JPH0749504Y2 - Electric power applied teaching materials - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] A. Industrial Application Field The present invention is designed to visually teach the correlation between the operation of an electric power application product and the voltage, current, output, etc. of the electric motor required for this operation. About the electric power applied teaching materials.

B. Outline of the Invention The present invention connects a means for applying an inertial moment of an arbitrary value and a means for applying a torque of an arbitrary value to a rotary shaft of an electric motor and converts the rotary motion of the rotary shaft into a linear motion. The teaching material is provided with a mechanism and a means for visually displaying the converted linear motion so that the operation of an electric power application product using an electric motor can be grasped equivalently and visually.

As a result of the operation of these means / mechanisms, the movement of an electric power application product such as a train can be easily grasped, and the effect of learning can be enhanced.

C. Conventional technology In the past, educational institutions such as schools have used teaching materials that apply electric motors to perform physical equivalent tests of trains for the purpose of technical training.

Such a teaching material makes it possible to observe changes in the current and voltage applied to the electric motor and changes in the rotating state of the rotating shaft when the moment of inertia and load torque applied to the rotating shaft of the electric motor change.

D. Problem to be solved by the device In the conventional teaching materials, the operating state of the electric motor can be judged with an ammeter, a voltmeter, or a rotation detector.

However, it is possible to observe how changes in the current or voltage or the rotation state of the rotating shaft based on changes in the moment of inertia or load torque applied to the electric motor specifically bring about changes in the operating state of the electric power application product. There wasn't.

That is, since the conventional teaching material does not have a means for estimating the weight or load from the electric power application product itself and a model of the electric power application product such as a train, the actual movement of the electric power application product is visually recognized. There was a problem that the effect of the lessons did not increase because the students could not understand and understand each other.

E. Means for Solving the Problems The teaching material for applying electric power according to the present invention is connected to a rotary shaft of an electric motor and an inertia moment adjusting means capable of arbitrarily changing a moment of inertia applied to the rotary shaft, and is connected to the rotary shaft. Torque adjusting means capable of arbitrarily changing the torque applied to the rotating shaft, a conversion mechanism connected to the rotating shaft and converting the rotational motion of the electric motor into a linear motion, and the linear motion by the converting mechanism. It is characterized by comprising a moving member which moves in response to the moving member and a linear motion visualization means which is a position display member indicating a moving position of the moving member.

F. Action When the rotating shaft of the electric motor rotates, the inertia moment adjusting means applies an inertia moment of an arbitrary size to the rotating shaft, and the torque adjusting means applies a load torque rotating shaft of an arbitrary size. Becomes

At this time, the conversion mechanism connected to the rotary shaft converts the rotary motion of the rotary shaft into a linear motion, and through the linear motion visualization means,
This linear movement is visually recognized.

G. Example One example of an electric power applied teaching material according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. A test motor 1 which is an electric motor of an electric power applied teaching material of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 has a moment of inertia adjusting means 5, torque adjusting means, through a torque meter 2.
It is connected by a rotary shaft 4 to an operation display device 3 having a conversion mechanism and a linear motion visualization means.

The inertia moment adjusting means 5 shown in FIG. 2 is composed of four blocks 5a, 5b, 5c and 5d having the same mechanism as each other.
The steel flywheel 7 located on the left side in FIG. 2 and forming the moment of inertia of the first block 5a is mounted on the rotary shaft 4 by a bearing.
7a and a leaf spring 7b attached to the supporting portion 7c, so that they are relatively rotatable. A rotor 6 having a disk shape is installed at a position close to the rotary shaft 4 and the flywheel 7 so as to rotate integrally with the rotary shaft 4, and an annular coil 8a is provided so as to sandwich the flywheel 7 and the rotor 6 close to each other. A brake field core 8 and a clutch field core 9 respectively accommodating 9a and 9a are installed in the main body 3a of the operation display device 3. Further, a power source (not shown) is connected to the coils 8a and 9a so that they can be energized.

That is, the first block 5a is a flywheel 7, a rotor.
6, the brake field core 8 and the clutch field core 9 and the like.
By selectively energizing either one of the coil 8a and the coil 9a of the clutch field core 9, it is possible to apply an electromagnetic force to selectively apply a moment of inertia to the motor 1.

Specifically, when only the coil 9a of the clutch field core 9 is energized, the flywheel 7 is attracted via the rotor 6, and the flywheel 7 is instantly attracted to the rotor 6 via the bending of the leaf spring 7b. Therefore, the flywheel 7 rotates integrally with the rotary shaft 4, and an inertia moment having a magnitude corresponding to the mass and shape of the flywheel 7 is applied to the motor 1. On the other hand, when only the coil 8a of the brake field core 8 is energized, the flywheel 7 is attracted to the brake field core 8 through the bending of the leaf spring 7b, and the flywheel 7 is opposed to the rotating shaft 4 by the bearing 7a. Rotate. For this reason, only a small inertial motorment including the rotating shaft 4 and the rotor 6 is added to the motor 1.

The other three blocks 5b, 5c, 5d have the same structure and operate in the same manner, but the flywheel effect used as a substitute for the value of the moment of inertia of the flywheel 7 of the first block 5a (in the drawing) The value of GD ² ) is 1 kgm ²
The flywheel (not shown) of the second block 5b is 2 kg.
m ² , the flywheel (not shown) of the third block 5c is 4
kgm ² , 8th flywheel not shown in the 4th block 5d
The value of kgm ^{2 and} the value in this embodiment are. Therefore, by arbitrarily selecting the flywheels of the four blocks 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, the rotary shaft 4 can have a weight of 1 kg between 1 kgm ² and 15 kgm ^2.
A flywheel effect with a value of m ² steps is added to the rotating shaft 4.

A powder brake 11 that applies electromagnetic force, which is a torque adjusting means for applying a load torque to the rotary shaft 4, is installed between the main body 3a and the left end of the rotary shaft 4 in FIG. That is, the cylindrical rotor 12 of the powder brake 11 is fixed to the end of the rotary shaft 4, and the feed core 13 is attached to the main body 3a so as to sandwich the cylindrical surface of the rotor 12 from inside and outside. Further, the coil 13a is housed at the position of the field core 13 facing the outer peripheral side of the cylindrical surface of the rotor 12, and magnetic powder is interposed between the field core 13 and the inner peripheral side of the rotor 12. There is. Further, a power source (not shown) is connected to the coil 13a so that it can be energized.

Therefore, when the coil 13a is energized, the magnetic powder 14 connects the bracket 13 and the facing surface of the rotor 12 and instantly applies a load torque to the rotating shaft 4. Further, the load torque can be set to an arbitrary value by adjusting the current applied to the coil 13a.

As described above, the four blocks 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d and the powder brake 11 are connected to the rotary shaft 4 in the present embodiment, so that the rotary shaft 4 can be arbitrarily given a moment of inertia and a load torque. ing.

The conversion mechanism is located on the front side of the operation display device 3 shown in FIG. 1, and is a mechanism that can operate in conjunction with the rotation of the rotary shaft 4.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the feed screw shaft 21 is positioned so as to be substantially parallel to the rotary shaft 4, and both ends of the feed screw shaft 21 are attached to the main body 3a via the bearings 26a and 26b. It is rotatably attached. A reduction pulley 26c having a clutch 25 is attached to one end of the feed screw shaft 21, and an endless level 26d is wound around the reduction pulley 26c and a drive pulley 26 provided integrally with the rotary shaft 4. The clutch 25 is configured so that the reduction pulley 26d can be rotated integrally with the feed screw shaft 21 or can be rotated relative to the feed screw shaft 21 as required. Therefore, when the clutch 25 is connected, the rotary shaft 4 and the feed screw shaft are
When 21 and 21 rotate integrally, the rotation is not transmitted to the feed screw shaft 21 in the open state, and the feed screw shaft 21 is stopped.

A male screw portion 21a is formed on the outer circumference of the feed screw shaft 21 between the bearings 26a and 26b, and the feed screw shaft 21 has a male screw 21a.
A nut portion 22 that is threadedly engaged with the feed screw shaft 21 and is prevented from rotating so as to form a screw pair with the feed screw shaft 21 is slidably installed.

Further, a scale 23 for position confirmation having a distance scale is set on the front side of the operation display device 3 so as to be substantially parallel to the feed screw shaft 21, and a scale 23 is provided on the nut portion 22.
A pointer 22a which indicates the distance scale of and which constitutes a linear motion visualization means with the scale 23 is fixed. Therefore, when the feed screw shaft 21 rotates, the nut portion 22 moves on the feed screw shaft 21, and the current position of the nut portion 22 on the scale 23 is indicated by the pointer 22a.

Further, the feed screw shaft 21 penetrates the clutch 25 and extends to the right side in FIG. 3, and an angle meter 24 is set at the extended position so as to indicate the rotating state of the rotary shaft 4.

From the above, when the rotating shaft 4 of the motor 1 rotates with the clutch 25 connected, the rotation is transmitted to the feed screw shaft 21 via the pulley 26 and the feed screw shaft 21 rotates, and the pointer 22a and the angle meter 24 cause the rotation. The number of rotations and the rotation state of the motor 1 can be grasped.

That is, the number of rotations and the rotation angle of the motor 1 are displayed not only by the angle meter 24 but also in the form of linear motion by the pointer 22a that moves left and right on the scale 23.

At this time, by setting the inertia moment by the inertia moment adjusting means and the load torque by the torque adjusting means arbitrarily, these inertia moment and load torque are
The electric energy applied to the motor 1 is absorbed, accumulated, discharged, etc., and a phenomenon occurs in which the rotation speed N of the motor 1 per unit time is changed. Therefore, the pointer 22a, goniometer
24 Furthermore, the four blocks 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d and the rotating shaft 4 make it possible to visually grasp this phenomenon.

By equivalently substituting the electric power application product with the above-mentioned teaching material for electric power application and simulating it, it is possible to visually learn how many kw of the electric motor a certain product needs. It will be possible. For example, the motor 1 of this teaching material
Is defined as the electric motor used for running the train, and the inertia moment adjusting means 5 is assumed to be the inertia moment due to the sum of the weight of the train and the weight of the passengers on the train. Assuming that is the load torque due to the running resistance such as the loss from the frictional resistance between the rail, the train and the wheels, and the loss from the air resistance of the train, the guideline 22a
Represents a train, and has an effect that the electric motor required for the train can be equivalently determined.

That is, by assuming the pointer 22a indicating the scale 23 as a train, it is possible to measure and observe the travel distance required for starting / stopping and accelerating the train and the time required at that time, and determine the output of the electric motor required for the train. It will be possible.

Further, a pump, a blower or the like can be envisioned as an applied product instead of a linearly moving device such as a train. In this case, it is the same as applying a load by the inertia moment adjusting means and the torque adjusting means, but the angle meter 24, 4 blocks
By rotating 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d and the rotating shaft, etc., the operation of the electric motor at the time of starting it can be measured and observed.

As shown in FIG. 1, a rotation detector (not shown) is attached to the rotary shaft 4 and a temperature detector (not shown) is attached to the motor 1, respectively.
The recorder displays the relationship between the torque T applied to the rotary shaft 4 and the rotational speed N of the rotary shaft 4, and the pen recorder allows the relationship between the torque T and the elapsed time t or the relationship between the rotational speed N and the elapsed time t. You can display relationships. Further, the temperature rise of the motor frame due to the rotation of the rotary shaft 4 and the heat generated by the motor 1 from the load applied to the rotary shaft 4 can be displayed together on the recording thermometer.

Therefore, by these displays, for example, various characteristics at the time of starting / stopping and accelerating the train can be visually confirmed, so that the teaching effect of the teaching material can be further enhanced.

Further, as a concrete example to which this teaching material is applied, the one shown in FIG. 5 can be considered.

In the drive motor 1 for the test of this specific example, from the computer 31 via the motor control board 33 and the sequencer 32,
The commands for forward / reverse rotation / start / stop of the motor 1 and rotation torque / rotation speed are issued. At this time, the computer 31 adjusts the moment of inertia and the load torque by the four blocks of the moment of inertia adjusting means 5 which is the GD ² group and the powder brake 11 which is the load torque generating unit for applying the moment of inertia via the sequencer 32, and the motor 31 The load on 1 etc. is arbitrarily adjusted. Similarly, when the computer 31 gives an instruction to connect the clutch 25 via the sequencer 32, the pointer 22a and the angle meter 24
Will move and rotate.

Therefore, the operation of the motor 1 can be visually recognized, and in addition to the learning effect, the torque meter 2, the temperature detector attached to the motor 1, the angle detector attached to the angle meter 24, and the scale 23 are attached. By incorporating the respective signals from the position detectors into the computer 31, the data from these detectors can be displayed on a display (not shown) or the feedback control of the motor 1 can be performed based on these data.

In the present embodiment, the inertia moment adjusting means uses an electromagnetic clutch or brake having a coil installed, but any other known means capable of instantly applying or removing a load may be used. You may not have it. The number of blocks of the inertia moment adjusting means is not limited to four. As the torque adjusting means, a powder brake applying electromagnetic force is used, but any other well-known device such as a DC / AC generator may be used as long as it can change the load torque instantaneously.

Further, although the goniometer 24 and the feed screw shaft 21 of this embodiment are structured to operate integrally, the goniometer and the feed screw are not integrated, but the rotary shaft 4 and the rotary shaft 4 are separately provided via the clutch. Can also be connected to. In this case, when assuming a train, it is possible to connect only the feed screw shaft and move the pointer, and when assuming a pump, a blower, etc., connect only the angle meter and rotate the angle meter.

The four blocks 5a of this embodiment, 5b, 5c, the value of the flywheel effect of ^{5d 1kgm 2, 2kgm 2, 4kgm} 2, has been a 8Kgm ^2, for example in accordance with the motor to be tested, in 0.1Kgm ² increments 0.1kgm ² , 0.2kgm ² , 0.4kgm ² , so that the value of the flywheel effect can be changed
Four blocks with a value of 0.8 kgm ² can be substituted. Further, it may have another size according to the contents of the motor and the test.

The motor 1 can be replaced with another motor according to the purpose of learning or for checking the output of the required electric motor. In addition to the motor 1 and the torque meter 2, the generator can be used as a rotating shaft. It can also be installed coaxially with 4.

In this embodiment, the linear motion visualization means is a scale 23 and a pointer 22.
Although it is configured with a and a, a known one such as a pen recorder may be used instead.

H. Effect of the Invention According to the teaching material for applying electric power of the present invention, the equivalence test can be performed by equivalently replacing diversified equipment.

For example, the rotational motion of an electric motor used in electric power application products such as trains, pumps, and blowers is converted into a linear motion by a conversion mechanism, and the linear motion visualization means visually represents the linear motion. By observing this linear movement, the movement of the electric motor, and consequently the movement of the electric power application product, can be visually recognized.

As a result, the effectiveness of the training is improved, and moreover, it is possible to learn what kind of electric motor should be selected according to the electric power application product in the field of electric motor control technology with remarkable technological innovation, and train engineers who can support mechatronics. It became possible to do.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an electric power applied teaching material according to the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of an inertia moment adjusting means and a torque adjusting means of an electric power application teaching material according to the present invention, FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram of an electric power application teaching material according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is an electric force application according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is a plan view of the teaching material conversion mechanism, and FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the teaching material using the teaching material for applying electric power according to the present invention. In the drawings, 1 is a motor, 2 is a torque meter, 3 is an operation display device, 5
Is a moment of inertia adjusting means, 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d are blocks, 1
1 is powder brake, 21 is lead screw shaft, 22 is nut part, 2
3 is a scale and 24 is a goniometer.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Toshio Minamibo Toshio Minamibo 3-7-9 Osaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo Meiden Engineering Co., Ltd. (56)

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. An inertia moment adjusting means connected to a rotary shaft of an electric motor and capable of arbitrarily changing an inertia moment applied to the rotary shaft; and a torque connected to the rotary shaft and applied to the rotary shaft. A torque adjusting means that can be changed,
A conversion mechanism that is connected to the rotary shaft and converts the rotational motion of the electric motor into a linear motion, a moving member that moves according to the linear motion by the conversion mechanism, and a position display member that indicates the moving position of the moving member. An electric power applied teaching material comprising a linear motion visualization means.