JPH07501876A - 低NOx燃焼 - Google Patents
低NOx燃焼Info
- Publication number
- JPH07501876A JPH07501876A JP5510884A JP51088493A JPH07501876A JP H07501876 A JPH07501876 A JP H07501876A JP 5510884 A JP5510884 A JP 5510884A JP 51088493 A JP51088493 A JP 51088493A JP H07501876 A JPH07501876 A JP H07501876A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- pilot
- flame
- fuel
- low nox
- holding plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
- F23R3/16—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration with devices inside the flame tube or the combustion chamber to influence the air or gas flow
- F23R3/18—Flame stabilising means, e.g. flame holders for after-burners of jet-propulsion plants
- F23R3/20—Flame stabilising means, e.g. flame holders for after-burners of jet-propulsion plants incorporating fuel injection means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
- F23R3/34—Feeding into different combustion zones
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
- F23D2900/00008—Burner assemblies with diffusion and premix modes, i.e. dual mode burners
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Gas Burners (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1ガスタービンの燃焼器用の低NOxバーナにおいて、燃焼器に面する面を有す る保炎板と、この保炎板を貫通する複数の軸方向穴と、これらの各穴を通して延 び、前記保炎板の面で管端が開口して終っているガス状燃料予混合管と、前記保 炎板を通して軸方向に延びていると共に前記保炎板の面を通して延び、前記複数 の燃料予混合管に囲まれて配置されている少なくとも1つのガスパイロット管と 、このガスパイロット管の燃焼器側端に設けられ、燃料の噴流を前記ガスパイロ ット管を通して最も接近する2つの前記燃料予混合管の想像延長部分間の区域に 前記保炎板の面と実質的に平行にして向ける複数のパイロットジェット開口と、 ガスタービン空気流れの一部分を前記予混合管に向ける空気通路とを包含してな る低NOxバーナ。 2請求項1記載の低NOxバーナにおいて、更に、前記予混合管への主燃料流れ の量を変える第1の調節手段と、燃料を前記パイロット管に供給するパイロット 燃料供給手段とを包含してなる低NOxバーナ。 3請求項2記載の低NOxバーナにおいて、更に、前記第1の調節手段とは別に 、パイロット燃料の量を変える第2の調節手段を包含してなる低NOxバーナ。 4請求項1記載の低NOxバーナにおいて、環状の配列に配置された複数の前記 保炎板を包含し、各保炎板は、その燃焼器と面する面が前記予混合管に対して実 質的に垂直な中央面部分と、この中央面部分から50°よりも小さい角度で延び て連続する2つの周囲面部分とを形成するように折り曲げられた形に形成され、 これら周囲面部分を通して前記予混合管の幾つかが延び、また前記パイロット燃 料はその流れを前記保炎板の面と実質的に平行にして向けられ、この保炎板の面 はパイロット燃料流れの一部分を前記周囲面部分に衝突するように向けるパイロ ット管を具備してなる低NOxバーナ。 5請求項3記載の低NOxバーナにおいて、環状の配列に配置された複数の前記 保炎板を包含し、各保炎板は、その燃焼器と面する面が前記予混合管に対して実 質的に垂直な中央面部分と、この中央面部分から50°よりも小さい角度で延び て連続する2つの周囲面部分とを形成するように折り曲げられた形に形成され、 これら周囲面部分を通して前記予混合管の幾つかが延び、また前記パイロット燃 料はその流れを前記保炎板の面と実質的に平行にして向けられ、この保炎板の面 はパイロット燃料流れの一部分を前記周囲面部分に衝突するように向けるパイロ ット管を具備してなる低NOxバーナ。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/807,483 US5263325A (en) | 1991-12-16 | 1991-12-16 | Low NOx combustion |
| US807,483 | 1991-12-16 | ||
| PCT/US1992/008932 WO1993012388A1 (en) | 1991-12-16 | 1992-10-19 | LOW NOx COMBUSTION |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07501876A true JPH07501876A (ja) | 1995-02-23 |
| JP3312152B2 JP3312152B2 (ja) | 2002-08-05 |
Family
ID=25196485
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP51088493A Expired - Lifetime JP3312152B2 (ja) | 1991-12-16 | 1992-10-19 | 低NOx燃焼 |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5263325A (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP0617780B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP3312152B2 (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE69203729T2 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO1993012388A1 (ja) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010091258A (ja) * | 2008-10-03 | 2010-04-22 | General Electric Co <Ge> | 予混合直接噴射ノズル |
| JP2010169385A (ja) * | 2009-01-23 | 2010-08-05 | General Electric Co <Ge> | ターボ機械の結束多管ノズル |
| JP2010181137A (ja) * | 2009-02-04 | 2010-08-19 | General Electric Co <Ge> | 予混合直接噴射ノズル |
| JP2010266185A (ja) * | 2009-05-14 | 2010-11-25 | General Electric Co <Ge> | 予混合直接噴射式二次燃料ノズルを有する乾式低NOx燃焼システム |
| JP2014181900A (ja) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-29 | General Electric Co <Ge> | 燃料ノズルハウジングを備えたマルチチューブ燃料ノズルを有するシステム |
Families Citing this family (68)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4417536A1 (de) * | 1994-05-19 | 1995-11-23 | Abb Management Ag | Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Brennkammer |
| US5617716A (en) * | 1994-09-16 | 1997-04-08 | Electric Power Research Institute | Method for supplying vaporized fuel oil to a gas turbine combustor and system for same |
| US5813232A (en) * | 1995-06-05 | 1998-09-29 | Allison Engine Company, Inc. | Dry low emission combustor for gas turbine engines |
| EP0747635B1 (en) * | 1995-06-05 | 2003-01-15 | Rolls-Royce Corporation | Dry low oxides of nitrogen lean premix module for industrial gas turbine engines |
| US5675971A (en) * | 1996-01-02 | 1997-10-14 | General Electric Company | Dual fuel mixer for gas turbine combustor |
| EP0926325A3 (en) | 1997-12-23 | 2001-04-25 | United Technologies Corporation | Apparatus for use with a liquid fuelled combustor |
| JPH11257664A (ja) | 1997-12-30 | 1999-09-21 | United Technol Corp <Utc> | ガスタ―ビンエンジンの燃料噴射ノズル/ガイドアセンブリ |
| US6240731B1 (en) | 1997-12-31 | 2001-06-05 | United Technologies Corporation | Low NOx combustor for gas turbine engine |
| DE19812834B4 (de) * | 1998-03-24 | 2004-12-16 | Alstom | Verfahren zum Zünden der Brenner von Brennkammern in Gasturbinenanlagen |
| US6560967B1 (en) | 1998-05-29 | 2003-05-13 | Jeffrey Mark Cohen | Method and apparatus for use with a gas fueled combustor |
| US6158957A (en) * | 1998-12-23 | 2000-12-12 | United Technologies Corporation | Thermal barrier removal process |
| US6412272B1 (en) | 1998-12-29 | 2002-07-02 | United Technologies Corporation | Fuel nozzle guide for gas turbine engine and method of assembly/disassembly |
| US6298667B1 (en) * | 2000-06-22 | 2001-10-09 | General Electric Company | Modular combustor dome |
| US7121097B2 (en) | 2001-01-16 | 2006-10-17 | Catalytica Energy Systems, Inc. | Control strategy for flexible catalytic combustion system |
| US6718772B2 (en) | 2000-10-27 | 2004-04-13 | Catalytica Energy Systems, Inc. | Method of thermal NOx reduction in catalytic combustion systems |
| US6796129B2 (en) | 2001-08-29 | 2004-09-28 | Catalytica Energy Systems, Inc. | Design and control strategy for catalytic combustion system with a wide operating range |
| US6966186B2 (en) * | 2002-05-01 | 2005-11-22 | Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation | Non-catalytic combustor for reducing NOx emissions |
| US6772583B2 (en) * | 2002-09-11 | 2004-08-10 | Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation | Can combustor for a gas turbine engine |
| US20040255588A1 (en) * | 2002-12-11 | 2004-12-23 | Kare Lundberg | Catalytic preburner and associated methods of operation |
| BRPI0406806A (pt) * | 2003-01-17 | 2005-12-27 | Catalytica Energy Sys Inc | Sistema e método de controle dinâmico para multicombustor catalìtico para motor de turbina a gás |
| WO2005026675A2 (en) * | 2003-09-05 | 2005-03-24 | Catalytica Energy Systems, Inc. | Catalyst module overheating detection and methods of response |
| US20060283181A1 (en) * | 2005-06-15 | 2006-12-21 | Arvin Technologies, Inc. | Swirl-stabilized burner for thermal management of exhaust system and associated method |
| SE529333C2 (sv) * | 2005-11-23 | 2007-07-10 | Norsk Hydro As | Förbränningsinstallation |
| US20080020333A1 (en) * | 2006-06-14 | 2008-01-24 | Smaling Rudolf M | Dual reaction zone fuel reformer and associated method |
| US8006482B2 (en) * | 2007-03-02 | 2011-08-30 | Caterpillar Inc. | Method of purging fluid injector by heating |
| US7958721B2 (en) * | 2007-06-29 | 2011-06-14 | Caterpillar Inc. | Regeneration system having integral purge and ignition device |
| US8147121B2 (en) * | 2008-07-09 | 2012-04-03 | General Electric Company | Pre-mixing apparatus for a turbine engine |
| US8112999B2 (en) * | 2008-08-05 | 2012-02-14 | General Electric Company | Turbomachine injection nozzle including a coolant delivery system |
| US8209986B2 (en) * | 2008-10-29 | 2012-07-03 | General Electric Company | Multi-tube thermal fuse for nozzle protection from a flame holding or flashback event |
| US8297059B2 (en) * | 2009-01-22 | 2012-10-30 | General Electric Company | Nozzle for a turbomachine |
| US8157189B2 (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2012-04-17 | General Electric Company | Premixing direct injector |
| US8794545B2 (en) * | 2009-09-25 | 2014-08-05 | General Electric Company | Internal baffling for fuel injector |
| US8276385B2 (en) * | 2009-10-08 | 2012-10-02 | General Electric Company | Staged multi-tube premixing injector |
| US8613197B2 (en) * | 2010-08-05 | 2013-12-24 | General Electric Company | Turbine combustor with fuel nozzles having inner and outer fuel circuits |
| US20120180487A1 (en) * | 2011-01-19 | 2012-07-19 | General Electric Company | System for flow control in multi-tube fuel nozzle |
| US8875516B2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2014-11-04 | General Electric Company | Turbine combustor configured for high-frequency dynamics mitigation and related method |
| US20130036743A1 (en) * | 2011-08-08 | 2013-02-14 | General Electric Company | Turbomachine combustor assembly |
| US9033699B2 (en) * | 2011-11-11 | 2015-05-19 | General Electric Company | Combustor |
| US20130122437A1 (en) * | 2011-11-11 | 2013-05-16 | General Electric Company | Combustor and method for supplying fuel to a combustor |
| US9134031B2 (en) * | 2012-01-04 | 2015-09-15 | General Electric Company | Combustor of a turbomachine including multiple tubular radial pathways arranged at multiple circumferential and axial locations |
| US9134023B2 (en) * | 2012-01-06 | 2015-09-15 | General Electric Company | Combustor and method for distributing fuel in the combustor |
| US9052112B2 (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2015-06-09 | General Electric Company | Combustor and method for purging a combustor |
| US8511086B1 (en) * | 2012-03-01 | 2013-08-20 | General Electric Company | System and method for reducing combustion dynamics in a combustor |
| US9267690B2 (en) | 2012-05-29 | 2016-02-23 | General Electric Company | Turbomachine combustor nozzle including a monolithic nozzle component and method of forming the same |
| US20130327050A1 (en) * | 2012-06-07 | 2013-12-12 | General Electric Company | Controlling flame stability of a gas turbine generator |
| CN102721057B (zh) * | 2012-06-25 | 2014-08-13 | 潘育坛 | 一种工业用燃气燃烧器 |
| US20140000269A1 (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2014-01-02 | General Electric Company | Combustion nozzle and an associated method thereof |
| US9291103B2 (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2016-03-22 | General Electric Company | Fuel nozzle for a combustor of a gas turbine engine |
| FR3004239B1 (fr) * | 2013-04-05 | 2020-10-23 | Fives Pillard | Bruleur gaz a premelange bas nox |
| US10274200B2 (en) | 2013-10-18 | 2019-04-30 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Fuel injector, combustor, and gas turbine |
| US9435540B2 (en) | 2013-12-11 | 2016-09-06 | General Electric Company | Fuel injector with premix pilot nozzle |
| US10107499B2 (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2018-10-23 | General Electric Company | Fuel plenum for a fuel nozzle and method of making same |
| CN105509069A (zh) * | 2014-09-23 | 2016-04-20 | 苏州宝联重工股份有限公司 | 一种新型常明灯稳燃器装置 |
| US9714767B2 (en) | 2014-11-26 | 2017-07-25 | General Electric Company | Premix fuel nozzle assembly |
| US10030869B2 (en) | 2014-11-26 | 2018-07-24 | General Electric Company | Premix fuel nozzle assembly |
| US9982892B2 (en) | 2015-04-16 | 2018-05-29 | General Electric Company | Fuel nozzle assembly including a pilot nozzle |
| US9803867B2 (en) | 2015-04-21 | 2017-10-31 | General Electric Company | Premix pilot nozzle |
| US20180313540A1 (en) * | 2017-05-01 | 2018-11-01 | General Electric Company | Acoustic Damper for Gas Turbine Engine Combustors |
| US10890329B2 (en) | 2018-03-01 | 2021-01-12 | General Electric Company | Fuel injector assembly for gas turbine engine |
| KR102572047B1 (ko) * | 2018-10-05 | 2023-08-30 | 파이브즈 필라드 | 버너 및 버너 연소 방법 |
| US10935245B2 (en) | 2018-11-20 | 2021-03-02 | General Electric Company | Annular concentric fuel nozzle assembly with annular depression and radial inlet ports |
| US11073114B2 (en) | 2018-12-12 | 2021-07-27 | General Electric Company | Fuel injector assembly for a heat engine |
| US11286884B2 (en) | 2018-12-12 | 2022-03-29 | General Electric Company | Combustion section and fuel injector assembly for a heat engine |
| US11156360B2 (en) | 2019-02-18 | 2021-10-26 | General Electric Company | Fuel nozzle assembly |
| US12454909B2 (en) | 2021-12-03 | 2025-10-28 | General Electric Company | Combustor size rating for a gas turbine engine using hydrogen fuel |
| US12331932B2 (en) | 2022-01-31 | 2025-06-17 | General Electric Company | Turbine engine fuel mixer |
| US12215866B2 (en) | 2022-02-18 | 2025-02-04 | General Electric Company | Combustor for a turbine engine having a fuel-air mixer including a set of mixing passages |
| CN120232029B (zh) * | 2025-04-25 | 2025-11-25 | 清华大学 | 喷气推进装置的加力燃烧室及其变几何突扩火焰稳定器 |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH303030A (de) * | 1952-08-15 | 1954-11-15 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Gasbrenner, vorzugsweise für Brennkammern von Gasturbinenanlagen. |
| US2935128A (en) * | 1957-06-06 | 1960-05-03 | Nat Airoil Burner Company Inc | High pressure gas burners |
| US3685950A (en) * | 1969-06-23 | 1972-08-22 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Combustion apparatus for mixing fuel and air in divided portions |
| GB1465785A (en) | 1973-03-12 | 1977-03-02 | Tokyo Gas Co Ltd | Burner and method of combustion- |
| JPS5271737A (en) * | 1975-12-11 | 1977-06-15 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Burner |
| US4100733A (en) * | 1976-10-04 | 1978-07-18 | United Technologies Corporation | Premix combustor |
| US4618323A (en) * | 1980-02-19 | 1986-10-21 | Southers California Edison | Method and burner tip for suppressing emissions of nitrogen oxides |
| DE3361535D1 (en) * | 1982-05-28 | 1986-01-30 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Gas turbine combustion chamber and method of operating it |
| US5121608A (en) * | 1988-02-06 | 1992-06-16 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Gas turbine engine fuel burner |
| JPH02147610U (ja) * | 1989-05-11 | 1990-12-14 |
-
1991
- 1991-12-16 US US07/807,483 patent/US5263325A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-10-19 JP JP51088493A patent/JP3312152B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-10-19 DE DE69203729T patent/DE69203729T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-10-19 EP EP92922181A patent/EP0617780B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-10-19 WO PCT/US1992/008932 patent/WO1993012388A1/en not_active Ceased
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010091258A (ja) * | 2008-10-03 | 2010-04-22 | General Electric Co <Ge> | 予混合直接噴射ノズル |
| JP2010169385A (ja) * | 2009-01-23 | 2010-08-05 | General Electric Co <Ge> | ターボ機械の結束多管ノズル |
| JP2010181137A (ja) * | 2009-02-04 | 2010-08-19 | General Electric Co <Ge> | 予混合直接噴射ノズル |
| JP2010266185A (ja) * | 2009-05-14 | 2010-11-25 | General Electric Co <Ge> | 予混合直接噴射式二次燃料ノズルを有する乾式低NOx燃焼システム |
| JP2014181900A (ja) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-29 | General Electric Co <Ge> | 燃料ノズルハウジングを備えたマルチチューブ燃料ノズルを有するシステム |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1993012388A1 (en) | 1993-06-24 |
| US5263325A (en) | 1993-11-23 |
| DE69203729D1 (de) | 1995-08-31 |
| DE69203729T2 (de) | 1996-04-11 |
| JP3312152B2 (ja) | 2002-08-05 |
| EP0617780B1 (en) | 1995-07-26 |
| EP0617780A1 (en) | 1994-10-05 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JPH07501876A (ja) | 低NOx燃焼 | |
| US5894720A (en) | Low emissions combustion system for a gas turbine engine employing flame stabilization within the injector tube | |
| US4263780A (en) | Lean prechamber outflow combustor with sets of primary air entrances | |
| KR0149059B1 (ko) | 가스터빈연소기 | |
| US4928481A (en) | Staged low NOx premix gas turbine combustor | |
| US6826913B2 (en) | Airflow modulation technique for low emissions combustors | |
| US4292801A (en) | Dual stage-dual mode low nox combustor | |
| US5836164A (en) | Gas turbine combustor | |
| US5127221A (en) | Transpiration cooled throat section for low nox combustor and related process | |
| US4271674A (en) | Premix combustor assembly | |
| US5974781A (en) | Hybrid can-annular combustor for axial staging in low NOx combustors | |
| JP2954480B2 (ja) | ガスタービン燃焼器 | |
| JP2597785B2 (ja) | ガスタービン燃焼器用空気燃料混合器 | |
| US6736338B2 (en) | Methods and apparatus for decreasing combustor emissions | |
| GB2082756A (en) | Combustion method and combuster for gas turbine | |
| EP0026595B1 (en) | Automotive gas turbine engine | |
| US7024861B2 (en) | Fully premixed pilotless secondary fuel nozzle with improved tip cooling | |
| JPH02309124A (ja) | 燃焼器及びその運転方法 | |
| EP0773410B1 (en) | Fuel and air mixing tubes | |
| US4351156A (en) | Combustion systems | |
| GB2098720A (en) | Stationary gas turbine combustor arrangements | |
| US4343148A (en) | Liquid fueled combustors with rotary cup atomizers | |
| US5577904A (en) | Method of operating a premixing burner | |
| JPH0443220A (ja) | ガスタービンの燃焼器 | |
| US4179881A (en) | Premix combustor assembly |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080531 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090531 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090531 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100531 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110531 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110531 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120531 Year of fee payment: 10 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130531 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term | ||
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130531 Year of fee payment: 11 |