JPH0754209B2 - Absorption cold / hot water device and its operating method - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an absorption cold / hot water apparatus, and more particularly to an absorption cold / hot water apparatus that operates using exhaust heat as a heat source and an operating method thereof.

[Conventional technology]

Normally, in an absorption chiller, during cooling operation, cooling water is passed through the absorber and condenser, hot water (heat discharged from the engine, etc.) that serves as a heat source is passed through the generator, and the evaporator is used to cool the cooling water. Take out. The cooling cycle operates as a normal absorption refrigeration cycle.

On the other hand, in the case of heating, the hot water serving as a heat source and the hot water for heating may be directly heat-exchanged, but the route of the air conditioning fluid (cool water, hot water) is different between cooling and heating. I need a valve. That is, cold water is obtained from the evaporator, and hot water is obtained from the heat exchanger between the heat source hot water and the heating hot water.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

By the way, normally, an air conditioner has one coil and passes cold water during cooling and hot water during heating. Therefore, it is preferable to take out cold water and hot water from the same device (here, the evaporator) on the cold / hot water machine side.

Therefore, the present invention provides an absorption cold / hot water device and its operating method capable of extracting cold water and hot water from the same device, and capable of smoothly converting operation modes such as cooling operation, heating operation, and independent operation of a cooling tower. The purpose is to provide.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, a generator, a condenser, an absorber, an evaporator, a solution heat exchanger as a main component device, these are connected by a solution pipe, a refrigerant pipe absorption cold temperature constituting a cycle In the water device, a heat source cooler is provided in the heat source supply passage to the generator, and a cooling tower for cooling the cooling water for cooling the heat source cooler, the absorber and the condenser is provided, and the cooling tower and An absorption cold / hot water device characterized in that an automatic control valve is provided in each of a cooling water pipe leading to an absorber and a condenser and in a cooling water pipe leading to the cooling tower and a heat source cooler, and In the above absorption chilled / hot water apparatus, a heat source excess degree detector may be provided in the heat source supply passage to the generator.

In addition, in order to achieve the above-mentioned other objects, in the present invention,
In the above operation of the absorption chilled water heater, in the cooling cycle, the automatic control valve in the cooling water pipe leading to the cooling tower and the absorber and the condenser is opened to pass the cooling water to the absorber and the condenser, while heating In the cycle, the automatic control valve is closed to operate without passing water to the absorber and the condenser, and in the cooling operation or the heating operation, when the heat source is excessive, a cooling water pipe leading to the cooling tower and the heat source cooler. This is a method for operating an absorption chilled / hot water device, which is characterized in that an automatic control valve therein is opened to release a heat source to cooling water.

[Action]

In the absorption cold / hot water device that operates by using the exhaust heat of the engine as a heat source, in addition to producing cold / hot water as a function of the absorption cold / hot water device, it also has a role of cooling the heat source, but in the present invention,
The mode can be smoothly changed between the cooling operation mode, the heating operation mode, and the cooling tower single operation mode. Further, in the present invention, even in the cooling operation mode or the heating operation mode, when the heat source is excessive (when the heat source is hot water, it is detected by the hot water temperature, and when the heat source is steam, it is detected by the steam pressure), automatic control It is also possible to easily release the heat source to the cooling water by controlling the valve Vw.

The operation of the cooling tower and the operation of controlling the flow rate of the cooling water to the cooler are closely related to the operation control of the chiller-heater, and the control of each mode is preferably performed by the chiller-heater control panel.

The control of each mode is as follows.

Cooling operation mode: The automatic control valve Vr is opened, cooling water is passed through the cooling / heating machine, and the absorption cooling / heating machine performs a cooling cycle.

When the heat source is excessive, the automatic control valve Vw is controlled to release the heat source to the cooling water.

Heating operation mode: The automatic control valve Vr is opened, the cooling water is not passed through the chiller-heater, and the absorption chiller-heater performs a heating cycle.

When the heat source is excessive, the automatic control valve Vw is controlled to release the heat source to the cooling water.

In addition, the presence or absence of cooling water in the absorption chiller / heater has cooling water, and it takes time to start up. However, when switching to air conditioning, you can immediately enter air conditioning. This is because it takes a long time to fill the absorber and condenser with nothing. Automatic valve
A cooling water blow pipe having an automatic valve may be provided with the start point between the Vr and the absorber and the end point at the cooling tower. This automatic valve control can be used when switching between air conditioning and heating is expected frequently.
If it is closed and does not blow, and heating continues, open it,
You can blow it. The forecast may be based on the season. For example, open during heating in winter and close during intermediate periods.

Cooling tower single operation mode: The cycle operation of the absorption chiller-heater is stopped, and the automatic control valve Vw is controlled to discharge the heat source to the cooling water.

When the heat source is excessive, the automatic control valve Vw is controlled to release the heat source to the cooling water.However, if the cooling water does not flow for a long period of time, the cooling water in the heat source cooler has the same temperature as the heat source temperature. Increase to. Here, if it flows out, it damages the cooling tower (the allowable temperature of the cooling tower is about 50 to 60 ° C: the filler is made of plastic). As a countermeasure against this, a line for bypassing the cooling water is provided for the heat source cooler, and the cooling water passing through the cooler and the cooling water bypassing are mixed to keep the temperature below the allowable temperature. An orifice or valve is used to limit the flow rate of the bypass line.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Example 1 FIG. 1 shows a flow configuration diagram of an absorption cold / hot water device of the present invention. In FIG. 1, G is a generator, A is an absorber, E is an evaporator, C is a condenser, H is a solution heat exchanger, Vr and Vw are automatic control valves, 9 is a refrigerant vapor valve, and 10 is a refrigerant liquid. Valves, 11 and 12 are pumps, 15 is a heat source cooler, 16 is a heat source temperature detector, 17 is a cooling tower, 20 is a pump, pipes 1 to 4 are solution passages, pipes 5 to 8 are refrigerant passages, and pipes 21 to 25. Indicates a cooling water passage.

Then, in the cooling operation mode, the automatic control valve Vr is opened and the cooling water is passed through the absorber A and the condenser C to start the operation.

To explain the cooling cycle in the cooling operation mode, first, the diluted solution that has absorbed the refrigerant passes from the absorber A through the pipe 1,
The dilute solution sent to the heated side of the heat exchanger by the pump 11 and heated by the heat exchange is introduced into the generator G through the pipe 2. In the generator G, the refrigerant vapor that is heated by a heat source such as the jacket hot water of the engine from the pipe 14 is evaporated and concentrated. The concentrated concentrated solution passes from the pipe 3 through the heating side of the heat exchanger H, is introduced from the pipe 4 to the absorber A, absorbs the refrigerant again, and becomes a dilute solution, which is circulated from the pipe 1.

On the other hand, the refrigerant vapor generated in the generator G reaches the condenser C,
It is cooled by the cooling water in the condenser C, condensed, and introduced into the evaporator E from the pipe 5. In the evaporator E, the refrigerant takes heat from the cold water, exhibits a freezing effect, and evaporates. The vaporized refrigerant vapor is absorbed by the solution in the absorber A. The absorbed heat during absorption is cooled by the cooling water from the pipe 24 flowing through the absorber. In such operation, when the heat source supplied to the generator is excessive, the automatic control valve Vw is controlled by the command of the temperature detector 16 to release the heat source to the cooling water.

In the heating operation mode, the automatic control valve Vr is closed,
The cooling / heating machine is operated by a heating cycle without passing cooling water.

Next, the heating cycle in the heating operation mode will be described.

In the heating operation, the solution from the absorber A is introduced from the pipe 1 to the heated side of the solution heat exchanger H, heat exchanged with the concentrated solution on the heating side to raise the temperature, and after leaving the solution heat exchanger H. , From tube 2 to generator G. Here, the solution is heated and concentrated by the external heat source 14. The concentrated concentrated solution enters the heating side of the solution heat exchanger H from the generator G through the tube 3, heats the dilute solution on the heated side, and enters the absorber A through the tube 4.

The refrigerant vapor generated when the solution is concentrated in the generator G is introduced from the pipe 7 to the evaporator E by opening the refrigerant vapor valve 9 of the refrigerant vapor pipe 7 connecting the high pressure side and the low pressure side.
The hot water (air-conditioning fluid) from the pipe 18 passing through the evaporator E is heated and condensed. The condensed refrigerant liquid flows into the absorber A. Here, the refrigerant liquid flows through the pipe 6, the refrigerant pump 12, the pipe 8 and the refrigerant liquid valve 10. The refrigerant pump 12 may be stopped. The refrigerant vapor valve 9 can be opened / closed and the temperature can be adjusted by detecting the fluid temperature by the external fluid temperature detector 19.

Since the absorption tower has a low pressure, the solution entering the absorber has a high vapor pressure of the refrigerant and releases the refrigerant vapor to lower the temperature. The released refrigerant vapor is condensed in the evaporator E together with the refrigerant vapor on the high pressure side. The solution leaves the absorber A as it is, is mixed with the refrigerant liquid from the evaporator E to become a dilute solution, enters the solution heat exchanger H from the pipe 1, and circulates to form a heating cycle.

Even in such a heating cycle operation, when the heat source supplied to the generator is excessive, the automatic control valve Vr is controlled by the command of the temperature detector 16 to release the excess heat source to the cooling water.

When using engine exhaust heat as a heat source,
In addition to producing cold / hot water, it also has the role of cooling the heat source.Therefore, a cooling tower independent operation is created.In the cooling tower independent operation mode, the cycle operation of the chiller / heater is stopped and the automatic control valve Vw
Is controlled to cause the cooling water to flow through the heat source cooler 15 to release the heat source to the cooling water.

If the heat source cooler 15 does not release the heat source, the cooling water in the heat source cooler 15 rises to the same level as the heat source temperature.
Operate cooling water from 22 to lower the high temperature cooling water and then to the cooling tower.

〔The invention's effect〕

According to the present invention, with the above configuration,
The mode can be smoothly switched between the cooling operation mode, the heating operation mode, and the cooling tower independent operation mode, and the same air conditioning fluid path can be used for cooling and heating, which is very advantageous in terms of operation and economy. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flow configuration diagram of the absorption cold / hot water device of the present invention. G ... Generator, A ... Absorber, E ... Evaporator, C ... Condenser, H ... Solution heat exchanger, Vr, Vw ... Automatic control valve, 1
~ 4 ... Solution passage, 5-8 ... Refrigerant passage, 9 ... Refrigerant vapor valve, 10 ... Refrigerant liquid valve, 11,12 ... Pump, 13,14 ... Heat source passage, 15 ... Heat source cooler , 16 …… Heat source temperature detector, 17
...... Cooling tower, 18 ...... Cold and hot water passage, 19 ...... External fluid temperature detector, 21 to 25 ...... Cooling water passage.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An absorption cold / hot water device in which a generator, a condenser, an absorber, an evaporator, and a solution heat exchanger are main constituent devices, and these are connected by a solution pipe and a refrigerant pipe to form a cycle. A heat source cooler is provided in the heat source supply passage of the device, and a cooling tower for cooling the cooling water for cooling the heat source cooler, the absorber and the condenser is provided, and the cooling tower, the absorber and the condenser are provided. An absorption cold / hot water apparatus, wherein an automatic control valve is provided in each of the cooling water pipe and the cooling water pipe leading to the cooling tower and the heat source cooler. 2. The absorption cold / hot water apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a heat source excess degree detector is provided in the heat source supply passage to the generator. 3. In the operation of the absorption chilled / hot water apparatus according to claim 1, in a cooling cycle, an automatic control valve in a cooling water pipe leading to a cooling tower and an absorber and a condenser is opened to cool and condense the cooling water. In the heating cycle, the automatic control valve is closed to operate without passing water to the absorber and the condenser, and in the cooling operation or the heating operation, when the heat source is excessive, the cooling tower is used. A method for operating an absorption chilled / hot water device, which comprises operating an automatic control valve in a cooling water pipe to a heat source cooler to open to release the heat source to the cooling water.