JPH0726366A - Coated cemented carbide excellent in chipping resistance - Google Patents

Coated cemented carbide excellent in chipping resistance

Info

Publication number
JPH0726366A
JPH0726366A JP19410693A JP19410693A JPH0726366A JP H0726366 A JPH0726366 A JP H0726366A JP 19410693 A JP19410693 A JP 19410693A JP 19410693 A JP19410693 A JP 19410693A JP H0726366 A JPH0726366 A JP H0726366A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
cemented carbide
coating layer
fracture resistance
coated cemented
thickness
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP19410693A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Hiroaki Inoue
洋明 井上
Yusuke Iyori
裕介 井寄
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Moldino Tool Engineering Ltd
Original Assignee
Hitachi Tool Engineering Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hitachi Tool Engineering Ltd filed Critical Hitachi Tool Engineering Ltd
Priority to JP19410693A priority Critical patent/JPH0726366A/en
Publication of JPH0726366A publication Critical patent/JPH0726366A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To produce coated cemented carbide excellent in impact resistance and wear resistance. CONSTITUTION:In cemented carbide, a coating layer is constituted of the outermost layer in which cracks shown by A to C are not present and (2) the lower coating layer in which cracks shown by A to C are present: (A) the thickness averaged on, the average crack length when measured vertically from the surface is above the lower coating thickness having cracks and not thicker than the lower coating thickness plus 5mum; (B) the average value of the crack width is regulated to <=5mum and (C) the average value of the crack distance is regulated to 10 to 200mum.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】Detailed Description of the Invention

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は切削工具、耐摩耗工具、
耐衝撃工具等に用いる衝撃荷重がかかる被覆超硬合金工
具に関する。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a cutting tool, an abrasion resistant tool,
The present invention relates to a coated cemented carbide tool which is used as an impact resistant tool and to which an impact load is applied.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】一般に超硬合金等の硬質焼結合金に硬質
被覆を化学蒸着法(CVD法)でセラミック皮膜を被覆
した被覆超硬合金は、耐摩耗性にには優れるものの衝撃
荷重が加わった場合には欠損しやすいという欠点があ
る。その理由はCVD膜に50〜150kg/mm2
引張応力が発生している為である。この問題を回避する
ために例えば特開平3−92204、特開平3−153
875、特開平4−8409に見られるように、被覆超
硬合金の被覆膜に意図的に微細クラックを導入して残留
応力を開放してから実用に供する事が知られている。ま
た微細クラックを導入する手段として特開平2−254
144などに記載されているショットピーニングによる
方法がある。またその基体は超硬のみならずサーメット
などにも有効である。(特開平3−92205)
2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a coated cemented carbide obtained by coating a hard coating on a hard sintered alloy such as cemented carbide with a ceramic coating by a chemical vapor deposition method (CVD method) has excellent wear resistance, but is subjected to an impact load. However, there is a drawback that it is easy to lose. The reason is that tensile stress is generated even in the CVD film by 50 to 150 kg / mm 2 . In order to avoid this problem, for example, JP-A-3-92204 and JP-A-3-153
875 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-84009, it is known to intentionally introduce fine cracks into a coating film of a coated cemented carbide to release residual stress and put it into practical use. Further, as means for introducing fine cracks, JP-A-2-254
There is a method by shot peening described in 144 etc. Further, the substrate is effective not only for cemented carbide but also for cermet and the like. (JP-A-3-92205)

【0003】[0003]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、これら
の微細クラックを導入して残留応力を減少/開放させる
方法は、この点では有効であるものの、クラックが工具
の最表面に露出しているために実際に切削工具として実
用に供した場合には、その部分に切削の荷重が集中し耐
衝撃性が不安定になるという欠点がある。
However, the method of introducing these fine cracks to reduce / release the residual stress is effective in this respect, but the cracks are exposed on the outermost surface of the tool. When it is actually put to practical use as a cutting tool, there is a drawback that the load of cutting is concentrated on that portion and the impact resistance becomes unstable.

【0004】[0004]

【課題を解決するための手段】そのため、本発明者らは
微細クラックの上方先端部を工具の最表面に存在させな
くすることで耐衝撃抵抗を飛躍的に向上させ得ることを
見いだした。
Therefore, the inventors of the present invention have found that the impact resistance can be dramatically improved by eliminating the upper tip of the fine crack from existing on the outermost surface of the tool.

【0005】[0005]

【作用】またその手段として、例えば微細クラックを導
入した皮膜の上にさらに物理蒸着法で0.5ミクロン以
上の膜を形成し、微細クラックの先端を皮膜内部に納め
ることが有効である。この場合最外層の厚みは0.5ミ
クロン以上5ミクロン以下が望ましく、0.5ミクロン
未満ではその効果は少なく、5ミクロンを超える場合は
その効果が飽和するのでそれ以下とした。
In addition, as a means for this, it is effective to form a film of 0.5 μm or more by a physical vapor deposition method on the film in which fine cracks are introduced, and place the tips of the fine cracks inside the film. In this case, it is desirable that the thickness of the outermost layer is 0.5 micron or more and 5 micron or less. If it is less than 0.5 micron, its effect is small, and if it exceeds 5 micron, the effect is saturated.

【0006】さらに、最外被覆層をPVD法で形成した
場合には、PVD膜は通常圧縮応力が残留するため耐衝
撃性の向上が計られさらに望ましい。
Further, when the outermost coating layer is formed by the PVD method, since the PVD film usually has residual compressive stress, the impact resistance is improved, which is more desirable.

【0007】次に、下部被覆層については、基体と皮膜
との充分な密着性を得るために成膜温度が約1000℃
とPVD法に比較して高いCVD法による皮膜が望まし
い。しかし、CVD皮膜は引張応力が残留するため膜厚
は2〜15ミクロンが望ましく、その範囲を超えると膜
の剥離が生ずるため望ましくない。またその範囲未満で
は耐摩耗性が不十分となり本発明の目的に反する。
Next, regarding the lower coating layer, the film forming temperature is about 1000 ° C. in order to obtain sufficient adhesion between the substrate and the film.
It is desirable to use a film formed by a CVD method that is higher than the PVD method. However, the tensile stress of the CVD film remains, so that the film thickness is preferably 2 to 15 μm, and if it exceeds the range, the film peels off, which is not desirable. On the other hand, if it is less than that range, the abrasion resistance becomes insufficient, which is contrary to the object of the present invention.

【0008】また、下部被覆層の残留応力を除去するた
めに、微細クラックを導入することは本発明にも必須で
ある。この場合のクラックは A) 基体表面にほぼ垂直に存在させ、かつその平均長
さは下部被覆層厚み以上(下部被覆層+5ミクロン)以
下が良い。その範囲未満では充分に残留応力が除去され
ないため効果が発揮できず、またその範囲を超えると応
力集中が激しくかえって耐衝撃性の不安定さを増す。ク
ラックの長軸方向が基体の表面にほぼ垂直であることが
望ましいのは、平行になるに従い膜の微細チッピングが
頻繁となるためである。
It is also essential to the present invention to introduce fine cracks in order to remove the residual stress in the lower coating layer. The cracks in this case are: A) Almost perpendicular to the surface of the substrate, and the average length is preferably not less than the thickness of the lower coating layer (lower coating layer + 5 μm) or less. If it is less than the range, the residual stress is not sufficiently removed so that the effect cannot be exerted, and if it exceeds the range, the stress concentration becomes severe and the impact resistance becomes unstable. It is desirable that the major axis direction of the crack be substantially perpendicular to the surface of the substrate because the fine chipping of the film becomes more frequent as the cracks become parallel.

【0009】B) クラック幅の平均値は5ミクロン以
下が良く、その範囲を超えると応力集中が増大し耐衝撃
性が劣化する。 C)クラック間隔の平均値は10ミクロン以上200ミ
クロン以下が良く、その範囲未満では耐摩耗性が劣化
し、またその範囲を超えると残留応力の除去が充分でな
くいずれも本発明の目的に反する。A〜Cの形態を有す
る微細クラックの導入手段はショットピーニングが最も
簡便でありかつ実用的であるがショットブラスト等の機
械的な衝撃による方法や、物理的な手段でも効果は期待
できる。
B) The average value of the crack width is preferably 5 microns or less, and if it exceeds the range, stress concentration increases and impact resistance deteriorates. C) It is preferable that the average value of the crack interval is 10 microns or more and 200 microns or less, and if it is less than that range, the wear resistance deteriorates, and if it exceeds the range, removal of residual stress is not sufficient and any of them is against the object of the present invention. . Shot peening is the simplest and practical method for introducing fine cracks having the forms A to C, but the effect can be expected by a method using mechanical impact such as shot blasting or a physical method.

【0010】本発明の被覆膜は現在一般に流布しかつ最
も使用頻度の高いセラミック膜での効果が大きく、また
それが本発明の目的でもある。すなわち該セラミック膜
は、Ti、Zr、Hf、Nb、Ta、Cr、Mo、W、
Alの炭化物、窒化物、炭窒化物及び酸化物より選ばれ
た1種または2種以上の層から構成された膜である。ま
た、本発明の基体は超硬のみならずTiCN基サーメッ
ト合金においてもその効果は大きく、本発明の目的とす
るところである。以下、実施例に基づいて詳細に説明す
る。
The coating film of the present invention has a great effect on the ceramic film which is currently generally used and is used most frequently, and it is also an object of the present invention. That is, the ceramic film is made of Ti, Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W,
It is a film composed of one or more layers selected from Al carbides, nitrides, carbonitrides and oxides. Further, the substrate of the present invention has a great effect not only on cemented carbide but also on a TiCN-based cermet alloy, which is the object of the present invention. Hereinafter, a detailed description will be given based on examples.

【0011】[0011]

【実施例】WC90%、TiC2%、TaC1%、Co
7%を成分とする超硬合金1および、TiCN50%、
WC20%、TaC18%、Co6%、Ni6%を成分
とするTiCN基サーメット合金2に下部被覆層として
CVD法でTiN、TiCN、TiC、Al23を下部
より表面に向かってこの順序にそれぞれ1、5、3、2
ミクロン被覆し、さらにショットピーニング処理を施し
て平均長さ13ミクロン、平均クラック幅2ミクロン、
平均クラック間隔70ミクロンの微細クラックを導入し
た。
Example: WC90%, TiC2%, TaC1%, Co
Cemented Carbide 1 containing 7% and TiCN 50%,
A TiCN-based cermet alloy 2 containing 20% WC, 18% TaC, 6% Co, and 6% Ni was used as a lower coating layer, and TiN, TiCN, TiC, and Al 2 O 3 were deposited in this order from the bottom toward the surface in this order by 1 5, 3, 2
Micron coating, shot peening treatment, average length 13 microns, average crack width 2 microns,
Fine cracks with an average crack spacing of 70 microns were introduced.

【0012】さらに、一部のチップはPVD法でTiN
膜をさらに被覆し、断続切削性能を比較した。断続切削
性能は以下の条件で比較した。 被削材 S45C(4ッ溝入り) 切削条件 切削速度 150m/min 送り 0.4mm/rev 切り込み 2mm 工具形状 SNMA120408 判定基準 欠損が生ずるまでの断続衝撃回数 その結果を表1、表2に示す。
Further, some chips are made of TiN by the PVD method.
The film was further coated and the interrupted cutting performance was compared. The intermittent cutting performance was compared under the following conditions. Work material S45C (with 4 grooves) Cutting condition Cutting speed 150 m / min Feed 0.4 mm / rev Cutting depth 2 mm Tool shape SNMA120408 Judgment criteria Number of intermittent impacts until failure occurs The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

【0013】[0013]

【表1】 試料番号 基体 PVD層厚み(ミクロン) 衝撃回数(×1000) 比較例 1 1 0 1.5 比較例 2 1 0.2 1.7 比較例 3 1 0.4 1.8 本発明例 4 1 0.5 5.3 本発明例 5 1 2.0 7.3 本発明例 6 1 5.0 10.8 比較例 7 1 6.5 8.8Table 1 Sample No. Substrate PVD layer thickness (micron) Impact frequency (× 1000) Comparative example 1 1 0 1.5 Comparative example 2 1 0.2 1.7 Comparative example 3 1 0.4 1.8 Inventive example 4 1 0.5 5.3 Inventive Example 5 1 2.0 7.3 Inventive Example 6 1 5.0 10.8 Comparative Example 7 1 6.5 8.8

【0014】[0014]

【表2】 試料番号 基体 PVD層厚み(ミクロン) 衝撃回数(×1000) 比較例 8 2 0 0.7 比較例 9 2 0.2 0.9 比較例 10 2 0.4 1.0 本発明例 11 2 0.5 3.3 本発明例 12 2 2.0 6.1 本発明例 13 2 5.0 7.4 比較例 14 2 6.5 4.1Table 2 Sample No. Substrate PVD layer thickness (micron) Impact count (× 1000) Comparative example 8 2 0 0.7 Comparative example 9 2 0.2 0.9 Comparative example 10 2 0.4 1.0 Inventive example 11 2 0.5 3.3 Inventive Example 12 2 2.0 6.1 Inventive Example 13 2 5.0 7.4 Comparative Example 14 2 6.5 5.1

【0015】表1、表2より本発明は、被削材に溝を入
れ機械的な衝撃が加わる条件における衝撃回数において
優れた性能を示すとともに、もたその時の回数も安定し
ており寿命バラツキも少ない。
From Tables 1 and 2, the present invention shows excellent performance in the number of impacts under the condition that a groove is cut on a work material and a mechanical impact is applied, and the number of impacts at that time is also stable, resulting in variation in life. Also few.

【0015】[0015]

【発明の効果】本発明は、従来の被覆超硬合金の欠点で
ある耐衝撃性を改善し、またその寿命を安定させたもの
で産業上の利用効果は極めて大きい。
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention improves impact resistance, which is a drawback of the conventional coated cemented carbide, and stabilizes its life, and has an extremely great industrial application effect.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.6 識別記号 庁内整理番号 FI 技術表示箇所 C22C 29/00 A Z C23C 16/30 16/56 28/00 A ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 6 Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical indication C22C 29/00 AZ C23C 16/30 16/56 28/00 A

Claims (6)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】 超硬合金の表面に厚さ5ミクロン以上2
0ミクロン以下の被覆を有する超硬合金において、該被
覆層が以下の特徴を持つ耐欠損性に優れる被覆超硬合
金。 1)最外被覆層 A〜Cに示すクラックが存在しない。 2)下部被覆層 A〜Cに示すクラックが存在する。 A)クラック長さの平均距離 被覆表面に垂直に下部被
覆層厚み以上、下部被覆層厚み+5ミクロン以下 B)クラック幅の平均値 5ミクロン以下 C)クラック間隔の平均値 10ミクロン以上、20
0ミクロン以下
1. A surface of cemented carbide having a thickness of 5 μm or more 2
In a cemented carbide having a coating of 0 micron or less, the coating layer has the following characteristics and is excellent in fracture resistance. 1) Outermost coating layer There are no cracks shown in A to C. 2) Lower coating layer There are cracks shown in A to C. A) Average distance of crack lengths Lower coating layer thickness or more and lower coating layer thickness +5 microns or less perpendicular to the coating surface B) Average crack width value 5 microns or less C) Average crack spacing value 10 microns or more, 20
0 micron or less
【請求項2】 請求項1に記載の耐欠損性に優れる被覆
超硬合金において、最外被覆層が物理蒸着法による被覆
層であり、下部被覆層が化学蒸着法による被覆層である
ことを特徴とする耐欠損性に優れる被覆超硬合金。
2. The coated cemented carbide excellent in fracture resistance according to claim 1, wherein the outermost coating layer is a coating layer formed by physical vapor deposition and the lower coating layer is a coating layer formed by chemical vapor deposition. A coated cemented carbide with excellent fracture resistance.
【請求項3】 請求項1ないし2に記載の耐欠損性に優
れる被覆超硬合金において、最外被覆層の厚みが0.5
〜5ミクロン、下部被覆層の厚みが2〜15ミクロンで
あることを特徴とする耐欠損性に優れる被覆超硬合金。
3. The coated cemented carbide excellent in fracture resistance according to claim 1, wherein the outermost coating layer has a thickness of 0.5.
A coated cemented carbide with excellent fracture resistance, characterized in that the lower coating layer has a thickness of -5 μm and a thickness of 2-15 μm.
【請求項4】 請求項1ないし3に記載の耐欠損性に優
れる被覆超硬合金において、被覆層がTi、Zr、H
f、Nb、Ta、Cr、Mo、W、Alの炭化物、窒化
物、炭窒化物及び酸化物より選ばれた1種または2種以
上の層からなることを特徴とする耐欠損性に優れる被覆
超硬合金。
4. The coated cemented carbide having excellent fracture resistance according to claim 1, wherein the coating layer is Ti, Zr, or H.
A coating excellent in fracture resistance, characterized by comprising one or more layers selected from carbides, nitrides, carbonitrides and oxides of f, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W and Al. Cemented carbide.
【請求項5】 請求項1に記載の耐欠損性に優れる被覆
超硬合金において、A〜Cで特徴付けされたクラック微
細クラックが下部被覆層を被覆した後に機械的な衝撃に
より導入されたことを特徴とする耐欠損性に優れる被覆
超硬合金。
5. The coated cemented carbide excellent in fracture resistance according to claim 1, wherein the crack micro-cracks characterized by AC are introduced by mechanical impact after coating the lower coating layer. A coated cemented carbide with excellent fracture resistance.
【請求項6】 請求項1ないし5に記載の耐欠損性に優
れる被覆超硬合金において、基体がTiCN基サーメッ
ト合金であることを特徴とする耐欠損性に優れる被覆超
硬合金。
6. The coated cemented carbide having excellent fracture resistance according to claim 1, wherein the substrate is a TiCN-based cermet alloy.
JP19410693A 1993-07-10 1993-07-10 Coated cemented carbide excellent in chipping resistance Pending JPH0726366A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP19410693A JPH0726366A (en) 1993-07-10 1993-07-10 Coated cemented carbide excellent in chipping resistance

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP19410693A JPH0726366A (en) 1993-07-10 1993-07-10 Coated cemented carbide excellent in chipping resistance

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH0726366A true JPH0726366A (en) 1995-01-27

Family

ID=16319037

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP19410693A Pending JPH0726366A (en) 1993-07-10 1993-07-10 Coated cemented carbide excellent in chipping resistance

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH0726366A (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015009322A (en) * 2013-06-28 2015-01-19 三菱マテリアル株式会社 Surface coated cutting tool
JP2015188995A (en) * 2014-03-28 2015-11-02 三菱マテリアル株式会社 Surface coated cutting tool with excellent abnormal damage resistance
JP5962862B2 (en) * 2013-08-21 2016-08-03 株式会社タンガロイ Coated cutting tool

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015009322A (en) * 2013-06-28 2015-01-19 三菱マテリアル株式会社 Surface coated cutting tool
JP5962862B2 (en) * 2013-08-21 2016-08-03 株式会社タンガロイ Coated cutting tool
JP2015188995A (en) * 2014-03-28 2015-11-02 三菱マテリアル株式会社 Surface coated cutting tool with excellent abnormal damage resistance

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