JPH07243779A - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To contrive the reduction of an installation space while increasing a resistance to leakage of radioactive materials by a method wherein a primary heat transfer tube, whose intermediate part of double structural tube is arranged in a heat exchanger main body and whose internal tube is communicated with a fusion reactor main body, and a tertiary heat transfer tube, whose intermediate unit is arranged in the heat exchanger main body and communicated with tertiary cooling body, are provided in the heat exchanger. CONSTITUTION:A primary heat transfer tube 15, communicated with a fusion reactor main body 1 and having a double structure, and a tertiary heat transfer tube 16 of single tube structure, which is communicated with the sea 13, are arranged in a heat exchanger main body 14, arranged in a shield structural body 4 together with the fusion reactor main body 1. The inner tube 17 of the double structural tube of the primary heat transfer tube 15 is connected to the fusion reactor main body 1 through pipelines 6, 7 and a pipeline 20 for conducting helium gas into an annulus forming member 19 is connected to the external tube 18 while a helium gas circulating machine 21 and a moisture and radioactive ray detector 22 are connected to the pipeline 20. Furthermore, secondary pipeline 24, having a heat medium circulating pump for circulating heat medium filled into the heat exchanger m body 14, is connected to the heat exchanger main body 14.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat exchanger which is highly resistant to leakage of radioactive materials to the environment and requires a small installation space.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 3 shows an example of a heat exchanger used in a fusion reactor currently being researched and developed. 1 is a fusion reactor main body, 2 is a primary heat exchanger, and 3 is a secondary heat exchanger. A heat exchanger, and the fusion reactor main body 1 and the primary heat exchanger 2 are
It is arranged inside the shielding structure 4.

The inside of the fusion reactor main body 1 and the heat transfer tube 5 of the primary heat exchanger 2 are connected to each other via a pipe line 6 and a pipe line 7,
The primary fluid system formed by the fusion reactor main body 1, the pipe 6, the heat transfer pipe 5 of the primary heat exchanger 2 and the pipe 7 is supplied with water (steam) by a primary pump not shown as a primary coolant. ) Is circulated.

The inside of the primary heat exchanger 2 and the inside of the secondary heat exchanger 3 are connected to each other via a pipe 8 and a pipe 9, and the inside of the primary heat exchanger 2 and the pipe 8 are connected to each other. In the secondary fluid system formed by the inside of the secondary heat exchanger 3 and the conduit 9, water is circulated by a secondary system pump (not shown) as a secondary coolant.

Further, the heat transfer tube 10 of the secondary heat exchanger 3 communicates with the undersea 13 via the conduit 11 and the conduit 12, and the heat transfer tube 10, conduit 12 and undersea 13 of the secondary heat exchanger 3 are connected. And pipeline 1
In the tertiary fluid system formed by 1 and 1, seawater is circulated by a tertiary system pump (not shown) as a tertiary coolant.

As described above, the heat exchanger system is divided into the primary fluid system, the secondary fluid system and the tertiary fluid system because the tritium ( ³ H) generated in the core of the fusion reactor body 1 is divided. This is because it is contained in the primary coolant and harms the living body, so that even if the heat transfer tube 5 of the primary heat exchanger 2 is damaged, the primary coolant does not flow out.

[0007]

However, since the above-mentioned nuclear fusion reactor has the primary fluid system, the secondary fluid system and the tertiary fluid system, a lot of space is required for the installation of the nuclear fusion reactor. There was a problem to say.

In view of the above-mentioned situation, the present invention provides a heat exchanger capable of reducing the installation space while improving the leakage resistance of radioactive materials to the external environment and maintaining the safety of the fusion reactor. The purpose is to do.

[0009]

According to the present invention, an intermediate portion is formed by a double structure tube in which an inner tube is covered with an outer tube via an annulus portion forming member, and the intermediate portion is arranged inside a heat exchanger body. A primary heat transfer tube having the internal pipe communicating with the fusion reactor main body, a tertiary heat transfer tube having an intermediate portion disposed inside the heat exchanger main body and communicating with a tertiary cooling body, and the heat exchange And a secondary system pipe line having a heat medium circulation pump that circulates the heat medium filled inside the container body.

[0010]

Therefore, according to the present invention, the primary coolant circulating in the primary heat transfer tube from the fusion reactor main body exchanges heat with the heat medium in the heat exchanger main body inside the heat exchanger main body. The tertiary coolant, which contributes to cooling and circulates in the tertiary heat transfer tube, exchanges heat with the heat medium in the heat exchanger body to cool the inside of the heat exchanger body, and is circulated through the secondary system pipeline by the circulation pump. The heat medium circulating inside the heat exchanger body propagates heat from the primary heat transfer tube side to the tertiary heat transfer tube side.

As described above, according to the present invention, since heat is propagated from the primary coolant to the tertiary coolant through the heat medium filled in the heat exchanger body in the heat exchanger body, it is necessary for heat exchange. Space becomes smaller.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing an outline of an embodiment of the heat exchanger of the present invention. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG. 3 are designated by the same reference numerals.

Reference numeral 14 denotes a heat exchanger main body which is arranged inside the shield structure 4 together with the fusion reactor main body 1. Inside the heat exchanger main body 14, a double structure pipe communicating with the fusion reactor main body 1 is provided. A primary heat transfer tube 15 and a tertiary heat transfer tube 16 having a single tube structure that communicates with the undersea 13 are provided.

The double-structured pipe forming the primary heat transfer pipe 15 is shown in FIG. 2, and has an inner pipe 17 and an outer pipe 18 having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the inner pipe 17. A structure in which the pipe 17 and the outer pipe 18 are coaxially arranged, and the space formed between the inner pipe 17 and the outer pipe 18 has air permeability (for example, an annulus portion forming member 19 made of a wire mesh material is interposed). Has a structure).

The inner pipe 17 is connected to the fusion reactor main body 1 through the pipes 6 and 7, and the outer pipe 18 is
A pipe line 20 for circulating helium gas is connected to the inside of the annulus portion forming member 19. Further, in the pipe line 20, a helium gas circulator 21 and a moisture / radiation detector 22 are connected.
Are connected to form a fluid loop.

Further, the tertiary heat transfer tube 16 has a conduit 11
Is connected to the underwater 13 via a pipe line 12.

Further, a secondary system pipe line 24 having a heat medium circulating pump 23 for circulating a heat medium (for example, water) filled in the heat exchanger body 14 and forming a loop.
Is connected to a predetermined position of the heat exchanger body 14.

Next, the operation will be described. The fusion reactor main body 1, the pipe 6, the inner pipe 17 of the primary heat transfer pipe 15, and the pipe 7.
In the primary fluid system formed by and, water (steam) is circulated as a primary coolant by a primary system pump (not shown) and exchanges heat with the heat medium (water) inside the heat exchanger body 14 to generate a core. It contributes to the cooling of the fusion reactor main body 1.

The tertiary heat transfer tube 1 of the heat exchanger body 14
In the tertiary fluid system formed by 6, the pipe 12, the subsea 13 and the pipe 11, seawater is circulated as a tertiary coolant by a tertiary pump (not shown), and the heat exchanger body 14
The inside of the heat exchanger is exchanged with the heat medium (water) to cool the inside of the heat exchanger body 14.

Further, the heat medium (water) circulated inside the heat exchanger main body 14 via the secondary system conduit 24 by the heat medium circulation pump 23 is transferred from the primary system heat transfer tube 15 side to the tertiary system heat transfer tube 1.
Heat is propagated to the 6 side.

Further, helium gas is circulated by a helium gas circulator 21 in the helium gas system formed by the outer pipe 18 and the pipe 20 of the primary heat transfer pipe 15 of the heat exchanger body 14.

In the unlikely event that the inner pipe 17 is damaged, the primary coolant (water) containing the radioactive substance is transferred to the outer pipe 18.
If it leaks into the annulus portion forming member 19 inside,
The moisture / radiation detector 22 detects moisture and radiation dose and determines that the inner tube 17 is damaged, and the outer tube 18 is damaged and the heat medium (water) is an annulus portion inside the outer tube 18. When the water leaks into the forming member 19, the moisture / radiation detector 22 detects the moisture and determines that the outer tube 18 is damaged.

In the present embodiment, when the primary heat transfer tube 15 connected to the fusion reactor main body 1 is damaged, the moisture / radiation detector 22 which can immediately judge the damage is provided in the primary heat transfer tube. Since the external pipe 18 in 15 is provided, the safety of the fusion reactor can be maintained, and the intermediate loop of the conventional plant can be deleted, so that the installation space can be reduced.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it goes without saying that various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

[0026]

According to the heat exchanger of the present invention, various excellent effects as described below can be obtained.

I) Since the part of the primary heat transfer tube located inside the heat exchanger body has a double tube structure in which the inner tube is covered with the outer tube through the part where the annulus portion is formed, the safety of the fusion reactor is ensured. It can retain sex.

II) Since the intermediate loop of the conventional plant can be eliminated, the installation space can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing an embodiment of a heat exchanger of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a primary heat transfer tube used in the heat exchanger of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a system diagram showing an example of a conventional heat exchanger.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Fusion Reactor Main Body 13 Undersea (Tertiary Cooling Body) 14 Heat Exchanger Main Body 15 Primary Heat Transfer Tube 16 Tertiary Heat Transfer Tube 17 Inner Tube 18 External Tube 19 Annulus Part Forming Member 23 Heat Medium Circulation Pump 24 Secondary System Pipeline

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The intermediate part is formed by a double-structured pipe in which an inner pipe is covered with an outer pipe through an annulus forming member, the intermediate part is disposed inside a heat exchanger body, and the inner pipe is a core. A primary system heat transfer tube communicating with the fusion reactor body, a tertiary system heat transfer tube having an intermediate portion disposed inside the heat exchanger body and communicating with a tertiary cooling body, and the interior of the heat exchanger body are filled. And a secondary system pipe line having a heat medium circulation pump for circulating a heat medium.