JPH0781502B2 - Shield machine - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a shield machine, more specifically, a reinforced concrete structure exists underground so that a new tunnel is excavated while sequentially removing existing buried pipes. The present invention relates to a shield excavator suitable for excavating natural ground while sequentially removing this subway reinforced concrete structure.

"Prior art" When excavating a tunnel with a conventional mechanical digging shield machine, if there is a reinforced structure underground, interrupt the mechanical digging at this site and let the operator work in front of the bulkhead of the skin plate. Or, go in front of the cutter disc and remove the rebar structure by hand digging.

Further, conventionally, as a cutting blade, a rotary cutter (also called a disc cutter) suitable for sequentially crushing hard ground such as rock to a predetermined depth is known.

Further, as another conventional example, there is a planet cutting method as a cutting method for shield machine, and there is a method using a milling cutting tooth that rotates planets as a cutter disk.

"Problems to be solved by the invention" However, under the condition that there is a continuous reinforcing bar structure underground, such as constructing a new buried pipe while deleting the existing buried pipe one by one like the recent renewal of sewer systems. New demands have arisen for excavating the ground, which cannot be excavated with conventional excavators and cutting blades.

That is, in order to excavate the ground under the above conditions with a conventional shield excavator, it is most reliable to use a rotary cutter for the cutting blade to excavate the concrete part which is the main constituent material of the reinforcing bar structure. Although it can be easily estimated that the rotary cutter is reliable, this rotary cutter cannot be expected to cut or crush a reinforcing bar or a steel frame having high toughness (hereinafter, simply referred to as a reinforcing bar).

Therefore, as a property of cutting teeth that is suitable for cutting rebars that are the most difficult to cut, a planet cutting method capable of high-speed rotation suitable for cutting rebars with hard cutting teeth has been tested. Although it was possible to cut, it was found that the wear of the cutting teeth was so severe that it could not be put to practical use.

That is, in this method, the whole ground to be dug is regarded as a tough structure consisting of only reinforcing bars, etc., and the moving speed of the cutting teeth is increased to cut thinly. The frequency of contact with rebar is very high,
It means that it wears faster.

It should be noted that the most common type of conventional cutter disk is a shield excavator that simply has protruding and fixed cutting teeth called a tooth cutter, or a shield excavator that has the above-mentioned roller cutter makes it impossible to overcome such a situation. When digging into, the concrete part of the reinforced structure can be cut or crushed to cut, but the reinforcing bar bends so as to entangle with the cutting teeth or accumulates in front of the cutter disc, and it is necessary to periodically remove this manually. It is well known in the art that digging is impossible and a slipping-out device is blocked.

"Purpose" Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above, when the reinforced structure is crushed by a relatively slow conventionally known rotary cutter, the concrete part is sequentially crushed to a predetermined depth, and the reinforcing bars and the like project from the cutting surface of the concrete. Remains, and when the rotary cutter passes through the cutting surface with protruding reinforcing bars,
Focusing on the fact that the rebar is bent so that it is crushed or pushed in and the rotary cutter passes over it, the rotary cutter that crushes concrete into one cutter disk and the rebar that protrudes on the cutting surface are thinly and finely cut The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shield excavator for machine digging in which both fast-moving cutting teeth are provided together and the cutting teeth are allotted so that the cutting teeth are less worn and can continuously and reliably cut the rebar structure. It was done.

[Means for Solving Problems] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the structure of the present invention, which has the above-mentioned claims as its gist, meets the above-mentioned object, and the front end of the skin plate 1 of the shield machine main body A. Drive source 2
A cutter disk 3 which rotates by means of the above, a propulsion jack 5 is provided in the rear part of the skin plate 1, and
In a shield machine having a rotary cutter 31 for crushing the ground protruding from the front surface 3c of the cutter disk 3, an empty portion 3d at an eccentric position of the front surface 3c of the cutter disk 3 is provided.
Is provided with a slicing cutting machine 33 that is rotated by a milling drive source 34 that is fixed to the cutter disk 3 as an integral part. The tip of the cutting tooth 33a of the milling cutting machine 33 is provided on the ground crushing rotary cutter 31. This is a technical measure that is characterized in that it is positioned rearward within the diameter of the reinforcing bar of the reinforced concrete structure to be excavated together with the ground from the tooth tip.

"Operation" Therefore, when the shield excavator of the present invention excavates to the place where the reinforcing bar structure is buried, first, the most forwardly protruding rotary cutter 31 for natural ground collapse collapses the natural ground.

The above-mentioned rotary cutter 31 for crushing the ground is pressed against the surface of the reinforcing bar structure by the pressing force of the propulsion jack, and when the cutter disk 3 is rotated, the cutter disk 3 is rotated by itself and is rotated by the rotation of the cutter disk 3 to rotate the concrete portion. Crush to a specified depth.

Then, when the excavation progresses to the time when the reinforcing bars and the like start to be exposed on the surface, the concrete part is crushed to a certain depth next, and as shown in FIG. 3, the reinforcing bar part T1 ″ corresponds to the cut concrete part T1 ′. It will remain protruding on the surface.

Next, when the shield machine is pushed forward by the propulsion jack to further excavate the cutting surface where the reinforcing bar portion T1 ″ projects, the ground crushing rotary cutter 31 is further provided with a predetermined portion of the concrete section T1 ′ of the reinforcing bar structure. It collapses to the depth,
At the protruding reinforcing bar portion T1 ″, it bends so as to be crushed or pushed locally and passes over it.

And in the above state, the rotary cutter for crushing the ground
Since the cutting edge of the milling machine 33 located behind 31 comes into contact with the protruding rebar T1 ″, this milling machine 33
The protruding reinforcing bar portion T1 ″ is finely cut by this, and such an action is continued, and excavation is performed while sequentially removing the reinforcing bar structure.

[Embodiment] The embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

The example shown is used to excavate underground while removing existing buried pipes such as sewers from the downstream side to the upstream side, and to construct a new buried pipe in the newly excavated tunnel. , T1 is an existing buried pipe, and T2 is a new buried pipe constructed in a tunnel excavated by the shield machine of the present invention.

Further, in the figure, A is a shield machine main body, B is housed in an existing buried pipe T1 in front of the shield machine main body A, and is pushed forward in the existing buried pipe T1 as the shield machine main body A is advanced. This is the preceding partition body.

At the front end portion of the skin plate 1 of the shield machine main body A, the cutter disk 3 rotated by the drive source 2
In the rear part of this skin plate 1
Is provided, and a rotary cutter 31 for rock crushing is provided on the front surface 3c of the cutter disk 3 in the same manner as in the conventional shield machine.

That is, the shield machine main body A forms a new buried pipe T2 by assembling segments in the rear part of the skin plate 1 and extends the propulsion jack 5 by extending the propulsion jack 5 using the new buried pipe T2 as a reaction force. While excavating by rotating the cutter disk 3 while obtaining, the shield excavator body A
When the vehicle has dug a predetermined distance, the propulsion jack 5 is returned, a new segment is assembled between the propulsion jack 5 and the new buried pipe T2 formed in the previous step, and the new buried pipe T2 is extended. It repeats.

In the illustrated embodiment, the cutter disk 3 is
Supports the outer circumference of the cutter disc drum 3a,
A so-called peripheral support system (more precisely, a mixed system with a central support system in which a central shaft 6 is rotatably supported by a bearing 7 fixed to a central portion of a partition wall 4) is used. An internal gear 8 is fixed behind the cutter disk 3 via a cutter disk drum 3a, and a drive source 2 is fixed in the skin plate 1 (a plurality of drive sources 2 are usually fixed).
The pinion 9 arranged on the drive shaft of the drive source 2 is made to mesh with the internal gear 8 so that the internal gear 8 and the cutter disk 3 are rotated by the drive source 2. The method of supporting the cutter disk 3, the method of driving the cutter disk 3, and whether or not the partition disk 4 is a closed method are not limited to the illustrated examples, and other conventionally known methods may be used. May be.

Further, as the rotary cutter 31 for rock crushing used in the present invention, a conventionally known one is used, and the rotary cutter 31 for rock crush is a front portion 3c of the cutter disk 3.
Blades 31b, 31b, 31b, ... Are rotatably mounted on a bearing shaft 31a that is substantially parallel to and is oriented in the radial direction of the cutter disk 3. Needless to say, the tip of the rotary cutter 31 for crushing the natural ground is formed so as to project to the front surface portion 3c of the cutter disk 3.

The shield machine according to the present invention is provided with a milling machine 33, which is rotated by a milling drive source 34 fixed to an integral part of the cutter disk 3, in an empty portion 3d at an eccentric position of the front surface 3c of the cutter disk 3. is there.

The above-mentioned part integrated with the cutter disk 3 is an inner surface part of the cutter disk drum 3a in the illustrated example, and the milling drive source 34 is attached to the cutter disk drum 3a.
In addition, the milling machine is attached to the back surface of the central shaft 6 and the front surface part 3c (this front surface part 3c can be a radial arm shape as shown in the figure, or a plate shape). The drive source 34 may be fixed.

The tip of the cutting tooth 33a of the milling machine 33 is located rearward of the tip of the rotary cutter 31 for rock crushing in a size within the diameter of the rebar of the reinforced concrete structure to be excavated together with the rock. This milling machine 33
The distance between the tip of the cutting tooth 33a and the tip of the rotary crushing cutter 31 is indicated by reference character L in FIG. 3, but if this distance is set too large, the reinforcing bar T1 ″ will be completely removed from the concrete part. After protruding from T1 ', it will be cut by the milling machine 33. In this state, the reinforcing bar portion T1 "is separated from the concrete portion T1' and it is difficult to cut, so it should not be larger than the reinforcing bar diameter. It is desirable to do so. On the contrary, if the distance L is set too small, the surface of the concrete part T1 'is not smooth, so the milling machine
The frequency of contact between the 33 and the concrete part T1 ′ is increased, the wear of the milling machine 33 is increased, and further, the pressing of the milling machine 33 and the protruding rebar part T1 ′ causes the crushing of the rotary cutter 31 for crushing the ground. Since the force is restricted to a small amount, it was most effective to set it to 3 mm or more in the result of the experiment.

In the present embodiment, the cylinder 10 is disposed so as to penetrate through the central portion of the cutter disk 3, and the tip of the cylinder 10 is housed in the existing buried pipe T1 and the shield excavator main body A is excavated. Accordingly, the preceding partition wall body B, which is pushed into the existing buried pipe T1, is connected via the rotary joint 53.

The preceding partition wall body B is formed in a cross-sectional shape that is slightly smaller than the cross-sectional shape of the existing buried pipe T1, and packing 52,5 for sealing the gap with the existing buried pipe T1 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the preceding partition wall body B.
2,52 ... are attached. The packing 52 surely blocks sewage and the like flowing in the existing buried pipe T1, and the preceding partition wall B is pushed by the cylinder body 10 by the excavation of the shield machine main body A to push the inside of the existing buried pipe T1. It is set to the strength that can be.

The connecting portion between the preceding partition wall body B and the cylindrical body 10 is a cylindrical body.
The preceding partition wall body B is connected through a rotary joint 53 so that it does not rotate even if 10 rotates.

The preceding partition wall B is provided with a communication hole 51 that connects the cylinder 10 and the front side of the preceding partition wall B. That is, the preceding partition wall body B partitions the existing buried pipe T1, but is communicated with the cylindrical body 10 through the communication hole 51.
If the communication hole 51 penetrates the preceding partition wall body B, the tip of the cylinder body 10 may penetrate the preceding partition wall body B. In this case, the rotary joint 53 forms the cylindrical body body 10. Or the inner peripheral surface of the communication hole 51 of the preceding partition wall B, or
It suffices to insert a horizontal rotary cylinder that rotates in an airtight manner into the preceding partition wall body B and insert the tip end of the cylinder body 10 into the horizontal rotary cylinder.

Further, the rear end of the cylindrical body 10 penetrates the partition wall 4 and communicates with the inside of a new buried pipe T2 constructed at a rear portion of the partition wall 4.

The cylindrical body 10 may be fixedly arranged on the cutter disk 3 or the partition wall 4, but in the illustrated embodiment, the cylindrical body 10 also serves as the drive shaft of the screw conveyor 11 for slip conveyance. ing. Therefore, first, the cylinder 12 of the screw conveyor 11 is fixed through the partition wall 4,
The cylinder 10 is concentrically housed in the cylinder 12, and the cylinder 10 is rotated by a conveyor drive source 13 fixed to the cylinder 12. The tip of the cylinder 12 penetrates through the partition wall 4 and is then inserted into the central axis 6 of the cutter disk 3 to open at the rear portion of the cutter disk 3. That is, the central shaft 6 of the cutter disk 3 is formed in a tubular shape, and the outer peripheral surface thereof is supported by the inner peripheral surface of the bearing 7.

A slit inlet 6a is opened in a part of the central shaft 6, and the slit excavated by the cutter disk 3 (including the muscle material cut by the milling cutter 33) is the inlet.
It enters into the central shaft 6 from 6a, passes through the inside of the cylinder 12, and is discharged by the screw conveyor 11.
In this example, an earth pressure type shield (actually, an earth pressure type limited mud shield is used, but other earth pressure type shields may be used). It is discharged by the screw conveyor 11 together with the mud sent under pressure into the front chamber of the partition wall 4. The discharge port 14 provided at the rear end of the cylinder 12 of the screw conveyor 11
A soil discharge adjusting device 15 is provided in the container so that the amount of mud pumped and the amount of discharge from the soil discharging adjuster 15 are adjusted so that the front side of the partition wall 4 maintains a constant pressure and protects the ground. Yes.

Further, the cylindrical body 10 (screw conveyor 11) may be fixed to the cutter disk 3 and rotated by the rotation of the cutter disk 3, that is, by the drive source 2. However, the cutter disk 3 depends on the nature of the ground. The rotation speed and the rotation direction may be changed, while the screw conveyor 11 also needs to adjust the rotation speed and the slip-out amount separately depending on the nature of the ground, so this screw conveyor 11 is a separate conveyor drive source. It is desirable to rotate by 13 and in this embodiment, when the tip of the cylindrical body 10 penetrates the cutter disk 3, it has play so as to penetrate the cutter disk 3.

Further, the rear end of the tubular body 10 may be passed through the partition wall 4 and then appropriately guided to the downstream side (the side opposite to the excavation direction) with a drainage pipe and discharged. A rear end of the body 10 is protruded from the rear end of the cylinder 12 while keeping airtightness, and a drain pipe 17 is connected through a rotary joint 16. In addition, it is desirable that a drainage pump (not shown) be interposed in the middle of the drainage pipe 17 so that the amount of drainage can be adjusted.

A hydraulic motor is used as the milling drive source 34 in this embodiment, and the oil feed pipe 35 and the drain oil pipe 36 to the milling drive source 34 are connected to the flow paths 35a and 36a embedded in the central shaft 6, respectively. One end of each of the flow paths 35a, 36a is opened toward the inner surface of the bearing 7, and the inner surface of the bearing 7 has both the flow paths 35a, 36a.
From each opening of 36a, groove-shaped flow paths 35b, 36b communicating with the oil filling port 35c provided on the outer surface of the bearing 7 and the oil drainage port 36c are provided, and the oil filling port 35c and the oil drainage port 36c which are fixed parts, It is connected to a milling drive source 34 which is a rotating part.

In the figure, 54 is a wall protection shoe, b is a bearing, and p
Indicates packing, and P1 indicates tail seal.

[Advantages of the Invention] Since the shield machine of the present invention has the rotary cutter 31 for rock mass crushing the concrete part T1 ′ and the milling cutter 33 for cutting the reinforcing bar part T1 ″ as described above. , This concrete part T1 'is crushed by the rotary cutter 31 for ground crushing, and the rebar part T1 ″ is crushed by the milling machine 33, providing a shield machine that continuously removes the continuous rebar structure by this share. Is what you can do.

Further, according to the present invention, since the above-mentioned rock cutter 31 for rock crushing is arranged on the cutter disk 3 to rotate together with the cutter disk 3 as in the conventional case, this movement is relatively slow, and the concrete portion T1 ' Suitable for crushing, the milling machine 33 is the front part 3c of the cutter disk 3.
Since it is arranged in the vacant portion 3d at the eccentric position, it rotates the planet and rotates the milling machine 33 and the cutter disk 3.
It is suitable for cutting the rebar T1 ″ that moves relatively quickly by combining the rotation of the above, and both can provide a shield machine that efficiently crushes and cuts the ground.

Furthermore, the most important effect of the present invention is that the tooth tips of the cutting teeth 33a of the milling cutter 33 are located rearward of the tooth tips of the ground crushing rotary cutter 31, so that first,
Since the concrete part T1 ′ is crushed to a predetermined depth by the rotary cutter 31 for rock crushing and the reinforcing bar part T1 ″ protruding on the surface of this concrete part T1 ′ is cut by the milling machine 33, this milling machine 33 Since only the rebar portion T1 ″ comes into contact for cutting, it is possible to provide the shield machine in which the wear is most effectively prevented.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the shield machine of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a right half front view of a cutter disk used in the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a cutting portion for explaining a cutting action. Is. A ~ shield machine body, 1 skin plate, 2 drive source, 3 cutter disk, 3c ~ front part, 3d ~ empty part,
5 ~ Propulsion jack, 31 ~ Rotary cutter for natural ground collapse,
33 ~ Milling machine, 33a ~ Cutting teeth, 34 ~ Milling drive source

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yasushi Kuwahara 3072 Okami, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa Nishimatsu Construction Hiratsuka Dormitory (56) References JP-A-60-112995 (JP, A) JP-A-63-32092 (JP, A) ) Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 54-39914 (JP, A) Actually developed 51-2024 (JP, U)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A skin plate 1 of a shield machine main body A.
A cutter disk 3 which is rotated by a drive source 2 is provided at a front end portion of the skin plate 1, a propulsion jack 5 is provided in a rear portion of the skin plate 1, and a front surface portion of the cutter disk 3 is provided.
In a shield machine having a rotary cutter 31 for crushing the ground protruding from 3c, an empty portion 3d at the eccentric position of the front surface portion 3c of the cutter disk 3 is provided.
Is provided with a milling cutting machine 33 that is rotated by a milling drive source 34 fixed to the cutter disk 3 in an integral part, and the tooth tips of the cutting teeth 33a of the milling cutting machine 33 are provided on the ground crushing rotary cutter 31. A shield excavator characterized by being positioned rearward within the diameter of the reinforcing bar of a reinforced concrete structure to be excavated together with the ground from the tooth tip.