JPH0740509B2 - Heating element - Google Patents
Heating elementInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0740509B2 JPH0740509B2 JP59153518A JP15351884A JPH0740509B2 JP H0740509 B2 JPH0740509 B2 JP H0740509B2 JP 59153518 A JP59153518 A JP 59153518A JP 15351884 A JP15351884 A JP 15351884A JP H0740509 B2 JPH0740509 B2 JP H0740509B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- ptc
- resistor
- ptc resistor
- heating element
- pair
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- QLZJUIZVJLSNDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methylidenebutanoyloxy)ethyl 2-methylidenebutanoate Chemical compound CCC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(=C)CC QLZJUIZVJLSNDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQNTXSXCXGWOBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N C=C.C=C.F.F.F.F Chemical group C=C.C=C.F.F.F.F WQNTXSXCXGWOBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006244 ethylene-ethyl acrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005042 ethylene-ethyl acrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は暖房器具や加熱機器に用いられるPTC発熱体に
関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a PTC heating element used in heating appliances and heating equipment.
従来例の構成とその問題点 第１図は従来のサンドイッチ構造PTC発熱体の構成を示
すものであり、図において１および１′は１対の給電電
極で、２はPTC抵抗体である。この構成は非常にシンプ
ルであるが、リード取出し方向が上下に分れるので、被
加熱体に取付ける場合に、どちらか一方のリード線がじ
ゃまになり、その処理に特殊な工法を必要としていた。
また、PTC抵抗体２が薄肉の場合に、その極く一部に欠
陥があっても、アーク等を発生し、焼損に至る可能性も
小さくなかった。Configuration of Conventional Example and Problems Thereof FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a conventional PTC heating element having a sandwich structure. In the figure, 1 and 1'are a pair of feeding electrodes, and 2 is a PTC resistor. This structure is very simple, but since the lead take-out direction can be divided into upper and lower, one of the lead wires becomes a hindrance when it is attached to the heated object, and a special construction method was required for its treatment.
Further, when the PTC resistor 2 is thin, even if there is a defect in a very small portion, the possibility of causing an arc or the like and causing burnout was not small.
発明の目的 本発明は従来の発熱体の問題点を解消し、リード取出し
方法、被加熱体への取付構造、抵抗体の局部的な欠陥に
対する安全性等に優れた発熱体を提供することを目的と
する。An object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the conventional heating element, and to provide a heating element excellent in the lead extraction method, the mounting structure to the heated object, the safety against the local defect of the resistor, and the like. To aim.
発明の構成 本発明の発熱体は結晶性重合体と導電性微粉末を主成分
とするPTCと、前記PTC抵抗体の一方の全面に積層される
一体の高熱伝導性の中間電極と、前記PTC抵抗体の対向
する面に積層される長尺の一対の給電電極からなり、前
記一対の給電電極が前記PTC抵抗体の厚みの２倍以上の
距離を保ちつつ、前記PTC抵抗体、前記中間電極ととも
に積層されて構成される構造を基本としている。The heating element of the present invention comprises a PTC mainly composed of a crystalline polymer and conductive fine powder, an integral high thermal conductivity intermediate electrode laminated on one entire surface of the PTC resistor, and the PTC. The PTC resistor and the intermediate electrode are composed of a pair of long feeding electrodes stacked on opposite surfaces of the resistor, and the pair of feeding electrodes keep a distance of at least twice the thickness of the PTC resistor. It is based on a structure that is constructed by stacking with.
作用 この技術的手段による作用は次のようになる。すなわ
ち、高熱伝導性の中間電極は、結晶性重合体と導電性微
粉末を主成分とする薄肉のPTC抵抗体を均熱化し、温度
に大きく依存する抵抗値を均一化する。この結果、中間
電極の電位は、一対の給電電極間の印加電圧のほぼ２等
分値に保ち、導電性微粉末を多量に含むPTC抵抗体の電
圧勾配を半減し、アーク等の発生を防止する。また、一
対の給電電極間の距離を、PTC抵抗体の厚みの２倍以上
に保ちつつ平行に積層することにより、均質な長尺形成
を可能にするとともに、一対の給電電極の間のPTC抵抗
体の電圧勾配を厚み方向を上回らない範囲に抑制し、導
電性微粉末を多量に含むPTC抵抗体の電圧勾配を低減
し、アーク等の異常加熱を防ぐ。Action The action of this technical means is as follows. That is, the intermediate electrode having a high thermal conductivity makes the thin PTC resistor whose main component is the crystalline polymer and the conductive fine powder, soaks the temperature of the thin PTC resistor and makes the resistance value largely dependent on the temperature uniform. As a result, the potential of the intermediate electrode is maintained at approximately half the value of the applied voltage between the pair of power supply electrodes, the voltage gradient of the PTC resistor containing a large amount of conductive fine powder is halved, and the occurrence of arcs etc. is prevented. To do. Also, by keeping the distance between the pair of power feeding electrodes at least twice the thickness of the PTC resistor and by stacking them in parallel, it is possible to form a uniform long length and also the PTC resistance between the pair of power feeding electrodes. The voltage gradient of the body is suppressed within the range not exceeding the thickness direction, the voltage gradient of the PTC resistor containing a large amount of conductive fine powder is reduced, and abnormal heating such as arc is prevented.
実施例の説明 以下、本発明の一実施例に基づいて説明を加える。第２
図において３および３′はPTC抵抗体４の表面に密着し
て構成された一対の給電用の銅箔よりなる電極であり、
５はPTC抵抗体４の裏面に密着して構成された中間電極
をなす銅箔電極である。電極３および３′の端面間の距
離はPTC抵抗体４の厚さの２倍以上とし、この間を通る
電流ループを制限し、電極３、PTC抵抗体４、中間電極
５、PTC抵抗体４、電極３′を通る経路で主に電流が流
れ、PTC抵抗体４が発熱する構成となっている。この構
成であれば、リード取出し方向が片面のみになるので、
他の面は完全に平旦となり、被加熱体への取付も容易で
ある。また、PTC抵抗体４が薄肉であっても、印加電圧
が２つに分割されるために、PTC抵抗体４の極く一部の
耐電圧不良等の欠陥に対しても、アーク等の発成する確
率は大幅に低減する。さらに、PTC抵抗体４に印加され
る電圧の分割比率も、中間電極５の均熱効果によって、
一方の抵抗体のみが発熱する現象を防止できるので、ほ
ぼ２分割に配分される。Description of Embodiments An explanation will be added below based on an embodiment of the present invention. Second
In the figure, 3 and 3 ′ are electrodes composed of a pair of copper foils for feeding, which are formed in close contact with the surface of the PTC resistor 4,
Reference numeral 5 is a copper foil electrode forming an intermediate electrode which is formed in close contact with the back surface of the PTC resistor 4. The distance between the end faces of the electrodes 3 and 3 ′ should be at least twice the thickness of the PTC resistor 4, limiting the current loop passing between them to limit the electrode 3, the PTC resistor 4, the intermediate electrode 5, the PTC resistor 4, A current mainly flows through the path passing through the electrode 3 ', and the PTC resistor 4 generates heat. With this configuration, the lead ejection direction is only one side,
The other surface is completely flat and easy to attach to the heated object. Further, even if the PTC resistor 4 is thin, the applied voltage is divided into two, so even a small portion of the PTC resistor 4 such as a defect in withstand voltage will generate an arc or the like. The probability of success is greatly reduced. Furthermore, the division ratio of the voltage applied to the PTC resistor 4 is also changed by the soaking effect of the intermediate electrode 5.
Since it is possible to prevent a phenomenon in which only one of the resistors generates heat, the resistor is divided into approximately two parts.
次に、PTC抵抗体４の極く一部の欠陥に対するアーク等
の発生限界をさらに高める方法について第３図に基づい
て説明を加える。第３図において６は中間電極５とPTC
抵抗体４との間に設けられた中間抵抗体層で、PTC抵抗
体４の室温における抵抗値と同等の値に設定している。
この構成であれば、PTC抵抗体４に極く一部に欠陥があ
って、局部的に高温状態となって、炭化した部分がアー
ク放電を開始する暴走過程が発生しても、局部的に炭化
に至るまでの高温状態を作り出す局部的な短絡電流を供
給するのを中間抵抗体層６が防止するので、安全性をさ
らに高めることができる。中間抵抗体層６の抵抗値はPT
C抵抗体４の発熱特性を大きく損なわない限り、高抵抗
の方が望ましく、通常はPTC抵抗体４の室温抵抗値に近
い値が上限値として設定される。Next, a method for further increasing the generation limit of arcs or the like for a very small number of defects in the PTC resistor 4 will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 3, 6 is the intermediate electrode 5 and PTC.
The intermediate resistor layer provided between the resistor 4 and the resistor 4 is set to a value equivalent to the resistance value of the PTC resistor 4 at room temperature.
With this configuration, even if the PTC resistor 4 has a defect in a very small portion and locally becomes a high temperature state, and a runaway process in which the carbonized portion starts arc discharge occurs, Since the intermediate resistor layer 6 prevents supply of a local short-circuit current that creates a high temperature state until carbonization, safety can be further enhanced. The resistance value of the intermediate resistor layer 6 is PT
A high resistance is desirable unless the heating characteristics of the C resistor 4 are significantly impaired, and a value close to the room temperature resistance value of the PTC resistor 4 is usually set as the upper limit value.
PTC抵抗体４を構成する材料としては結晶性重合体中と
導電材料を主成分とする組成物が好ましく、前者は、エ
チレン酢酸ビニル共重合体、エチレンエチルアクリレー
ト、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリエステル、共
重合ポリエステル、ポリアミド、共重合ポリアミド、ポ
リフッ化ビニリデン、エチレン４フッ化エチレン共重合
体等が用いられ、導電材料としてはカーボンブラック、
グラファイト、金属粉末、金属酸化物粉末等が用いられ
る。給電電極材料および中間電極材料としては、銅、ア
ルミニウム、ニッケル、銀等の箔、板、メッキ材、さら
に導電塗料等が用いられる。なお、PTC抵抗体として
は、上記の結晶性重合体と導電性微粉末を主成分とする
材料とは別個に、チタン酸バリウム等の焼結体を用いる
セラミック系の材料がある。これらは、一般に、PTCサ
ーミスタ等と呼ばれるものであるが、周知のように、PT
C特性を示す一方で、セラミック材料共通の固さと脆さ
があり、しかも、加熱成形できない等の制約があり、本
発明で用いられるPTC抵抗体は、結晶性重合体と導電性
微粉末を主成分とする材料に限定されることはいうまで
もない。As a material for forming the PTC resistor 4, a composition mainly composed of a crystalline polymer and a conductive material is preferable, and the former is an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene ethyl acrylate, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, a copolymer. Polyester, polyamide, copolyamide, polyvinylidene fluoride, ethylene tetrafluoride ethylene copolymer, etc. are used, and carbon black,
Graphite, metal powder, metal oxide powder and the like are used. As the power feeding electrode material and the intermediate electrode material, foils, plates, plating materials of copper, aluminum, nickel, silver, etc., and conductive paints are used. As the PTC resistor, there is a ceramic-based material that uses a sintered body such as barium titanate in addition to the above-mentioned crystalline polymer and the material containing conductive fine powder as a main component. These are generally called PTC thermistors, but as is well known, PT
While exhibiting C characteristics, there are restrictions such as hardness and brittleness common to ceramic materials, and further, heat molding cannot be performed.PTC resistors used in the present invention are mainly composed of crystalline polymer and conductive fine powder. It goes without saying that the material used as the component is limited.
発明の効果 以上の如く、本発明の発熱体によれば以下の効果を得る
ことができる。Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the heating element of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
（１）結晶性重合体と導電性微粉末とからなるPTC抵抗
体の均熱性特性と耐電圧特性を飛躍的に改善し、発熱性
能、信頼性能、安全性能を満足することができる。(1) It is possible to dramatically improve the soaking property and the withstand voltage property of a PTC resistor composed of a crystalline polymer and conductive fine powder, and satisfy heat generation performance, reliability performance, and safety performance.
（２）長手方向の加工性に優れ、長尺の均質なPTC発熱
体を容易に構成できる。(2) A long and uniform PTC heating element can be easily constructed with excellent workability in the longitudinal direction.
（３）給電電極に対向する面には一体の電極が形成され
るので長手方向にも平面形状を維持しやすくなり、被加
熱体との密着性が改善される。(3) Since the integrated electrode is formed on the surface facing the power supply electrode, it is easy to maintain the planar shape in the longitudinal direction, and the adhesion with the object to be heated is improved.
第１図は従来例の発熱体の構造を示す斜視図、第２図は
本発明の第１の実施例の発熱体の構造を示す斜視図、第
３図は本発明の第２の実施例の発熱体の構造を示す斜視
図である。 ３、３′……電極、４……PTC抵抗体、５……中間電
極、６……中間抵抗体層。FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the structure of a conventional heating element, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the structure of the heating element of the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the structure of the heating element of FIG. 3, 3 '... Electrode, 4 ... PTC resistor, 5 ... Intermediate electrode, 6 ... Intermediate resistor layer.
Claims (1)
る薄肉長尺の正抵抗温度係数（以下PTCと略す）抵抗体
と、前記PTC抵抗体の一方の全面に積層される一体の高
熱伝導性の中間電極と、前記PTC抵抗体の対向する面に
積層される長尺の一対の給電電極からなり、前記一対の
給電電極が前記PTC抵抗体の厚みの２倍以上の距離を保
ちつつ、前記PTC抵抗体、前記中間電極とともに積層さ
れて成るPTC発熱体。1. A thin and long positive resistance temperature coefficient (hereinafter abbreviated as PTC) resistor containing a crystalline polymer and conductive fine powder as main components, and an integral body laminated on one entire surface of the PTC resistor. Of high thermal conductivity and a pair of long feeding electrodes laminated on the opposite surfaces of the PTC resistor, and the pair of feeding electrodes have a distance more than twice the thickness of the PTC resistor. A PTC heating element formed by stacking together with the PTC resistor and the intermediate electrode while keeping the same.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59153518A JPH0740509B2 (en) | 1984-07-24 | 1984-07-24 | Heating element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59153518A JPH0740509B2 (en) | 1984-07-24 | 1984-07-24 | Heating element |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6132377A JPS6132377A (en) | 1986-02-15 |
| JPH0740509B2 true JPH0740509B2 (en) | 1995-05-01 |
Family
ID=15564285
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59153518A Expired - Lifetime JPH0740509B2 (en) | 1984-07-24 | 1984-07-24 | Heating element |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0740509B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH06168774A (en) * | 1991-01-22 | 1994-06-14 | Ube Ind Ltd | Ceramic heater unit |
| JP5664760B2 (en) | 2011-02-24 | 2015-02-04 | 株式会社村田製作所 | Electronic component mounting structure |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5426541A (en) * | 1977-08-01 | 1979-02-28 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Self control type heating unit |
| JPS5689188U (en) * | 1979-12-12 | 1981-07-16 | ||
| JPS56123494U (en) * | 1980-02-22 | 1981-09-19 | ||
| JPS56126288A (en) * | 1980-03-07 | 1981-10-03 | Tdk Electronics Co Ltd | Heater |
| JPS57203496A (en) * | 1981-06-10 | 1982-12-13 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd | Control apparatus of dehydrator |
-
1984
- 1984-07-24 JP JP59153518A patent/JPH0740509B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6132377A (en) | 1986-02-15 |
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