JPH0732517A - Three-dimensional structural aggregate - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain excellent compression strength and good water and air permeability by forming wires with a specific diameter made of a thermoplastic resin into loops each having a specific diameter to form a three-dimensional structure and setting the average angle of the respective loops to a specific value or less with respect to the thickness direction of the three-dimensional structure and setting voids to a specific ratio to weld and bond the contact points of the respective wires. CONSTITUTION:Loops 1 each having a diameter of 5-50mm are formed using wires with a diameter of 0.3-5.0mm made of a thermoplastic resin and a three- dimensional structure is formed from the wire loops 1. The average angle thetaof the respective loops is set to 30 deg. or less with respect the thickness direction T of the three-dimensional structure and the voids of the three-dimensional structure are set to 80-97% to impart well-balanced compression characteristics and drain capacity. The contact points of the respective wires are welded and bonded at regions 2 and solidified to obtain a spiral springy three-dimensional structural aggregate.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention is used for soft ground, liquefied ground, roads by embankment, strengthening of slopes such as cut slopes, backsides of concrete retaining walls such as tunnels and levees, and drainage facilities such as underdrains. It relates to a three-dimensional three-dimensional structural aggregate that has excellent compressibility and drainage capacity as the base material of the drainage material that is used, and is highly bulky even under high load when used as a cushioning material and has comfortable breathability. is there.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Laminated structures in which thick bristle fibers are adhesively reinforced with an adhesive, synthetic fiber nonwoven fabrics with a large fineness, etc. are used as reinforcements for slopes or drainage materials. However, these structures have drawbacks in that compression resistance is apt to occur as a reinforcing material on the slope because of insufficient compressive resistance against earth pressure, and the water passage becomes small and drainage capacity decreases. In addition, bedding, furniture cushions, mattresses, chairs, sofas, and other bedding, furniture cushions, cushioning materials for automobiles, ships, aircraft, etc. A three-dimensionally formed non-woven fabric or a product using urethane foam is often used as a cushion base material. However, these cushion materials have a complicated production process and are very expensive.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made for the purpose of improving the above-mentioned drawbacks, has excellent compressive strength in the thickness direction, has good water permeability and air permeability, and is lightweight. Therefore, a three-dimensional structure aggregate having excellent workability is provided.

[0004]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention takes the following means. That is, the present invention is
The thermoplastic resin filament with a diameter of 0.3 to 5.0 mm has a diameter of 5
A loop of -50 mm is formed to form a three-dimensional structure, the average angle of each loop is 30 ° or less with respect to the thickness direction of the three-dimensional structure, and the porosity is in the range of 80 to 97%, A three-dimensional three-dimensional structure characterized in that a spiral spring-like three-dimensional structure aggregate is formed by melting and bonding the contact points of each filament, and a drainage material for civil engineering comprising the three-dimensional three-dimensional structure aggregate. Further, it is a cushion material composed of the three-dimensional three-dimensional structure aggregate.

The present invention will be described in detail below. As the thermoplastic resin, a homopolymer or a copolymer selected from the polyolefin series such as polyethylene and polypropylene is preferable, and two or more kinds of these polymers may be mixed and used. Among them, polypropylene resin, which has excellent chemical resistance and mechanical properties, is preferable. In addition, polyester-based polymers, polyester elastomers, and polyurethane-based polymers are used. The polyester-based polymer has terephthalic acid as a main acid component, and at least one glycol, preferably ethylene glycol, trimethylene glycol, or tetramethylene glycol. The main object is a polyester having a glycol component of at least one alkylene glycol selected from Further, it may be a polyester in which a part of the terephthalic acid component is replaced with another difunctional carboxylic acid component, and / or a part of the glycol component is replaced with the above glycol or other diol component other than the main component. It may be polyester. Examples of the bifunctional carboxylic acid other than terephthalic acid used here include isophthalic acid, naphthalene dicarboxylic acid, diphenylcarboxylic acid diphenoxyethanedicarboxylic acid, β-hydroxyethoxybenzoic acid, p-oxybenzoic acid, adipic acid. ,
Aromatic, aliphatic, and alicyclic bifunctional carboxylic acids such as sebacic acid and 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid can be mentioned. A homopolymer or a copolymer selected from these is preferable, and these may be used as a mixture of two or more kinds of polymers.

Examples of polyester elastomers include polyester-polyether block copolymers and polyester type block copolymers. The polyester-polyether block copolymer, the hard segment of the polyester, the soft segment of the polyether, by both being alternately lined,
It is a block copolymer having the properties of a rubber-like elastic material.
The acid and alcohol constituting such a polyester unit are mainly an aromatic dicarboxylic acid and an alkylene glycol having 2 to 15 carbon atoms, respectively. Specific examples of the dicarboxylic acid include terephthalic acid and ethylene bis (p
-Oxybenzoic acid), naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, p- (β-didroxyethoxy) benzoic acid and the like. Specific examples of the alcohol include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol, pentamethylene glycol, 2,2-dimethyltrimethylene glycol, hexamethylene glycol, decamethylene glycol, cyclohexanedimethanol, cyclohexanediethanol, benzenedimethanol, benzenediethanol. Etc. As the above-mentioned acid and alcohol, one having a melting point of 150 ° C. or higher when a polyester having a molecular weight of a degree capable of forming fibers is suitable. The polyether unit, which is a soft segment of the block copolymer, has an average molecular weight of 500 to
It is about 5000 polyoxyalkylene glycol. This polyoxyalkylene glycol unit has an oxyalkylene group whose alkylene group has 2 to 9 carbon atoms as a monomer unit. Specifically, poly (oxyethylene) glycol, poly (oxypropylene) glycol, poly (oxytetramethylene) glycol and the like are mentioned as suitable examples. The polyether may be a homopolymer, a random copolymer, a block copolymer, or a mixture of two or more kinds of polyether. Further, the polyether may have a small amount of an aliphatic group, an aromatic group or the like in the molecular chain. Further, a modified polyether having sulfur, nitrogen, phosphorus or the like may be used.

Polyester polyether block copolymers contain 1 to 85% by weight of polyether units, preferably 5 to 80%, and 99 to 100% of polyester units.
It is contained in a proportion of 15% by weight, preferably 95 to 20% by weight. Examples of the polyester type block copolymer include those obtained by reacting a crystalline aromatic polyester with lactones. As the crystalline aromatic polyester, a polymer mainly having an ester bond or an ester bond and an ether bond, having at least one kind of aromatic group as a main repeating unit, and having a hydroxyl group at a molecular end is mentioned. . The crystalline aromatic polyester preferably has a melting point of 150 ° C. or higher when a polymer having a high degree of polymerization is formed.

A preferred specific example of the crystalline aromatic polyester is a polymer having a molecular weight of 5,000 or more when used as the cushioning material of the present invention.
Polyester ethers, copolyesters, copolyester ethers and the like can be found. Examples of homopolyesters include polyethylene terephthalate, polytetramethylene terephthalate, poly-1,4
Examples thereof include cyclohexylene dimethylene terephthalate and polyethylene-2,6-naphthalate. Examples of polyester ethers include polyethyleneoxy benzoate, poly-p-phenylene bisoxyethoxy terephthalate, and the like. Examples of the copolyester or the copolyester ether include a polymer mainly having a tetramethylene terephthalate unit or an ethylene terephthalate unit and further having another copolymerization component. As such a copolymerization component,
Tetramethylene adipate unit, ethylene adipate unit, tetramethylene sebacate unit, ethylene sebacate unit, 1,4-cyclohexylylene dimethalene terephthalate unit, tetramethylene-p-oxybenzoate unit, ethylene-p-oxybenzoate unit, etc. It is illustrated. The copolyester and the copolyester ether preferably contain 60 mol% or more of a tetramethylene terephthalate unit or an ethylene terephthalate unit.

As the lactone which is the other constituent component forming the polyester type block copolymer, ε-caprolactone is most preferable, but enanthlactone, caprylolactone and the like are also used. You may use 2 or more types of these lactones. The polyester type block copolymer is obtained by copolymerizing the above crystalline aromatic polyester and lactone in a weight ratio of 97/3 to 5/95. This weight ratio is preferably 95/5 to 30/70. In the above-mentioned copolymerization, a catalyst is added if necessary, and the mixture is heated and mixed to proceed the reaction. The polyester polyelastomer (polyester-polyether block copolymer and / or polyester type block copolymer) thus obtained may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Further, two or more kinds of the polyester polymer and the polyester elastomer may be mixed and used.

Next, as the polyurethane used in the present invention, (A) a polyether having a terminal hydroxyl group having a number average molecular weight of 1,000 to 6000 in the presence or absence of a usual solvent (dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, etc.) and Alternatively, polyester and (B) a polyisocyanate containing an organic diisocyanate as a main component are reacted to prepare a prepolymer having isocyanate groups at both ends (a reaction accelerator, a catalyst, and a reaction inhibitor are used if necessary). It is also possible; the same applies to the latter reaction)
A typical example is a method of obtaining a liquid state and then chain-extending with a polyamine containing (C) diamine as a main component. In the above method, each component may be added to the system at a time for reaction, or each component may be divided and reacted in multiple stages. Further, an end-terminating agent such as monoamine may be added and reacted in the middle or end of the reaction. As the polyester and polyether of (A), conventionally known polytetramethylene glycol, polybutylene adipate copolyester, etc. can be used, and the number average molecular weight is 10
It is preferably from 00 to 6000, more preferably 1
Some are 300 to 5000. As the polyisocyanate of (B), conventionally known polyisocyanate can be used, but mainly isocyanate such as diphenylmethane-4,4′-diisocyanate is used, and if necessary, conventionally known triisocyanate is used. Etc. may be used in a trace amount. As the polyamine (C), known diamines such as ethylenediamine and 1,2-propylenediamine are mainly used, and if necessary, a trace amount of triamine,
You may use together tetracumin. You may use these urethane type polymers individually or in mixture of 2 or more types. In addition, a polyamide-based resin, an ABS-based resin, or the like can be selected from the required properties.

These polymers are cooled in the form of filaments,
After being solidified, it has rigidity and has excellent compression characteristics. The diameter of the filament is excellent in the range of 0.3 to 5.0 mm, and if it is less than 0.3 mm, the three-dimensional structure aggregate obtained has insufficient compression characteristics and is buried in the soil as a drainage material for civil engineering. After that, the shape cannot be retained by the load from above, and the drainage capacity is also lost, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if it exceeds 5.0 mm, the compression characteristics are sufficiently satisfied, but the weight of the three-dimensional three-dimensional structure aggregate increases, and the productivity and the workability at the burying site deteriorate, which is not preferable.
Above all, the range of 0.5 to 3.0 mm is preferable.

The loop 1 of each filament preferably has a diameter of 5 to 50 mm. Since the thickness of the three-dimensional three-dimensional structural assembly is determined by this loop diameter, the filament must be thicker than 5 mm. Excellent compression characteristics cannot be obtained, and if the diameter of the filament is increased, the porosity decreases, and the drainage for civil engineering uses water permeability, and the cushioning material lacks cushioning properties. On the other hand, if it exceeds 50 mm, the compressibility is sufficiently satisfied, but it becomes difficult to adjust the thickness. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a three-dimensional three-dimensional structure aggregate, and an average angle θ between each loop 1 and the thickness direction of the three-dimensional three-dimensional structure aggregate is as shown in FIG. And the average angle θ with the thickness direction of the loop is 30 with respect to the thickness direction.
When the temperature exceeds 50 ° C, the strength is greatly reduced against the pressure from the thickness direction, it cannot withstand a large earth pressure, compressive deformation occurs, the water passage becomes small, and the ability as a drainage material decreases significantly. A method of increasing the fineness may be considered to compensate for these, but the above-mentioned problems occur. The average angle θ of each loop with the thickness direction is 0 ° with respect to the thickness direction.
It is more preferable that ≦ θ ≦ 15 °.

The contact points of each line are 2 as shown in FIGS.
By being melt-adhered and solidified in (1), the compression property becomes more excellent.

By setting the porosity within the range of 80 to 97%, a well-balanced compression property and drainage capacity can be imparted, and when it is less than 80%, clogging is likely to occur and drainage capacity in a short period of time. If it exceeds 97%, the drainage capacity is excellent, but the compression characteristics are insufficient, and it becomes impossible to withstand the earth pressure, and the drainage capacity is reduced and may disappear. Further, this drainage base material can be used by embedding it in a soft ground or the like as it is, but can also be used by mounting various filter materials around the base material for preventing clogging.

[0015]

If the solid three-dimensional structure aggregate having the above-mentioned structure is directly buried in the soil, or if the outer periphery is covered with a material which can be a filter material and buried in the soil, surplus water in the soil is filtered by the filter material. The water that has passed through the inside of the drainage base material and flows into the inside of the drainage base material flows through the internal water passage formed by the mutual gaps between the multiple filaments. Also, a large number of filament loops,
Also, it acts as a rib that reinforces the base material due to the bonding points between the loops, and becomes a drainage base material with excellent performance that can withstand a large pressure from the thickness direction.

[0016]

【Example】

Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 First, a three-dimensional three-dimensional structure aggregate was prepared in the following manner.
The cylinder temperature was set to 250 ° C with a single-screw extruder with a screw diameter of 50 mm, and spinning was performed from a nozzle group having an inner diameter of 1 mm at a discharge rate of 30 kg per hour.
A pair of take-up conveyors that can adjust the angle with the water surface are placed in the cooling water 0 cm below, and the take-up conveyors are taken into the water at a speed of 0.8 m / min to form a spiral spring three-dimensional structure assembly. Get the body. 2 under the above extruder conditions
Polypropylene having a melt flow rate of 8 g / 10 min at 30 ° C. was used, and a nozzle group having a total of 50 holes in which each nozzle was arranged at a distance of 2 cm was used. Further, the angle of the take-up conveyor was adjusted to 80 ° with respect to the water surface to prepare a spiral spring-shaped three-dimensional structure assembly (Example 1), the compression characteristics were measured, and the measurement results are shown in Table 1. A spiral spring-shaped three-dimensional structure assembly (Comparative Example 1) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the intervals between the nozzles were arranged at 1 cm. A spiral spring-shaped three-dimensional structure aggregate (Comparative Example 2) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the angle of the take-up conveyor was adjusted to 30 ° with respect to the water surface.

[0017]

[Table 1]

The methods for measuring various physical properties shown in Table 1 are as follows. 1 Compression test Measured by JIS K7208-1975, the compression strength is a value at a strain rate of 20%. 2 Compressive Residual Strainability When measuring the compressive elastic modulus of a three-dimensional fiber assembly, a load was applied until the strain amount became 1/2 of the thickness of the initial sample, and then the load was repeated 5 times, The thickness of the sample was measured after 3 hours. The compression residual strain rate was calculated by the following formula. Compressive residual strain ratio = thickness of sample after test (mm) / thickness of initial sample (mm) In Example 1, the compressive strength was large and the compressive residual strain ratio was also considerably large, while Comparative Examples 1 to 1 In No. 2, the compressive strength and the residual compression strain were small.

[0019]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION The three-dimensional structure aggregate of the present invention has the structure as described above, and the aggregate of loops acts as reinforcing ribs, and the base material has excellent compression characteristics, so that a large earth pressure is applied. It can be used for improved civil engineering works such as soft ground and liquefied ground in deep soil. In addition, because it has an internal water conduit, it has excellent drainage capacity and excellent chemical resistance, so it can be used in various fields as a bottom protection material for underdrain, embankment, tunnels, sloped drainage, rivers, dams, etc. Since it can be used, the drainage base material for civil engineering of the present invention is an inexpensive drainage base material which brings great effects in construction and civil engineering applications.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a three-dimensional structure aggregate of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a front view of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 loop 2 melt adhesion point

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A thermoplastic resin filament having a diameter of 0.3 to 5.0 mm forms a loop having a diameter of 5 to 50 mm to form a three-dimensional structure, and the average angle of each loop is the three-dimensional structure. It is 30 ° or less with respect to the thickness direction, and the porosity is 80 to 97.
%, And the contact points of the filaments are melt-bonded to each other to form a spiral spring-shaped three-dimensional structure aggregate. 2. A drainage material for civil engineering, which comprises the solid three-dimensional structure aggregate according to claim 1. 3. A cushion material comprising the three-dimensional three-dimensional structure aggregate according to claim 1.