JPH0742320Y2 - Storage and slow fermentation equipment for dried leaf tobacco - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Object of the Invention) The present invention relates to an apparatus for storing dried leaf tobacco and performing mild fermentation.

Tobacco leaves grown in this field and gradually matured are sequentially harvested from the matured leaves and dried.

The yellow species are usually heated and artificially dried for a short period of about 4 to 5 days, and the conventional species and Burley species are naturally dried in a vinyl house for about 3 to 5 weeks. By this drying, the tobacco leaves are dried and dehydrated, and at the same time,
Finished into a fine leaf tobacco. That is, by appropriately controlling the temperature and humidity, the leaves are dried while appropriately changing the components contained in the leaves.
It falls to about 13-14%.

In this way, the sequentially harvested products are dried, and the dried leaf tobacco is stacked, packed (including temporary packing), and stored (stored).

This dried leaf tobacco cannot be purchased intensively from many growers in a short period of time, so purchases are carried out in order, so if the purchase period is at least one month or long, May take about 4 months, and it is necessary to store it during that time.

Dried leaf tobacco is highly hygroscopic and moisture-releasing, and the water content of the leaf tobacco varies greatly depending on the weather, which has a great influence on the quality, yield and profit of the tobacco leaf.

Normally, in fine weather and low humidity weather, the water content in the leaves of leaf tobacco is reduced and it becomes overdried, and not only the improvement of the content components is delayed, but also damage and tears due to management work etc. And both are adversely affected.

On the other hand, under wet and humid conditions, the water content of leaf tobacco becomes excessive, causing mold, color loss, and stuffiness, which adversely affects both quality and quantity. Moldy leaves and mullet leaves are ineligible for purchase, and color-damaged leaves are treated as poor quality leaves, resulting in a significant decrease in profit. Even if there is no mold, if there is too much water, it must be returned when delivered, dried again, and re-delivered. The burden of the re-drying work and the damage of leaf tobacco during the work There are various problems such as an increase in the cost of fuel and the like.

Tobacco leaves are mostly harvested and dried from early August to mid-September, so the storage period of leaf tobacco often overlaps with the period of long autumn rain, and it is especially possible to prevent overhumidity. There must be.

Further, since leaf tobacco has a high aroma, it often becomes unfit for sale due to the unpleasant odor absorbed and adhered to the leaf tobacco, depending on the place of storage, especially in a place close to a livestock house or a fertilizer house.

For this reason, conventionally, as for dried leaf tobacco, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, first, the sheet (31) is laid on the floor of the second floor of the barn or other storage place, and the 菰 (32) is placed on it. Dry leaf tobacco (3
3) in 3 rows to 3 rows in 2 rows and stack in 2 to 3 layers, hang the retweets (34), (35) and (36) on it and cover with vinyl film (37). The sheet (38) is hung over it, and the rubber band (39) is laid over it so that the sheet does not move and is stored. However, when such a storage method is used, it is difficult to block moisture, and the sheets or vinyl film covers are regularly removed to remove the temporarily packed leaf tobacco, which is then unpacked and the moistened tobacco leaf is dried. Then dry and repack,
In addition, after drying the above-mentioned dolls, they are reloaded and covered with a sheet or vinyl film. However, such work usually needs to be performed about 3 to 5 times during storage for about 3 months, which is a difficult work. This is a large amount and is a heavy burden on tobacco farmers.

(Constitution of the Invention) The present invention makes a bag body from a plastic sheet, provides an opening that can be opened and closed with a highly airtight fastener, and further has a hole for degassing the air in the bag body. It is formed and a check valve is provided in this hole.
The dried leaf tobacco is stored in a state where the water content in the leaf is kept preferable, and the fermentation is gently carried out during the storage so that a high quality tobacco leaf can be obtained.

With reference to the following examples, the bag body is made of a durable plastic film that is moisture-proof, and has an opening through which leaf tobacco can be taken in and out, and this opening can be opened and closed by a fastener. The one shown is
It is made of a strong plastic film with a satin finish and is formed into a rectangular parallelepiped bag body (1) with a width of 1.8 m, a length of 4 m and a height of 1.8 m when opened, and it opens wide above it. As the fastener (2) provided in the opening, a fastener used in a highly airtight scuba diving wet suit is used, and a cover piece (3) is provided thereon. And
The bottom surface (4) of this bag is colored differently from the other surfaces, and further, the marking line (which is a guide for the placement place so that the packaged or provisionally packaged leaf tobacco can be loaded and loaded separately. 5) is displayed.

The bag body is provided with a hole for venting air in the bag, and in the illustrated case, a hole (6) is provided on the lower front side of the bag body,
It is connected to the exhaust pipe (7) via a check valve (not shown).

When using this, open the zipper on the second floor of the barn, etc. with low humidity, with the bottom of the bag down. A stack of dried leaf tobacco (8), which is temporarily packed in a cube of about 60 to 90 cm or packed, is divided into packages according to the grade, type, etc. of the leaf tobacco, and the guide displayed on the bottom of the bag is a guide. I will load it while doing. In the bag shown in the figure, 6 pieces of this temporary packing are packed in a row,
It is designed to be loaded in two rows and two stages.
It is possible to store 25 ares and 25 to 30 ares of dried leaf tobacco of yellow type. Usually, dried leaf tobacco is stored
Cooking work is performed with various rankings before delivery for sale, but the premise of this is to roughly classify lower leaves-medium leaves-upper leaves according to the landing position of tobacco leaves. . And these leaf tobaccos are usually harvested in the above order,
Since they are dried, sorted, and then temporarily packed, the leaf tobacco that is temporarily packed is sequentially classified based on the classification and quality column (the leaf tobacco grade of the intermediate leafing position is high) on the bottom surface. While organizing and loading.

When the leaf tobacco has been loaded into the bag, the fastener is closed and the air inside the bag is degassed. Degassing should be performed from the hole provided in the bag body. In the illustrated case, it is convenient to connect the hose of the household vacuum cleaner (9) to the exhaust pipe to exhaust air. The bag body comes into close contact with the stored temporary tobacco (10). A check valve is provided between the hole and the exhaust pipe (7) of the air extractor (11),
Although the intake is not performed after the air is once deaerated, it is more preferable that the exhaust pipe is fitted with the clip (12) to seal the air after the deaeration is completed.

The dried leaf tobacco loaded and stored in the degassed bag in this way can maintain the optimum moisture content of the dried leaf tobacco of about 13 to 15%, and the leaf tobacco is dried. In addition, since moisture absorption does not cause mold, color loss, stuffiness, etc., there is no need for time-consuming drying. Then, while maintaining such an optimum moisture state and preventing moisture, ventilation is also performed little by little. Therefore, in the dried leaf tobacco during storage, aerobic fermentation proceeds slowly, and it is said that the cause is sugar, protein, etc. in the leaf tobacco, which is unfavorable to tobacco, by decomposing the so-called "ear taste component", Further, the quality can be improved. It should be noted that, although a small amount of outside air may enter the bag body, in such a case, it may be necessary to degas the exhaust pipe from time to time, normally, at intervals of about 10 to 15 days. Often good Further, if warm air is introduced into the bag, the fermentation can be further promoted. When using this device in a place exposed to the sun, it is preferable to cover the surroundings with a light shielding material to prevent the influence of ultraviolet rays and the like.

〔test〕

The difference between the device of the present invention and the above-mentioned conventional device is that the moisture content of dried leaf tobacco is changed, the management work time during the storage period,
A comparison test was carried out on the amount of labor in the loading and transshipment work of temporary-packed tobacco and the condition of tobacco.

(1) Tested dry leaf tobacco Burley, dried leaf tobacco harvested from a field of 20 are
Twenty-four packets (8 lower leaves, 8 intermediate leaves, and 8 upper leaves) were provisionally packed, and 6 bags in 1 row were made into 2 rows, which were loaded in 2 layers. The weight per package is about 30 kg, and the total weight is 720 kg.

(2) Test period November 1, 1991-January 31, 1990.

(3) Test location Yokote City, Akita Prefecture (4) The present invention area The apparatus of the embodiment shown in the drawings of the above-mentioned embodiment is used.

As management work, the air inside the bag is degassed every 9 days (total 10 times during the test period).

(5) Control section (conventional section) Using the apparatus of the embodiment shown in the drawings, which is of the conventional practice described above.

December 1st: 1st management work implementation December 23 to 25th: 2nd management work implementation January 13: 3rd management work implementation January 31st: 4th management work implementation 1st Contents of the 2nd and 4th management work Removal of coatings, provisional packaging Leaf tobacco removal / transportation, unpacking / leaf separation, drying with a blower dryer, temporary packaging, transport / loading, coating.

Contents of the 3rd management work Same as the 1st above except that the dryer was not used.

(6) Test for measuring changes in moisture content of stored dried leaf tobacco.

Moisture content (moisture content in leaf) of leaf tobacco November 1, 11, 21, 30 December 2, 12, 22 January 1, 12, 22, 30 Lower leaf , The average value of the measured values at each of 3 positions for each of the middle leaf and the upper leaf.

(7) Measurement of management work time during storage period.

The time required for the work performed during the test period from the start of storage on November 1st to January 31st was tabulated and compared.

(8) Temporary packaging Leaf measurement of the amount of labor involved in loading and transshipping tobacco.

The time required for loading and transshipment work and the work load weight during the test period were tabulated and compared.

(9) Sensory comparison test of the state of leaf tobacco.

The state of leaf tobacco during the storage period was observed, and the texture, aroma and the like were inspected and compared.

〔Test results〕

(1) The results of the test for measuring the change in water content of stored dried leaf tobacco are shown in Table-1.

As can be seen from Table 1, in the devised area, the leaf water content during storage (storage) was 13.0 to 14.1.
%, Which is the management target during storage period 13-15%
It is within the range and stable.

On the other hand, in the control plot, the water content at the beginning of storage was 13.0%, but it increased to 17.8% one month later on November 30, and some mold was observed. Therefore, it is necessary to perform a moisture management work for drying the leaf tobacco with a dryer, which is performed on December 1st as described above.

As a result, the moisture content in the leaf was reduced to 14.0% on December 2nd, but it was abnormally absorbed again at 18.2% on December 22nd. We are doing moisture management work to dry the leaf tobacco. After that, the water content on January 1st was 15.0%, and the water content was rising,
It increased to 19.1% on January 30th, and the water management work is being performed on the following day 31st.

In this way, in the control area, dried leaf tobacco is also for 1 week ~
After 10 days, the water content of the management target is exceeded and at least 30
It is necessary to dry the leaf tobacco before it exceeds the day. Even after such a water management work, the water content, which is the management target, is exceeded again within one week. Therefore, in the control area, it is necessary to frequently perform management work, and it is extremely difficult to keep the dry leaf tobacco in a dry state.

(2) Table-2 shows the measurement results of the management work time during the storage period.
Shown in.

As shown in Table-2, in the devised area, the temporarily-packed leaf tobacco is loaded into the device, the fastener is closed and the internal air is removed to complete the storage. A total of about 18 minutes of working time is sufficient if only 1 minute of air bleeding is performed.

On the other hand, in the control section, the covering work using the cocoon, the vinyl film and the sheet when storing the leaf tobacco requires a little longer time than the devising section.
Then, because the stored leaf tobacco has absorbed moisture, the covering material is removed, the leaf tobacco is taken out, the temporary packaging is unpacked, dried in a dryer, and the temporary packaging is performed again. It takes a huge amount of time of 23 hours and 35 minutes, and a total working time of about 24 hours is required.

In this way, in the devised section, the working time is about 1/80, which is a short time, compared with the control section.

(3) Temporary packing leaf Table 3 shows the measurement results of the labor amount during the loading and transshipping work of tobacco.

As shown in Table-3, in the devised area, if the temporarily-packed tobacco leaf is loaded into this device, there is no need to transship it, so the total working time is 3 minutes and 23 seconds. As mentioned above, since the weight of one package is 30 kg and there are 24 packages, the labor burden is 720 kg.

On the other hand, in the control area, the loading work time per operation is slightly long, 3 minutes and 51 seconds, and the transshipment work is being carried out for the above-mentioned moisture management, etc. Due to the loading and transshipment work, the total working time was 34 minutes and 39 seconds, and the labor burden was 6,480 kg.

In this way, the work area and labor burden in the devised area are reduced to about 1/10 of those in the control area.

(4) Results of a sensory test for the condition of leaf tobacco.

In the devised area, aging of the leaf tobacco progressed during storage, and it became a so-called "karekomi" with good texture, good texture and fragrance. It is considered that this is because the fermentation in the leaves proceeded slowly and the nitrogen-containing components in the leaves deteriorated and the maturity proceeded because the content in the leaves was maintained at 13 to 14.1%.

On the other hand, in the control plot, mold was found on some leaf tobacco, and the leaf tobacco had a bad texture and had a slight odor. It is considered that this is because the aroma was volatilized and the physical properties and quality of the leaf tobacco were deteriorated by repeating the drying of the overhumid leaf tobacco.

[Discussion]

In the devised area, the water content in the leaves of dried leaf tobacco can be maintained continuously within the range of the management target, whereby the leaf tobacco is gradually fermented during the storage period and changed to an excellent quality one. Moreover, it is an effective device because it can be obtained with a very small working time and labor amount as compared with the control area, and its structure is simple and economical.

(Effects of the Invention) In addition to the above, the present invention has a structure in which dry leaf tobacco is shielded from the outside air, does not absorb and attach an offensive odor, is not restricted in the storage location, and does not require moisture management for a long time. Since it is also possible to save, it is possible to efficiently distribute labor work, and to disperse the concentrated work just before sale, which was seen in the past,
It is possible to solve the problem, and especially for large-scale cultivators, efficient production management can be performed. In addition, even when a leaf tobacco having excessive water content is housed in this device, excess water can be removed by the air bleeding, and when a pest occurs during storage, fumigation can be performed with this. . In the case of native species and Burley species, slow air-drying (soft air curing) may cause mildew on the petiole part due to rainy and humid conditions at the end of dryness. It is also possible to sterilize, etc. This device can be effectively used as a carrying bag for carrying leaf tobacco in wet and humid conditions.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 to 4 show an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a perspective view, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of part A of FIG. FIG. 5 is an enlarged front view of the air extractor, FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a conventional example, and FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view of FIG. 1: bag, 2: fastener, 4: bottom of bag, 5: lane marking, 6:
Hole, 7: Exhaust pipe, 8: Tobacco, 11: Air extractor

Front page continuation (72) Creator Kyoji Ichii 2-5-10, Wholesale Town, Wakabayashi-ku, Sendai City, Miyagi Prefecture, Tohoku Branch, Taiyo Kogyo Co., Ltd. (56) Bibliography Sho 34-1697 (JP, Y1) Public 35-31100 (JP, Y1)

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A bag body is formed from a durable plastic sheet having moisture resistance, and an opening is provided in the bag body for taking in and out a packaged product of dried leaf tobacco, and a fastener having a high airtightness is attached to the opening so that the bag can be opened and closed. A device for storing and slowly fermenting dried leaf tobacco, wherein a hole for deaerating the air in the bag is formed in the bag, and a check valve is provided in the hole.