquid crystal and a polymer are aligned and dispersed with each other, by combining a polarizing plate, the contrast can be sufficiently improved without using a dichroic dye. Became. As a result, the reliability of the display device can be improved, and it has become possible to manufacture a highly reliable monochrome or color large-capacity display device having a high contrast in combination with an active device and a color filter.

Further, the contrast can be further improved by adding a dichroic dye, if necessary.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a simple partial cross section of a display element according to a first exemplary embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a simple partial cross section of a display element in Example 2;

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a simple partial cross section of a display element in Example 3;

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a simple partial cross section of a display element in Example 4;

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a simple partial cross section of a display element in Example 5;

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a simple partial cross section of a display element in Example 6;

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a simple partial cross section of a display element in Example 7;

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a simple partial cross section of a display element in Example 8;

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a simple partial cross section of a display element in Example 9;

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a simple partial cross section of a display element in Example 10;

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a simple partial cross section of a display element in Example 11;

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a simple partial cross section of a display element in Example 12;

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Substrate 2 Electrode 3 Liquid Crystal / Polymer Layer 7 Electrode 8 Substrate 9 Reflective Layer 10 Color Filter 11 Polarizing Layer 12 Insulating Layer 13 Signal Electrode 14 Source Electrode 15 Gate Electrode 16 Semiconductor Layer 17 Drain Electrode 18 Gate Insulating Layer

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Hidehito Iizaka 3-3-5 Yamato, Suwa City, Nagano Seiko Epson Corporation

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A display device in which a layer in which a liquid crystal and a polymer are oriented and dispersed is arranged between two substrates which may have electrodes, and at least the display side of the layer in which the liquid crystal and the polymer are oriented and dispersed. A display element characterized in that a polarizing layer is disposed on the display element. 2. A display device according to claim 1, wherein a polarizing layer is arranged on the back side of the layer in which the liquid crystal and the polymer are aligned and dispersed. 3. The display element according to claim 1, wherein a reflective layer is arranged on the back side of the layer in which the liquid crystal and the polymer are aligned and dispersed. 4. The display device according to claim 1, wherein a wavelength correction layer is arranged on the front side or the back side of the layer in which the liquid crystal and the polymer are aligned and dispersed. 5. The display element according to claim 1, wherein the layer in which the liquid crystal and the polymer are aligned and dispersed is twisted by approximately 63 degrees or 200 degrees in the thickness direction of the display element. 6. The display element according to claim 1, wherein the layer in which the liquid crystal and the polymer are aligned and dispersed is twisted in the thickness direction of the display element by a positive multiple of approximately 90 degrees. 7. A non-glare treatment is applied to the surface of the substrate, and / or
Alternatively, the display element according to claim 1, which is subjected to antireflection treatment. 8. The display device according to claim 1, wherein a color filter is formed on the substrate. 9. A display device using a display element according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of display elements according to claim 1 are driven by an active element group. 10. The display device using a display element according to claim 1, wherein the display element and a display device using the display element are combined with a front light.