JPH0749024A - Heating method by electromagnetic wave and electromagnetic wave absorbing heating body - Google Patents
Heating method by electromagnetic wave and electromagnetic wave absorbing heating bodyInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0749024A JPH0749024A JP5215068A JP21506893A JPH0749024A JP H0749024 A JPH0749024 A JP H0749024A JP 5215068 A JP5215068 A JP 5215068A JP 21506893 A JP21506893 A JP 21506893A JP H0749024 A JPH0749024 A JP H0749024A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- electromagnetic wave
- oxide
- heating element
- heating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2013—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means
- F01N3/202—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means using microwaves
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、電磁波を照射すること
により発熱する金属酸化物を用いた発熱方法及び発熱
体、特に昇温特性に優れた、自動車等の内燃機関の燃焼
排気ガスの加熱に有用な発熱方法及び発熱体に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heating method and a heating element using a metal oxide which generates heat by irradiating electromagnetic waves, and particularly to heating of combustion exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine of an automobile or the like having excellent temperature rising characteristics. And a heating element useful for
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】自動車の燃焼排気ガスの浄化は、一般に
燃焼排気ガスを触媒と接触させることにより、ガス中の
ハイドロカーボン、すす、ＮＯx 等を酸化及び還元させ
ることにより行われる。しかし、これらハイドロカーボ
ン等の酸化及び還元には、約４００〜４５０℃の温度が
必要である。触媒の加熱には、燃焼排気ガスの熱を利用
するのが一般的であり、触媒が上記温度域に達するには
５〜１０分程度の時間が必要である。そのため、エンジ
ンのコールドスタート後、触媒の浄化性能発揮温度に達
するまでの間は、触媒の働きが不十分となり、未浄化の
排気ガスがそのまま排出されてしまうという問題があ
る。2. Description of the Related Art Purification of automobile combustion exhaust gas is generally carried out by bringing the combustion exhaust gas into contact with a catalyst to oxidize and reduce hydrocarbons, soot, NOx and the like in the gas. However, the temperature of about 400 to 450 ° C. is required for the oxidation and reduction of these hydrocarbons. The heat of the combustion exhaust gas is generally used for heating the catalyst, and it takes about 5 to 10 minutes for the catalyst to reach the above temperature range. Therefore, after the cold start of the engine, the function of the catalyst becomes insufficient until the temperature reaches the purification performance exhibiting temperature of the catalyst, and unpurified exhaust gas is discharged as it is.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】そこでエンジンのコー
ルドスタート直後で触媒の温度が上昇しきらない時点で
も、燃焼排気ガスの浄化をすることができる方法の提供
が望まれている。また、米国では、エンジンのコールド
スタート直後の燃焼排気ガスを浄化することを義務付け
ることも検討されている。Therefore, it is desired to provide a method capable of purifying the combustion exhaust gas even when the temperature of the catalyst does not rise completely immediately after the cold start of the engine. Also, in the United States, it is considered to obligate to purify the combustion exhaust gas immediately after the cold start of the engine.
【０００４】このような問題の解決策として、電気ヒー
ターにより触媒を加熱する方法（例えば、特開昭４９−
２２３７６号公報、実開昭６１−１３４５１７号公
報）、電気ヒーターにより遠赤外線放出セラミックスを
加熱して遠赤外線により触媒を加熱する方法（実開平２
−９４３１６号公報）が提案されている。As a solution to such a problem, a method of heating a catalyst with an electric heater (see, for example, JP-A-49-49)
22376, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 61-134517), a method of heating far infrared ray emitting ceramics by an electric heater to heat a catalyst by far infrared rays (Actually, Kaihei 2).
-94316).
【０００５】しかし、これらの方法では、ヒーター近傍
の触媒とヒーターから離れた位置の触媒との間に、浄化
性能発揮温度到達時間に差が生じ、触媒全体として浄化
性能を発揮するのに数分程度の時間を要する。その結
果、その間は燃焼排気ガスの浄化が不十分となる。ま
た、ヒーターは触媒担体の内部又は外部に分散配置され
るので、構造が複雑になるという難点もある。さらに、
数分間もヒーターに通電するために、電力消費が大きく
なり、バッテリーに負荷が掛かるという問題もある。However, in these methods, there is a difference in the purifying performance exhibiting temperature reaching time between the catalyst near the heater and the catalyst distant from the heater, and it takes several minutes for the purifying performance of the entire catalyst to be exhibited. It takes some time. As a result, the combustion exhaust gas is not sufficiently purified during that period. Further, since the heaters are dispersed and arranged inside or outside the catalyst carrier, there is a drawback that the structure becomes complicated. further,
Since the heater is energized for several minutes, there is a problem that the power consumption becomes large and the battery is loaded.
【０００６】それに対して、本発明者らは、マイクロ波
等の電磁波を照射することにより、極めて短時間に発熱
する発熱体を見いだし、さらに、この発熱体をエンジン
のコールドスタート直後の燃焼排気ガスの加熱に利用す
ることを提案した〔特開平５−８２２５４号〕。この発
熱体は、電磁波照射後１０〜２０秒間で２００〜４００
℃にまで発熱昇温する。しかし、実用的には、さらに昇
温特性の優れた、より短時間に発熱昇温する発熱体の開
発が望まれている。On the other hand, the inventors of the present invention found a heating element that generates heat in an extremely short time by irradiating an electromagnetic wave such as a microwave, and further, this heating element was used for combustion exhaust gas immediately after cold start of the engine. It has been proposed to utilize it for heating [Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-82254]. This heating element is 200 to 400 within 10 to 20 seconds after electromagnetic wave irradiation.
Exothermic heating up to ℃. However, practically, there is a demand for the development of a heating element having an excellent heating characteristic and capable of heating and heating in a shorter time.
【０００７】そこで、本発明の目的は、電磁波を照射す
ることにより発熱する発熱体であって、従来のものより
もより短時間に発熱昇温する発熱体及び発熱方法を提供
することである。Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a heating element that generates heat by irradiating an electromagnetic wave and that heats and raises the temperature in a shorter time than the conventional heating element and a heating method.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、金属酸化物又
は該金属酸化物を含む組成物と、前記金属酸化物又は前
記組成物に直接接触した金属とに、電磁波を照射するこ
とを特徴とする発熱方法に関する。The present invention is characterized in that a metal oxide or a composition containing the metal oxide and the metal oxide or a metal in direct contact with the composition are irradiated with electromagnetic waves. And the heat generation method.
【０００９】さらに、本発明の電磁波吸収発熱体の第１
の態様は、担体上に電磁波を照射することにより発熱す
る金属酸化物の層又は該金属酸化物を含む組成物からな
る層を有する電磁波吸収発熱体であって、前記層の上に
直接金属を担持したことを特徴とする電磁波吸収発熱体
に関する。Further, the first embodiment of the electromagnetic wave absorbing heating element of the present invention
Is an electromagnetic wave absorption heating element having a layer of a metal oxide which generates heat by irradiating an electromagnetic wave on the carrier or a layer made of a composition containing the metal oxide, wherein the metal is directly deposited on the layer. The present invention relates to an electromagnetic wave absorption heating element that is carried.
【００１０】また、本発明の電磁波吸収発熱体の第２の
態様は、電磁波を照射することにより発熱する金属酸化
物又は該金属酸化物を含む組成物からなる電磁波吸収発
熱体であって、該発熱体上に直接金属を担持したことを
特徴とする電磁波吸収発熱体に関する。A second aspect of the electromagnetic wave absorption heating element of the present invention is an electromagnetic wave absorption heating element comprising a metal oxide or a composition containing the metal oxide, which generates heat when irradiated with an electromagnetic wave. The present invention relates to an electromagnetic wave absorption heating element in which a metal is directly carried on the heating element.
【００１１】さらに本発明の電磁波吸収発熱体の第３の
態様は、担体上に電磁波を照射することにより発熱する
金属酸化物又は該金属酸化物を含む組成物と金属とを担
持した電磁波吸収発熱体であって、前記金属酸化物又は
組成物と前記金属とが直接接触していることを特徴とす
る電磁波吸収発熱体に関する。Further, a third aspect of the electromagnetic wave absorption heating element of the present invention is electromagnetic wave absorption heat generation in which metal is carried on a carrier and a metal oxide or a composition containing the metal oxide which generates heat by irradiating an electromagnetic wave is carried. The present invention relates to an electromagnetic wave absorption heating element, characterized in that the metal oxide or composition is in direct contact with the metal.
【００１２】以下本発明について説明する。本発明にお
いて用いる、「電磁波を照射することにより発熱する金
属酸化物」は、ペロブスカイト型複合酸化物、酸化鉄、
酸化マンガン及び酸化コバルトからなる群から選ばれる
ことが、電磁波を照射して短時間に所定の温度にまで発
熱させることができるという観点から適当である。The present invention will be described below. As used in the present invention, "a metal oxide that generates heat when irradiated with an electromagnetic wave" is a perovskite-type composite oxide, iron oxide,
It is suitable to be selected from the group consisting of manganese oxide and cobalt oxide from the viewpoint of being able to radiate electromagnetic waves and generate heat to a predetermined temperature in a short time.
【００１３】ペロブスカイト型複合酸化物としては、ラ
ンタン・コバルト系複合酸化物、ストロンチウム・コバ
ルト系複合酸化物及びランタン・ストロンチウム・コバ
ルト系複合酸化物を好ましいものとして例示できる。ラ
ンタン及び／又はストロンチウム・コバルト系複合酸化
物は、一般式La1-x SrX CoO3で表され、式中ｘは、０〜
１の任意の数である。具体的には、LaCoO3、SrCoO3、La
0.6Sr0.4CoO3、La0.8Sr0.2CoO3等を例示できる。Preferred examples of the perovskite type complex oxide include lanthanum-cobalt type complex oxide, strontium-cobalt type complex oxide and lanthanum-strontium-cobalt type complex oxide. The lanthanum and / or strontium / cobalt-based composite oxide is represented by the general formula La 1-x Sr X CoO 3, where x is 0 to 0.
It is an arbitrary number of 1. Specifically, LaCoO 3 , SrCoO 3 , La
Examples include 0.6 Sr 0.4 CoO 3 and La 0.8 Sr 0.2 CoO 3 .
【００１４】その他のペロブスカイト型複合酸化物とし
ては、一般式La1-x SrX Co1-y M yO3で表される酸化物
を例示できる。式中、ｘは、０〜１の任意の数であり、
ｙは、０〜１の任意の数であり、Ｍは、クロム、マンガ
ン、鉄、ニッケル、銅、バナジウム及びチタンからなる
群から選ばれる少なくとも１種の金属である。さらに、
高温超伝導体YBa2Cu3O7-y 等を例示することもできる。Examples of other perovskite type complex oxides include oxides represented by the general formula La 1-x Sr X Co 1-y M y O 3 . In the formula, x is an arbitrary number from 0 to 1, and
y is an arbitrary number from 0 to 1, and M is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of chromium, manganese, iron, nickel, copper, vanadium and titanium. further,
The high temperature superconductor YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-y and the like can also be exemplified.
【００１５】ペロブスカイト型複合酸化物は、それ自身
優れた酸化還元触媒であり、燃焼排気ガス中のハイドロ
カーボン、すす、ＮＯx 等を酸化及び還元させて浄化す
る能力があることから特に好ましい。従って、金属酸化
物としてペロブスカイト型複合酸化物を用いる場合に
は、ペロブスカイト型複合酸化物に電磁波を照射するこ
とにより発熱させて、これ自身も燃焼排気ガス浄化用触
媒として作用する。The perovskite type complex oxide is an excellent redox catalyst by itself, and is particularly preferable because it has an ability to oxidize and reduce hydrocarbons, soot, NOx and the like in combustion exhaust gas to purify them. Therefore, when a perovskite-type composite oxide is used as the metal oxide, the perovskite-type composite oxide is irradiated with electromagnetic waves to generate heat, which itself also acts as a combustion exhaust gas purification catalyst.
【００１６】酸化鉄としては、γ−Fe2O3 、α−Fe2O3
等を例示でき、酸化マンガンとしてはMn3O4 等を例示で
き、酸化コバルトとしてはCo3O4 等を例示できる。Examples of iron oxide include γ-Fe 2 O 3 and α-Fe 2 O 3
And the like, Mn 3 O 4 and the like can be exemplified as manganese oxide, and Co 3 O 4 and the like can be exemplified as cobalt oxide.
【００１７】本発明において金属酸化物を含む組成物と
は、上記「電磁波を照射することにより発熱する金属酸
化物」にさらに別の成分を含む組成物である。別の成分
としては、例えばγ−Al2O3 、CeO2、Ba、Zr等を例示で
きるが、これらに制限されるものではない。尚、以下、
「電磁波を照射することにより発熱する金属酸化物」及
び「該金属酸化物を含む組成物」を単に加熱材というこ
とがある。In the present invention, the composition containing a metal oxide is a composition containing a further component in the above-mentioned "metal oxide which generates heat when irradiated with an electromagnetic wave". As another component, for example, γ-Al 2 O 3 , CeO 2 , Ba, Zr and the like can be exemplified, but the component is not limited thereto. In addition,
The "metal oxide that generates heat when irradiated with electromagnetic waves" and the "composition containing the metal oxide" are sometimes simply referred to as a heating material.
【００１８】本発明においては、前記発熱作用を有する
金属酸化物又は該金属酸化物を含有する組成物の層又は
担体上に、金属を直接担持させる。または、前記発熱作
用を有する金属酸化物の粒子又は該金属酸化物を含有す
る組成物の粒子と金属の粒子とを直接接触するように担
体に担持させる。金属酸化物は金属とを直接接触するこ
とにより、これまでに比べて昇温速度が約２倍になる。
本発明のこのような効果は、金属酸化物層又は担体上
に、中間層を設け、その上に金属を担持させてしまって
は得られない。また、発熱作用を有する担体に金属を担
持させその上に金属酸化物又は該金属酸化物を含有する
組成物の層を設けても、本発明のこのような効果は得ら
れない。In the present invention, the metal is directly supported on the layer or carrier of the metal oxide having the above-mentioned heat generating effect or the composition containing the metal oxide. Alternatively, the particles of the metal oxide having the heat generating effect or the particles of the composition containing the metal oxide and the particles of the metal are supported on the carrier so as to be in direct contact with each other. Since the metal oxide is in direct contact with the metal, the temperature rising rate is about twice as high as that in the past.
Such an effect of the present invention cannot be obtained by providing an intermediate layer on the metal oxide layer or the carrier and supporting the metal thereon. In addition, even if a metal having an exothermic action is loaded with a metal and a layer of a metal oxide or a composition containing the metal oxide is provided thereon, such effects of the present invention cannot be obtained.
【００１９】本発明において、昇温特性向上作用を有す
る金属は、酸化、還元触媒としての効果を併せ持つとい
う観点から、白金、ロジウム、パラジウム等の貴金属、
鉄系、銅系、及びニッケル系等の金属を例示できる。特
に、貴金属は、加熱により化学的な変化を起こさず、長
期間使用できるという観点から好ましい。In the present invention, the metal having the effect of improving the temperature raising characteristic is a noble metal such as platinum, rhodium or palladium, from the viewpoint of having the effect of both oxidation and reduction catalysts.
Examples include metals such as iron-based metals, copper-based metals, and nickel-based metals. Particularly, the noble metal is preferable from the viewpoint that it does not cause a chemical change by heating and can be used for a long period of time.
【００２０】昇温特性向上作用を有する金属は、形状、
寸法及び構造等にとくに限定はない。例えば、粒子状物
であることができ、粒子径は適宜決定できる。また、昇
温特性向上作用を有する金属の担持量は、加熱材の種類
や発熱体の構造（加熱材層を有するか、担体自体が加熱
材で形成されているか、又は加熱材と共存するか）によ
り適宜決定できる。例えば、加熱材層を有する、本発明
の第１の態様においては、例えば０．０５〜５．０ｗｔ
％の昇温特性向上作用を有する金属を担持することがで
きる。担体自体が加熱材である本発明の第２の態様にお
いては、例えば０．０５〜５．０ｗｔ％の昇温特性向上
作用を有する金属を担持することができる。さらに、本
発明の第３の態様においては、例えば０．０５〜５．０
ｗｔ％の昇温特性向上作用を有する金属を担持すること
ができる。The metal having the effect of improving the temperature rising characteristic has a shape,
There is no particular limitation on the size and structure. For example, it can be a particulate matter, and the particle size can be appropriately determined. The amount of the metal having the effect of improving the temperature rising characteristic depends on the type of heating material and the structure of the heating element (whether it has a heating material layer, is the carrier itself formed of the heating material, or coexists with the heating material? ) Can be determined as appropriate. For example, in the first aspect of the present invention having a heating material layer, for example, 0.05 to 5.0 wt.
It is possible to support a metal having an effect of improving the temperature rising characteristic by%. In the second aspect of the present invention in which the carrier itself is a heating material, it is possible to carry a metal having a temperature increasing property improving action of, for example, 0.05 to 5.0 wt%. Furthermore, in the third aspect of the present invention, for example, 0.05 to 5.0.
A metal having an effect of improving the temperature rising characteristics of wt% can be supported.
【００２１】本発明の発熱体の第１の態様は、担体上に
電磁波を照射することにより発熱する金属酸化物の層又
は該金属酸化物を含む組成物からなる層を有する電磁波
吸収発熱体である。ここで担体としては、例えば、従来
から燃焼排気ガス浄化用触媒の担体として用いられてい
る担体ものを用いることができる。例えば、セラミック
ス製、金属製等のハニカム構造を有する担体を挙げるこ
とができる。但し、担体の材質、構造等は、使用の目
的、条件等により適宜選択することができる。The first aspect of the heating element of the present invention is an electromagnetic wave absorption heating element having a layer of a metal oxide or a layer made of a composition containing the metal oxide which generates heat by irradiating an electromagnetic wave on a carrier. is there. Here, as the carrier, for example, a carrier conventionally used as a carrier for a combustion exhaust gas purification catalyst can be used. For example, a carrier having a honeycomb structure made of ceramics or metal can be used. However, the material, structure, and the like of the carrier can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose of use, conditions, and the like.
【００２２】本発明の第１の態様の発熱体は、模式的に
は図１に示すような断面構造を有すると考えられる。担
体１０上に、加熱材層１１を設け、さらにその上に直
接、金属１２が担持されている。このような構造を有す
る発熱体は、例えば、以下の方法により作製できる。加
熱材又はその原料を含有する溶液等に上記担体を浸漬
し、必要により、乾燥処理、焼成処理等を行うことによ
り加熱材層を形成する。次いでさらにこの担体を、金属
又はその原料を含有する溶液等に浸漬し、乾燥処理等を
することにより、金属を担持させる。The heating element of the first aspect of the present invention is considered to have a cross-sectional structure as schematically shown in FIG. The heating material layer 11 is provided on the carrier 10, and the metal 12 is directly supported on the heating material layer 11. The heating element having such a structure can be produced, for example, by the following method. The above-mentioned carrier is immersed in a heating material or a solution containing the raw material thereof, and if necessary, a drying treatment, a firing treatment or the like is performed to form a heating material layer. Next, the carrier is further immersed in a solution containing a metal or its raw material, and dried to carry the metal.
【００２３】本発明の第２の態様の発熱体は、模式的に
は図２に示すようにな断面構造を有すると考えられる。
加熱材で形成された担体１３上に、直接金属１２が担持
されている。このような構造を有する発熱体は、例え
ば、以下の方法により担持できる。まず、担体を、加熱
材で調製する。加熱材を用いた担体の調製法は、通常の
セラミックスの調製工程とほぼ同様であるが、ハニカム
構造体の場合には成形工程は押出法を用いることができ
る。即ち、加熱材又はその原料を、必要によりバインダ
ーとともに混練し、混練物を押出成形する。成形品は、
乾燥した後、焼成する。焼成条件等は、加熱材の材質等
により適宜選択することができる。得られた担体は、金
属又はその原料を含有する溶液等に浸漬し、乾燥処理等
をすることにより、金属を担持させる。The heating element of the second aspect of the present invention is considered to have a cross-sectional structure as schematically shown in FIG.
The metal 12 is directly carried on the carrier 13 formed of a heating material. The heating element having such a structure can be carried by, for example, the following method. First, the carrier is prepared with a heating material. The method of preparing the carrier using the heating material is almost the same as the usual ceramic preparation process, but in the case of the honeycomb structure, the extrusion process can be used in the forming process. That is, a heating material or its raw material is kneaded together with a binder if necessary, and a kneaded product is extruded. The molded product is
After drying, it is baked. The firing conditions and the like can be appropriately selected depending on the material of the heating material and the like. The obtained carrier is immersed in a solution or the like containing a metal or its raw material, and dried to carry the metal.
【００２４】本発明の発熱体の第３の態様は、担体上に
電磁波を照射することにより発熱する金属酸化物又は該
金属酸化物を含む組成物と金属とを担持した電磁波吸収
発熱体である。ここで担体としては、例えば、従来から
燃焼排気ガス浄化用触媒の担体として用いられている担
体ものを用いることができる。例えば、セラミックス
製、金属製等のハニカム構造を有する担体を挙げること
ができる。但し、担体の材質、構造等は、使用の目的、
条件等により適宜選択することができる。The third aspect of the heating element of the present invention is an electromagnetic wave absorbing heating element carrying a metal oxide or a composition containing the metal oxide which generates heat by irradiating an electromagnetic wave on a carrier and a metal. . Here, as the carrier, for example, a carrier conventionally used as a carrier for a combustion exhaust gas purification catalyst can be used. For example, a carrier having a honeycomb structure made of ceramics or metal can be used. However, the material and structure of the carrier depends on the purpose of use,
It can be appropriately selected depending on the conditions and the like.
【００２５】本発明の第３の態様の発熱体は、模式的に
は図３に示すような断面構造を有すると考えられる。担
体１０上に、加熱材１４と金属１２とが直接接触するよ
うに担持されている。このような構造を有する発熱体
は、例えば、加熱材及び金属又はそれの原料を含有する
溶液等に上記担体を浸漬し、必要により、乾燥処理、焼
成処理等を行うことにより加熱材層を形成することがで
きる。The heating element of the third aspect of the present invention is considered to have a cross-sectional structure as schematically shown in FIG. The heating material 14 and the metal 12 are carried on the carrier 10 so as to be in direct contact with each other. The heating element having such a structure is formed by, for example, immersing the above-mentioned carrier in a solution containing a heating material and a metal or a raw material thereof, and then performing a drying treatment, a firing treatment, etc., to form a heating material layer. can do.
【００２６】本発明においては、上記発熱体に電磁波を
照射して該発熱体を発熱させる。用いる電磁波として
は、マイクロ波を例示できる。マイクロ波の周波数に
は、特に限定はなく、使用する金属酸化物の種類、所望
の発熱温度及び時間により適宜選択することができる。
例えば、２．４５ＧＨｚのマイクロ波を例示することが
できる。また、電磁波のパワー（電力）、照射時間、照
射方法等は、適宜決めることができる。本発明の発熱体
に、マイクロ波等の電磁波を照射すると、従来よりさら
に短時間、例えば、照射後３〜７秒以内に約２００〜４
００℃の温度に発熱する。In the present invention, the heating element is irradiated with electromagnetic waves to cause the heating element to generate heat. A microwave can be illustrated as an electromagnetic wave used. The microwave frequency is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected depending on the type of metal oxide used, the desired heat generation temperature and time.
For example, a microwave of 2.45 GHz can be exemplified. Moreover, the power of the electromagnetic wave, the irradiation time, the irradiation method, and the like can be appropriately determined. When the heating element of the present invention is irradiated with electromagnetic waves such as microwaves, the heating element can be irradiated with electromagnetic waves such as microwaves for about 200 to 4 within a shorter time than before, for example, within 3 to 7 seconds after irradiation.
It exotherms to a temperature of 00 ° C.
【００２７】本発明の発熱体は、エンジン等の内燃機関
から排出される燃焼排気ガスを、内燃機関の始動の直後
から、直接又は間接的に加熱することができる。さらに
は、本発明の発熱体は、燃焼排気ガス浄化用触媒を加熱
することもできる。The heating element of the present invention can directly or indirectly heat the combustion exhaust gas discharged from an internal combustion engine such as an engine immediately after the internal combustion engine is started. Furthermore, the heating element of the present invention can heat the catalyst for purifying combustion exhaust gas.
【００２８】[0028]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、従来のものよりもより
短時間に発熱昇温する発熱体を提供することができる。
さらに本発明の発熱体は加熱効率が高いため、消費電力
を抑制することもできる。According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a heating element that heats up and heats up in a shorter time than the conventional one.
Furthermore, since the heating element of the present invention has high heating efficiency, power consumption can be suppressed.
【００２９】[0029]
【実施例】以下、本発明を実施例によりさらに詳細に説
明する。EXAMPLES The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to examples.
【００３０】実施例１ ランタン化合物及びコバルト化合物を、ペロブスカイト
型複合酸化物LaCoO3となるように配合し、純水を加え、
攪拌してスラリーを得た。このスラリーを加熱し、適当
な粘度になった時点で、２５０cm3 のコージェライトハ
ニカム片を３０秒間浸漬した。浸漬後、１１０℃で３時
間乾燥し、８００〜１０００℃で２時間加熱して加熱材
層を有する担体を得た。次いでこの担体を触媒成分を含
む溶液に漬け、乾燥焼成還元処理を行って、０．４ｍｇ
／cm3 の白金を担持した本発明の第１の態様の発熱体を
得た。Example 1 A lanthanum compound and a cobalt compound were blended so as to form a perovskite type complex oxide LaCoO 3, and pure water was added to the mixture.
Stir to obtain a slurry. This slurry was heated, and when it reached an appropriate viscosity, a piece of cordierite honeycomb of 250 cm 3 was immersed for 30 seconds. After the immersion, it was dried at 110 ° C. for 3 hours and heated at 800 to 1000 ° C. for 2 hours to obtain a carrier having a heating material layer. Then, the carrier is dipped in a solution containing the catalyst component, and dried and calcined to reduce the concentration to 0.4 mg.
A heating element of the first embodiment of the present invention carrying platinum / cm 3 of platinum was obtained.
【００３１】このようにして得られた本発明の発熱体
を、図４に示す装置に装填して、発熱特性を試験した。
尚、図４中、１５が試験片であり、１６がマイクロ波発
生装置であり、１７が試験片を保持するチャンバーであ
る。試験条件は、マイクロ波入力を１ｋＷとし、被発熱
体容量を２５０cm3 とした。結果を図５に示す。尚、図
５には、比較のため、実施例１の途中で得た、金属を担
持する前の加熱材層のみを有する担体（比較例１）につ
いての試験結果も示す。The heating element of the present invention thus obtained was loaded into the apparatus shown in FIG. 4 to test the heating characteristics.
In FIG. 4, 15 is a test piece, 16 is a microwave generator, and 17 is a chamber for holding the test piece. The test conditions were such that the microwave input was 1 kW and the capacity of the heated element was 250 cm 3 . Results are shown in FIG. For comparison, FIG. 5 also shows the test results of the carrier (Comparative Example 1) obtained in the middle of Example 1 and having only the heating material layer before supporting the metal.
【００３２】実施例２ ランタン化合物、ストロンチウム化合物及びコバルト化
合物を、ペロブスカイト型複合酸化物La0.8Sr0.2CoO3と
なるように配合し、純水を加え、攪拌してスラリーを得
た。このスラリーを加熱し、蒸発乾固した。得られた固
体を１１０℃で３時間乾燥後、粉砕し、適宜粒度調整を
行った後、純水とバインダーを加え混練した。この混練
物を網目状スリット等所定の構造の成形用口金を通して
押出し成形した。得られた成形品を乾燥後、１２００℃
で焼成し、ハニカム構造の加熱材製担体を得た。この担
体に実施例１と同様の方法により、白金を担持させて、
本発明の第２の態様の発熱体を得た。Example 2 A lanthanum compound, a strontium compound and a cobalt compound were blended so as to be a perovskite type composite oxide La 0.8 Sr 0.2 CoO 3 , pure water was added and the mixture was stirred to obtain a slurry. The slurry was heated and evaporated to dryness. The obtained solid was dried at 110 ° C. for 3 hours, pulverized, the particle size was adjusted appropriately, and pure water and a binder were added and kneaded. This kneaded material was extruded through a molding die having a predetermined structure such as a mesh slit. After drying the obtained molded product, 1200 ° C
And was fired to obtain a heating material carrier having a honeycomb structure. Platinum was loaded on this carrier by the same method as in Example 1,
The heating element of the second aspect of the present invention was obtained.
【００３３】このようにして得られた本発明の発熱体
を、実施例１と同様にして、発熱特性を試験した結果、
実施例１と同様に、優れた発熱特性が得られた。The heating element of the present invention thus obtained was tested for heat generation characteristics in the same manner as in Example 1, and
Similar to Example 1, excellent heat generation characteristics were obtained.
【図１】本発明の第１の態様の電磁波吸収発熱体の断面
説明図である。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of an electromagnetic wave absorption heating element according to a first aspect of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の第２の態様の電磁波吸収発熱体の断面
説明図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of an electromagnetic wave absorption heating element according to a second aspect of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の第３の態様の電磁波吸収発熱体の断面
説明図である。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of an electromagnetic wave absorption heating element according to a third aspect of the present invention.
【図４】電磁波吸収発熱体の試験装置の断面説明図であ
る。FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram of an electromagnetic wave absorption heating element test apparatus.
【図５】電磁波吸収発熱体の発熱特性を示す図である。FIG. 5 is a diagram showing heat generation characteristics of an electromagnetic wave absorption heating element.
１０ 担体 １１ 加熱材層 １２ 金属 １３ 加熱材担体 １４ 加熱材 １５ 試験片（発熱体） １６ マイクロ波発生装置 １７ チャンバー 10 carrier 11 heating material layer 12 metal 13 heating material carrier 14 heating material 15 test piece (heating element) 16 microwave generator 17 chamber
Claims (8)
物と、前記金属酸化物又は前記組成物に直接接触した金
属とに、電磁波を照射することを特徴とする発熱方法。1. A heat generating method comprising irradiating an electromagnetic wave to a metal oxide or a composition containing the metal oxide and the metal oxide or a metal in direct contact with the composition.
物、酸化鉄、酸化マンガン及び酸化コバルトからなる群
から選ばれる少なくとも１種の酸化物である請求項１記
載の方法。2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the metal oxide is at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of perovskite type complex oxide, iron oxide, manganese oxide and cobalt oxide.
物に直接接触した金属が貴金属である請求項１又は２記
載の方法。3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the metal in direct contact with the metal oxide or the composition containing the metal oxide is a noble metal.
熱する金属酸化物の層又は該金属酸化物を含む組成物か
らなる層を有する電磁波吸収発熱体であって、前記層の
上に直接金属を担持したことを特徴とする電磁波吸収発
熱体。4. An electromagnetic wave absorption heating element having a layer of a metal oxide which generates heat when irradiated with an electromagnetic wave or a layer made of a composition containing the metal oxide on a carrier, the metal being directly on the layer. An electromagnetic wave absorption heating element, characterized in that:
属酸化物又は該金属酸化物を含む組成物からなる電磁波
吸収発熱体であって、該発熱体上に直接金属を担持した
ことを特徴とする電磁波吸収発熱体。5. An electromagnetic wave absorbing heating element comprising a metal oxide or a composition containing the metal oxide, which generates heat when irradiated with an electromagnetic wave, characterized in that the metal is directly supported on the heating element. Electromagnetic wave absorption heating element.
熱する金属酸化物又は該金属酸化物を含む組成物と金属
とを担持した電磁波吸収発熱体であって、前記金属酸化
物又は組成物と前記金属とが直接接触していることを特
徴とする電磁波吸収発熱体。6. An electromagnetic wave absorption heating element carrying a metal and a metal oxide or a composition containing the metal oxide which generates heat by irradiating an electromagnetic wave on a carrier, wherein the metal oxide or the composition. An electromagnetic wave absorbing heating element, which is in direct contact with the metal.
物、酸化鉄、酸化マンガン及び酸化コバルトからなる群
から選ばれる少なくとも１種の酸化物である請求項４〜
６のいずれか１項に記載の電磁波吸収発熱体。7. The metal oxide is at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of a perovskite complex oxide, iron oxide, manganese oxide and cobalt oxide.
6. The electromagnetic wave absorption heating element according to any one of 6 above.
物に直接接触した金属が貴金属である請求項４〜７のい
ずれか１項に記載の電磁波吸収発熱体。8. The electromagnetic wave absorption heating element according to claim 4, wherein the metal that is in direct contact with the metal oxide or the composition containing the metal oxide is a noble metal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5215068A JPH0749024A (en) | 1993-08-06 | 1993-08-06 | Heating method by electromagnetic wave and electromagnetic wave absorbing heating body |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5215068A JPH0749024A (en) | 1993-08-06 | 1993-08-06 | Heating method by electromagnetic wave and electromagnetic wave absorbing heating body |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0749024A true JPH0749024A (en) | 1995-02-21 |
Family
ID=16666229
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP5215068A Pending JPH0749024A (en) | 1993-08-06 | 1993-08-06 | Heating method by electromagnetic wave and electromagnetic wave absorbing heating body |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0749024A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100391312C (en) * | 2004-05-20 | 2008-05-28 | 上海交通大学 | Electron beam heating temperature control method |
| KR101432933B1 (en) * | 2013-05-07 | 2014-08-21 | 주식회사 포스코건설 | Rapid Concrete Curing Technique Considering both Micro-wave Irradiation and Internal Heating Admixture in Extreme Cold Weather Environment |
| CN109862643A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-06-07 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of method to improve microwave heating efficiency |
-
1993
- 1993-08-06 JP JP5215068A patent/JPH0749024A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100391312C (en) * | 2004-05-20 | 2008-05-28 | 上海交通大学 | Electron beam heating temperature control method |
| KR101432933B1 (en) * | 2013-05-07 | 2014-08-21 | 주식회사 포스코건설 | Rapid Concrete Curing Technique Considering both Micro-wave Irradiation and Internal Heating Admixture in Extreme Cold Weather Environment |
| CN109862643A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-06-07 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of method to improve microwave heating efficiency |
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