JPH0747831A - Air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To attain energy saving effect without an sacrifice of comfortableness at the time of a manual mode by determining blow-off temperature based on auto mode wind quantity and required heat quantity when the auto mode wind quantity is larger than manual mode wind quantity at the time of judging the manual mode. CONSTITUTION:An ECU 68 which inputs respective data of a temperature sensitive setter 82, an inside air temperature sensor 77, an outside air temperature sensor 78, a solar radiation sensor 79, an evaporator outlet temperature sensor 80, and a condenser outlet, temperature sensor 81 determines heat quantity required for air conditioning. Whether it is in an auto mode or a manual mode is judged, and at the time of manual mode, an auto mode wind quantity VA0 or a manual mode wind quantity VM are compared with each other. In the case of VA0>=VM, blow-off temperature TA0 is determined based on VA0 and QA0. In the case of VA0<VM, the blow-off temperature TA0 is determined based on VM and QA0. It is thus possible to attain comfortable air conditioning, at the time of the manual mode, by supplying proper heat quantity (= required heat quantity QA0) to the inside of a room.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air conditioner having a function of controlling the temperature and amount of air blown into a room.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a so-called auto air conditioner mounted on a recent automobile, when the operation mode is switched to an auto (AUTO) mode, the temperature inside the passenger compartment is maintained at a set temperature set by a temperature setting switch. The blowout temperature and blown air volume are automatically controlled. When this automatic mode is switched to the manual mode where the air volume is set manually, the air volume is fixed to the air volume set by the air volume selector switch, and the air temperature is adjusted to maintain the temperature inside the vehicle at the set temperature. To control.

[0003]

In the conventional structure described above, when the blow-off air volume is set in the manual mode, if the blow-off air volume is larger than the auto-mode wind volume in the manual mode, the blow-out temperature during cooling is lower than that in the auto mode. Corrected to be higher. In this case, in order to generate the same amount of heat, it is better to use a large air volume
Since the (coefficient of performance) can be improved, there is an advantage that the COP of the refrigeration cycle can be improved and the energy saving effect can be obtained by increasing the air volume in the manual mode.

However, when the air volume in the manual mode is smaller than the air volume in the automatic mode, the temperature in the passenger compartment is kept at the set temperature with a small air volume, so that the outlet temperature during cooling becomes lower than that in the automatic mode. Is corrected as follows. Therefore, contrary to the above case, there is a drawback that the COP of the refrigeration cycle is reduced and the energy consumption is increased.

The present invention has been made in consideration of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide an air conditioner capable of obtaining an energy saving effect without impairing comfort in the manual mode.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the air conditioner of the present invention has a function of controlling the blowout temperature and the blown air volume of the air blown into the room, and is required for the air conditioning of the room. The means for obtaining the heat quantity, the operation mode determination means for determining whether the automatic mode for automatically controlling the blow-out air volume or the manual mode for setting the blow-out air volume by the manual operation, and the automatic mode air volume and the manual mode air volume are compared in the manual mode. When the auto mode air volume is larger, the blowout temperature is determined based on the auto mode air volume and the required heat quantity, and when the manual mode air volume is larger, the blowout temperature is determined based on the manual mode air volume and the required heat quantity. And a blowout temperature determining means for determining the blowout temperature.

[0007]

In the air conditioning operation, the amount of heat required for air conditioning in the room is obtained, and the operation mode determining means determines whether the mode is the automatic mode or the manual mode. As a result, when it is determined to be the manual mode, the blowout temperature determining means compares the automatic mode air volume with the manual mode air volume, and when the automatic mode air volume is larger, the blowout temperature is determined based on the automatic mode air volume and the required heat amount. Determine the temperature. In this case, even if the manual mode air volume is smaller than the automatic mode air volume, the blowout temperature is the same as in the automatic mode, so the amount of heat supplied to the room is less than the required heat amount, but the occupant does not have the manual mode air volume. Is smaller when the passenger wants to weaken the heating and cooling, so as a result, the blowout temperature matches the warmth of the passenger,
Comfort is improved than before. Moreover, since the amount of heat supplied to the room is small, an energy saving effect can be obtained.

On the other hand, when the air volume in the manual mode is larger than the air volume in the automatic mode, the outlet temperature is determined based on the air volume in the manual mode and the required heat quantity. As a result, an appropriate amount of heat (= necessary amount of heat) is supplied to the room, and comfort is maintained.

[0009]

【Example】

[First Embodiment] A first embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an air conditioner for an electric vehicle will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9. First, the schematic configuration of the entire air conditioner will be described with reference to FIG. On the upstream side of the blower case 21, there are provided an outside air suction port 22 for sucking air (outside air) outside the vehicle compartment and two inside air suction ports 23, 24 for sucking air (inside air) inside the vehicle compartment. An inside / outside air damper 25 is provided at an intermediate portion between the inside air inlet 23 and the outside air inlet 22, and the opening degree of the inside / outside air damper 25 is adjusted by a servo motor 26 to adjust the outside air inlet 22 and the inside air. Intake port 23,2
The intake air temperature is adjusted by changing the mixing ratio of the air sucked from No. 4. The blower 2 is provided on the downstream side of the inside / outside air damper 25 and on the downstream side of the inside air suction port 24, respectively.
7 and 28 are provided, and both blowers 27 and 28 are attached to the rotation shaft of a blower motor 29. The blower motor 29 is driven by the drive circuit 30. Further, the passages are partitioned by the partition plate 32b on the downstream side of the blowers 27, 28.

On the other hand, an evaporator 31 is arranged on the downstream side of the blowers 27, 28, and the downstream side of the evaporator 31 is partitioned by a partition plate 32 into two upper and lower ventilation passages 33, 34. A condenser 35 is arranged in the lower ventilation passage 34, and an upper portion of the condenser 35 is projected into the upper ventilation passage 33. This capacitor 35
A strong cooling damper 36 is disposed above the, and by driving the strong cooling damper 36 by a servo motor 37,
The air volume that bypasses the condenser 35 is variable. Further, the partition plate 32 on the downstream side of the condenser 35
A communication damper 38 is disposed in the communication port 32a provided in the drive unit 32. By driving the communication damper 38 by a servomotor 39, the amount of air passing through the communication port 32a of the partition plate 32 can be changed to a single mode. (For example, "VENT"
Mode, "FOOT" mode, etc.).

A diff outlet 40 and a vent outlet 41 are provided downstream of the upper ventilation passage 33, and a wide outlet 42 and a spot outlet 43 are provided downstream of the vent outlet 41. ing. In this case, the wide air outlet 42, as shown in FIG.
And an instrument panel 45 on the passenger side are formed in a laterally long shape, and a small air volume (for example, 200 m ³ / h, wind speed 3 m /
The wind of (sec) is blown out gently. On the other hand, the spot air outlet 43 is connected to the instrument panel 4
A total of four places are provided at the center part and the left and right end parts of 5, and a large air volume (for example, 400 m ³ /
h, the wind speed is 10 m / sec). The small air volume (wide air outlet 42) and the large air volume (spot air outlet 43) are switched between the spot / wide switching damper 46 provided on the outlet side of the vent air passage 41.
(See FIG. 2) is driven by the servo motor 47.

Further, dampers 48 and 49 are provided on the inlet side of the vent outlet passage 41 and the differential outlet 40, respectively, and these dampers 48 and 49 serve as servomotors 50 and 5, respectively.
It is driven by 1. On the other hand, a foot outlet 52 that blows wind toward the feet of the occupant is provided on the downstream side of the lower ventilation passage 34, and a damper 54 driven by a servo motor 53 is also provided at the foot outlet 52. Has been. Each damper 36, 38, 46, 25
The operation is performed as shown in Table 1 below according to the blowing mode.

[0013]

[Table 1]

In Table 1, the air is blown from the spot outlet 43 in the "FACE / spot" mode and the wide outlet 4 in the "FACE / wide" mode.
2 blows the wind, and in the "B / L" mode, the wind blows from both the wide air outlet 42 and the foot air outlet 52,
In the "FOOT" mode, the air is blown from the foot outlet 52 and the differential outlet 40 at a ratio of 80:20, and the "FOO
In the "T / DEF" mode, the air is blown from the foot outlet 52 and the differential outlet 40 at a ratio of 50:50, and the "DE
In the "F" mode, the dampers 46, 48, 49 and 54 are switched so that the wind is blown from the differential air outlet 40. The opening degree of the inside / outside air damper 25 is linearly controlled as described later.

On the other hand, the evaporator 31 and the condenser 35 described above are components of the refrigeration cycle 55 which also serves as a heat pump. This refrigeration cycle 55 includes a compressor 56, a four-way switching valve 57, an outdoor heat exchanger 58, check valves 59 and 60, a capillary 61, solenoid valves 62 and 63,
64, the pressure reducing valve 65, the accumulator 90, the evaporator 31, and the condenser 35 are connected by piping. The electromagnetic valves 62, 63, 64 and the four-way switching valve 57 are switched as shown in Table 2 below according to the operation mode of the refrigeration cycle 55.

[0016]

[Table 2]

As is apparent from Table 2, in the cooling mode, the four-way switching valve 57 is switched to the position (on position) shown by the dotted line in FIG.
The refrigerant discharged from a is a check valve 59 → the outdoor heat exchanger 5
8 → Capillary 61 → Evaporator 31 → Accumulator 90 → Suction port 56b of the compressor 56. As a result, the discharge port 56a of the compressor 56
The high temperature gas refrigerant discharged from the heat exchanger 58 dissipates heat and liquefies in the outdoor heat exchanger 58, and the liquid refrigerant evaporates in the evaporator 31 to cool the wind passing through the evaporator 31.

On the other hand, in the heating mode, the four-way switching valve 57 is switched to the position (off position) shown by the solid line in FIG.
The refrigerant discharged from the discharge port 56a of the compressor 56 circulates in the path of the condenser 35, the pressure reducing valve 65, the check valve 60, the outdoor heat exchanger 58, the solenoid valve 62, the accumulator 90, and the suction port 56b of the compressor 56. As a result, the high temperature gas refrigerant discharged from the discharge port 56a of the compressor 56 radiates heat and liquefies in the condenser 35, and the heat radiation warms the wind passing through the condenser 35.

In the defrosting mode, the four-way switching valve 57 is in the position shown by the solid line in FIG. 2, the solenoid valve 63 is opened, and the high temperature gas refrigerant discharged from the discharge port 56a of the compressor 56 is discharged from the condenser 35 and the solenoid valve. It is also supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 58 via 63 to remove the frost adhering to the surface of the outdoor heat exchanger 58.

Further, in the dehumidifying H mode, the four-way switching valve 57
Is the position shown by the solid line in FIG. 2, the solenoid valve 63 is closed and the solenoid valve 6
4 is opened, part of the liquid refrigerant supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 58 is also supplied to the evaporator 31, and the evaporator 31 is dehumidified by the weaker cooling action. Further, in the dehumidification C mode, the four-way switching valve 57 is at the position shown by the solid line in FIG. 2, the solenoid valve 63 is opened, and the outdoor heat exchanger 58 also functions as the condenser 35 together with the condenser 35. The refrigerant liquefied in both the outdoor heat exchanger 58 is supplied to the evaporator 31, and the evaporator 3
It is dehumidified by the strong cooling action of 1.

The outdoor heat exchanger 58 is provided with an outdoor fan 89 for forced cooling, and the fan motor 89a of the outdoor fan 89 has a refrigeration cycle 5 as shown in FIG.
High-speed rotation “Hi”, low-speed rotation “Lo”, stop “OF” according to the operation mode of 5 and output data of various sensors described later.
For example, in the cooling mode, the outside air temperature Tam detected by the outside air temperature sensor 78 becomes “Hi” at 25 ° C. or higher and becomes “Lo” at 22 ° C. or lower. In heating mode, outside temperature Tam
Becomes "Hi" below 13 ℃, and "Lo" above 16 ℃
Becomes In the dehumidification H mode, when the temperature difference [TAO-Tc] between the blow-out temperature TAO described later and the wind temperature immediately after passing through the condenser 35 (hereinafter referred to as "condenser outlet temperature") Tc is 0 ° C or less, it becomes “OFF” and becomes 2 ° C. As described above, it becomes "Hi" and becomes "Lo" in the range of 1 ° C → 2 ° C and 1 ° C → 0 ° C.
Further, in the dehumidification C mode, Hi> Lo due to the refrigerant discharge pressure Pr of the compressor 56, the condenser outlet temperatures Tc, and TAO-Tc detected by the refrigerant discharge pressure sensor 88.
It is determined by the priority order of> OFF. For example, if the refrigerant discharge pressure Pr is 19 kgf / cm @ 2 G or more, then Tc, T
Whatever the value of AO-Tc, it is always "Hi". Similarly, if TAO-Tc is -2 ° C or lower,
Even if the refrigerant discharge pressure Pr is lower than 19 kg / cm @ 2 G, it is always "Hi".

On the other hand, the compressor 5 of the refrigeration cycle 55
The rotation speed of the motor 66 that drives 6 is controlled by an inverter 67. This inverter 67, servo motors 26, 37, 39, 47, 50, 51, 53,
The fan motor 89a of the outdoor fan 89 and the drive circuit 30 of the blower motor 29 are electronic control units (hereinafter referred to as "EC
U ”) 68. This ECU 68
Is mainly composed of a microcomputer, CP
U69, RAM70 for temporarily storing various data,
ROM 71 in which the control program of FIG. 1 and the like are stored,
A / D converter 7 for converting input data into digital values
2, an I / O unit 73, a crystal oscillator 74 that generates a reference signal of several MHz, and the like, and power is supplied from a battery 75 via an ignition switch 76.

The ECU 68 includes an inside air temperature sensor 77 for detecting the inside air temperature Tr, an outside air temperature sensor 78 for detecting the outside air temperature Tam, a solar radiation sensor 79 for detecting the amount of solar radiation Ts entering the passenger compartment, and a cold air temperature immediately after passing through the evaporator 31. (Hereinafter referred to as "evaporator outlet temperature") an evaporator outlet temperature sensor 80 for detecting Te, a condenser outlet temperature sensor 81 for detecting a condenser outlet temperature Tc, a refrigerant discharge pressure sensor 88 for detecting a refrigerant discharge pressure Pr of the compressor 56, a control target. The output signal from the temperature sensation setter 82 or the like for the occupant to manually set the set temperature sensation Sset is obtained through the A / D converter 72.

The warmth setting device 82 described above is provided with the cool key 8
2a and warming key 82b, as shown in FIG.
It is provided on an air conditioner control panel 83 arranged at the center of the instrument panel 45. As shown in FIG. 3, the air conditioner control panel 83 is provided with a temperature sensation display section 84 in which a plurality of light emitting elements 84n are arranged in a row above the temperature sensation setter 82. The warmth display section 84 includes a cool key 82a and a warm key 82b.
The set temperature sensation Sset input by is displayed. This set temperature sensation Sset is an index indicating how cool or warm the average temperature of 25 ° C. is as a reference [see FIG. 6 (a)] and before operating the keys 82 a and 82 b. In the state, the light emitting element 84n in the center of the temperature sensation display section 84 is lit, and each time the cool key 82a is pressed, the set temperature sensation Sset is decreased by one rank and the lighting position is shifted to the left one by one, Each time the warming key 82b is pressed, the set temperature sensation Sset is increased by one rank and the lighting position is shifted to the right one by one.

In addition, the air conditioner control panel 83
Is provided with an air conditioner on / off switch 85, a rear defogger switch 86, and a front defroster switch 87, and further has an auto (AUTO) switch 91 for switching the air conditioning operation from a manual mode to an automatic mode, and an off switch 92 for stopping the air conditioning operation. There are four manual mode air flow rate changeover switches Lo, M1, M2, Hi for switching the manual mode air flow rate in four stages.

On the other hand, the ECU 68 executes the control program shown in FIG. 1 so that the heat quantity QAO required for air conditioning in the room is increased.
It also functions as an operation mode determination means for determining whether it is the automatic mode or the manual mode. Further, in the manual mode, the automatic mode air volume VAO is compared with the manual mode air volume VM, and when VAO ≧ VM, the automatic mode air volume VAO is calculated. And the required heat quantity QAO, the blowout temperature TAO is determined. When VAO <VM, the blowout temperature TAO is also determined based on the manual mode airflow VM and the required heat quantity QAO.

The control contents of the ECU 68 will be described below with reference to the flowchart of FIG. First, in step 100, initialization processing for initializing counters and flags used for the subsequent arithmetic processing is executed, and then step 11
The set temperature sensation Sset input by operating the temperature sensation setter 82 is read, and the inside air temperature sensor 7
7, outside air temperature sensor 78, solar radiation sensor 79, evaporator outlet temperature sensor 80 and condenser outlet temperature sensor 8
Each data of the inside air temperature Tr, the outside air temperature Tam, the solar radiation amount Ts, the evaporator outlet temperature Te and the condenser outlet temperature Tc detected by 1 is read.

Next, at step 120, the set temperature Tset is obtained from the set temperature sensation Sset, the outside air temperature Tam and the solar radiation amount Ts by the following equation (1). Tset = f (Sset, Tam, Ts) = Tset '+ [Delta] Tam + [Delta] Ts (1) where Tset' = 25 + 0.4Sset ..
See (a) ΔTam = (10−Tam) / 20 …… See FIG. 6 (b) ΔTs = −Ts / 1000 …… See FIG. 6 (c)

After the set temperature Tset has been calculated as described above, the routine proceeds to step 130, where the set temperature Tset in the passenger compartment is set.
The heat quantity QAO required to maintain the set value is calculated by the following equation (2). QAO = K1 * Tset-K2 * Tr-K3 * Tam-K4 * Ts + C (2) where K1, K2, K3 and K4 are coefficients and C is a constant. This equation (2) is apparently the same as the conventional one, but each coefficient K
1, K2, K3, K4 and constant C are set to values considerably larger than before.

After calculating the required heat quantity QAO by the above equation (2), the routine proceeds to step 140, and it is judged as follows whether the air conditioning state at that time is a steady state or a transient state. First, a temperature difference | Tset-Tr | between the set temperature Tset and the inside air temperature Tr is calculated, and this | Tset-Tr |
Is less than or equal to a predetermined value δ (for example, δ = 3 ° C.), and if | Tset −Tr | ≦ δ, it is determined to be a steady state.
If | Tset-Tr |> δ, it is determined that the state is a transient state.

In the steady state, the routine proceeds to step 141, where the air volume VB is obtained from the air volume characteristic with respect to the required heat quantity QAO in the steady state shown in FIG. 7, and this air volume VB is set as the blowing air volume VAO (this VAO is It becomes the auto mode air volume at regular time). In FIG. 7, the air flow rate / temperature characteristic of this embodiment is shown by a solid line, and the air flow rate / temperature characteristic of the conventional auto air conditioner is shown by a chain line. As is apparent from FIG. 7, the air volume characteristic of the present embodiment increases the air volume VB in the region where the required heat quantity QAO is small in comparison with the conventional air volume in order to improve the COP of the refrigeration cycle 55. It is set so that the occupant does not feel uncomfortable with the wind. By adopting such an air flow rate characteristic, the temperature characteristic of the present embodiment is set so that the blowout temperature TAO is, for example, 5 ° C. higher than that in the conventional case during cooling and 15 ° C. lower than that in the conventional case during heating.

On the other hand, if it is determined in step 140 that the transient state is reached, the flow proceeds to step 142 to calculate the blown air volume VAO according to the following equation (3) (this VAO is in the automatic mode air volume during the transient state). Will be). VAO = VB + ΔV (3) Here, VB is the required heat quantity Q in the steady state shown in FIG.
It is calculated from the air flow rate characteristics for AO. Further, ΔV is a corrected air volume, which is obtained from the corrected air volume characteristic with respect to Tr-Tset shown in FIG. In this embodiment, the corrected air flow rate ΔV is set to be “0” during heating.
The reason for this is that if the blow-out air volume VAO is significantly increased during heating, the blow-out temperature TAO will drop too much, and the warmth felt by the blown wind will be rather reduced (however, during heating, as will be described later). May be set so that ΔV> 0 within a range that does not give an occupant a discomfort).

When the blown air volume VAO is determined in step 141 or 142 described above, the routine proceeds to step 150, where it is determined whether the air volume setting mode is the automatic mode or the manual mode. This determination is determined to be the manual mode if any of the manual mode air volume changeover switches 93 to 96 is turned on, and is determined to be the automatic mode otherwise. If it is determined in step 150 that the mode is the auto mode, the routine proceeds to step 151, where the value VAO determined at the above-mentioned step 141 or 142 is set to the air volume VA blowing into the vehicle interior, and the routine proceeds to step 160.

On the other hand, in the case of the manual mode, the routine proceeds to step 152, where the manual mode air volume VM is set as follows depending on which of the manual mode air volume changeover switches Lo, M1, M2, Hi is turned on.
For example, when Lo is on, VM = 200 (m ³ / h), M1
VM = 270 (m ³ / h) when ON, VM = 340 (m ³ / h) when M 2 is ON, VM = 4 when Hi is ON
00 (m ³ / h).

Thereafter, the routine proceeds to step 153, where this manual mode air volume VM is compared with the automatic mode air volume VAO obtained in step 141 or 142 described above, and if the automatic mode air volume VAO is greater than the manual mode air volume VM, In step 154, the manual mode air volume VM is set to the air volume VA blown into the vehicle interior, and the automatic mode air flow VAO is set to VAO 'for calculating the blowout temperature TAO by the equation (4) described later.

On the other hand, when the manual mode air volume VM is larger than the automatic mode air volume VAO, step 1
Proceeding to 55, the manual mode air volume VM is set to the air volume VA blowing into the vehicle interior, and the manual mode air volume VM is set to VAO 'for calculating the air outlet temperature TAO by the equation (4) described later.

As described above, step 154 or 15
When VA and VAO 'are determined in step 5, the process proceeds to step 160, and the outlet temperature TAO is calculated by the following equation (4). TAO = QAO / (Cp.γ.VAO ') + Tr = 3.57 × QAO / VAO' + Tr (4) [Cp: specific heat of air, γ: specific gravity of air (25 ° C)] Formula (4) above The inside VAO 'is VAO' when VAO≥VM
= VAO (step 154). Therefore, even if the manual mode air volume VM is smaller than the automatic mode air volume VAO, the blowout temperature TAO calculated by the above equation (4) is the same as that in the automatic mode, so that the amount of heat supplied to the room is 130. It is less than the calculated required heat quantity QAO, but when the occupant wants to reduce the manual mode air volume VM, it is because the occupant wants to weaken the heating and cooling, and as a result, the blowing temperature that matches the sensation of the occupant's temperature. It becomes TAO and the comfort is improved compared to the past. Moreover, since the amount of heat supplied to the room is small, an energy saving effect can be obtained.

On the other hand, when the manual mode air volume VM is larger than the automatic mode air volume VAO, VAO '= VM, so the outlet temperature TAO is calculated based on the manual mode air volume VM and the required heat quantity QAO calculated in step 130. It As a result, an appropriate amount of heat (= required amount of heat QAO) is supplied to the room, and comfort is maintained.

When the outlet temperature TAO is calculated by the above-mentioned equation (4), the routine proceeds to step 170, where the inside air intake port 2
The opening degree of the inside / outside air damper 25 is set as follows in a direction to reduce the temperature difference between the temperature Tin (hereinafter referred to as “intake air temperature”) Tin and the blowout temperature TAO. calculate. Generally, the intake air temperature Tin is calculated by the following equation (5). Tin = α · Tam + (1−α) · Tr (5) (α: mixing ratio of outside air) Using this relationship, first, the outlet temperature TAO and the intake air temperature Tin at the time of complete inside air (α = 0) The absolute value Tdi of the temperature difference from (= Tr) is calculated by the following equation (6). Tdi = | TAO-Tr | (6) Next, the blow-out temperature T at the maximum intake of outside air (α is maximum)
The absolute value Tdo of the temperature difference between AO and the intake air temperature Tin is given in (7) below.
Calculate by formula. Tdo = | TAO- {α · Tam + (1-α) · Tr} | (7) After that, Tdi and Tdo are compared to determine the magnitude, and T
If di ≦ Tdo, the inside air mode (α = 0) is set, and the outside air suction port 22 is fully closed by the inside / outside air damper 25.

On the other hand, if Tdi> Tdo, the outside air mode is set, and the mixing ratio x of the outside air is calculated by the following equation (8). x = (TAO-Tr) / (Tam-Tr) (8) x calculated by the equation (8) is a value (αmax) at the maximum intake of the outside air and a value (α) at the inside air mode. = 0)
When 0 ≦ x ≦ αmax, the x is set as a target outside air mixing ratio, and the opening degree of the inside / outside air damper 25 is linear (linear) so as to realize the target outside air mixing ratio x. It becomes the combination mode of inside and outside air that can be changed to.

By performing such control, the opening degree of the inside / outside air damper 25 is automatically adjusted so as to reduce the difference between the blowout temperature TAO and the intake air temperature Tin, and the amount of heat given to the sucked air (the required amount of heat) QAO) is small and further power saving is possible.

In step 170 described above, the inside / outside air damper 2
When the calculation of the opening degree of 5 is completed, the process proceeds to step 180, and it is determined whether the operation mode of the refrigeration cycle 55 is cooling or heating as follows. First,
The intake air temperature Tin is calculated by the above equation (5). In this case, the above-described step 170 is performed as the mixing ratio α of the outside air.
The intake air temperature Tin is calculated by using x calculated in (4). Next, the temperature difference TM between the outlet temperature TAO and the intake air temperature Tin is calculated by the following equation (9). TM = TAO-Tin (9) Then, when TM ≥ + θ (for example, θ = 2 ° C), the heating mode is set, and when TM ≤ -θ, the cooling mode is set,-
When θ <TM <+ θ, the compressor 56 of the refrigeration cycle 55 is stopped.

After determining the operation mode of the refrigerating cycle 55 in this way, the routine proceeds to step 190, where each of the dampers 36, 38, and 38, based on the blowing temperature TAO and the blowing air amount VAO.
The opening degree of 46, 48, 49, 54 is determined, and the blowing mode is set to "FACE (spot)", "FACE (wide)",
"B / L", "FOOT", "FOOT / DEF",
Decide to either "DEF". Details of this blowing mode are shown in Table 1 above.

The various control data determined as described above are output to each device (step 200), and thereafter, the process returns to step 110 and the processing is repeated to control the air conditioning operation. At this time, steps 151, 1
The blower voltage applied to the blower motor 29 in order to realize the air volume VA determined by 54 and 155 is determined according to the blow mode by the voltage characteristics of FIG.

In this case, the compressor 56 of the refrigeration cycle 55 is stopped when the blowout temperature TAO required to maintain the vehicle interior at the set temperature Tset can be produced by mixing the inside air and the outside air. On the other hand, when the required blow-out temperature TAO cannot be produced only by the inside and outside air, the compressor 67 is driven by the inverter 67 and the refrigeration cycle 55 is operated in the operation mode determined in step 180. At this time, in the cooling mode, feedback control is performed by PI control or fuzzy control for the evaporator outlet temperature Te detected by the evaporator outlet temperature sensor 80, and in the heating mode, the condenser outlet temperature sensor 81 detects the condenser. P for the outlet temperature Tc
Feedback control is performed by I control or fuzzy control.

When performing PI control, first, the following (1)
The temperature deviation En is calculated by the equation 0). En = TAOn-Tn (10) Here, the subscript n of each variable indicates that it is the nth sample value, TAOn indicates the outlet temperature obtained in steps 142 and 144, and Tn indicates the cooling mode. Evaporator outlet temperature Te, in heating mode condenser outlet temperature Tc
Indicates.

Next, the frequency change amount D of the inverter 67
fn is calculated by the following equation (11). Dfn = Kp {(En-En-1) + t / TI.En} (11) where Kp is the proportional gain, t is the sample time, and TI
Is the integration time. From the frequency change amount Dfn, the target frequency fn of the inverter 67 is calculated by the following equation (12). fn = fn-1 + Dfn (12) This target frequency fn is output to the inverter 67 to control the rotation speed of the compressor 56.

According to the first embodiment described above, the automatic mode air volume VAO is compared with the manual mode air volume VM in the manual mode, and when VAO≥VM, the automatic mode air volume VAO and the required heat quantity QAO are used. Since the outlet temperature TAO is determined, when VAO ≧ VM, the outlet temperature TAO is the same as in the auto mode, and the amount of heat supplied to the room is less than the required amount of heat QAO calculated in step 130. Since the occupant wants to weaken the heating and cooling when the mode air volume VM is reduced, the outlet temperature TAO that matches the warmth of the occupant is eventually obtained, and the comfort is improved compared to the conventional case. Moreover,
Since the amount of heat supplied to the room is small, an energy saving effect can be obtained. On the other hand, when the manual mode air volume VM is larger than the automatic mode air volume VAO, the outlet temperature TAO
Is calculated on the basis of the manual mode air volume VM and the required heat quantity QAO calculated in step 130, so that an appropriate amount of heat (= required heat quantity QAO) is supplied to the room and comfort is maintained.

In the first embodiment described above, when the automatic mode air volume VAO and the manual mode air volume VM have the same value (VAO = VM), the process proceeds to step 154, but even if the process proceeds to step 154, it is exactly the same. It goes without saying that the results will be obtained.

[Second Embodiment] In the first embodiment, the temperature sensation Sset is set by manual operation of the temperature sensation setter 82, and the set temperature Tset is calculated from the set temperature sensation Sset, the outside air temperature Tam and the solar radiation amount Ts. However, the temperature setting device 82 is replaced with a set temperature switch (not shown) for manually setting the set temperature Tset, and the set temperature Tset is set by manually operating the set temperature switch. It may be done. In this case, step 120 of FIG. 1 becomes unnecessary.

[Third Embodiment] In the first embodiment, the determination of the steady state / transient state is made by determining the absolute value | Tset-Tr | of the temperature difference between the set temperature Tset and the inside air temperature Tr by a predetermined value δ (for example, δ = 3).
C)) or less, but it is determined by
As shown in, the steady / transient determination may be made based on the magnitude of the changing speed of (Tr-Tset) per unit time. In this case, the corrected air volume ΔV is obtained from the corrected air volume characteristic of FIG. 10 in accordance with the changing speed of (Tr-Tset) per unit time.

In addition, the steady / transient determination is made by determining the inside temperature T
The determination may be made based on the magnitude of the rate of change of r per unit time, or the length of the elapsed time after the start of the air conditioning operation.
When it is detected by the output signal 9 that a sudden change in the external environmental condition is detected, it may be judged as "transient".

[Fourth Embodiment] A seat heater for warming a seat of an automobile, a radiant heater provided on an inner panel of a door,
Or HWS (Heating Win) that heats window glass
In a configuration including a temperature sensation auxiliary device such as a dow shield), it is necessary to determine whether the temperature sensation auxiliary device operates (step 131) between step 130 and step 140 of FIG. 1 as shown in FIG. 11. A process of correcting the heat quantity QAO (step 132) is added.

In this case, in the operation determination of the temperature sensation auxiliary device in step 131, whether the required heat quantity QAO calculated in step 130 is QAO ≧ β (heating is required) or QAO <β (heating is not required). If QAO ≧ β, the temperature sensation auxiliary device is turned on to supplement the heating capacity. On the other hand, QAO <
If β, there is no need for heating, so the temperature sensation auxiliary device is turned off.

Also, the required heat quantity Q in step 132
In the correction of AO, in order to reduce the blowing temperature TAO of the warm air according to the amount of heat generated by the warm auxiliary device, the necessary heat amount QAO is reduced by the amount of heat generated by the warm auxiliary device.

[Other Embodiments] In the case of the first embodiment, during cooling, during the transition, the blowing air volume VAO is increased by the correction air volume ΔV from the steady state to improve the COP of the refrigeration cycle 55. However, when heating, the correction air volume Δ
Since V is set to “0” (see FIG. 8), the air volume characteristic is the same in the transient state as in the steady state. The reason for this is that if the amount of blown air VAO is greatly increased during heating, the blown air temperature TAO will drop too much, and the warmth felt by the blown wind will be rather reduced.

However, even during heating, the corrected air flow rate ΔV
May be set to ΔV> 0 to increase the blown air volume VAO during a transition to such an extent that the passenger does not feel uncomfortable. In this case, the blowout temperature TAO decreases in accordance with the increase amount of the blown air amount VAO, but the amount of heat given to the vehicle interior can secure the required amount of heat by the increase of the blown air amount, so that the heating capacity is not lowered and the heating capacity during heating is not increased. Refrigeration cycle 55 even during transition
COP can be improved.

In the first embodiment, the present invention is applied to an air conditioner for an electric vehicle, but the present invention is applied to various air conditioners such as an air conditioner for an engine-driven automobile and a house air conditioner. Needless to say, it is okay. In the case of an engine-driven automobile air conditioner, a heat core in which engine cooling water circulates may be used as a heat source during heating, and in a general air conditioner, an electric heater is used as a heat source during heating. Is also good.

Further, in the first embodiment, the wind is blown out strongly from the spot outlet 43 when the air volume is large, and the air is blown out gently from the wide air outlet 42 when the air volume is small. The air may be blown out from both the air outlets 42 and 43 at the same time. Of course, a configuration without spot / wide switching may be adopted, and in this case, the spot / wide switching damper 46 becomes unnecessary.

The temperature sensation setter 82 is not limited to the key input type, but may be constituted by using a dial switch, for example. In addition, it goes without saying that the present invention can be implemented with various modifications such as appropriate modification of the configuration related to air blowing and the configuration of the warmth display unit 84.

[0061]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, in the manual mode, the automatic mode air volume is compared with the manual mode air volume, and when the automatic mode air volume is larger, the automatic mode air volume and the necessary amount are required. Since the blowout temperature is determined based on the amount of heat, in this case the blowout temperature is the same as in the auto mode, and the amount of heat supplied to the room is less than the required amount of heat, but the occupant reduces the manual mode air flow rate. Since the occupant feels that he / she wants to weaken the heating / cooling, the resulting blowout temperature matches the warmth of the occupant, and the comfort level is improved compared to the conventional case. Moreover, since the amount of heat supplied to the room is small, an energy saving effect can be obtained. On the other hand, when the manual mode air volume is larger than the automatic mode air volume, the outlet temperature is determined based on the manual mode air volume and the required heat quantity, so an appropriate amount of heat (= required heat quantity) is supplied to the room and comfort is maintained. To be done.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a control program of a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of the entire air conditioner.

FIG. 3 is a front view of an instrument panel portion of an automobile.

[Figure 4] Front view of the air conditioner control panel

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a relationship between a refrigeration cycle operation mode and an outdoor fan operation mode.

6A is a diagram showing a relationship between a set temperature sensation Sset and Tset ', FIG. 6B is a diagram showing a relationship between outside air temperature Tam and ΔTam, and FIG. 6C is a relationship between solar radiation amount Ts and ΔTs. Showing

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the air volume / temperature characteristics in a steady state.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a relationship between Tr −Tset and a corrected air volume ΔV.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the relationship between the blown air volume VAO and the blower voltage.

FIG. 10 shows (Tr −Tset) in the third embodiment of the present invention.
Showing the relationship between the change speed of) and the correction air volume ΔV

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a part of a control program in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

22 ... Outside air inlet, 23, 24 ... Inside air inlet, 25 ... Inside / outside air damper, 31 ... Evaporator, 35 ... Condenser,
40 ... Differential air outlet, 42 ... Wide air outlet, 43 ... Spot air outlet, 46 ... Spot / wide switching damper, 52 ...
Foot outlet, 55 ... Refrigeration cycle, 56 ... Compressor, 57 ... Four-way switching valve, 58 ... Outdoor heat exchanger, 61 ... Capillary, 62-64 ... Electromagnetic valve, 65 ... Pressure reducing valve, 67 ...
Inverter, 68 ... ECU (operating mode determination means, outlet temperature determination means), 77 ... Inside air temperature sensor, 78 ... Outside air temperature sensor, 79 ... Solar radiation sensor, 80 ... Evaporator outlet temperature sensor, 81 ... Condenser outlet temperature sensor, 82 ...
Temperature sensation setting device, 82a ... Cooling key, 82b ... Warming key, 84 ... Temperature sensation display section, 88 ... Refrigerant pressure sensor, 89 ...
Outdoor fan, Lo, M1, M2, Hi ... Manual mode air volume selector switch.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yuji Takeo 1-1-1, Showa-cho, Kariya city, Aichi prefecture Nihon Denso Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An air conditioner having a function of controlling the temperature and amount of air blown into a room, and a means for obtaining the amount of heat required for air conditioning in the room, and an automatic mode or a manual operation for automatically controlling the amount of air blown. In the manual mode, the operation mode determination means for determining whether or not the blowout air volume is set to the manual mode is compared with the auto mode air volume and the manual mode air volume. When the auto mode air volume is larger, the auto mode air volume and the required heat amount are compared. And an outlet temperature determining means for determining the outlet temperature based on the manual mode air volume and the required heat quantity when the manual mode air volume is larger.