JPH0796292A - Water purification method and apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Structure] The water purification device 1 includes frames 3, 9, 11, and 13 which are arranged in water, and a water pump 5 which is supported by the frame 9 and ejects water in water onto the water surface. , Frames 9, 11
And a filter medium accommodating space R1 that forms a water suction path of the water pump 5 in water, and a filter medium 12 that is accommodated in the space R1 and has a biofilm formed on its surface. [Effects] The structure is simple and can be manufactured and installed at low cost. In addition to water purification that decomposes and mineralizes the organic substances of the biofilm formed on the surface of the filter medium, water absorption by the water pump and water circulation by the fountain, and fountain By supplying the amount of dissolved oxygen by
An efficient and stable purification function can be expected.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a water purification method and apparatus suitable for improving water quality in lakes, ponds, etc. More specifically, it is easy to install and maintain, and efficiently improves water quality. The present invention relates to a water purification method and an apparatus therefor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In lakes or ponds, plants such as algae or phytoplankton having photosynthetic ability, crustaceans that prey on them, animals such as fish or zooplankton, and carcasses and excrement of animals and plants are decomposed. Bacteria such as aerobic bacteria that are then mineralized form a stable ecosystem. This ecosystem exerts a so-called biological self-cleaning action.For example, extra organic substances and pollutants that have flowed into lakes and marshes from other places are decomposed into inorganic substances by bacteria in the ecosystem, especially aerobic bacteria. Be purified. By the way, nitrogen and phosphorus compounds are called nutrient salts, and are essential for the growth of phytoplankton and algae.

However, when these are excessively supplied to lakes and marshes together with organic matter, eutrophication progresses and abnormal generation of specific algae occurs, resulting in a phenomenon called red tide or water-bloom. These phenomena cause an offensive odor in lake water and decrease transparency, or cause coloration and odor of tap water drawn from the lake, and lake organisms caused by oxygen deficiency and algae toxin generation in the lake. Cause a large number of deaths. In order to prevent eutrophication of lakes, a method of purifying factory wastewater, domestic wastewater, or the like flowing into the lakes or directly purifying lake waters can be considered. Conventionally, such water purification equipment has a primary treatment tank that removes sand, suspended matter, etc. in unpurified water by sedimentation and a bar screen, etc., and the obtained primary treated water contains aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria in organic matter. It is generally equipped with a secondary treatment tank which is decomposed by microorganisms such as bacteria.

[0004]

However, in the conventional water purification equipment as described above, a primary treatment tank and a secondary treatment tank for drawing in drainage water or lake water, pipes connecting these, and a water channel are installed. Civil engineering work is required, and a large volume is required for these treatment tanks to work effectively.
There is a problem that not only the equipment cost becomes huge due to the large scale of the equipment itself, but also the maintenance and inspection costs. Further, in the conventional water purification equipment, in order to forcibly flow unpurified water or treated water into the treatment tank, a large output water pump is required because each tank has a large volume, and therefore,
In addition to the increase in equipment costs, there is also the problem that operating costs are high. The present invention has been devised in view of the above circumstances, the object of the present invention can be easily installed without the need for large-scale civil engineering work, also, maintenance and inspection can be performed easily,
An object of the present invention is to provide a water purification method and a device therefor capable of reducing costs.

[0005]

In the water purification method according to the present invention, water in water is jetted out onto the water surface by a water pump, and a filter medium is disposed in a water suction path of the water pump in water. It is characterized in that organic matter in water is decomposed and made inorganic by a biofilm formed on the surface of the filter medium.

Further, the water purifying apparatus according to the present invention is provided with a frame which is disposed in water, a water pump which is supported by the frame and ejects water in water onto the water surface, and the water pump which is provided in the frame. It is characterized in that it is provided with a filter medium-accommodating space that constitutes a water suction path of the pump in water, and a filter medium that is accommodated in the space and on which a biofilm is formed. Further, the present invention is characterized in that a float is connected to the frame, and the frame is arranged in the water in a state of floating from the bottom of the water. In the present invention, the frame includes a lower outer frame member, a lower inner frame member arranged inside the lower outer frame member, and an upper frame member arranged above the lower outer frame member. The filter medium accommodating space is defined in an annular shape by the inner side of the lower outer frame member and the outer side of the lower inner frame member, and the water pump is accommodated in the space inside the lower inner frame member. A water injection nozzle connected to the discharge port of the water pump is supported by the member.

[0007]

EXAMPLES The water purification method according to the present invention will be described below together with the apparatus. FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a water purification device. The water purification device 1 includes a frame 3 installed at the bottom of the water, and a water pump 5 housed in the center of the frame 3 and submerged in water.
The frame 3 is composed of a lower outer frame member 9, a lower inner frame member 11, an upper frame member 13 and the like. The lower outer frame member 9 includes a disk-shaped bottom plate 7 and a plurality of fence bars 9a standing upright along the outer edge of the bottom plate 7, and the lower inner frame member 11
Is provided with a plurality of fence bars 11a, etc., which are erected on the bottom plate 7 so as to surround the water pump 5.

The upper frame member 13 is detachably coupled to the upper end of the lower outer frame member 9, and the upper frame member 13 is provided with a plurality of support members 15 which are erected on the outer peripheral portion thereof at intervals in the circumferential direction. An annular pipe 17 is fixed on the support member 15,
A plurality of fountain nozzles 16 are connected to the annular pipe 17. Nets 9b and 11b are attached to the entire circumference of the fence bar 9a of the lower outer frame member 9 and the entire circumference of the fence bar 11a of the lower inner frame member 11, respectively. A filter medium 12 is filled in an annular space R1 defined by the outside of 11b, and the upper end of the lower inner frame member 11 is closed by a lid 19, and the inside of the net 11b is covered with the lid 19. The water pump 5 is arranged in a space R2 defined below.

As the filter medium 12, any material may be used as long as it is excellent in water permeability, can collect a suspended suspension in water, and easily forms a biofilm composed of aerobic bacteria on the surface. For example, a porous artificial or natural ceramic filter material (silica-alumina main component), a molding contact body (made of polypropylene), or the like can be used.

The water pump 5 is connected to the power source by a power cord 20 that penetrates through the lid body 19 and is drawn out to the outside. The water discharge port of the water pump 5 penetrates through the lid body 19 and the lid body 19 is connected. The water discharge pipe 21 protruding upward is connected to the water discharge pipe 21.
And the annular pipe 17 are connected via a T-shaped pipe 23 and two connecting pipes 25.

In the water purification method of this embodiment, lake water is sucked through the suction port 5a of the water pump 5, and this water is discharged from the water discharge pipe 2
1, the T-shaped pipe 23, the connecting pipe 25 and the annular pipe 17, and is sprayed from the fountain nozzle 16 protruding above the water surface s. Then, when water is sucked in through the suction port 5a, lake water (untreated water) outside the lower outer frame member 9 flows into the space R2 inside the lower inner frame member 11, and at this time, in the middle of the inflow path. Through the filter medium 12 in the space portion R1. Therefore, suspended solids such as algae and sludge in the lake water are adsorbed and collected on the filter medium 12, and the organic substances contained therein or the organic substances dissolved in the lake water are aerobic bacteria formed on the surface of the filter medium 12. It is oxidized and decomposed by the biofilm consisting of etc. to become inorganic. Further, the water treated by the filter medium 12 and sucked into the water pump 5 is jetted into the air from the fountain nozzle 16 through the pipes 21, 23, 25 and 17 and falls on the water surface to return to the lake water. The oxygen in the air is supplied to the lake water, and the oxygen consumed by the oxidation and decomposition of the organic matter on the surface of the filter medium 12 is replenished to some extent. Therefore,
Even when the supply amount and the consumption amount of the dissolved oxygen in the lake water are in an equilibrium state, the absolute amount of the dissolved oxygen can be kept high, and an efficient and stable water purification function can be maintained.

Further, since the lake water is circulated in the whole lake by the suction and fountain of the lake water by the device 1 submerged in the lake, the generation of algae can be suppressed. That is, by generating a circulation of lake water, the dissolved oxygen in the water is supplied to the entire lake, and by aerobicizing the anaerobic state of the bottom part, etc., the elution of nutrients from the bottom mud is prevented, and at the same time, the plant Transfers sex plankton to the bottom layer where light does not reach easily and suppresses algae growth.

In the water purifying apparatus 1 of this embodiment, the lower outer frame member 9, the lower inner frame member 11, the upper frame member 13, the water pump 5, etc. are assembled in advance in the factory, and the water discharge pipe 21,
T-shaped pipe 23, connecting pipe 25, annular pipe 17, fountain nozzle 16
The installation of the equipment is completed simply by installing the pipes etc., bringing the assembled ones to the site, filling the filter media 12 on the site, and then installing them in the lake, so large-scale civil engineering work and piping work that were required in the past have been completed. Etc. can be omitted. Further, when the function of the filter medium 12 deteriorates, the function can be recovered by pulling up the purifying device 1 from the lake bottom and replacing the filter medium 12, so that there is also an advantage that maintenance is easy.

Although the present invention has been described based on the embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. For example, in the water purification device 1 according to the present invention, as shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 1, the float A is provided outside the support member 15, the water pump 5 is submerged, and the fountain nozzle 16 is located on the water surface. As described above, the frame 3 may be installed while floating in water. When the float A is provided in this manner, the water purification device 1 can be easily installed regardless of the depth of the lake. Further, as shown by the chain double-dashed line in FIG. 1, the solar cell B is arranged on the annular tube 17, and the power cord 20
The solar battery B can also be used as the power source of the water pump 5 by connecting to.

[0015]

According to the water purification method of the present invention, water in water is jetted out onto the water surface by a water pump, and a filter medium is disposed in a water suction path of the water pump in water. Since the organic film in the water is decomposed and mineralized by the biofilm formed on the surface, the organic film in the water is decomposed and mineralized by the biofilm to purify the water, and the water is absorbed by the water pump and the water is circulated and convected. The oxygen in the air is supplied by the jetted water, so that the amount of dissolved oxygen in the lake water is not significantly reduced, and a stable purification function can be maintained efficiently, and the device can be easily configured. .
Further, according to the water purifying apparatus of the present invention, the frame disposed in the water, the water pump supported by the frame and ejecting the water in the water onto the water surface, and the water pump provided in the frame, the water pump. Since it has a filter medium-accommodating space part that constitutes a water suction path in water, and a filter medium that is housed in the space part and has a biofilm formed on its surface, it has a simple structure and can be manufactured at low cost. It can be installed easily by assembling it outside the lake and then submerging it in the lake, so the installation cost is low.

Hereinafter, the effects of the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to experimental examples, but the present invention is not construed as being limited to the following experimental examples. [Experimental example] Water pump 5 (maximum discharge of 0.15 m ³ , DC
24 V), ceramic filter medium 12 (manufactured by Iwao Porcelain Industry Co., Ltd., 1 inch saddle type, specific gravity 2.7, average pore diameter 7 μ)
m) and solar cell B (manufactured by Kyocera, operating voltage 33.4V,
A purification device 1 having the structure shown in FIG. 1 having a maximum output of 384 W) was produced. It should be noted that the solar cell used in this experimental example generates a maximum voltage of 41.5 V in fine weather in a state where it is not connected to a water pump based on the result of measurement of the local voltage, and in a state in which it is connected to a water pump in a fine weather 18. A maximum voltage of 2V was generated. 15m ³ of water from a park pond where fish are released is stored in an aquarium (30m ^{2 in} area) installed outdoors, and purification device 1
Was installed in this water tank and operated for 15 days.

It should be noted that, in this 15-day operation, 6 sunny days
The number of times of cloudy weather was 6, the number of times of cloudy weather was 3, and the number of times of rainy weather was 3. The number of times of one round of aquarium water was 3 when it was fine and 1 when it was cloudy. In addition, at specific times every day, water temperature, pH, DO
(Dissolved oxygen amount), COD (chemical oxygen demand amount), SS
(Floating suspended matter) and TN (total nitrogen) were measured. 1
The measurement results on the 3rd, 8th and 15th days are shown in [Table 1]. There is a method such as using a flow meter to generate the flow rate of the submersible pump, but in this experiment, it was obtained from the integrated value of the generated voltage for one day, and it was simplified, and the generated voltage and the discharge amount of the submersible pump were measured. Since the discharge rate in fine weather was 6.7 m ³ per hour and it was 1/3 to 1/2 in cloudy weather, the water in the 15 m ³ pond circulates once, so it is about 2 hours in fine weather. , 6 hours in cloudy weather, 3 times in fine weather, and 1 time in cloudy weather.

[0018]

[Table 1]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a water purification device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Water Purification Device 3 Frame 5 Water Pump 9 Lower Outer Frame Member 11 Lower Inner Frame Member 12 Filter Material 13 Upper Frame Member A Float B Solar Cell

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A water pump ejects water in water onto a water surface, a filter medium is disposed in a water suction path of the water pump in water, and a biofilm formed on the surface of the filter medium removes organic matter in the water. A water purification method characterized by being decomposed and mineralized. 2. A frame disposed in water, a water pump which is supported by the frame and ejects water in water onto the water surface, and a water suction path of the water pump which is provided in the frame and which is submerged in water. A water purification apparatus comprising: a filter medium-accommodating space that constitutes the filter medium; and a filter medium that is accommodated in the space and has a biofilm formed on its surface. 3. A float is connected to the frame,
The water purification device according to claim 2, wherein the frame is arranged in the water in a state of floating from the bottom of the water. 4. The frame includes a lower outer frame member, a lower inner frame member arranged inside the lower outer frame member, and an upper frame member arranged above the lower outer frame member. The filter medium accommodating space is defined in an annular shape by the inside of the lower outer frame member and the outside of the lower inner frame member, the water pump is accommodated in the space inside the lower inner frame member, and the upper frame member is formed. The water injection nozzle connected to the discharge port of the water pump is supported by
Or the water purifier according to 3.