JPH077074Y2 - Tool adapter with built-in planetary roller acceleration mechanism - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial application] The present invention relates to a tool adapter with a planetary roller speed-up mechanism.

[Conventional technology]

A planetary roller composed of a rotating part inserted into a spindle of a machine tool according to the prior art, a fixed part such as a spindle head which is removably engaged with a fixed side, and a tool mounting part for mounting a tool. In the tool adapter with built-in speed increasing mechanism,
The planetary roller in the rotating part, the sun roller in the tool mounting part, and the ring-shaped fixed raceway surface of the fixed part are in contact with each other with a predetermined pressure contact force.

When disassembling the tool mounting portion, there is no choice but to disassemble by forcibly pulling out the tool mounting portion from the front end against the friction due to the pressure contact force.

[Problems to be solved by the device]

When disassembling the tool mounting portion in the tool adapter with a built-in planetary roller speed-up mechanism according to the prior art, there is no appropriate gripping point, and therefore, as described above, if the pulling force is forced against the friction due to the pressure contact force, the planetary Damages the tool adapter with built-in roller acceleration mechanism.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

The planetary roller speed-increasing mechanism built-in tool adapter according to the present invention is such that a fixed portion, which is a hollow housing that is engaged with and disengaged from a fixed side of a machine tool, and a first half portion having a central hole are rotatable in the hollow housing. It is inserted into and supported by the main shaft of the machine tool, and the latter half of the latter is inserted into the central hole opened at the tip of the rotary part and is rotatable with respect to the fixed part and the rotary part. Through-hole that axially penetrates from the end of the latter half of the rotating part to the center hole, which is equipped with a sun roller that engages with the planetary roller A screw is engraved on the male screw member.

[Action]

When disassembling the tool mounting part of the tool adapter with built-in planetary roller speed-up mechanism, insert the screwdriver into the through hole from the rear end of the tool adapter with built-in planetary roller speed-up mechanism, rotate it, and turn the male screw member to the tip. To move forward. Then, the male screw presses the rear end surface of the sun roller, which is the rear end of the tool mounting portion. The pressing force resists the frictional force between the sun roller and the planet roller, and the sun roller disengages from the planet roller, and the tool mounting portion is easily pulled out from the front end of the tool adapter with the planetary roller speed-up mechanism. Thereafter, the male screw member is retracted to the initial position by rotating the screwdriver tool in the opposite direction.

〔Example〕

 An embodiment of this invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, a tool adapter with a planetary roller speed-up mechanism is fixed to a rotating portion A inserted into a spindle of a machine tool such as a machining center and fixed to a fixed side such as a spindle head so as to be engageable and disengageable. It is composed of a part B and a tool mounting part C for mounting a tool.

In the rotating portion A, the hollow shaft portion 1 at the tip, the flanged portion 2 at the middle, and the taper shank 3 at the rear end are integrally formed in a coaxial relationship.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, in the middle of the hollow shaft portion 1, there are insertion holes 5, 5, 5 (for inserting planetary rollers having a rectangular cross section radially extending from the outer peripheral surface to the center hole 4 ( In the example shown in the figure, three holes are formed at a central angle of 120 degrees, and further, at both ends in the axial direction of the hollow shaft portion 1 of the insertion hole 5, a mounting groove having a quadrangular cross section for the planetary roller drive pin is formed. 6a and 6b are formed.

The planetary roller 7 is rotatably attached via a needle roller bearing 9 to a drive pin 8 formed with shaft necks 8a and 8b having a substantially quadrangular cross section. When mounting the drive pin 8 to which the planetary roller 7 is attached to the hollow shaft portion 1, the planetary roller 7 is radially inserted from the outer diameter side of the hollow shaft portion 1 into the insertion hole 5 and the shaft necks 8a and 8b.
Are inserted into the mounting grooves 6a and 6b, respectively. Thus, each planetary roller 7 is rotatably attached to the hollow shaft portion 1 in the insertion hole 5.

As will be described later, the rotating portion B is rolling bearing 10; 11,
Although it is rotatably supported by 11, the insertion hole
The inner rings of the rolling bearings (for example, angular ball bearings having ceramic balls) 10 and the inner rings of the rolling bearings 11 and 11 on both sides of 5, 5 and 5 are formed so as not to interfere with the planetary roller 7. The comb-shaped spacers 12 as shown in the figure are fitted in between. The comb spacer 12 has the same number of comb gaps 12b as the insertion holes 5 except for the annular portion 12a at one end of the sleeve.
It has the same phase and the same width. Therefore,
The planetary roller 7 is inserted into and attached to the insertion hole 5 and also inserted into the comb gap 12b of the comb-shaped spacer 12.

The comb-shaped spacer 12 is positioned by the engagement between the recess 12d formed on the inner peripheral surface of the comb tip 12c and the steel ball 13 fitted into the hole on the outer peripheral surface of the hollow shaft portion 1, and the planetary roller 7
Interference with is prevented.

Therefore, when the drive pin 8 to which the planetary roller 7 is attached is inserted and incorporated, the rolling bearing 10 and the collar ring 63a cover the attachment groove 6b, so that the attachment groove 6a is provided with some allowance in the axial direction. First, insert one end of the drive pin 8 flush with one end face of the planetary roller 7 (the drive pin 8 projects toward the mounting groove 6a), and then insert the drive pin 8 toward the mounting groove 6b. Is displaced to.

Thus, the planetary roller 7 is positioned at the center position of the insertion hole 5, and the planetary roller 7 is rotatably attached to the hollow shaft portion 1 in the insertion hole 5.

Further thereafter, a means as shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b) is provided to prevent the drive pin 8 from being displaced toward the mounting groove 6a. FIG. 6 (a) shows an O-ring 14a fitted in a circumferential groove formed on the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate portion of the hollow shaft portion 1. The end surface of the shaft neck 8a is engaged with the O-ring 14a. It is supposed to do. FIG. 6 (b) shows a filling material such as a rubber ball 14b inserted in the play in the mounting groove 6a.
The end surface of the shaft neck 8a engages with 4b.

Thus, the planetary roller 7 is positioned at the center position of the insertion hole 5, and the planetary roller 7 is rotatably attached to the hollow shaft portion 1 in the insertion hole 5.

The following measures may be taken as a countermeasure against fretting wear that occurs on the contact surfaces of the shaft pins 8a, 8b of the drive pin 8 and the mounting grooves 6a, 6b. For example, cover the shaft 8a, 8b with a thin polyurethane cap of the same shape, or infiltrate the contact surfaces of the drive pin 8 between the shaft 8a, 8b and the mounting grooves 6a, 6b with solid lubricant such as Teflon particles. It is fixed and grease is applied.

It is convenient to engrave an engaging groove 8c for disassembly on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft 8a.

The drive pin 8 itself may function as a spacer without using the comb-shaped spacer 12 as shown in FIG. In this case, the rings 15 and 16 are sandwiched between the inner end surfaces of the inner races of the rolling bearings 10; 11 and 11 and both end surfaces of the drive pin 8.

By using the comb spacer 12 or the drive pin 8 itself, the rolling bearings 10; 11, 11 can be preloaded.

Further, on the outer peripheral surface of the hollow shaft portion 1, an elastic material V-shaped cross-section ring 19 having a lip 19a between the grooved collar portion 2 and the rear end surface of the rolling bearing 10 is attached by a ring-shaped fitting 26. Rolling bearing
An elastic member provided with a lip 20a between the front end surfaces of 11, 11 and the rear end surface of the labyrinth seal portion 18 formed in a brim at the rear end of the cap-shaped member 17 fitted to the front end of the hollow shaft portion 1. The V-shaped cross-section rings 20 are directly attached to each other.

Further, the hollow shaft portion 1 faces the front end hole 17a of the cap-shaped member 17.
A V-shaped cross-section ring 21 made of an elastic material and having a lip 21a is attached to the tip end surface of the ring by a ring-shaped attachment 27.

An annular groove 22 and a key groove 23 are formed in the grooved collar portion 2. The former is engaged with a replacement hand of an automatic tool changing device, and the latter is engaged with a main shaft key. Taper shank 3
A stepped screw hole 24 is provided so as to penetrate from the rear end surface toward the center hole in a coaxial relationship with the center hole 4, and the front screw portion 24a
A headless bolt 25 is screwed into the shaft, and a pull rod of the main shaft of the machining center is screwed into the rear screw part 24b.

In the fixed portion B, a jacket groove 31 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate portion, a ring-shaped fixed raceway surface 32 for planetary rollers is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the intermediate portion, and further, lip portions 19a, 20a of V-shaped cross-section rings 19, 20 are formed on the inner peripheral surfaces of both ends. And a labyrinth seal portion 35 is formed between the rear end surface and the grooved flange portion 2, and a cutting (grinding) coolant from the jacket groove 31 to the front end surface is formed. A hollow housing 30 having a substantially cylindrical shape is provided with a through hole 37 penetrating toward the ejection port 36. A jacket cover 38 covering the jacket groove 31 is fitted on the outer peripheral surface of the hollow housing 30.

When fitting the jacket cover 38, the inner and outer diameters of the hollow housing 30 are turned and the jacket cover 38 is fitted by tightening, and then the hollow housing 30 such as the ring-shaped fixed raceway surface 32 is fitted.
The inner peripheral surface of is ground and finished. By doing so, the distortion due to the tight fitting of the jacket cover 38 is removed, and the accuracy of the hollow housing 30 is maintained.

Further, a rotation stopping device 40 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the hollow housing 30. The rotation stopping device 40 includes a bracket 41 protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the hollow housing 30 in the radial direction, a guide sleeve 42 fixed to the bracket 41 in the axial direction of the housing, and a guide sleeve 42 slidably fitted in the guide sleeve 42 for compression. A detent pin 44 that is biased rearward in the spindle axis direction by a spring 43,
An engaging claw arm 45 which can be engaged and disengaged is bored in a radial direction in a positioning hole formed in the front end surface of the grooved collar portion 2, and is slidably fitted on the guide sleeve 42 and the rotation stopping pin 44 to be compressed. Spring
The adjustment sleeve 47 is biased rearward by the shaft 46 in the axial direction of the spindle. Then, the tip of the detent pin 44 is adapted to be engaged with the fixed portion of the machining center, for example, the engaging recess of the detent member on the tip surface of the spindle head when the spindle of the taper shank 3 is inserted. .

In the hollow housing 30 attached to the outer circumference of the hollow shaft portion 1, the outer races of the rolling bearings 10, 11, 11 are fixed to the inner circumferential surface thereof on the front and rear sides of the ring-shaped fixed raceway surface 32.
Lips 19a, 20a of V-shaped cross-section rings 19, 20 on the ridges 33, 34
Closely contact each other, the outer peripheral surfaces of the planetary rollers 7, 7, 7 are engaged with the ring-shaped fixed raceway surface 32, and the labyrinth seal portion 18
To face. The tool mounting portion C is a rotary shaft rotatably attached to the center hole 4 of the hollow shaft portion 1 via rolling bearings (eg, angular ball bearings having ceramic balls) 51, 51.
50, the rear end portion of which is in contact with the sun roller portion 52 and the planetary rollers 7, 7, 7 with a predetermined pressure contact force, and the tip portion of which protrudes from the tip hole 17a of the cap-shaped member 17 of the rotating portion A. A taper hole into which the taper shank of the tool T is inserted is formed. Then, a flange-shaped labyrinth seal portion 53 is formed at an engaging portion of the rotary shaft 50 with the tip hole 17a of the cap-shaped member 17, and the labyrinth seal portion 53 has a lip of the V-shaped cross-section ring 21. 21a is close.

After all, the ring-shaped fixed raceway surface 32, the planetary rollers 7, 7, 7 and the sun roller portion 52 constitute a planetary roller gearbox.

When disassembling the tool mounting portion of the above-mentioned tool adapter with a built-in planetary roller speed-up mechanism, insert a screwdriver tool into the stepped screw hole 24 from the rear end surface of the taper shank 3 and rotate the headless bolt 25. And move it toward the tip. Then, the headless bolt 25 presses the rear end surface of the sun roller portion 52 at the rear end portion of the rotating shaft 50. Planetary roller due to the pressing force
The sun roller unit 52 resists the friction due to the pressure contact with 7,7,7.
Is disengaged from the planetary rollers 7, 7, 7, and the tool mounting portion C is easily pulled out from the front end of the tool adapter with the planetary roller speed-up mechanism. Thereafter, the headless bolt 25 is retracted to the initial position by the reverse rotation operation of the screwdriver.

The disassembling structure and the disassembling operation are not limited to the planetary roller speed increasing mechanism built-in tool adapter having the structure in which the planetary rollers 7, 7 and 7 are incorporated in the radial direction as described above, and the sun roller unit 52
It can be easily understood that the present invention can be applied to disassembly of the tool adapter with the planetary roller speed increasing mechanism having another structure in which the and the planetary rollers 7,7,7 are pressed against each other.

Further, the operation of the tool adapter with the planetary roller speed increasing mechanism will be described.

By inserting a shank of a predetermined tool T into a taper hole at the tip of the rotary shaft 50, the tool T is gripped by a tool adapter with a planetary roller speed increasing mechanism. At that time, the engaging claw arm 45 is engaged with the positioning hole formed in the front end surface of the grooved collar portion 2 by the spring force of the compression spring 46, and the rotating portion A and the fixed portion B are engaged.
Are in a fixed relationship, and the key groove 23 and the tool T are maintained in a predetermined relative positional relationship in the rotational direction.

The tool adapter with the built-in planetary roller speed-up mechanism already mounted on the tool is stored, for example, in a tool magazine of a machining center, and the annular groove of the grooved collar portion 2 is gripped by an exchange hand to allow the spindle of the machining center to rotate at a predetermined angle. It is installed in a positional relationship. That is, the key of the main shaft is engaged with the key groove 23, the taper shank 3 is inserted into the taper hole of the main shaft, and the pull rod of the main shaft is screwed into the threaded portion 24b at the rear of the stepped screw hole 24 to form the taper shank. By pulling in 3, the tool adapter with the planetary roller speed increasing mechanism is fixed to the main shaft. At that time, the tip of the detent pin 44 engages with the engaging recess of the detent member on the tip surface of the spindle head, and the detent pin 44 retracts against the spring force of the compression spring 43, and the adjustment sleeve. 47 abuts on the tip end surface of the detent member, retracts against the spring force of the compression spring 46, and the engaging claw arm 45 separates from the positioning hole. As a result, the fixed portion B, that is, the hollow housing 30 is fixed, and the rotating portion A becomes rotatable with respect to the fixed portion B together with the main shaft.

Thus, when the spindle equipped with the tool adapter with the planetary roller speed-up mechanism is driven to rotate, the hollow shaft portion 1 rotates with respect to the hollow housing 30. Therefore, the ring-shaped fixed raceway surface 32
The expanding planetary roller 7 that contacts the axis rotates about the drive pin 8 and revolves around the spindle axis. Then, the sun roller portion 52 in contact with the planetary roller 7, that is, the tool T attached to the rotating shaft 50, is rotated at a higher speed than the rotation of the rotating portion A, that is, the main shaft.

The thrust load on the tool T is the rotating shaft 50, rolling bearing
It is supported by the main shaft via 51, 51 and the rotating part A.

Since the V-shaped cross-section rings 19, 20, 21 rotate together with the hollow shaft portion 1, the lips 19a, 20a of the V-shaped cross-section rings 19, 20 do not rotate during the low speed rotation. 3
Sliding on 3,34, the lip 21a of the V-shaped cross-section ring 21 is
It slides on the back surface of the flange-shaped labyrinth seal portion 53 of the tool attachment portion C that rotates at a higher speed than the hollow shaft portion 1.

However, in the case of high-speed rotation, the V-shaped cross-section ring 19,20,
Since 21 is open to the outside, centrifugal force causes lip 19
The a, 20a, and 21a bend in the closing direction, and the tips of the a, 20a, and 21a move away from the contact points on the respective sides. Therefore, there is no sliding during high-speed rotation, and frictional heat is not generated.

Therefore, the cutting (grinding) process is performed by the tool T rotating at a high speed. At that time, the cutting (grinding) coolant is sent from the jacket groove 31 through the through hole 37 toward the ejection port 36, and the process is performed from there. It is sprayed on the spot.

At that time, the penetration of cutting (grinding) coolant during machining into the tool adapter with the built-in planetary speed-increasing mechanism is
Although blocked by the V-shaped cross-section rings 19 and 20 and the V-shaped cross-section ring 21, the lip 19a, 20a, 21a of each V-shaped cross-section is separated from the close contact point during high speed rotation, but the labyrinth seal portion 35, Blocked by 18,53.

[Effect of device]

According to the tool adapter with a built-in planetary speed increasing mechanism of the present invention, the tool adapter with a built-in planetary roller speed increasing mechanism having no appropriate gripping point is provided with a sun roller which is in contact with the planetary roller 7 of the rotating portion with a predetermined pressure contact force. Even when the tool mounting portion is disassembled, it is possible to pull out the tool mounting portion from the front end without difficulty against the friction caused by the pressure contact force. Therefore, when the tool attachment portion is disassembled, the planetary roller speed increasing mechanism built-in tool adapter is not damaged.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 is a partial sectional front view of a tool adapter with a planetary speed increasing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a drive pin and a planetary roller insertion hole of a tool with a planetary speed increasing mechanism according to an embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a state in which a drive pin and a planetary roller of a tool adapter with a planetary speed increasing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention are inserted. 5 is a perspective view of a comb-shaped spacer of a tool adapter with a planetary speed increasing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a drive pin of a tool adapter with a planetary speed increasing mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of the planetary roller insertion / positioning means, and FIG. 7 is a partial sectional view of the comb-shaped spacer substitute means of the tool adapter with a planetary speed increasing mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention. 1: Hollow shaft part, 2: Grooved collar part, 3: Tapered shank 4: Center hole, 5: Insertion hole, 6a, 6b: Mounting groove 7: Planetary roller, 8: Drive pin, 9: Needle roller bearing 10,11,51: Rolling bearing, 12: Comb spacer 15,16: Ring, 17: Cap member 18,35,53: Labyrinth seal part 19,20,21: V-shaped cross section ring 19a, 20a, 21a: Lip, 22: Annular groove, 23: Key groove 24: Stepped screw hole, 24a: Front thread part, 24b: Rear thread part 25: Headless bolt, 26, 27: Fixture 30: Hollow housing, 31: Jacket groove 32: Ring-shaped fixed raceway surface, 33, 34: Projected edge part, 36: Jet port 37: Through hole, 38: Jacket cover, 40: Rotation stop device 50: Rotating shaft, 52: Sun roller part A: Rotating part, B : Fixed part, C: Tool mounting part

Front Page Continuation (72) Koichi Ueda, Koichi Ueda, Nishinomachi-cho, Minami-ku, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture Koyo Seiko Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A fixed portion, which is a hollow housing that is removably coupled to a fixed side of a machine tool, and a front half portion in which a central hole is formed are rotatably inserted and supported in the hollow housing, and the rear half portion is A rotating part mounted on the spindle of the machine tool,
It is inserted into a center hole opened at the tip of the rotating part, is rotatable with respect to the fixed part and the rotating part, has a sun roller engaging with the planetary roller of the rotating part at the rear end, and has a tool at the tip. It is composed of a tool mounting part to be mounted, a screw is engraved in a through hole that penetrates in the axial direction from the end of the latter half of the rotating part to the center hole, and a male screw member is screwed into it Tool adapter with built-in mechanism