JPH0738491Y2 - Solar-powered building - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the device]

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a building effectively utilizing solar heat.

[0002]

[Technical background of the invention] A building in which the inside of the building is comprehensively surrounded by a heat insulating material to improve the heat insulating property and airtightness of the building has been developed, which has been particularly well received in cold regions.

In such a building, since the inside of the building becomes a closed space, it is necessary to ventilate the building in a planned manner. In addition, recently, JP-A-63-165633
As described in JP-A-64-75858 and JP-A-64-75858, there is also known a building in which solar heat is collected by a heat collecting device and used for heating the inside of the building.

However, such a building using solar heat is comfortable during heating in the winter season, but it cannot always realize a comfortable living environment in other seasons.

[0005]

[Purpose of the Invention] The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and not only can effectively use solar heat, but also can effectively use outdoor cold air, etc., and can realize a comfortable living environment throughout the four seasons. The purpose is to provide things.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve such an object, a building utilizing solar heat according to the present invention is provided with a solar heat collector for irradiating sunlight and heating the outdoor air taken into the inside. An indoor duct that guides the air heated by the solar heat collector into the building, and it is possible to discharge the air in the indoor duct to the outside while being connected to this indoor duct and to the outdoor duct to the indoor duct. An intake / exhaust duct that can be guided, and the indoor duct that is arranged under the floor of the building and is connected so that the air in the indoor duct is guided to the inside, and exchanges heat with the air flowing inside to distribute the air. A heat storage cool storage device capable of storing cold heat or warm heat of air to discharge the heat-exchanged air into a building, and the solar heat collector provided at a branch portion between the indoor duct and the discharge duct. From the above storage A switching damper selectively controlled when shutting off the flow path of the indoor duct toward the cool storage device and when shutting off the flow path from the indoor duct to the discharge duct, and the solar heat collector and the switching damper. Installed in an indoor duct between the indoor heat exchanger and the first fan capable of forcibly and appropriately blowing air in the solar heat collector into the indoor duct, and installed in the indoor duct between the switching damper and the heat storage cool storage device. A second fan capable of appropriately blowing outdoor air to the heat storage / cooling storage device through the intake / exhaust duct and the indoor duct.

According to the building using solar heat according to the present invention, when the inside of the building is heated by using solar heat, the switching damper is controlled to block the intake / exhaust duct, and indoors. Open the flow path of the duct, guide the air heated by the solar heat collector to the heat storage cool storage device, exchange heat there and store it in the heat storage cool storage device, and effectively use this heat for heating You can

Further, when it is desired to cool the interior of the building, the switching damper is controlled to open the communication port from the intake / exhaust duct to the indoor duct, and the cool air at night is guided to the heat storage cool storage device through the intake / exhaust duct. Here, heat can be exchanged and stored in the heat storage cool storage device, and the cold heat can be effectively used to cool the inside of the building. The warm air that has been collected by the solar heat collector and heated is discharged through the intake / exhaust duct.

[0009]

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The solar heat building according to the present invention will be specifically described below. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a solar heat utilizing building according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the heat storage and regenerator shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the solar heat collector shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing an example of the circuit of the control device shown in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are schematic sectional views showing the operation of the building according to the same embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 1, in a solar heat building 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention, a solar heat collector 6 is installed on a roof 4. The solar heat collector 6 has an intake port 8 capable of taking in outdoor air, and an internal flow path 10 through which the air taken in passes. The internal flow path 10 is irradiated with sunlight through a transparent member such as glass, so that the outdoor air taken therein is heated. In order to enhance the efficiency of heat exchange with the internal air and enhance the reinforcing effect, a corrugated plate 12 having an uneven shape may be installed in the internal flow passage 10, as shown in FIG. Further, it is preferable to install a heat insulating material 14 between the heat collecting device 6 and the roof 4. Moreover, it is preferable to install the solar cell 16 on one surface of the heat collecting device 6 on the side where the sunlight is irradiated.

The heat collecting device 6 thus installed is connected to one end of an indoor duct 18 for guiding the heated air in the internal flow path 10 indoors. The other end of the indoor duct 18 is connected to a heat storage cool storage device 30 described later, and a flow path switching box 20 is installed in the middle of the indoor duct 18. An intake / exhaust duct 22 is connected to the flow path switching box 20. The intake / exhaust duct 22 is capable of exhausting the air in the indoor duct to the outside, and is also capable of guiding the outdoor air to the indoor duct 18. A switching damper 26 is mounted in the flow path switching box 20 which is a branch portion between the indoor duct 18 and the intake / exhaust duct 22. Switching damper 26
Is selectively controlled when the flow path of the indoor duct 18 extending from the solar heat collector 6 toward the heat storage cooler 30 is blocked and when the flow path extending from the indoor duct 18 to the intake / exhaust duct 22 is blocked. It is supposed to be done. The switching damper 26 is made of a material having excellent heat insulation and heat resistance, for example, heat-resistant expanded polystyrene (for example, Kanebuchi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.).
Trade name: Heatmax) or silicone resin.

In the indoor duct 18 between the flow path switching box 20 and the heat collecting device 6 side, the heat collecting device 6 is provided.
A first fan 32 that can forcibly blow the air inside the indoor duct 18 is installed. In addition, the indoor duct 18 between the flow path switching box 20 and the heat storage cool storage device 30.
A second fan 34 capable of appropriately blowing outdoor air to the heat storage / cooling storage device 30 through the suction duct 22 and the indoor duct 18 is attached to the above.

The heat storage / cooling storage device 30 to which the other end of the indoor duct 18 is connected is disposed under the floor of the building, and the indoor duct 1
The air in 8 is guided to the inside of the device, exchanges heat with the air flowing through the inside of the device, accumulates cold or warm heat of the circulating air, and the heat-exchanged air can be discharged into the building. Has become. The heat storage / storage device 30 is not particularly limited, but as shown in FIG. 2, a device in which a plurality of concrete blocks 32 each having a vent are arranged is used.

On the outer periphery of the foundation 34, the outer periphery of the pillars 36 and the indoor side of the roofing material 4a in the building 2 as described above, the heat insulating material 38 comprehensively surrounds the building, and the underfloor space 40 and It is stretched around so as to form an inner ventilation layer 44 that communicates with the attic space 42. An outer ventilation layer 48 may be formed between the heat insulating material 38 and the outer wall material 46 and between the heat insulating material 38 and the roof material 4a. Further, in the building in which the building is comprehensively surrounded by the heat insulating material 38 in this way, an underfloor ventilation port is provided under the floor for the purpose of systematic ventilation of the underfloor space 40, the inner ventilation layer 44 and the attic space 42. It is preferable that the eaves portion of the roof be provided with an under eaves ventilation port 52. It is preferable to provide an underfloor opening / closing damper 54 and an under eaves opening / closing damper 56 at these ventilation openings, respectively.

In the building 2 thus constructed, it is preferable to forcibly ventilate the room, and in a room in the building, such as a toilet or a bathroom, the air in the building is exposed to the outside. It is preferable to provide a ventilation device 58 that can be forcibly discharged. Next, the control device 6 for controlling the switching damper 26, the first fan 32, the second fan 34, and the solar cell 16 as described above.
0 (illustrated in FIG. 1) will be described. An outside air sensor 62 that detects an outdoor temperature is connected to the control device 60. An example of the control circuit of the control device 60 is shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 4, in this embodiment, the solar cell 16 comprises a solar cell 16a for charging and a solar cell 16b for driving a first fan, and the first fan 32 is connected in series. The second fan 34 is made up of two fans connected in parallel. And the first
One terminal of the solar cell 16b for driving the fan is connected to the first fan 32 via the diode 63.
A temperature sensitive switch 64 and a second fan 34 are connected to the first fan 32. The temperature sensitive switch 64 is adapted to switch to the terminal H or L based on the temperature detected by the outside air sensor 62. For example, when the outside air temperature is 25 ° C. or higher, the terminal H becomes conductive and
When the temperature is lower than ° C, the terminal L is brought into a conductive state. The other terminal of the solar cell 16b is connected to the terminal H, and when the temperature-sensitive switch 64 is connected to the H-side terminal, only the first fan 32 is driven without supplying power to the second fan 34. It is like this. Terminal L
A season changeover switch 66 is connected to. The seasonal switch 66 is an auxiliary seasonal switch 6
8 and is adapted to be selectively switched to the terminals W, M and S manually, for example.
The terminals W, M, and S are terminals corresponding to winter, spring, autumn, and summer, respectively. When the terminals W and M are selected in the season changeover switch 66, the circuit is cut off here, and when the terminal S is selected, the diode 70, the timed return switch 72, the storage battery 74, from the terminal L, The circuit leading to the second fan 34 via the protection device 76 is made conductive.

One terminal of the solar cell 16a for charging is
Auxiliary season selector switch 6 via diode 78
8 terminals W or S. A resistor 80 is connected between the diode 78 and the terminal W. Resistance 80
Is for limiting the storage of electricity in the storage battery 74.
The other terminal of the solar cell 16a is connected to a storage battery 74 for charging via a protection device 76. When the auxiliary season changeover switch 68 is connected to the terminal S, the electromotive force generated in the solar cell 16a is stored in the storage battery 74, and when it is connected to the other terminals W and M, it is not stored. Has become. The protection device 76 is the storage battery 74.
To prevent overcharge to the battery or overdischarge from the storage battery 74. Further, the outside air sensor 62 may be a shape memory alloy whose shape changes when the temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature.

The operation of the control device having such a configuration will be described below. When the season is winter or summer, the underfloor ventilation opening and the underfloor ventilation opening 52 are provided to heat or cool the building.
Is blocked.

Particularly in the daytime in winter, the changeover switch 66 is connected to the terminal W side and the outside air sensor 62
Since the temperature sensitive switch 64 is connected to the terminal L side by the action of 1, the first fan 32 is driven by the electromotive force of the sun when the solar cell 16b is irradiated. Since the changeover switch 66 is connected to the W side, no power is supplied to the second fan 34, and the second fan 34 is not driven. In this state, the switching damper 26 is
As shown in, the intake / exhaust duct 22 is controlled so as to be closed. For this reason, the air heated by the heat collecting device 6 is sent to the heat storage / cooling device 30 through the indoor duct 18, where heat is exchanged and heat is stored therein and is also sent to each room to contribute to heating of each room. Then, it is finally discharged from the ventilation device 58 to the outside.

On a winter night, the solar cell 16 is not exposed to sunlight, so the first fan 32 is not driven.
Moreover, since the switching damper 26 is controlled so as to close the intake / exhaust duct 22, the interior of the building is gently warmed by the heat stored in the heat storage cool storage device 30.

Therefore, solar heat is effectively used for heating regardless of day or night. In the summer, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the switching damper 26 is controlled to open the intake / exhaust duct 22.

Especially, in the summer daytime, the outside air temperature is 25 ° C.
From the above, the temperature sensitive switch 64 shown in FIG. 4 is connected to the terminal H side, the electromotive force of the solar cell 16b is supplied to the first fan 32 regardless of the connection position of the changeover switch 66, and the first fan is supplied. 32 is rotationally driven. Moreover, since the temperature-sensitive switch 64 is connected to the terminal H side, no electric power is supplied to the second fan 34 and the second fan 34 is not rotationally driven. Further, the electromotive force of the solar cell 16a for charging is supplied to the storage battery 74 and stored therein because the changeover switch 68 is connected to the terminal S side. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, since the changeover switch 26 opens the intake / exhaust duct 22, the first fan 32
Is driven, the air heated by the heat collector 6 is discharged to the outside through the intake / exhaust duct 22. In this case, a heat exchanger may be attached to the exhaust duct 22 and the heat exchanger may convert cold water into hot water or the like.
In addition, the heat storage device 30 stores cold heat stored in the summer night, and the cold heat can gently cool the interior of the building. Therefore, the cooling action in each room is assisted.

On a summer night, as shown in FIG. 6, the solar cell 16 is not exposed to sunlight, so the first fan 32
Is not driven. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, when the outside air temperature is lower than 25 ° C. on a summer night, the temperature sensitive switch 64
Is connected to the terminal L side and the changeover switch 66 is connected to the terminal S side, the storage battery 74 and the second fan 34 are connected to each other, so that the second fan is driven. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, relatively cold outside air at summer night is introduced into the heat storage and regenerator 30 through the intake / exhaust duct 22 and the indoor duct 18, and heat is exchanged there.
Cold heat will be stored in the heat storage cool storage device 30. The air discharged from the heat storage cool storage device 30 passes through each room, cools each room, and then is discharged from the ventilation device 58.

According to such control, cold air in summer night can be effectively used. In spring and autumn seasons other than summer and winter,
For example, the underfloor ventilation port 50 and the underfloor ventilation port 52 can be opened for ventilation. In the spring and autumn season,
Since the changeover switches 66 and 68 are connected to the terminal M side, the fully open circuit of the control device 60 is cut off. And
A comfortable living environment can be realized by controlling the switching damper 26 according to conditions such as the outside air temperature.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but can be variously modified within the scope of the present invention.

[0026]

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, in the present invention,
When heating the building using solar heat, the switching damper is controlled to block the intake and exhaust ducts, open the flow path of the indoor duct, and collect heat from the solar heat collector to heat it. It is possible to guide the generated air to the heat storage cool storage device, exchange heat there and store heat in the heat storage cool storage device, and use this heat effectively for heating.

Further, when it is desired to cool the inside of the building, the switching damper is controlled to open a communication port from the intake / exhaust duct to the indoor duct, and cool air at night is led to the heat storage / storage device through the intake / exhaust duct, Here, heat can be exchanged and stored in the heat storage cool storage device, and the cold heat can be effectively used to cool the inside of the building. The warm air that has been collected by the solar heat collector and heated is discharged through the intake / exhaust duct.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a building utilizing solar heat according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the heat storage cool storage device shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the solar heat collector shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing an example of a circuit of the control device shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a summer daytime state of a building according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state of a summer night of the building according to the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Buildings 4 Roof 6 Solar heat collector 16 Solar cell 18 Indoor duct 20 Flow path switching box 22 Air intake / exhaust duct 26 Switching damper 30 Heat storage / storage device 32 First fan 34 Second fan 58 Ventilation device

Claims (2)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A solar heat collector that irradiates sunlight to heat the outdoor air taken in, an indoor duct that guides the air heated by the solar heat collector into a building, and An indoor / outdoor duct connected to an indoor duct, capable of discharging the air in the indoor duct to the outside, and capable of guiding the outside air to the indoor duct, and arranged under the floor of the building. The indoor duct is connected so that the air in the duct is guided to the inside, exchanges heat with the air flowing through the inside, stores cold or warm heat of the circulating air, and transfers the heat-exchanged air into the building. A heat storage cool storage device capable of discharging, a case provided at a branch portion between the indoor duct and the discharge duct, and blocking the flow path of the indoor duct from the solar heat collector toward the heat storage cool storage device, and indoor duct A switching damper selectively controlled when shutting off the flow path from the exhaust duct to the exhaust duct,
A first fan mounted on an indoor duct between the solar heat collector and the switching damper, capable of forcibly and appropriately blowing air in the solar heat collector into the indoor duct; the switching damper and the heat storage cool storage device; Installed in the indoor duct between
A building utilizing solar heat having a second fan capable of appropriately blowing outdoor air to the heat storage / cooling device through the intake / exhaust duct and the indoor duct. 2. The first fan is driven by a solar cell mounted in a part of the solar heat collector, and the second fan
The solar-powered building according to claim 1, wherein the fan is driven by a storage battery in which electromotive force from the solar cell is stored.