JPH0776274A - Rail trolley - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] To prevent a vehicle moving on a rail from scratching or vibrating noise caused by sliding between the rail and the wheel when traveling on a curve. [Structure] Solid lubricant 10 such as carbon, and lubricant 10
A wheel lubrication device 1 for holding the wheel lubrication device 1 against the sliding portion of the wheel 2, and a wheel holding portion 4 for mounting the wheel lubrication device 1,
It is composed of a rail carriage having the wheel holding portion 4 mounted on the bottom thereof. [Effect] The solid lubricant applied to the wheel portion that slides on the rail surface during traveling on a curve reduces friction and prevents or reduces rubbing noise and vibration noise generated by sliding. Further, the formed lubricating film has almost no effect on the braking ability of the vehicle and does not impair safety.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bogie having wheels that moves on a rail-shaped track of a freight car or the like, and when these bogies travel on a non-linear portion of a rail such as a curve,
The present invention relates to a rail truck that can prevent or reduce the generation of scratching noise.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a basic structure of a passenger car or a freight car that travels on a rail track, wheels are linearly mounted along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. When the vehicle travels on a straight portion of the rail, these wheels can rotate and travel without slipping on the rail. However, when the vehicle travels on a curve, the wheels mounted on the straight line are not parallel to the rails. Therefore, the wheels are
Not only does it rotate on the rails, but it also advances while sliding on the contact surface between the rails and wheels in a direction other than the direction of travel. As a result, friction mainly occurs on the wheel tread surface and the rail upper surface, and a large scraping noise or vibration noise that is physiologically unbearable is generated.

As one of the solutions to the above problem, in passenger cars and freight cars used for general transportation, the bogie system is adopted for the wheel portions of the carriage. In the bogey method,
The vehicle body and the wheel portion are connected by a core plate so that the wheel portion can move independently of the vehicle body. Therefore, when the vehicle travels on a curve, the wheel portion moves in accordance with the bending of the rail, so that the friction between the wheel and the rail is suppressed to a minimum, and the generated rubbing noise is reduced.

However, some trolleys for carrying heavy objects do not employ the bogie system in order to maintain mechanical strength or for economic reasons. In particular, in a heavy-duty transportation cart that carries a load of several tens of tons or more, since the weight applied to each wheel is large, the rubbing noise due to the side slip during traveling on a curve becomes extremely large. Conventionally, by sprinkling sand etc. on the curved rail part, the friction at that part is reduced and the generated rubbing noise is reduced.

[0005]

However, if the curved portion of the rail is sprinkled with sand or the like, braking of the vehicle becomes very difficult. Similarly, when an oil-based lubricant such as grease is applied to the curved portion of the rail and the wheel portion, the friction can be reduced, but the braking ability is reduced.

An object of the present invention is to reduce lateral friction generated on a contact surface between a wheel tread and a rail during a curve running without reducing the braking ability of the vehicle as much as possible, and to prevent or reduce a rubbing noise caused by this friction. To provide a rail trolley that can do.

[0007]

The above object is to hold a solid lubricant such as carbon and the like, and to hold the solid lubricant.
It is achieved by a rail carriage characterized in that it has a lubricant pressure contact means for pressure contacting it with the rail.

As the solid lubricant, solid substances such as carbon constituting the motor brush portion of the generator motor and graphite having similar physical properties such as hardness to carbon are used.

[0009]

By applying a lubricant to the contact surface between the truck wheel and the rail, a lubricant film is formed on the wheel surface, and the frictional resistance at this contact surface is reduced. Therefore, the rubbing noise and the vibration noise caused by the sliding in the direction other than the traveling direction of the carriage that occurs when traveling on a curve are reduced.

Further, the lubricant applied to the wheel surface has almost no effect on the braking ability of the vehicle, namely, deceleration / stop of the vehicle speed, and does not impair safety. It is considered that this is because the lubricant, which is a solid, easily peels off the film once formed, and the lubricating action does not continue. further,
The amount of solid lubricant used can be reduced by operating the lubricant pressure contact means so that the lubricant does not come into contact with the wheel surface except when traveling on a curve.

[0011]

[Examples] In order to best show the effects of the present invention, the vehicle is moved on a rail including a curve installed on the premises of a factory,
An embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a rail carriage that transports a heavy load of several tens of tons or more will be described below.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. FIG. 1 shows a state in which a part of the rail carriage of this embodiment is viewed from the side. In FIG.
The rail trolley of the present embodiment includes a trolley body 5, a wheel 2 rolling on the rail 3, and a wheel holding portion 4 for mounting the wheel 2 on the trolley body 5 and holding the wheel 2. Wheel lubrication device 1 in which a lubricant is brought into contact with the surface in contact with the rail 3
Have and.

FIG. 2 shows the structure of the wheel lubrication device 1, and FIG. 3 shows its mounting state. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the wheel lubrication device 1 includes a solid lubricant 10 placed at a position where one end thereof contacts the wheel 2, a holder 20 for holding the solid lubricant 10, and a solid lubricant. A pressure adjusting mechanism 30 for applying a pressure when bringing the wheel into contact with the wheel, and adjusting a magnitude of the pressure, a contact position adjusting mechanism 50 for adjusting a contact position of the solid lubricant 10 with the wheel 2, and a holder And a mounting bracket 60 for mounting 20 on the wheel holder 4.

The solid lubricant 10 is made of carbon, for example. As this carbon, one having the same structure as that used in a motor brush used in a generator, an electric motor or the like can be used. Further, in this embodiment,
The contact position of the lubricant is the tread surface of the rotating wheel 2 that comes into contact with the upper portion of the rail. However, if the friction on the flange surface of the wheel 2 that comes into contact with the side surface of the rail is the main cause of friction noise, apply lubricant to the friction surface. Apply.

The holder 20 has a lubricant holding portion 21 for holding the solid lubricant 10 and a bracket 60 for holding the holding portion 21.
And a support arm 23 for fixing to. In the case of the present embodiment, the lubricant holding portion 21 is made of, for example, a metal body having a tubular structure, and a spring mounting portion 22 for mounting a spring of a pressure adjusting mechanism 30 described later is formed on a part of the outer peripheral surface thereof. Have. The lubricant 10 is inserted into the lubricant holding portion 21. The support arm 23 is the holder 20 of FIG.
As shown in the perspective view of the structure, the plate member 24a and the corner member 24b for reinforcement are included.

The pressure adjusting mechanism 30, as shown in FIG.
It has a spring 40 for applying pressure and a pressure adjusting member 35 for adjusting the pressing pressure by the spring 40. As the spring 40, for example, a coil spring is used. One end of the coil spring 40 is connected to the above-mentioned spring mounting portion 22. The other end has a pressure adjusting member 3
5 is attached to the spring attachment portion 31. Pressure adjusting member 3
As shown in the side view of FIG. 4 (B), the entire structure of 5 includes a bolt 34 and a carbon pressing member 3 that is fixed to one end of the bolt 34 and presses the carbon 10 with a plate-shaped pressing plate.
3 and a pair of spring mounting portions 3 for mounting the coil spring 40
1 and a nut 32 fixed to the bolt 34 and attached to the bolt 34.

The pressure adjusting member 35, as shown in FIG.
The spring mounting portion 31 is fixed to the lubricant holding portion 21 so as to protrude from the groove-shaped hole on the side surface of the lubricant holding portion 21 and move only in the groove direction. Further, since the nut 32 is fixed to the spring mounting portion 31, when the bolt 34 is rotated, the position on the bolt 34 changes, and as a result,
The distance between the spring mounting portions 22 and 31, that is, the length of the spring 40 changes, and the pressing pressure changes in proportion to the distance.

Further, the contact position adjusting mechanism 50 is composed of a slit 51 provided in the support arm 23 and a screw 52 inserted through the slit 51. The mounting bracket 60 is L
It has a frame portion 61 having a character shape and a reinforcing plate 62 for reinforcement, and a through hole (not shown) through which a screw 52 for fixing the frame portion 61 and the support arm 23 is inserted. , The mounting bracket 60 to the wheel holder 4
Has a through hole 63 through which a screw for attaching to is inserted.

In order to adjust the contact position of the carbon 10 by the contact position adjusting mechanism 50, the relative position between the support arm 23 and the frame portion 61 is changed within the range of the slit 51, and the screw 52 and the nut 53 ( (See FIG. 3). Further, as shown in FIG.
The base end portion 60a side of 1 is fixed to the wheel holding portion 4 with a screw 60b.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. To use the present embodiment, first, the tension of the spring 40 is adjusted by rotating the bolt 34 of the wheel lubrication device 1 mounted as shown in FIG. The contact pressure of the carbon 10 is adjusted. Since this contact pressure and the thickness of the carbon film on the wheel surface have a positive correlation, by adjusting the contact pressure,
A suitable carbon coating can be applied to the rotating surface of the wheel 2.

Further, by the contact position adjusting mechanism 50,
By adjusting the relative positions of the support arm 23 and the frame portion 61, the wheels 2 that slide on the rails when traveling on a curve.
A carbon lubricating film can be applied to a proper position on the surface.

In this embodiment, carbon 1 as a lubricant is used.
0 is brought into contact with the wheel 2 before the rail carriage starts moving. When the rail carriage moves, the carbon 10 that is in pressure contact with the wheel 2 wears and forms a lubricating film on the surface of the wheel 2. At the same time, the formed lubricating film peels off due to the contact between the rail and the wheel 2. To go. Therefore, by adjusting the contact pressure of the carbon 10, it is possible to always maintain a constant film pressure. Further, as described in the section of the above-mentioned action, even if the lubricating film is formed on the surface of the wheel 2, since it is easily peeled off appropriately, it hardly affects the braking ability such as deceleration / stop of the vehicle.

When the rail carriage according to the present embodiment passes through a curve, even if the wheel 2 slides on the contact surface with the curved rail, a lubricating film is formed on the surface of the wheel 2, Friction resistance on that side is small. Therefore, it is possible to prevent generation of large noise such as scraping noise.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the lubricant holding portion 2
The groove 10 provided on one side surface limits the moving range of the spring mounting portion 31 fixed to the pressure adjusting member 35 that pushes the carbon 10 at one end thereof. Even if it is worn due to rotation, the entire carbon 10 is prevented from being scraped.

Further, the carbon 10 is fixed between the wheel 2 and one end of the pressure adjusting member 35 only by the tension of the spring 40. Therefore, when the carbon 10 is worn and shortened, the spring 40 is removed, and the shortened carbon 10 is pulled out from the holder 20 together with the pressure adjusting member 35, so that the carbon 10 can be easily replaced. Further, the constituent material of carbon itself is economical because it is inexpensive and easy to process.

The device to which the present invention is applied is not limited to the shape shown in the present embodiment, but a solid lubricant may be used.
Any rail trolley may be used as long as it has a structure in which it can be brought into contact with a wheel surface position that generates a rubbing noise due to friction with the rail with a certain pressure.

Next, another embodiment to which the present invention is applied will be described. In the above-described embodiment, the lubricant is always brought into contact with the wheel surface. However, in this embodiment, a control device is added to the wheel lubrication device so that the wheel lubrication device operates only when traveling on a curve and the lubricant is applied to the wheel. Contact the surface. The mounting position is the same as that shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 shows an enlarged structural view of this embodiment as seen from the upper part of the trolley body. In FIG. 5, the wheel lubrication device fixes the wheel lubrication unit 70 that holds the lubricant and the wheel lubrication unit 4 to the wheel lubrication unit 70, and moves the wheel lubrication unit 70 between the operating position indicated by the alternate long and short dash line in the drawing and the normal position. A position changing mechanism 100,
A curve detection mechanism 200 for detecting whether the truck is passing through a curve or not.

When the curve detecting mechanism 200 detects the noise generated when the truck passes through the curve, it controls the position changing mechanism 100 to move the wheel lubrication unit 70 to the operating position and fix it there for a certain period of time. The carbon 10 is brought into contact with the surface of the wheel 2 at the curve position by performing a series of operations of returning to the original position.

The wheel lubrication unit 70 includes carbon 10 as a solid lubricant, a holder 20 including a lubricant holding unit 21 for holding the solid lubricant and a support arm 23, a carbon 10 including a spring 40 and a pressure adjusting member 35. And a wheel lubrication unit 7 including a pressure adjusting mechanism 30 for adjusting the contact pressure between the wheel 2 and the wheel 2.
Has 0 and.

The structure and operation of the wheel lubricating section 70 are as follows.
This is the same as the above-described embodiment shown in FIG. 2 except that the contact position adjusting mechanism 50 and the mounting bracket 60 are omitted. Further, in the present embodiment, the carbon 10 is fixed to the carbon pressing portion 33 (see FIG. 4B) of the pressure adjusting member 35 with a screw or the like. Therefore, even in the normal position where the carbon 10 is not in contact with the wheel 2, the carbon 10 is held by the holder 20 and does not fall off.

In FIG. 5, the position changing mechanism 100 is a rotating mechanism for rotating the wheel lubricating portion 70 around the rotation supporting point 101. In this embodiment, the position changing mechanism 100
Although the rotating mechanism is used for the above, a parallel moving mechanism or a mechanism for rotating and moving in another direction (for example, a direction perpendicular to the paper surface) may be used.

The curve detection mechanism 200 is a sound sensor 2 for detecting a rubbing sound generated by friction between the wheel 2 and the rail.
02 and a timer 201 for setting the time taken for the rail car to pass through a curve and detecting the elapse of that time. The sound sensor 202 sends a signal to the position changing mechanism 100 and the timer 201 when detecting that the rubbing sound generated when the vehicle passes through a curve becomes larger than a predetermined intensity.

When the position changing mechanism 100 receives the signal, the wheel lubricating portion 70 in a state where the carbon 10 is not in contact with the wheel 2 (normal position) is attached to the mounting support point 10 thereof.
1, the carbon 10 is moved to a position where the carbon 10 comes into contact with the wheel 2 (operating position), and the carbon 10 comes into contact with the wheel 2. When the timer 201 receives the signal sent from the sound sensor 202, the timer 201 detects the elapse of a predetermined time. In the rail truck for heavy cargo assumed in this embodiment, the moving route and speed are determined, and the distance of the curved portion included therein can be known in advance. Therefore, it is possible to calculate the time for passing the curve in advance and set the time in the timer 201.

When the timer 201 detects that the set time has elapsed, it sends a signal to the position changing mechanism 100. Upon receiving the signal, the position changing mechanism 100 rotates in the opposite direction, moves the wheel lubrication unit 70 to the normal position, and disconnects the contact between the carbon 10 and the wheel 2.

Before using this embodiment, the lubricant 1 was used.
The contact pressure when 0 is in contact (operating position) is adjusted by rotating the bolt 34 in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment so that a proper carbon film can be applied to the surface of the wheel 2. Further, the contact position of the carbon 10 on the surface of the wheel 2 is adjusted by changing the mounting position of the support arm 23 in the position changing mechanism 100.
Further, the time required for the rail car to pass through the curve is measured or calculated in advance, and the time is set in the timer 201. At the start of the movement of the rail carriage of the present embodiment, the wheel lubrication unit 70 of the wheel lubrication device 1 is set to a state (normal position) where the wheel 2 and the lubricant 10 are not in contact with each other.

When the rail truck moves and passes through the curved position of the rail, the wheel 10 is not yet coated with the lubricant 10. Therefore, when the wheel 2 slides on the rail, a scraping noise is generated. When the sound sensor 202 detects this rubbing sound, the wheel lubrication unit 70 is rotated by the position changing mechanism 100 according to the operation described above, and the lubricant 10 is moved from the normal position to the surface of the wheel 2 to a pre-adjusted position. The contact state (operating position) is brought about by the pressure adjusted in advance, and the lubricant 10 starts to be applied to the surface of the wheel 2. When the lubricant is applied to the surface of the wheel 2, a lubricating layer is formed between the wheel 2 and the rail, and the generation of rubbing noise stops. In addition, the preset timer 201 causes the wheel lubrication unit 70 to return to the normal position when the set time required for the rail carriage to pass through the curve has passed, and the contact between the lubricant 10 and the wheel 2 is cut off.

Through the series of operations described above, the lubricant 10 contacts the surface of the wheel 2 each time the rail carriage passes through a curve, forms a lubricating layer on the surface of the wheel 2, and prevents the generation of rubbing noise.
Moreover, the lubricant is used only when it goes through a curve, so that its wear can be minimized. Of course, when worn, the lubricant can be replaced, and because the material is carbon, it is inexpensive and easy to process, which is very economical.

When the distance from the starting point to each curve position is known in advance, instead of the sound sensor 202 and the timer 201, a range finder or a rotation number counter for measuring the rotation number of the wheel is used to measure the curve position at the curve position. The operation of the rotating mechanism 100 can be controlled.

Further, in this embodiment, the rotating mechanism such as the position changing mechanism 100 is used to displace the solid lubricant from the contact state to the non-contact state, but the holder position for holding the solid lubricant is changed. Alternatively, a mechanism that moves only the position of the solid lubricant retained therein can be used.

[0041]

[Effects of the Invention] When a rail travels on a curve, a solid lubricant is applied to a sliding portion between a rail and a wheel of a rail trolley to form a lubricating film, thereby reducing friction at the sliding portion. As a result, rubbing noises and vibration noises caused by sliding are prevented or reduced. Further, the formed lubricating film has almost no effect on the braking ability of the vehicle and does not impair safety.

[0042]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram of a vehicle wheel portion according to an embodiment of the present invention viewed from a side direction with respect to a rail.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of a wheel lubricating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a view of the mounted state of the wheel lubrication device according to the embodiment of the present invention as seen from the upper portion of the trolley.

FIG. 4A is a perspective view of a holder according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4B is a perspective view of a pressing pressure adjusting bolt according to the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a mounted state of a wheel lubrication device according to another embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from an upper portion of a bogie.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Wheel lubricator, 2 ... Wheel, 3 ... Rail, 4 ...
Wheel holding part, 5 ... Bogie body, 10 ... Carbon, 20
... Holder, 21 ... Lubricant holding part, 22 ... Spring mounting part, 23 ... Support arm, 24a ... Plate member, 24b ...
Corner member, 30 ... Pressure adjusting mechanism, 31 ... Spring mounting portion, 32 ... Nut, 33 ... Carbon pressing portion, 34 ... Bolt, 35 ... Pressure adjusting member, 40 ... Spring, 50 ... Contact position adjusting mechanism, 51 ... Slit, 5
2 ... Screw, 53 ... Nut, 60 ... Mounting bracket, 60a ... Base end part, 60b ... Screw, 61 ... Frame part, 62 ... Reinforcing plate, 70 ... Wheel lubrication part, 100 ...
Position change mechanism, 101 ... Rotation support part, 200 ... Curve detection mechanism, 201 ... Timer, 202 ... Sound sensor.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A trolley moving on a rail, comprising: a solid lubricant; and a lubricant pressing means for holding the solid lubricant and bringing the solid lubricant into contact with a wheel surface in contact with the rail. Characteristic rail trolley. 2. The pressurizing means according to claim 1, wherein the lubricant pressure contact means is constituted by a retaining means for retaining the lubricant and an elastic member, and brings the solid lubricant into contact with the wheel surface with a predetermined pressure. A rail carriage having a mechanism. 3. The rail carriage according to claim 2, further comprising adjusting means for adjusting the pressure applied by the pressurizing mechanism by changing the length of the elastic member. 4. The rail truck according to claim 1, wherein the solid lubricant is either carbon or graphite. 5. The position changing means for displacing the solid lubricant from a state in which the solid lubricant is in contact with a wheel surface to a non-contact state, and a curved portion of the rail is detected and the position is changed. A rail trolley, further comprising: a curve position detecting means for controlling the operation of the changing means to bring the solid lubricant into contact with the wheel at the curve position.