JPH0791278A - Gas turbine device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To maintain the output of a genrator high even when the outside air temperature is high by arranging a liquid air injecting means in front of an air compressor when air compressed by the air compressor is burnt together with fuel, and when the generator is driven by rotating a turbine by combustion gas. CONSTITUTION:Liquid air is transported from a storage tank 8 by a booster pump 11 through a valve 10 and injected from an injection nozzle 6 to an air intake port 7 of a gas turbine device 1. The injection nozzle 6 is formed by uniformly dispersing and boring a plurality of opening holes on a pipe wall of a transport pipe 12 connected to the booster pump 11. On the other hand, outside air is taken in from the air intake port 7 and mixed with liquid air to be uniformly injected from the injection nozzle 6, and the liquid air is instantaneously vaporized, and its temperature is raised and then lowered. And low- temperature and high-density mixed air is pressurized by an air compresor 2 and burnt together with fuel such as natural gas by a combustor 4, after that, electricity is generated by a generator 5 by operating a turbine 3 by means of this combustion gas.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power generation method using a gas turbine that inhales and operates air in the atmosphere and a gas turbine used in the method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a gas turbine used for conventional power generation.

In FIG. 3, the air taken in from the air intake 7 is compressed by the air compressor 2, burned in the combustor 4 together with fuel such as methanol or LNG, and the generator 5 is operated through the rotation of the turbine 3. Let

[0004]

Generally, it is said that the peak of the power demand is in the afternoon in the summer, and the power generation equipment of each power company must have the ability to cover the power demand in the summer. .

However, the higher the temperature of the air at the air intake 7, the lower the output of the gas turbine, but during the afternoon of summer when the peak of this essential power demand is,
The outside air temperature tends to reach a peak, and the temperature of the air intake 7 often exceeds 30 ° C. in some cases, so that the gas turbine must be used in a state in which the capacity of the gas turbine is significantly reduced.

Therefore, it is necessary to install a large-capacity gas turbine by that amount, and a method for further improving efficiency has been sought from the economical point of view.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the conventional method, and by adding a simple improvement to the conventional apparatus to the extent that it does not affect the flow and combustion reaction, even at high temperature in summer. An object of the present invention is to provide a gas turbine device that does not deteriorate in capacity.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, liquid air is used as intake air for the air compressor of a gas turbine apparatus in which air compressed by an air compressor burns together with fuel in a combustor to rotate a turbine. This is based on the finding that the above objects can be achieved by mixing.

That is, according to the present invention, a combustor is provided between the turbine and the air compressor sharing the power axis of the generator.
In a gas turbine device for generating electric power by rotating the turbine by rotating the turbine with the air compressed by the air compressor burning with the fuel in the combustor, a liquid air injection means provided in front of the air compressor. The gas turbine device is provided with liquid air supply means for supplying liquid air to the liquid air injection means.

Further, in the present invention, a liquid tank and a pressure increasing means are provided as the liquid air supplying means of the above means, and
It is desirable to provide a plurality of injection nozzles as the liquid air injecting means. More specifically, a liquid air transportation pipe is provided circumferentially on the inner wall of the air inlet of the air compressor, and a plurality of holes are formed in the pipe wall of the transportation pipe. Is preferably provided as an injection nozzle.

Further, the above gas turbine apparatus is further provided with a boiler provided on the downstream side of the turbine of the gas turbine apparatus, and a steam turbine driven by steam heated by the boiler. More preferably, it is a combined cycle of a steam turbine.

The liquid air referred to in the present invention is not strictly limited to one having an oxygen / nitrogen ratio of 1: 4, and the ratio may be appropriately changed within the range in which the object of the present invention can be achieved. It may be something.

[0013]

In the gas turbine apparatus of the present invention, the liquid air supplied from the liquid air supply means is injected into the air intake of the air compressor by the liquid air injection means to mix with the gaseous air taken from the outside air. The temperature of the liquid air
With the vaporization, the temperature of the gas air from the outside air is also lowered,
Supply cold air to the air compressor. This low temperature, high density air is compressed and sent to the combustor, where it burns with fuel,
The turbine is rotated, which in turn rotates the generator to obtain electrical power. Even when the outside air temperature is high, the intake air temperature at the inlet of the air compressor is low enough to maintain a high generator output.

Further, the refrigerant is liquid air, which does not affect the composition of the intake air even after being mixed with the intake air and vaporized.
No changes are made to the combustion conditions of the combustor.

Therefore, even if the conventional gas turbine device is not completely remodeled, the peak demand for electric power in summer can be achieved by a simple repair work such as adding liquid air injection means near the air intake of the air compressor. The power generation efficiency in the time zone can be maintained high.

The liquid air supply means may be any means as long as it can supply liquid air.
It can be said that the most realistic means is to supply the stored liquid air to the liquid air tank. Also, at that time, there is no way to install the liquid air tank at a position higher than the air compressor to give a flow velocity to the liquid air and inject the liquid air by negative pressure at the inlet of the air compressor, but there is no way to pump it, It is more realistic to pressurize the liquid air with the pressure increasing means. As the liquid air ejecting means, any device can be used as long as it can inject liquid air. However, if a plurality of nozzles are dispersed uniformly to some extent to disperse the injection of liquid air, mixing with the outside air is further promoted.

Further, a so-called combined cycle is provided in which a boiler is provided on the downstream side of the turbine of the gas turbine apparatus, the boiler is heated by the combustion gas of the gas turbine, and the steam generated in the boiler drives the steam turbine. As a result, it becomes possible to further improve the power generation efficiency.

[0018]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a gas turbine system according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 8 is a liquid air storage tank for storing liquid air that has been generated in advance.
Reference numeral 10 is a valve that controls the flow of liquid air, and 11 is a booster pump that pumps the liquid air to the liquid air injector 6.
The vapor storage tank 8, the valve 10 and the booster pump correspond to specific examples of the liquid air supply means of the present invention.

The liquid air supplied from the storage tank 8 through the valve 10 and the booster pump is transported to the injection nozzle 6 provided in the air intake 7 of the gas turbine apparatus 1 and injected into the air intake 7. The jet nozzle 6 corresponds to a specific example of the liquid air jetting means of the present invention, and a transport pipe 12 for the liquid air from the booster pump 11 is circumferentially provided along the inner wall of the air intake 7, and the pipe of the transport pipe 12 is provided. The wall is provided with a large number of openings, which are oriented toward the outside airflow of the air intake 7, and are uniformly dispersed.

The outside air sucked from the air intake 7 is mixed with the liquid air uniformly jetted from the jet nozzle 6, and the mixed liquid air instantaneously vaporizes and rises in temperature. Head to the air compressor 2 while lowering the temperature to the rated temperature.

The air compressed by the air compressor 2 is combusted in the combustor 4 together with a fuel such as natural gas, and the combustion gas drives the turbine 3 to generate electricity in the generator 5.

FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the compressor inlet temperature of the gas turbine system and the generator end output. According to this figure, it is about 12.5 MW at the rated temperature of 15 ° C., while it is about 11.5 MW at 30 ° C. like the outside air in midsummer.
Therefore, the power generation efficiency is reduced by about 10%.

Here, if liquid air at minus 194 ° C. (having a nitrogen to oxygen ratio of 4: 1 of liquefied natural air) is injected and mixed with the outside air to reach 15 ° C., the enthalpy difference is 99 kcal. / Kg. On the other hand, since the specific heat of air at the outside temperature is 0.24 cal / gk,
By blowing in 1 g of liquid air, 27.5 g of air at 30 ° C., that is, 27.5 times as much air as liquid air
It means that it becomes possible to cool to 5 ° C.

This cooling capacity will be compared with that using water as a refrigerant. The most cooling water is 0
Is water at a temperature of 0 ° C., which has an enthalpy difference of only 15 kcal / kg when the ambient air is cooled and the temperature is raised to 15 ° C. Therefore, when liquid air is used as in this embodiment, the cooling capacity is 6.6 times that of water.

Further, when water is used as the refrigerant, the air compressor 2
Moisture used as a refrigerant is contained as it is in the air that is pressurized by the air, and if it enters the combustor 4 as it is, it may affect the original combustion conditions or lead to oxidation of the device itself. . On the other hand, when liquid air is used as the refrigerant as in this embodiment, the liquid air simply changes to gaseous air even after being mixed with the intake air and vaporized, and there is no change in the composition of the intake air. It does not bring about qualitative effects on combustion conditions.

Therefore, no change is required in the structure of the gas turbine between the time when the liquid air is blown in and the normal operation when the liquid air is not blown in, so that the air intake port 7 is the same as in the present embodiment. The power generation output of the gas turbine device at the peak of summer power demand is about 10% only by carrying out a simple modification work such as adding a transportation pipe 12 having an opening 6 for injecting liquid air to the inner circumference of Can be improved.

It is not unthinkable to provide an air heat exchanger at the air intake for the same purpose as in the present invention, whereas the heat exchanger causes a fluid resistance of the intake air. However, if the structure is such that the liquid-air transport pipe 12 and the injection nozzle 6 (opening) are circumferentially provided along the inner wall of the air intake port 7 as in the present embodiment, the resistance of the intake air is hardly achieved. Moreover, it is excellent in that there is no heat exchange loss by directly blowing liquid air without using a heat exchanger.

Further, in this embodiment, since the temperature of the mixed air with the outside air changes depending on the mixed amount of the liquid air, as shown in FIG. 2, the output of the generator can be arbitrarily controlled by controlling the injection amount of the liquid air. It can be controlled, and the generator end output can be adjusted to meet the change in power demand during peak hours.

Although the above embodiment has been described by taking a single gas turbine device as an example, a so-called combined cycle in which a boiler and a steam turbine driven by steam from the boiler are provided downstream of the combustor of the gas turbine device. It is needless to say that it may be applied to a mold type power generator to have higher efficiency.

[0030]

As described above, according to the present invention, the power generation amount at the peak power demand in summer can be improved by about 10% by the simple repair work of the conventional gas turbine device.

Moreover, the increase in output can be arbitrarily adjusted by the amount of liquid air to be jetted, and flexible power generation corresponding to the change over time in the power demand during peak hours can be realized.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a gas turbine device according to a first embodiment of the present invention and device.

FIG. 2 is a relationship diagram between a compressor inlet temperature and a generator end output.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a conventional gas turbine device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Gas Turbine Device 2 Air Compressor 3 Turbine 4 Combustor 5 Generator 6 Injection Nozzle 7 Air Intake 8 Liquid Air Storage Tank 10 Valve 11 Booster Pump

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A combustor is provided between an air compressor that shares a power shaft of a generator and a turbine, and the air compressed by the air compressor burns with fuel in the combustor to rotate the turbine. A gas turbine device for rotating a generator to generate electric power, the gas turbine device comprising liquid air injecting means provided in front of an air compressor, and liquid air means for supplying liquid air to the liquid air injecting means. . 2. The gas turbine device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid air supply means includes a liquid air tank and a pressure increasing means. 3. The gas turbine device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of injection nozzles are provided as the liquid air injection means. 4. A liquid-air jetting means is provided with a liquid-air transport pipe circumferentially along the inner wall of an air intake of an air compressor, and a plurality of holes are provided in the pipe wall of the transport pipe to provide an injection nozzle. The gas turbine device according to claim 3, wherein 5. A gas turbine apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, a boiler provided on a downstream side of a turbine of the gas turbine apparatus, and a steam turbine driven by steam heated by the boiler. A combined cycle type power generator characterized by being equipped. 6. A gas characterized in that liquid air is mixed with intake air of the air compressor of a gas turbine apparatus in which air compressed by an air compressor burns with fuel in a combustor and rotates a turbine. Usage of turbine equipment.