JPH07507471A - 高周波切除を行うための針電極を備えたカテーテル - Google Patents
高周波切除を行うための針電極を備えたカテーテルInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07507471A JPH07507471A JP6501576A JP50157693A JPH07507471A JP H07507471 A JPH07507471 A JP H07507471A JP 6501576 A JP6501576 A JP 6501576A JP 50157693 A JP50157693 A JP 50157693A JP H07507471 A JPH07507471 A JP H07507471A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- catheter
- distal end
- needle
- electrode
- extending
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000007674 radiofrequency ablation Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 210000004165 myocardium Anatomy 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 206010052428 Wound Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 206010003119 arrhythmia Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001515 vagal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006793 arrhythmia Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000004204 blood vessel Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001000 nickel titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YGCODSQDUUUKIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zoxazolamine Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C2OC(N)=NC2=C1 YGCODSQDUUUKIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000747 cardiac effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003399 chemotactic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000026058 directional locomotion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003902 lesion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- HLXZNVUGXRDIFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel titanium Chemical compound [Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ti].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni] HLXZNVUGXRDIFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002271 resection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012781 shape memory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
- A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
- A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
- A61B18/1492—Probes or electrodes therefor having a flexible, catheter-like structure, e.g. for heart ablation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
- A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
- A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
- A61B18/1477—Needle-like probes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/00234—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for minimally invasive surgery
- A61B2017/00292—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for minimally invasive surgery mounted on or guided by flexible, e.g. catheter-like, means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00053—Mechanical features of the instrument of device
- A61B2018/00184—Moving parts
- A61B2018/00196—Moving parts reciprocating lengthwise
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
- A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
- A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
- A61B2018/1405—Electrodes having a specific shape
- A61B2018/1425—Needle
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2210/00—Particular material properties of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
- A61F2210/0014—Particular material properties of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof using shape memory or superelastic materials, e.g. nitinol
- A61F2210/0023—Particular material properties of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof using shape memory or superelastic materials, e.g. nitinol operated at different temperatures whilst inside or touching the human body, heated or cooled by external energy source or cold supply
- A61F2210/0033—Particular material properties of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof using shape memory or superelastic materials, e.g. nitinol operated at different temperatures whilst inside or touching the human body, heated or cooled by external energy source or cold supply electrically, e.g. heated by resistor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
- A61M25/0105—Steering means as part of the catheter or advancing means; Markers for positioning
- A61M25/0133—Tip steering devices
- A61M25/0147—Tip steering devices with movable mechanical means, e.g. pull wires
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるため要約のデータは記録されません。
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
高周波切除を行うための針電極を輛えたカテーテル本発明は、高周波切除(ra
diofrequency ablation)を行うための針電極を備えたカ
テーテルに関し、より詳しくは、心臓の心筋層の高周波切除を行うカテーテルに
関する。
高周波切除は、心臓の心筋層に傷(lesions)を付けることにより不整脈
を無くす試みに使用されている。しかしながら、特に、心臓の成る領域、例えば
心尖(apex)の厚さが1cmはどある心室であって、不整脈を引き起こす迷
走性経路が心筋層の心内膜側てはなく心外膜側にある心室に充分な大きさ及び充
分な深さの傷を付けることは困難なことが判明している。使用されている現在の
技術では、傷の深さは2〜6+w+に制限される。したがって、心臓の心筋層に
より深く且つより大きい傷を付けることができる新規で改善されたカテーテルに
対する要望がある。
本発明の目的は、概略的には、心臓の心筋層により深く且つより大きい傷を付け
る高周波切除を行うための針電極を備えたカテーテルを提供することにある。
本発明の他の目的は、心筋層に穿通し且つRF(高周波)エネルギを供給するの
に同一針を使用する上記特徴をもつカテーテルを提供することにある。
本発明の他の目的は、後退(引っ込める)可能な針を備えた上記特徴をもつカテ
ーテルを提供することにある。
本発明の他の目的は、カテーテルとは独立的に前進できる上記特徴をもつカテー
テルを提供することにある。
本発明の他の目的は、先端側端部を操縦できる上記特徴をもつカテーテルを提供
することにある。
本発明の他の目的及び特徴は、添付図面に関連して詳細に述べる好ましい実施例
についての以下の説明から明らかになるであろう。
第1図は、心臓の心筋層の高周波切除を行うための固定針電極を備えたカテーテ
ルを示す部分側断面図である。
第2図は、第1図の2−2線に沿う断面図である。
第3図は、カテーテル、該カテーテルに使用する制御装置、及びカテーテルの先
端側端部を操縦できる後退可能な針電極を示す側面図である。
第4図は、第3図の4−4線に沿う断面図である。
第5図は、第3図に示すカテーテルの先端側端部の拡大断面図であり、後退位置
にある針電極を示すものである。
第6図は、第5図の6−6線に沿う断面図である。
一般に、心臓の心筋層の高周波切除を行うための針電極を備えたカテーテルは可
撓性のある長い部材(可撓性長部材)からなり、該可撓性長部材はこれを貫通し
て延びる少なくとも1つのルーメンと、手元側端部及び先端側端部とを有する。
可撓性長部材の先端側端部には、導電性材料で形成された針状電極が固定されて
いる。導体(導線)がルーメンを通って延び且つ電極に接続されている。また、
導体及び電極に高周波エネルギを供給するための手段が設けられている。
第1図及び第2図により詳しく示すように、本発明を導入した、心臓の心筋層の
高周波切除を行うための針電極を備えたカテーテル11は、プラスチック等の適
当な材料で形成された可撓性長エレメント12からなり、該可撓性長エレメント
12にはこれを貫通して延びる少なくとも1つのルーメン13が設けられている
。可撓性長エレメント12には、手元側端部14及び先端側端部16が設けられ
ている。RF(高周波)切除電極21がステンレス鋼等の適当な導電性材料で形
成され且つ先端側端部16により支持されている。電極にはスカート22が設け
られており、該スカート22は可撓性長エレメント12の先端側端部16上に延
び且つ接着剤等の適当な手段で先端側端部16に固定されている。スカート22
からは、円筒状断面の針23が設けられた針電極21が延びている。一般に、尖
鋭針電極23は、1−10mmのような適当な長さ及び0.005〜0.020
インチ(0,127〜0.508mm)の直径にすることができる。
可撓性長エレメント12は、0.010インチ(0,254−一のような適当な
外径にすることができる。ルーメン13は、管状部材12に約0.0015イン
チ(0,0381M)の壁厚を付与すべく、0.00フインチ(0,178m+
)のような適当な直径にすることができる。ルーメンI3内には導体26が配置
されておリ、該導体26は0.004インチ(0,102−のような適当な直径
を有する。
導体26は銅のような適当な材料で形成でき且つろう付け27のような適当な手
段により尖鋭針23に接続されている。導体26は可撓性長エレメントすなわち
可撓性長部材12の手元側端部14から出てケーブル31に接続され、該ケーブ
ル31は慣用的な高周波電源32に接続される。
カテーテル11の作動及び使用について以下に簡単に説明する。例えば、係属中
の1991年2月15日付米国特許出願第07/656.764号(現在は米国
特許第5、156.151号)に開示された装置及び方法に関連する説明のよう
に、マツピング及び切除処置(mpping and ablation pr
ocedure)を行っている最中にあること、及び切除を行いたい正確な位置
を確保すべくマツピングが実行されていることを想定されたい。所望位置が確保
されると直ぐに、本発明のカテーテル11は、マツピングカテーテルに設けられ
たルーメンを通して前進させることができる。或いは、本発明のカテーテル11
は、マツピングカテーテルの外部で前進させるが、本発明のカテーテル11自体
で前進させることができる。カテーテル11は可撓性長部材12上で押すことに
より前進させることができる。カテーテル11が前進されるとき、X線透視手法
によりその過程を視認することができる。心筋層内の所望位置に到達するまで前
進が続けられる。カテーテルは、尖鋭針23が例えば2〜3Mのような適当な深
さまで心筋層を穿通ずるように更に前進される。針電極が充分に深く穿通される
と直ぐに、電源32から高周波エネルギが供給される。これにより、心筋層が1
cmはどの厚さを有しており且つ迷走性経路が心筋層の心内膜側ではなく心外膜
側に存在する場合であっても、心筋層内の迷走性経路を破壊すべく8〜10+m
+の深さ及び約5〜7IIII11の直径をもつ傷が容易に得られる。
切除処置が完了すると直ぐに、カテーテル11を取り外してこの処置を完了させ
ることができる。
後退可能な針電極を使用した本発明のカテーテルの他の実施例が第3図〜第6図
に示されている。カテーテル41及び該カテーテルに使用する制御コンソール4
2が第3図に示されている。このカテーテルはプラスチックのような適当な材料
で形成された可撓性長部材43からなり、該可撓性長部材43には複数のルーメ
ン、例えば第4図に示すように、可撓性長部材43の外周部の回りで周方向に間
隔を隔てて配置された6個のルーメン46〜51と、大きな中央ルーメン52と
が設けられている。可撓性長部材43には手元側端部56及び先端側端部57が
設けられている。先端側端部57には、アクチュエータ部材61力沖央ルーメン
52内で摺動できるように取り付けられている。アクチュエータ部材61は、金
属又はプラスチック等の適当な材料で形成できる。アクチュエータ部材61は、
比較的剛性のあるチューブすなわちロッド62を有し、該ロッド62の両端部に
は1対の円形ディスク63.64が設けられている。該ディスク63.64は、
接着剤のような適当な手段によりルーメン52を形成する側壁に固定された円形
ディスク6Gの間でルーメン52の長手方向に移動する。ディスク66には、チ
ューブすなわちロッド62が通る孔67が設けられている。チューブすなわちロ
ッド62は、軸線方向に延びるボア68が設けられた管状部材として示されてい
る。
アクチュエータ部材61の先端側端部には針状電極71が取り付けられている。
この針状電極7Iは、ディスク64に取り付けられたところが示され且つチュー
ブすなわちロッド62の長手方向軸線のルーメン52の長手方向軸線と整合して
ディスク64から先端側に延びている。図示のように、電極71はアクチュエー
タ部材61と一体に形成することができる。針状電極71及びアクチュエータ部
材61は適当な電極形導電性材料で形成でき、例えばステンレス鋼又は金めっき
された銅で形成することができる。針状電極71は、0.005〜0.020イ
ンチ(0,127〜0. 508mm)の範囲の直径及び5 on−1,5cm
+の範囲の長さにすることができる。図示のように、針状電極71には尖鋭部7
2が設けられている。
可撓性長部材43の先端側端部には円形シール76が取り付けられ且つ接着剤の
ような適当な手段により先端側端部内に保持されている。シール76には直径方
向に延びたスリット77が設けられており、該スリット77を通って針状電極7
1が伸長及び後退できるようになっている。シール76は、血液のような液体力
沖央ルーメン52内に流入することを防止する機能を有する。
針状電極71を支持するアクチュエータ部材61を前進及び後退させる手段が設
けられており、該手段は螺旋ばね81.82からなる。これらの螺旋ばね81.
82はアクチュエータ部材6I上に同心状に配置され、螺旋ばね81の手元側端
部はディスク63と係合し、その先端側端部は可撓性長部材43に固定されたデ
ィスク66と係合している。同様に、ばね82は、ディスク66と係合する手元
側端部と、ディスク64と係合する先端側端部とを有する。これらのばね81.
82は、例えばニチノール(Nitinol )のようなニッケルーチタン合金
等の形状記憶材料で形成されている。
ばね81.82に電気エネルギを供給する手段が設けられている。該手段は導体
86からなり、該導体86はルーメン47内に配置され、ボア68内に入り、チ
ューブ62の孔84を通ってばね81の手元側端部に接続されている。同様に、
ルーメン51内には導体86が設けられ、該導体86はポア68内に入り、孔8
7を通ってばね82の先端側端部に接続されている。ばね82の手元側端部とば
ね81の先端側端部とは、ディスク66の孔(図示せず)を通って延びるクロス
リンク88により相互連結されている。クロスリンク88は、ルーメン49内に
配置された共通の戻り導体89に接続されている。導体83.86.89は可撓
性長部材 41の手元側端部まで延び、コネクタ92が設けられた可撓性ケーブ
ル92に接続されている。導体83.86には、アクチュエータ部材61の往復
運動に適応できるようにするコイル状部分83a、862が設けられている。
コネクタ92は、制御コンソール42に接続された他のケーブル94に接続され
る相手コネクタ93に連結される。制御コンソール42は係属中の1991年1
2月12日付米国特許出願第07/893.770号に記載された形式のもので
あり且つスライド機構 96を有している。該スライド機構96は第3図に示す
ように上下方向に移動でき、該スライド機構を前方又は後方(換言すれば前進方
向及び後退方向)に移動させることにより、伸長位置と後退位置との間で針電極
71を移動させる。したがって、スライド機構を後退方向に移動させ、ばね81
にエネルギを供給することにより、ばね81が膨張してばね82を圧縮し、これ
により、針電極71を第5図に示す位置(この位置で、針電極71はシール76
の後方に配置される)に後退させる。逆に、スライド機構96が前方に移動され
る場合には、ばね82が膨張され、針電極72を、シール76に設けられたスリ
ット77を通して可撓性長部材43の先端側端部から突出させる。
制御コンソール42には、オンオフスイッチ97と、スイッチが入っていること
を表示する発光ダイオードの形態をなす表示ランプ98とが設けられている。
また、制御コンソールにはジョイスティック101が設けられており、該ジョイ
スティック101は360°に亘って枢動し、可撓性長部材43の先端側端部の
指向性運動を生じさせることができる。これを行うため、ルーメン46.48.
50内には、日本のToki社により供給されるフレクシノール(Flexin
ol)のような負の膨張係数をもつ材料で形成された3つの長いエレメントが設
けられ、該エレメントは、それぞれルーメン46.48.50内に設けられた導
体102.103.104に接続されている。これらの導体は、ケーブル91.
コネクタ92.93及びケーブル94を介して制御コンソール42内に設けられ
た回路に接続される。係属中の1991年11月18日付米国特許出願第07/
793.858号に記載されているように、負の膨張係数をもつ材料からなる長
いエレメントの先端側端部が共通の戻り導体87に相互連結されている。上記米
国特許出願束07/793.858号に記載されているように、ジョイスティッ
クlO1を操作することにより、可撓性長部材43の先端側端部の運動を所望通
りに制御し且つ指向させることができる。
このカテーテル41は、第1図及び第2図に示したカテーテル11と全く同様に
して切除処置を行うことができる。このカテーテル41は、係属中の1991年
2月15日付米国特許出願第07/656.764号に記載されたマツピング及
び切除装置に使用できる。このカテーテル41は、該カテーテルを患者の血管内
に導入するときに針電極72が後退位置にあり、したがって針電極72が、カテ
ーテルが前進されるルーメンの側壁に不意に突き刺さってしまうことがないとい
う付加的な長所を有する。また、カテーテル41は、外科医により該カテーテル
の手元側端部が前進されるときに、ジョイスティック101の使用により、カテ
ーテル41の先端側端部が所望位置に移動されるように、カテーテルの先端側端
部を位置決めできるという長所を有する。マツピング操作により切除すべき領域
を決定した後、カテーテル41がこの位置に前進され且つ心筋層と接触して移動
される。
次に、スライド機構96を前方位置に移動させることにより該スライド機構96
を操作し、シール76に設けられたスリット77を通して針電極72を前進させ
且つ心筋層に所望の深さまで穿通する。穿通が達成されると直ぐに、制御コンソ
−ル 42から針電極72に高周波エネルギを供給して所望の切除を行うことが
できる。前に説明したように、深く穿通ずる電極72を用いているため、比較的
少量のエネルギにより比較的大きく且つ深い傷を付けることができる。例えば、
前述のように、15ジユールはどの少量のエネルギを用いて、深さ10m及び直
径5〜lOmの傷を付けることができる。切除が完了した後、カテーテル41は
慣用的な方法で取り外される。
高周波切除を行うための針電極を備えたカテーテルの別の実施例が第7図及び第
8図に示されている。これらに図示されているように、カテーテル121は、前
述の種類の適当なプラスチックで形成された可撓性長部材122を有し、該部材
122には手元側端部123及び先端側端部124が設けられている。また、可
撓性長部材122には、該部材の全長に亘って延びている大きな中央ルーメン1
26と、該中央ルーメン126の回りで周方向に間隔を隔てて配置された、中央
ルーメンより小さな付加ルーメン127.128.129.130が設けられて
いる。ルーメン127.128.130は約120°の間隔を隔てて配置されて
いる。前述の実施例で説明したように、先端側端部124の操縦可能性を与える
ため、ルーメン127.128.130内には導体136.137.138が設
けられ、ルーメン129には戻り導体139が設けられている。少なくとも3つ
のこれらの導体は、120°以下の間隔を隔てて配置されている。導体136.
137.13Bの先端側端部は、日本のTok i社により提供されているFl
exinolのような負の膨張係数をもつ任意の材料で形成される。導体136
.137.138.139は、ケーブル+41を介して電源142に接続されて
おり、該電源142には可撓性長部材122の先端側端部124の運動を制御す
るためのジョイスティック制御装置143が設けられている。
針146はステンレス鋼のような適当な材料で形成され且つ中央ルーメン126
の先端側端部内に配置されている。針146にはハブ147が設けられており、
該ハブ147は、例えばハイポチューブのようなステンレス鋼の管状部材等の適
当な材料で形成された可撓性ブシュプルワイヤ148の先端側端部に取り付けら
れている。管状部材148は中央ルーメン126の全長に亘って延び且つ可撓性
長部材122aの手元側端部123に取り付けられたハウジング151内に延び
ている。ハウジング151には長いスロット152が設けられており、該スロッ
ト152は、ブシュプルワイヤ148の手元側端部を受け入れる円筒状凹部15
3内に開口している。スライダ154が凹部154を通って延びている。
スライダ154の一端には指係合部材156が設けられ且つ凹部153内の他端
にはカラー157が設けられている。ブシュプルワイヤ148がカラー157を
通って延び且つ留めねじ158のような適当な手段によりカラー157に固定さ
れている。可撓性長部材122の先端側端部にはシール161が設けられ、該シ
ール161にはスリット162が設けられている。シール161は、血液のよう
な液体が中央ルーメン126に流入することを防止する機能を有し且つスライダ
154の操作により針146がソールに対して伸長及び後退できるようにする。
カテーテル121が所望位置に前進されたならば、先端側端部がジョイスティッ
ク143を用いて前述のようにして操縦され、針146を手で所定位置に前進さ
せ、所望深さまで心筋層に穿通することができる。次に、前の実施例に関連して
説明したように、電源142から高周波エネルギを針に供給する。この実施例の
カテーテルは、構造が比較的簡単で且つ医者が手で針を前進及び後退させること
ができる点で優れている。切除処置が完了したならば、リトラクタすなわちスラ
イダ154により針146を後退させることができる。次に、カテーテルを取り
外すことができる。
以上から、心臓の心筋層の高周波切除に使用できる針電極を備えたカテーテルが
提供されることが理解されよう。心筋層内に深く穿通する針電極を用いることに
より、広範囲をカバーする深い傷を付けることができ、これにより、迷走性経路
を破壊して心臓の不整脈を無くす所望の効果が得られる。後退可能な針電極を設
けることにより、血管壁に不意に突き刺さる危険が無くなる。
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1.患者の心臓の心筋層の高周波切除に使用するカテーテルにおいて、可撓性長 部材を有し、該部材がこれを貫通して延びる少なくとも1つのルーメン、手元側 端部及び先端側端部を備え、可撓性長部材の先端側端部に取り付けられる導電性 材料のみで形成された中実の針状電極と、前記ルーメンを通って延び且つ前記電 極に接続された導体と、前記導体及び電極に高周波エネルギを供給して心筋層を 切除させる手段とを更に有することを特徴とするカテーテル。 2.前記針電極が、0.002〜0.008インチ(0.0508〜0.203 mm)の直径及び0.5〜1cmの範囲の長さを有することを特徴とする請求の 範囲第1項に記載のカテーテル。 3前記可撓性長部材が、該部材の手元側端部に力を加えて針を心筋層に穿通でき る充分な剛性を有することを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項に記載のカテーテル。 4.前記可撓性長部材の先端側端部により支持された、前記針状電極を伸長及び 後退させる手段を更に有することを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項に記載のカテー テル。 5.患者の心臓の心筋層の高周波切除に使用するカテーテルにおいて、可撓性長 部材を有し、該部材がこれを貫通して延びる少なくとも1つのルーメン、手元側 端部及び先端側端部を備え、可撓性長部材の先端側端部に取り付けられる導電性 材料で形成された針状電極と、前記ルーメンを通って延び且つ前記電極に接続さ れた導体と、前記導体及び電極に高周波エネルギを供給して心筋層を切除させる 手段と、前記可撓性長部材の先端側端部により支持された、前記針状電極を伸長 及び後退させる手段とを更に有し、前記針状電極を伸長及び後退させる手段が、 負の膨張係数をもつ材料からなる第1及び第2ばね部材と、該ばね部材を前記針 状電極に固定する手段とを備え、前記第1及び第2ばね部材のうちの一方のばね 部材が付勢されると針状電極が後退され、他方のばね部材が付勢されると針状電 極が伸長されることを特徴とするカテーテル。 6.前記針状電極を伸長及び後退させる手段が、カテーテルのルーメンを通って 延びる手元側端部及び先端側端部を備えたプシュプルワイヤを有し、前記針状電 極がプシュプルワイヤの先端側端部に取り付けられ、前記針状電極を伸長及び後 退させる手段が、プシュプルワイヤを手で前進及び後退させるべくプシュプルワ イヤの手元側端部に固定された手段を更に有することを特徴とする請求の範囲第 4項に記載のカテーテル。 7.前記可撓性長エレメントの先端側端部に配置されたシールを更に有し、該シ ールにはシール可能な開口が設けられ、該開口を通って前記針状電極が伸長及び 後退できることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項に記載のカテーテル。 8.前記可撓性長部材の先端側端部を操縦運動を引き起こす手段を更に有するこ とを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項に記載のカテーテル。 9.前記操縦連動を引き起こす手段が、可撓性長部材内で約120°以下の間隔 を隔てて配置された少なくとも3つの長いエレメントと、前記可撓性長エレメン トに選択的にエネルギを供給してカテーテルの先端側端部の操縦運動を引き起こ す手段とを備えていることを特徴とする請求の範囲第8項に記載のカテーテル。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US894,409 | 1986-08-07 | ||
| US07/894,409 US5281218A (en) | 1992-06-05 | 1992-06-05 | Catheter having needle electrode for radiofrequency ablation |
| PCT/US1993/005289 WO1993025273A1 (en) | 1992-06-05 | 1993-06-02 | Catheter having needle electrode for radiofrequency ablation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07507471A true JPH07507471A (ja) | 1995-08-24 |
Family
ID=25403038
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6501576A Pending JPH07507471A (ja) | 1992-06-05 | 1993-06-02 | 高周波切除を行うための針電極を備えたカテーテル |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5281218A (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP0643601B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JPH07507471A (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU672611B2 (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2137152A1 (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE69330519T2 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO1993025273A1 (ja) |
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| AU4404993A (en) | 1994-01-04 |
| US5281218A (en) | 1994-01-25 |
| EP0643601A4 (en) | 1995-12-06 |
| DE69330519T2 (de) | 2002-05-16 |
| AU672611B2 (en) | 1996-10-10 |
| EP0643601A1 (en) | 1995-03-22 |
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