JPH079191B2 - Deodorant equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial field of application> The present invention relates to a deodorizing facility for organically combining sewage treatment and power generation so as to deodorize a bad odor generated from a sewage treatment facility.

<Prior art> From the human waste guided to the sewage treatment tank and the domestic wastewater, putrid odor,
A large number of malodorous gases that cause an ammonia odor and the like are generated and released into the atmosphere. For this reason, sewage treatment facilities are generally constructed in the suburbs away from residential areas and downtown areas in consideration of residents' feelings. However, in this case, the sewer pipe for guiding human waste and domestic wastewater from the residential area to the sewage treatment facility becomes long and has a large diameter, and a great deal of labor is required for its construction work.

On the other hand, the recent development of sewage treatment technology has made it possible to make sewage meet environmental standards in sewage treatment facilities. Therefore, if it is possible to deodorize the gas that causes the bad odor, not only will the sewage treatment facility be built in a residential area, it will not worsen the residents' feelings, but also the sewer pipe will be shortened and the construction work will be easier. Becomes Conventionally, in order to deodorize such malodorous gas, after performing acid cleaning and alkali cleaning, the residual components are adsorbed on activated carbon, or the malodorous gas is introduced into the soil to be adsorbed to the soil and the microorganisms that survive in the soil. It is done by carrying out disassembly.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, none of the conventional methods can completely deodorize a large amount of malodorous gas generated from a wastewater treatment facility, and the operation is troublesome.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a deodorizing facility that can deodorize a malodorous gas generated from a wastewater treatment facility with a simple structure.

<Means and Actions for Solving Problems> To achieve the above object, the present invention detects the concentration of malodorous gas from a sewage treatment tank and supplies it to a gas turbine generator according to the concentration of malodorous gas. It is the one. That is, in the deodorizing equipment according to the present invention, the sewage treatment tank is isolated from the surroundings, and the inside of the treatment chamber is adjusted to a negative pressure, and the air in the treatment chamber is supplied as fuel combustion air through the supply passage. A gas turbine generator, a chimney that discharges exhaust gas from the gas turbine generator, a deodorizer that is disposed in the supply passage and removes a malodorous gas generated from a sewage treatment tank, and a malodor that is disposed in the supply passage. A gas detector for detecting the concentration of gas, and a switching means for switching the supply of air in the processing chamber between the gas turbine generator and the chimney according to a measurement value from the gas detector. There is.

The present invention supplies a malodorous gas generated from a sewage treatment tank to a gas turbine generator as air for fuel combustion.
A gas turbine generator is generally configured by incorporating a power generator into a jet engine that serves as a drive source for aircraft, ships, and the like. This gas turbine generator can burn fuel at a high temperature of 800 ° C or higher. On the other hand, the gas generated from the sewage treatment tank contains a malodorous gas such as hydrogen sulfide, various phenols, mercaptan and ammonia. These malodorous gases maintain a stable state without being decomposed, oxidized or reduced at around 700 ° C, and even if supplied as combustion air for general incinerators or diesel engines, the malodorous substances can be removed. Can not. However, when supplied as combustion air for a jet engine (gas turbine generator) that emits high heat of 800 ° C or higher, it is decomposed to a single element or a state close to this when exposed to high temperature, It can be deodorized. Further, since it is indispensable to supply a large amount of combustion air to drive the gas turbine generator, even if a large amount of malodorous gas is generated from the sewage treatment tank, all of them can be deodorized. When the amount of malodorous gas generated from such a sewage treatment tank is small, it does not deteriorate the surrounding atmospheric environment. Therefore, in the present invention, the concentration of malodorous gas is detected, and according to the detected value, it is directly discharged into the atmosphere. Or switching the supply to the gas turbine generator. As a result, the gas turbine generator does not always come into contact with the malodorous gas, and the erosion due to the malodorous gas can be suppressed. Furthermore, the electric power generated by driving the gas turbine generator can be supplied to various facilities such as nearby residential areas, gymnasiums, and movie theaters. Therefore, for example, if a sewage treatment facility is installed in the basement of a building and a gas turbine generator is installed in the same building, purification of sewage, deodorization of odorous gas, and power generation can be performed simultaneously. As a result, sewage treatment facilities can be installed in residential areas, downtowns, etc.

<Example> Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of an underground portion thereof, FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a power generation system, and FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a gas detection portion. As shown in Fig. 1, the building 1 was built in a residential area or a downtown area,
It constitutes various facilities such as a gymnasium, movie theater, and theater.
The building 1 is composed of an above-ground portion and an underground portion, the above-mentioned various facilities are provided above the ground portion, and a treatment room 2 for treating wastewater and a power generation room 3 for generating electricity are provided in the underground portion. The treatment room 2 treats human waste, domestic wastewater, etc. discharged from the surrounding residential areas and downtown areas so as to meet environmental standards, and is provided with various sewage treatment tanks. This sewage treatment tank is, as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a sand settling tank 4, an aeration tank.
5, settling tank 6, nitrification tank 7, denitrification tank 8, coagulating sedimentation tank 9, and further flow rate adjusting tank, degassing tank, disinfection tank (all not shown)
Are properly connected in the middle. The sand settling tank 4 removes foreign matters such as soil, sand and paper in the wastewater flowing from the introduction pipe 10, and the aeration tank 5 performs aeration to settle sludge in the settling tank 6 following the aeration tank 5. The nitrification tank 7 mainly oxidizes and decomposes ammonia, and the denitrification tank 8 reduces and removes nitric oxide.
By these, the BOD, COD, SS of the sewage are reduced and the phosphorus compounds and nitrogen compounds are decomposed, and the sewage that conforms to the environmental standard value is discharged from the discharge pipe 11 to the river or the like through the coagulating sedimentation tank 9. It should be noted that such a series of sewage treatment tanks is arranged in a plurality of rows in the treatment chamber 2 so that it can be adapted even if the amount of sewage is large. The processing chamber 2 is separated from the above-ground portion, the power generation chamber, and other rooms by a concrete wall and a door, and the inside is maintained at a negative pressure.
This negative pressure condition is maintained by the fan 12 in this embodiment. That is, an air supply duct 13 and an intake duct 14 are arranged in the processing chamber 2 so as to face each other above the wastewater treatment tank, and the fan 12 is attached to the intake duct 14. Therefore, when the fan 12 is driven, the inside of the processing chamber 2 is depressurized by the intake duct 14, and the outside air flows in from the air supply duct 13, but this exhaust amount and the inflow amount are adjusted by the valves 15 and 16 to make it negative. A pressure state is obtained. By isolating the processing chamber 2 from the other rooms of the building 1 and maintaining the negative pressure in the processing chamber 2 in this way, the air in the processing chamber 2 leaks from other parts except the intake duct 14. In addition, since the outside air flows in only one way even if the door of the treatment room 2 is opened, the offensive odor generated from the sewage treatment tank does not leak to the outside, especially various facilities on the ground, and gives an unpleasant feeling. Disappears.

Here, the intake duct 14 is connected to a gas turbine generator 17, which will be described later, and as described later, the air in the processing chamber 2, that is, the malodorous gas generated from the sewage treatment tanks 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9. Is a supply path for supplying air containing air as fuel combustion air to the gas turbine generator 17.

The power generation chamber 3 is separated by a concrete wall like the processing chamber 2, and a gas turbine generator 17 is provided inside the power generation chamber 3 for various equipment such as lighting fixtures and air conditioners of various facilities provided on the ground. It is designed to supply electricity. This gas turbine generator 17 burns at a high temperature of 800 ° C or higher, and uses this high temperature to eliminate odors and effectively use thermal energy.
17 electric power is supplied to the building 1. First, in order to eliminate the bad smell, the air in the processing chamber 2 is sucked into the intake duct (supply path).
It is carried out by guiding the gas from 14 to the gas turbine generator 17 and supplying it as air for fuel combustion. Further, effective use of thermal energy is carried out by guiding the exhaust gas from the gas turbine generator 17 to the heat exchanger 18. Here, the gas turbine generator 17 generates noise when it is driven, but since this noise is a high frequency sound wave generated from the high speed rotation of the gas turbine generator 17, it is easily absorbed by the surrounding concrete wall. It doesn't spread outside. Therefore, building 1
No noise will reach each facility and noise will not occur.

Further, the electric power generated by the gas turbine generator 17 is supplied as a power source for electric appliances in the building 1. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, each building 41 has a hall 41 corresponding to its purpose, such as a gymnasium, a movie theater, a theater hall, and other facilities. A lighting device 42 such as an electric lamp, a partition wall of a hall, a motor 43 which is a drive source of a moving bleacher, or an electric device such as a fan 44 for adjusting air in the hall, cooling and heating, and the like are provided. The building 1 is provided with wiring 45 for connecting these electric appliances 42, 43, 44 and the gas turbine generator 17 to each electric appliance.
42, 43, 44 are connected to the gas turbine generator 17 individually or via a distribution board 46. Therefore, since the electric power can be supplied to these electric appliances 42, 43, and 44 by driving the gas turbine generator 17, the external commercial electric power supplied from the power plant only needs to make up for the shortage, and the operation of the building 1 can be performed. It can be cheap. Further, in the case of a power failure, the gas turbine generator 17 can supply the minimum necessary amount of power, so that the safety of facilities such as a hospital can be ensured. Further, as will be described later, since the malodorous gas generated in the processing chamber 2 is deodorized by driving the gas turbine generator 17, power generation and deodorization can be performed simultaneously and efficiently.

Deodorization of such malodorous gas is performed by connecting the intake duct 14 serving as a supply path to the gas turbine generator 17, but the gas is provided on the downstream side of the intake duct 14, near the fan 12 in this embodiment. A detector 50 and a deodorizer 48 are provided. The deodorizer 48 is configured by filling the frame with activated carbon powder, reactive metal powder, and the like. That is, the air containing the malodorous gas in the processing chamber 2 is first guided to the adsorbing means 48 and adsorbs some or all of the malodorous components. Here, the activated carbon powder removes offensive odor components due to its chemical adsorption force. On the other hand, the reactive metal powder is made of, for example, ferrous sulfate, aluminum sulfate, zinc sulfate, etc., and removes the malodorous component by its reducing power and adsorption power. The gas detector 50
Is arranged on the upstream side of the deodorizer 48 and measures the concentration of the malodorous gas contained in the air in the processing chamber 2 sucked into the intake duct 14. As shown in FIG. 4, the gas detector 50 includes a sensor element 51, a resistor 52, and an amplifier 53.
And a rectifier 55 that regulates the current from the power supply 54 and supplies it to the sensor element 51 and the amplifier 53. The sensor element 51 is configured by, for example, sintering fine powder of a metal oxide semiconductor into a solid form, forming a thin film of a metal oxide semiconductor on an insulating substrate, and further providing electrodes and lead wires. , When the odorous gas comes into contact, the electrical resistance changes. Then, the voltage across the resistor 52 changes due to this change in electrical resistance.
It is amplified at 13, and the odorous gas concentration is measured by this. As a result, the concentration of malodorous gas generated from each sewage treatment tank is detected, and it is judged whether there is any adverse effect due to the concentration.Therefore, when the amount of malodorous gas generated is small and there is no adverse effect on the surrounding atmospheric environment, the deodorizer 48 After passing through, the air is directly released into the atmosphere. Therefore, in the present invention, a three-way valve 47 is provided in the supply path between the intake duct 14 and the gas turbine generator 17, and a chimney that discharges exhaust gas to the atmosphere is provided.
20 and the three-way valve 47 are connected by a bypass passage 29. A switching means 60 is connected to the gas detector 50, and the output signal 61 of the switching means 60 drives and controls the three-way valve 47. Here, the switching unit 60 is an A / D converter 62 connected to the amplifier 53 of the gas detector 50, a comparing unit 63 that compares the detected concentration with a digital value, and an output signal 61 to the three-way valve 47. Is connected in series with the output control unit 64, and the setting unit 65 is added to the comparison unit 63.
Are connected. The A / D converter 62 converts the analog signal of the malodorous gas concentration sent from the amplifier 53 of the gas detector 50 into a digital signal. In addition, the allowable gas concentration, which is a reference that is empirically or legitimately determined, is input and stored in the setting unit 65. The comparison unit 63 compares the reference value from the setting unit 65 with
The measured value from the A / D converter 62 is read and these are compared. As a result of this comparison, the output control unit 64 drives and controls the three-way valve 47. That is, when the measured value is larger than the reference value, the valve on the side of the bypass 29 is closed to supply the air in the processing chamber 2 to the gas turbine generator 17, and the high temperature heat of the generator 17 heats the malodorous gas. Decomposes and deodorizes. On the other hand, when the measured value is smaller than the reference value, that is, when the adverse effect on the atmospheric environment is small, the valve on the gas turbine generator 17 side is closed and the valve on the bypass passage 29 side is opened. As a result, the air in the processing chamber 2 passes through the deodorizer 48 to perform a predetermined deodorization, and then is directly discharged from the chimney 20 to the atmosphere. In the present invention having such a deodorizer 48, the gas detector 50 and the switching means 60, the malodorous gas in the processing chamber 2 is removed and diluted to some extent by the deodorizer 48, and the gas turbine generator 17 is provided.
Since the amount of the malodorous gas supplied to is reduced, the erosion caused by the malodorous gas is eliminated, and the gas turbine generator 17 is not adversely affected. In particular, when the concentration of the malodorous gas is small, the deodorizer 48 is directly discharged to the atmosphere by driving the switching means 60 so that the contact time with the malodorous gas is shortened and the malodorous substance adhered to the gas turbine generator 17 is also reduced. Erosion of the gas turbine generator 17 is cumulatively reduced because the gas is removed by non-supply, especially by the wind pressure of the generator.

In FIG. 3, 19 is a fuel tank, 21 is a heat storage tank, 22 is an air conditioner, and 23 is a hot water supply tank. The gas passage 24 of the exhaust gas from the gas turbine generator 17 is connected to the heat exchanger 18
Of the gas passage 25 and a second gas passage 26 connected to the chimney 20. The first gas passage 25 is connected to the second gas passage 26 after exiting the heat exchanger 18. . Valves 27, 28 are provided in each gas passage 25, 26 to open / close the gas passage and adjust the flow rate, whereby the exhaust gas from the gas turbine generator 17 is mainly discharged from the first exhaust gas. Although it is led from the gas passage 25 to the heat exchanger 18, it is also possible to lead it directly from the second gas passage 26 to the chimney 20 and release it into the atmosphere. Fuel such as heavy oil is supplied from the fuel tank 19 to the gas turbine generator 17, and air for fuel combustion is supplied from the processing chamber 2. As described above, in the air of the treatment chamber 2, hydrogen sulfide, phenol, generated from various wastewater treatment tanks,
Although it contains odorous gases such as mercaptan and ammonia, it is diluted to some extent by the deodorizer 48 and then decomposed by being exposed to a high temperature of 800 ° C or higher in the gas turbine generator 17. Deodorized. Therefore, purification of sewage, deodorization of odorous gas, and power generation can be performed at the same time, which makes it possible to install a sewage treatment facility in a residential area, a downtown area, or the like.

The heat exchanger 18 receives the exhaust gas from the gas turbine generator 17, and heats water by the latent heat of the exhaust gas. This heating is performed by hot water at a temperature of about 80 to 85 ° C and at a temperature lower than that of hot water (about 55
It is carried out in two stages to obtain heat storage water of ~ 65 ° C. In the figure, 30 is a high temperature circulation path through which high temperature water circulates, and connects the high temperature part 18a of the heat exchanger 18, the hot water supply tank 23, and the cooling / heating device 22 so that the high temperature water circulates. Further, 31 is a heat storage circulation path through which the heat storage water circulates, and is connected between the heat storage part 18b of the heat exchanger 18 and the heat storage tank 21 so that the heat storage water circulates. Therefore, the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine generator 17 becomes a low temperature and is discharged from the chimney 20, the latent heat of the exhaust gas is converted into the heat energy of water, and the heat energy described below is effectively used. First, the high-temperature water is guided from the high-temperature circulation path 30 to the hot water supply tank 23 and the cooling / heating device 22. The hot water supply tank 23 supplies high-temperature water to the water supply, the shower equipment, the bath, etc., which are piped to the building 1.
On the other hand, the building 1 is provided with air conditioning equipment 37 for air conditioning and heating / cooling of each hall, and the air conditioning equipment 37 is provided with an air conditioner 38. The air conditioner 22 uses a heat pump, for example, and drives each air conditioner 38 with high temperature water.
Therefore, hot water from the heat exchanger 18 is used for hot water supply and cooling / heating, so that no power supply is required to drive them, and power can be saved. Next, the heat storage water stored in the heat storage tank 21 is applied to the floor heating of the building 1 through the pipe 39. Therefore, under the floor of the building 1, a plurality of pipelines 40 through which the stored heat flows are laid, and when the stored water is supplied to the pipeline 40 by a pump (not shown) or the like, the entire floor becomes hot. It is heated and the floor is heated.
As a result, the latent heat of the exhaust gas is used for floor heating, which enables effective use of heat energy. Such floor heating does not generate noise due to air flow unlike air conditioning and heating in which warm air is forcibly sent into the room. Therefore, it is particularly effective in the case where the building 1 is a facility such as a concert hall or a conference hall where noise is a concern because heating without noise interference is possible. It is also possible to supply hot water to a hot water pool or the like by increasing the amount of water stored in the heat storage tank 21 since the yield of the heat storage water is higher than that of the high temperature water.

Various modifications can be made in the present invention. The air in the processing chamber may be sucked by a pump as a means for making the processing chamber negative pressure. Further, the present invention is a combination of deodorization of the malodorous gas generated from the sewage treatment facility and power generation, and a heat exchanger or the like for effectively utilizing heat energy may be omitted. Furthermore, the switching means may manually judge the detected concentration from the gas detector and manually switch the three-way valve. Furthermore, if the treatment chamber is isolated from the surroundings, it may be provided in the above-ground portion instead of the underground portion of the building, or only the treatment chamber may be separately constructed.

<Effects of the Invention> As described above, according to the present invention, the air from the sewage treatment tank is supplied as combustion air for the gas turbine generator to eliminate the odor, and thus various facilities such as a gymnasium and a movie theater and sewage treatment are provided. The facility and the facility can be installed in the same building. Further, since the odorous pollution is not generated from the sewage treatment facility, the sewage treatment facility can be installed in the residential area and its construction becomes easy.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of an underground portion, FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a power generation system, and FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a gas detector and switching means. . 1 ... Building, 2 ... Processing room, 3 ... Power generation room, 4,5,6,7,
8,9 …… Sewage treatment tank, 12 …… Fan, 13 …… Air supply duct, 14 …… Intake duct (supply path), 17 …… Gas turbine generator, 18 …… Heat exchanger, 20 …… Chimney , 21 …… heat storage tank,
22 …… Air conditioner, 23 …… Hot water tank, 29 …… Bypass,
30,31 …… Circuit, 40 …… Pipeline, 42,43,44 ……
Electric appliances, 47 ... 3-way valve, 48 ... Deodorizer, 50 ... Gas detector, 60 ... Switching means.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A processing chamber in which a sewage treatment tank is isolated from the surroundings and whose inside is adjusted to a negative pressure, and a gas turbine generator in which air in the processing chamber is supplied as fuel combustion air through a supply passage. , A chimney that discharges exhaust gas from a gas turbine generator, a deodorizer that is installed in the supply path to remove malodorous gas generated from a sewage treatment tank, and a density of malodorous gas that is installed in the supply path Deodorizing equipment, characterized by comprising: a gas detector for controlling the gas and a switching means for switching the supply of air in the processing chamber between the gas turbine generator and the chimney according to the measured value from the gas detector.