JPH0742621A - Gasoline forced supply combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To save fossil fuel and contribute to low-cost practical use in a short period by reducing air pollutions such as CO, HC and NO giving disadvantage to a four-cycle engine. CONSTITUTION:For a gasoline engine or a diesel engine as an internal combustion engine, a fuel injection 8 for a gasoline engine or an injection nozzle 7 for a diesel engine along with a gasoline injector 4 is provided in one cylinder 10 to supply gasoline for fuel under combustion so that continuous combustion can be made in two stages.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a gasoline supply forced combustion engine (SECONDARY-GAS-SUPPLY).
-ENGINE), and in particular to a low-pollution combustion engine that considers the conflicting relationship of increasing NOx with respect to the reduction of CO and HC that are generated gases at the time of combustion of an internal combustion engine such as a gasoline engine or a diesel engine. is there.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the combustion of a gasoline engine, which is a conventional internal combustion engine, or particularly a direct injection diesel engine, the amount of air in the cylinder volume (main fuel chamber volume) introduced during the intake stroke is supplied. Combustion is performed by increasing / decreasing the amount of fuel. In the main combustion chamber type, the combustion pressure is high (large output with a small amount of fuel), combustion efficiency is good and fuel consumption is low, but the heat radiation area (sub chamber type has a large heat radiation area) It is in a high temperature state due to combustion, the amount of NOx emission is large, oxygen shortage occurs in fuel combustion due to rapid fuel increase during acceleration or high load, CO and HC increase due to incomplete combustion, and in the cylinder at high speed The temperature rises to a high temperature, and the NOx emission amount further increases and is emitted.

[0003]

However, in the combustion of such a conventional gasoline engine or diesel engine (especially, there is one direct injection combustion type combustion chamber), the volume oxygen amount in the cylinder taken in during the intake process is increased. By changing the combustion power by increasing or decreasing the amount of fuel to be supplied to the engine, fuel consumption and output can be improved compared to combustion in the auxiliary combustion chamber by the method of obtaining output, but in the exhaust gas, many toxic gases contradict each other. There is a structurally contradictory problem of exhausting CO, and NOx increases due to a high temperature state due to the combustion temperature rise in the cylinder or high temperature combustion at complete combustion, but CO and HC decrease, but when fuel increases rapidly Combustion due to lack of oxygen results in large emissions of CO, HC and black smoke, and conversely reduces NOx.

Therefore, in consideration of such contradictory factors, the present invention proposes an internal combustion engine having a new structure with a new idea so that combustion control can be achieved by newly supplying gasoline in the combustion process.

[0005]

In view of the above, the present inventor has proposed a theoretical air-fuel ratio in a combustion method of a conventional gasoline engine or diesel engine, especially a direct injection type engine (having one combustion chamber). In the thin air-fuel ratio region, the injection timing is injected at a considerably delayed angle, and a small amount of gasoline is supplied during the first (ignition) and second periods to promote combustion A (direct injection diesel Engine only)
Any of the method B for promoting combustion by supplying a small amount of gasoline in the third and fourth periods (post-combustion period) of the combustion process in a thin air-fuel ratio region with a retard angle at the ignition timing of the gasoline engine or the injection timing of the diesel engine This method focuses on the combustion adjustment by such a method.

[0006]

Thus, the present inventor has added a gasoline injector to a conventional four-cycle engine to supply a small amount of gasoline to the combustion process to promote combustion efficiency by incomplete combustion and control high temperature combustion by complete combustion. Is what you do,
This combustion method (applicable only to the direct injection diesel engine) is used at a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio in a thin air-fuel ratio range to delay the combustion at a retarded injection timing to reduce CO and NOx, and the first phase ( Ignition period), a small amount of gasoline is supplied during the second period, combustion temperature is suppressed to a low level by promoting combustion in the first to fourth periods of the fuel combustion process, and NOx is further reduced. Can be supplemented by the supply of gasoline. Or used in the air-fuel ratio range thinner than the theoretical air-fuel ratio,
The third phase of the combustion process by light oil injection or ignition at a retard angle,
NOx is reduced by burning at a combustion temperature lower than the optimum combustion state in the 4th post-combustion period, and the combustion rate is increased by the supply of gasoline in the 3rd and 4th periods of the combustion process and the post-combustion period. The combustion is continued in two stages (like combustion in the sub-combustion chamber) and the combustion temperature during expansion is kept higher to promote oxidation and the hot gas temperature in the exhaust system is maintained. As a result, oxidation is further promoted, and HC can be reduced. Since the combustion is performed only in the main combustion chamber, the combustion pressure is not lost and the output loss is small. Further, economical efficiency can be obtained by wasteful increase due to sudden increase of fuel at acceleration or high load and reduction of non-combustion amount (because of thin air-fuel ratio). It is possible to control the optimal combustion by electronically controlling the amount and timing of gasoline supply. The gasoline injector may be a high-pressure pump for injection, and a small amount of lubricating oil may be mixed to prevent seizure of the injection pump.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In a four-cycle engine, a diesel engine and a gasoline engine are theoretically almost the same, and therefore, for convenience of explanation, the shapes of the engine, that is, the cylinder head are considered to be the same, and the mounting positions in the figure , The shape, size, or the like are considered to be the same for the sake of convenience, and the figure shows the case of a gasoline engine, but in the case of a diesel engine, there is no spark plug 9 and the fuel injection 8 in the gasoline engine is The same location as the injection nozzle 7 in the diesel engine.

Therefore, FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a gasoline engine, which is an embodiment in the case of injecting gasoline (a small amount of lubricating oil may be mixed) from the outside in an internal combustion engine which assists combustion by supplying gasoline. Is a main combustion chamber, 3 is a cylinder head, 4 is a gasoline injector, 5 is an intake valve, 6 is an exhaust valve, 8 is a fuel injection, 9 is a spark plug, 10 is a cylinder,
Reference numeral 11 is a connecting rod, and 12 is a crankshaft.

Next, referring to FIG. 1, a combustion method used in a direct injection type engine of a gasoline feed forced combustion type diesel engine of type A will be described. A piston 1 ascends during a compression process and is sucked into a cylinder. The air taken in from the intake valve 5 is compressed, and the diesel fuel is injected from the injection nozzle 7 into the main combustion chamber 2 at a retard angle immediately before top dead center to reduce NOx and CO in an air-fuel ratio range thinner than the theoretical air-fuel ratio. Then, when there was a fuel shortage in the first stage (ignition) and the second stage (explosive combustion period) of the combustion process, gasoline. A small amount of gasoline is injected from the injector 4 and burned, and the flame assists the combustion due to lack of fuel in the thin air-fuel ratio range and promotes the combustion continuation by performing combustion in two stages to raise the combustion temperature during expansion. The exhaust valve 6 is opened to enter the exhaust process, and the gas in the exhaust system is maintained at a high temperature to further promote the oxidation and reduce the generation of CO and HC. Then, the intake valve 5 is opened and the intake process is started, and the process returns to the compression process and the 4-cycle engine process is repeated.

Further, referring to FIG. 1, the combustion method of the gasoline supply forced combustion type gasoline engine or diesel engine of the B type will be explained. In the compression process, the piston 1 is moved upward by the intake valve 5 from the intake valve 5 by the intake process. The air taken in is compressed, and the fuel injected from the fuel injection 8 or the injection nozzle 7 into the main combustion chamber 2 at a retard angle immediately before top dead center is burned in a thinner air-fuel ratio range (NOx reduction, CO reduction) than the theoretical air-fuel ratio. ), And when the fuel becomes insufficient until the third period (direct combustion period) and the fourth period (post-combustion period) of the combustion process, gasoline. A small amount of gasoline is injected and supplied from the injector 4, and its flame assists combustion due to lack of fuel in a thin air-fuel ratio range, combustion is performed in two stages to promote continuation of combustion, and keep the combustion temperature at expansion high. To promote oxidation, the exhaust valve 6 opens to enter the exhaust process, and the gas in the exhaust system is maintained at a high temperature to further promote the oxidation and C
Reduces the generation of O and HC. Then, the intake valve 5 is opened and the intake process is started, and the process returns to the compression process and the 4-cycle engine process is repeated.

[0011]

As described above, according to the present invention, in the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, it is used in a thin air-fuel ratio range to delay the injection or ignition timing to reduce NOx as a fuel shortage and to reduce the combustion process. In the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd and 4th periods, a small amount of gasoline is injected and supplied to promote continuous combustion, and CO, HC
In the engine that suppresses the generation of NOx and reduces NOx which is contrary to this, and reduces the emission of harmful exhaust gas,
Diesel engine uses two types of fuel with different properties of light oil and gasoline, and gasoline engine uses two types of fuel with the same properties of gasoline and mixed gasoline, reducing exhaust gas emissions by a unique combustion method Let,
It is a low-cost and short-term practical engine.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a schematic diagram of a gasoline engine of an internal combustion engine according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Piston 2 Main Combustion Chamber 3 Cylinder Head 4 Gasoline Injector 5 Intake Valve 6 Exhaust Valve 7 Injection Nozzle 8 Fuel Injection 9 Spark Plug 10 Cylinder 11 Connecting Rod 12 Crankshaft

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A gasoline engine and a diesel engine, which are internal combustion engines, in particular a direct injection type of combustible fuel, the first period (ignition period), the second period or the third and fourth periods of the combustion process ( In the afterburning period), a small amount of gasoline is supplied to a combustible fuel to induce ignition or continue combustion to enhance a sufficient combustion effect to reduce CO and HC, and conversely increase NOx emissions. In order to reduce fuel consumption, a gasoline-fueled combusting engine is equipped with a gasoline injector that supplies gasoline from the outside during the combustion process in one cylinder head so as to adjust combustion.