JPH0796882A - Electric bicycle - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] To obtain an electric bicycle that can drive on roads including slopes and is easy to drive, and that doubles the travel distance per charge. Furthermore, the object is to be able to move the bicycle back and forth by pushing it by hand when stopped. A direct current electric motor which is a drive source, a transmission thereof and a vehicle-mounted storage battery are mounted near a lower portion of a saddle of a bicycle, and an automatic transmission which can change a gear ratio by forward and reverse rotation of the electric motor. Traveling with a pedal is a well-known means, and traveling with an additional electric motor can be performed independently or both can be used together. Also, when stopped, the bicycle can be moved forward and backward by pushing the bicycle by hand. By controlling the output torque of the electric motor for traveling with the grip of the steering wheel and returning the output torque to zero when the hand is released from the grip, it is possible to naturally and easily perform the operation during driving and inertial traveling. There is. The configuration is such that traveling on a slope can be easily performed by automatically changing the gear ratio of the torque for the required traveling or by changing it manually.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

[Field of Industrial Application] It is used in addition to a well-known foot-operated bicycle and an electric bicycle that can be advanced by the driving force of a DC motor.

2. Description of the Related Art An electric bicycle in which a DC electric motor and a storage battery are mounted on a pedal-pedaled bicycle is well known, and there is an example in which the bicycle is implemented.

[0002]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

First Problem It is necessary to prevent a change in running sensation without causing a load on the DC electric motor and its speed reducer when traveling by a pedal. Second problem It is necessary to be able to climb a slope using both the pedaling pedal and the driving force of the DC motor. Third Problem There is a special manual operation when changing and selecting the first mode in which the vehicle is driven only by the driving force of the DC motor, the second mode in which only the pedaling pedal is used, and the third mode in which both are used in combination. It is difficult to use, and there is a problem that induces an accident especially in the case of small children. Fourth Problem Since there is a large difference in required torque between traveling on a flat ground and climbing a slope, a transmission is required. The transmission has a known transmission means in automobiles,
There is a problem that the structure is complicated and large-sized and expensive, and there is no one that can be used for an electric bicycle. Fifth task It is necessary to be able to push the bicycle and move backward freely when the bicycle is stopped.

[0003]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

First Means A bicycle provided with a large sprocket driven by a foot pedal, a small sprocket driving a rear wheel shaft via a one-way clutch, and a chain hung between the large sprocket and the small sprocket. In the vehicle, a vehicle-mounted storage battery housed in a first outer casing fixed to the vehicle body at a side portion of a lower portion of a bicycle saddle, a DC motor housed in a second outer casing fixed to the side portion, and an output rotary shaft thereof Between the transmission driven by the first pulley, the first pulley fixed to the output rotation shaft of the transmission, the second pulley provided on the rear wheel rotation shaft of the bicycle, and the first and second pulleys. A drive device that drives the rear wheels in the forward direction of the bicycle by the belt that is hung, and a first gear that is driven by the output rotation shaft of the DC motor at the time of normal rotation of the DC motor, so that the first one-way clutch Drive the output rotary shaft of the transmission in a mode with a small gear ratio, and when the DC motor rotates in the reverse direction, the second gear train driven by the output rotary shaft shifts the gear through the second one-way clutch. A device that drives the output rotation shaft of the transmission in the same direction in a high ratio mode, an on-vehicle storage battery that supplies power to the DC motor via an opening / closing electric switch, an armature current detection device for the DC motor, and the device and the DC motor. A flywheel diode reversely connected in parallel to the series connection body, and an electric circuit that is supplied from an onboard storage battery and changes the resistance value of the variable resistor to obtain a reference voltage that changes correspondingly, and a reference voltage. And comparing the detection voltage of the armature current detection device, when the latter voltage exceeds the former voltage, the transistor inserted between the DC motor and the onboard storage battery is converted to non-conduction, When the armature current drops to a predetermined value, the chopper circuit that makes the transistor conductive, and the variable resistance that is stored inside is changed by manually turning the grip of the handle to change the reference according to the turning. A device for increasing the voltage and forcing the reference voltage to disappear by springing back when the hand is released from the grip, a means for reversing the direct current motor, and a lever rotatably supported by a spindle provided on the body of the bicycle. A third pulley rotatably supported at its end and a spring hung at the end of the lever rotate the lever, and the third pulley laterally presses the belt to provide tension. Then, torque transmission of the first and second pulleys is enabled, and when the lever is manually rotated by a predetermined angle in the opposite direction, the pulley moves in the direction away from the belt, First and decreased belt is slid tension, in which torque transmission between the second pulley is configured more and apparatus is stopped. Second Means In a bicycle provided with a large sprocket driven by a foot pedal, a small sprocket driving a rear wheel shaft via a one-way clutch, and a chain hung between the large sprocket and the small sprocket described above. ,
Driven by a vehicle-mounted storage battery housed in a first outer casing fixed to the vehicle body at the lower side of the saddle of the bicycle, a DC motor housed in a second outer casing fixed to the side, and its output rotary shaft Transmission, a first sprocket loosely fitted to the output rotation shaft of the transmission, an alternative selection means for manually fixing or loosely fitting the first sprocket to the output shaft, and a rear bicycle When the first sprocket and the second sprocket fixed to the wheel rotation shaft are fixed to the output rotation shaft, the chain hooked between the first sprocket and the second sprocket causes the bicycle to move forward. At the time of forward rotation of the drive device for driving the rear wheels and the direct-current motor, the first gear train driven by the output rotation shaft of the direct-current motor causes the transmission device of the transmission to operate in a mode in which the gear ratio is small via the first one-way clutch. When the direct current electric motor rotates in the reverse direction, the second gear train driven by the output rotary shaft drives the output rotary shaft of the transmission in a mode with a large gear ratio through the second one-way clutch. A device that drives in the same direction, a vehicle-mounted storage battery that supplies power to the DC motor via an opening / closing electric switch, an armature current detection device for the DC motor, and a flywheel that is reversely connected in parallel to a series connection body of the device and the DC motor. Compare the reference voltage and the detection voltage of the armature current detection device with the electric circuit that is supplied from the diode and the onboard storage battery and changes the resistance value of the variable resistor to obtain the reference voltage that changes correspondingly. , If the voltage of the latter exceeds the voltage of the former, the transistor inserted between the DC motor and the onboard storage battery is converted to non-conduction, and when the armature current drops to a predetermined value, the transistor By manually rotating the chopper circuit that makes the transistor conductive and the handle grip, the variable resistance stored inside is changed, the reference voltage is increased in response to the rotation, and the hand is released from the grip. It is composed of a device that springs back to eliminate the reference voltage, and a device that causes the DC motor to rotate in the right direction.

[0004]

The pedal has the function of adding a device for carrying out the following action to a known bicycle which moves forward by the pedaling pedal and stops when it is stopped, and has the action of operating the bicycle without changing the driving feeling. When a part of the grip of the steering wheel is rotated, the driving torque of the DC motor is increased in accordance with the rotation angle, and the vehicle travels. This traveling can be used in combination with the traveling with the pedal pedal, or can be performed independently. . When the hand is released from a part of the handle grip, the springback occurs, the output torque from the DC motor is automatically lost, and the vehicle travels due to inertia to increase the traveling distance. Since a simple transmission is adopted in which the gear ratio is automatically selected by the forward and reverse rotation of the electric motor,
It facilitates climbing up a slope and can perform inertial running at any gear ratio. It is necessary to manually retract the bicycle while it is stopped, but at this time it is possible to freely retract by manually operating the lever. Because of the above-described effects, the first, second, ..., Fifth problems can be solved.

[0005]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a drawing in which the device of the present invention is added to a bicycle, and other known parts are omitted and not shown. Dotted line 2
Reference numerals 4a, 24b, and 24c are schematic representations of the triangular frame of the bicycle body. The arrow C indicates the traveling direction. The pedaling petals 3a, 3b are supported on the ends of the rotating arms 2a, 2b by a support shaft, and the arm 2a is linearly held by the support body, and the arm 2b is also supported by the support body of the same structure via the rotary shaft 1. To be done. The rotating shaft 1 of the arms 2a, 2b is rotatably supported by a bearing at the joint of the frames 24a, 24b, 24e, and the sprocket 6 having a large diameter is configured to rotate synchronously with the arms 2a, 2b. A hub of a rear wheel 10 is rotatably supported by a support shaft 5 at a connecting portion of the frames 24a and 24c via a bearing, and a sprocket 8 having a small diameter is also rotatably supported. Torque is transmitted between the hub, which is the rotating shaft of the rear wheel 10, and the sprocket 8 through a one-way clutch (shown by the dotted line 5a), so the petal 3a is pressed in the direction of arrow A to move the sprocket 6 in the direction of arrow B. Sprocket 6 when rotated
The chain 4 hooked on the sprocket 8 rotates the sprocket 8 counterclockwise.

At this time, by the one-way clutch 5a,
Since the rear wheels 10 are also driven in the same direction, the bicycle runs in the direction of arrow C. When the petals 3a and 3b are stopped and held, the one-way clutch 5a slides and the bicycle runs inertially. A well-known ball clutch or a claw that engages with a rack gear is used as the one-way clutch, but other means may be used as long as it can transmit torque in one direction. A sprocket 8 is supported on the hub of the rear wheel 10 via a one-way clutch 5a, and torque is transmitted to the rear wheel 10 only when the sprocket 8 rotates counterclockwise to allow the bicycle to run in the direction of arrow C. . Symbol 2
Reference numeral 4 is a saddle, and symbols 24d and 24e are frames. The symbol 6a is a loading platform. Reference numeral 9 denotes an outer casing, in which a three-phase coreless flat DC motor (to be referred to as an electric motor hereinafter) and a speed reducer for the same are housed inside. The outer casing 9 is fixed to the frame 24c. The outer casing 6 for accommodating the onboard storage battery is also fixed to the frame 24c. A belt 7a is hung between a pulley 25 fixed to the hub and an output pulley 7b of the transmission which will be described later. Therefore, the rear wheel 10 is driven by the output pulley 7b and the pulley 25 to drive the bicycle.

2 and 3 show details of the vicinity of the sprocket 8 for driving the rear wheel 10. In FIG. 3, a hub 11 is attached to the support shaft 5 by a ball bearing 11a.
Is rotatably supported. An inner ring 5c is fitted on the hub 11, and a one-way clutch 5a is provided between the inner ring 5c and the outer ring 5b. A sprocket 8 is provided on the outer periphery of the outer ring 5b. The sprocket 8 in FIG. 2 has the above-mentioned structure. In FIG. 2, the support shaft 5 is fastened to a frame (also called a fork) 24c by a nut 5d. The opposite side of the support shaft 5 is also fastened to the frame by the same means. Symbols 32a and 32b indicate discs on both sides of the hub 11. The spokes 23a and 23b are hooked on the discs 32a and 32b, and the rear wheel 10 is fixed to the other ends of the spokes. The pulley 25 is fixed to the hub 32a and rotates synchronously. As shown in FIG. 1, a chain 4 and a belt 7a are respectively hung on the sprockets 6 and 8 and the pulleys 7b and 25.

FIG. 4 shows only the vicinity of the rear wheel 10 of the bicycle. In FIG. 4, a saddle 24 is provided above the frame 24c. The support shaft 5 is fastened to the lower end of the frame 24c, and the sprocket 8 and the pulley 25 described above with reference to FIG. 2 are mounted on the support shaft 5. The rear wheel 10 is mounted via the hub and spokes of the support shaft 5, but is omitted in the drawing. The outer casings 6 and 9 are fixed to the support body 33 which is fastened to the upper portion of the frame 24c by the nut 33a. The symbol 6a is shown by the same symbol in FIG. 1 and is a schematic representation of the cargo bed. The outer casing 9 houses the electric motor 34 and its speed reducer 35, and the outer casing 6 houses the storage battery 12. As can be seen from FIG. 4, outer casings 8 and 9
There are few bulging parts on the left and right, and the balance of the left and right weight is good.

The electric motor 34 and the transmission 35 will be described with reference to FIG. The outer casing 9 of FIG. 1 is omitted and not shown. In FIG. 5, as the electric motor 34, a three-phase coreless flat commutator electric motor is used. As the electric motor 34, a well-known electric motor described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-26264 according to the invention of the present applicant is used, and an output of about 200 watts is an optimum output in balance with the size of the storage battery. A reluctance type electric motor that is small and has a large output torque can also be used. The output rotary shaft 34a of the electric motor 34 is rotatably supported by a ball bearing 37a of the outer casing 35. Since the rotating shaft 34a is supported by the bearings on both sides of the electric motor 34, the ball bearing 37a is not always necessary. Rotating shaft 3
A gear 42 is attached to the gear 4a via a one-way clutch 42a. The one-way clutch 42a uses a roller. The gear 41 is fixed to the rotating shaft 34a.
The left side of the outer casing 35 is fixed to the outer casing of the electric motor 34.
A rotating shaft 38b is rotatably supported by a bearing provided on the protruding portion 37 of the outer casing 35 and a bearing provided on the left side of the outer casing 35, a gear 39 is fixed to the rotating shaft 38b, and a gear 43 is 1 It is attached to the rotary shaft 38a via a directional clutch.

Ball bearings 37b, 3 on the left and right sides of the outer casing 35
A rotating shaft 38a is rotatably supported by 7c, and a gear 40
And the pulley 7b is fixed. The gear 40 and the gear 43 mesh with each other, and the gear 40 also meshes with the gear 42. The gear 39 meshes with the gear 41. FIG. 6 is a plan view of each gear as seen from the direction of arrow G for torque transmission by the gears described above.
This will be explained next. In FIG. 6, the rotating shaft 3 of the electric motor
When 4a rotates in the clockwise direction of the arrow, the one-way clutch 42
Since the gear 40 is rotated counterclockwise by the arrow via a and the gear 42, the pulley 7b fixed to the rotary shaft 38a is driven in the same direction. The gear 39 that meshes with the gear 41 at this time
Rotates counterclockwise, and the coaxial gear 43 also receives a driving force to be rotated in the same direction, but the driving force is transmitted through the one-way clutch, so that the gear 43 slides and torque transmission to the gear 40 is blocked. Since the gear 43 meshes with the gear 40, it rotates clockwise, but only slides because of the one-way clutch 42a described above.

When the rotating shaft 34a of the electric motor rotates in the reverse direction and rotates in the counterclockwise direction, the rotating torque of the gear 42 does not occur because of the one-way clutch 42a. The gear 41 rotates counterclockwise, and the gear 39 meshing with the gear 41 rotates clockwise. Since the rotating shaft 38b also rotates in the same direction, the gear 43 also rotates clockwise through the one-way clutch. The gear 40 meshing with the gear 43 rotates counterclockwise (indicated by an arrow), and the pulley 7b fixed to the rotation shaft 38a.
Drive in the same direction. As can be understood from the above description, the pulley 7b is driven by the gears 42 and 40 at a predetermined reduction ratio when the electric motor 34 rotates in the normal direction, and the gear 4 rotates when rotating in the reverse direction.
1, 39, 43, 40 drive the pulley 7b in the same direction with a larger reduction ratio. That is, it is possible to obtain an automatic speed reducer in which the speed reduction ratio is automatically changed by the forward / reverse rotation of the electric motor 34. Such a speed reducer can provide an effective means when a power source for moving backward is not required like an electric bicycle. Since the belt 7a is hung between the pulley 25 and the pulley 25 as described with reference to FIG. 1, the driving torque of the rear wheel 10 can be automatically changed by the forward / reverse rotation of the electric motor 34.

The same effect can be obtained by removing the one-way clutch of the gear 43 in FIG. 5 and providing it on the gear 39 or the gear 41. However, in this case, the speed at which the gear idles increases and the noise increases. is there. When the energization of the electric motor 34 is stopped, the above-described one-way clutch can slide to perform inertial traveling, so that the power consumption can be reduced to about 1/2. A suitable three-phase flat commutator motor is suitable for the motor 34. The reason is as follows. Since the armature coil rotates and there is no core,
There is no iron loss and the efficiency is 90% or more. Light weight and low price. Even in the commutator type, the inductance of the armature coil is remarkably small, and therefore the combustor and the brush are less likely to burn off and the service life is long. Further, as described above with reference to FIG. 4, there is an effect that the left and right bulging portions of the automobile are reduced.

Next, the energizing means of the electric motor 34 will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 7, symbols 12 a and 12 b are positive and negative electrodes of the on-vehicle storage battery 12. The motor 34 and the resistor 13a for detecting the armature current are connected in series, and the flywheel diode 15 is connected in parallel to the series connection body of the motor 34 and the resistor 13a. The variable resistor 13 and the resistor 13b are connected in series and are supplied from the positive and negative electrodes 12a and 12b. The armature current increases and the voltage drop across the resistor 13a
When it exceeds the voltage drop of
Becomes low level, and the transistor 16 is turned off. The transistor 16 may be another semiconductor switching element. Therefore, the magnetic energy of the armature coil is discharged through the diode 15 and the armature current is reduced. When it decreases to a predetermined value, the output thereof is converted to a high level due to the hysteresis characteristic of the operational amplifier 14, so that the transistor 16 becomes conductive and the armature current increases. Since it becomes a chopper circuit that repeats such a cycle, the resistance 1
The armature current corresponds to the voltage drop of 3b, that is, the reference voltage. In this embodiment, the armature current detecting device using the resistor 13a is used, but well-known means may be used.

Since the voltage drop of the resistor 13b can be controlled by changing the resistance value of the variable resistor 13, the electric motor 34
Output torque can be controlled by the variable resistor 13. Next, the means for changing the variable resistor 13 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 8 shows the grip of the handle, and the grip of the handle arm 18 is divided into two.
7a is fixed to the handle arm 18, and the grip 17b
Is manually rotatable around the handle arm 18. At the left end of the grip 17b, a cylindrical casing 19 accommodating a member including the variable resistor 13 is provided, and the central portion of the left side plate is fixed to the handle arm 18. A plan view of FIG. 8 viewed from the direction of arrow D is shown in FIG. The housing 19 is shown in cross section.

In FIG. 9, a hollow handle arm 18
A sleeve 21a is arranged so as to be slidably rotatable around the sleeve 21a, and a cylindrical rotating body 21 which is an extension of the grip 17b (shown in FIG. 8) to the left is fixed to the outside of the sleeve 21a. Rotate synchronously. Rotating body 21
A film of a resistor is applied to the outer peripheral surface of the (insulator).
Slider 20 whose base is fixed inside a cylindrical housing 19
Slides on the above-mentioned film. The left end of the metal spring 22 is fixed to the outside of the rotating body 21, and the right end thereof is the housing 19.
Is fixed inside, and repels the rotating body 21 counterclockwise,
The protrusion 22b of the rotating body 21 and the protrusion 22a of the housing 19 are in contact with each other to prevent rotation.

When the grips 17a and 17b shown in FIG. 8 are gripped with a hand and the grip 17b is rotated, the rotating body 21 shown in FIG. 9 rotates clockwise, so that the terminals 23a and 2 are correspondingly connected.
The resistance value of 3b decreases. This is terminal 23a, slider 2
This is because the resistance value between 0, the terminal 23b, and the left end of the spring 22 decreases. When the hand is released from the grip 17b, the rotating body 21 springs back to the position shown in the figure, so that the resistance becomes the maximum value. This variable resistor is the variable resistor 13 in FIG. As understood from the above description, when the power switch 12c of FIG.
Although a small amount of current flows to the resistor 13b, when the grip 17b of FIG. 8 is manually rotated, the resistance 13b of FIG.
Voltage drop, that is, the reference voltage increases, and in proportion to this, the armature current increases and the output torque increases. Therefore, since the required output torque can be obtained by the operation of the hand that holds the steering wheel during traveling, it is possible to obtain the effect that the traveling of the bicycle can be controlled at the required speed. When the hand is released from the grip 17b, spring back occurs and the output torque almost disappears.

The open / close electric switch 12c shown in FIG. 7 is opened and closed manually, but it is more effective if it is automated as shown in FIG. FIG. 10 shows the protrusions 22a, 2 of FIG.
Only the vicinity of 2b is shown. In FIG. 10, the protruding portion 22a is made of a plastic material, and the base portion is the housing 19
The right end of the metal leaf spring 29 is fixed to the outer casing 19 and the protruding portion 22a. The right end of the leaf spring 29 serves as a terminal 29a, and the electric contact 29b is provided on the left side. Metal plate 3
0 is buried in the center of the protrusion 22a and the right end is the terminal 30a.
Becomes The left end is the electric contact 30b, and the electric contact 29b
b and 30b are pressed against each other. When the rotating body 21 rotates counterclockwise and springs back, the protruding portion 22b presses the end surface of the bent portion of the leaf spring 29 at the left end, and the electrical contact 29 is formed.
b and 30b are separated from each other. The terminals 29a and 30a can be used as the electric switch 12c in FIG. With the above configuration, when the grip 17b is manually rotated, the output torque of the electric motor 34 is increased, and when the grip 17b is released, the rotating body 21 springs back and the electric switch 1 of FIG.
2c is automatically opened to stop energization. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the on-vehicle storage battery from being consumed when the bicycle is left unattended.

In FIG. 7, changeover switches K and L are forward / reverse changeover switches of the electric motor 34, and the electric motor 34 is normally rotating in the illustrated mode. Q of the flip-flop circuit 26
When there is a high-level output from the terminal, the electromagnetic plunger 27 is driven through the widening circuit 26a, and the changeover switches K and L are switched by the drive of the actuator, so that the energizing direction of the heavy motor 34 is reversed and the reverse rotation is performed. To do. When the output of the Q terminal disappears, the actuator springs back and the changeover switch K,
L returns to normal rotation. The forward / reverse rotation of the electric motor 34 changes the gear ratio of the drive system as described above with reference to FIG.
The resistors 28, 28a, 28b are connected in series. When the output torque of the electric motor 34 is increased by rotating the grip on a slope, the voltage drop of the resistor 13a, that is, the input voltage of the + terminal of the operational amplifier 14a becomes larger than the voltage drop of the resistors 28a and 28b, that is, the input voltage of the-terminal of the operational amplifier 14a. So
The output of the operational amplifier 14a becomes high level, the output of the Q terminal of the flip-flop circuit 26 is converted to high level, and the electric motor 34 is held in the reverse rotation mode.

At this time, the input voltage (voltage drop of the resistor 28b) at the + terminal of the operational amplifier 14b is smaller than the input voltage (voltage drop of the resistor 13a) at the-terminal, so the operational amplifier 14
The output of b is held at low level. If the armature current is reduced by restoring the grip rotation on a flat road,
The voltage drop of the resistor 13a becomes small, and the operational amplifier 14a
Output becomes low level, and when the voltage drop of the resistor 13a becomes smaller than the voltage drop of the resistor 28b, the operational amplifier 14
The output of b becomes high level, and the flip-flop circuit 2
The output of 6 is inverted and the output of the Q terminal becomes low level.
Therefore, the actuator of the electromagnetic plunger 27 is restored and the motor 3
4 returns to normal. As will be understood from the above description, in the initial rotation of the grip 17b of FIG.
4 can be normally rotated to increase or decrease the output torque, and when the output torque is made larger than the set value, the output of the operational amplifier 14a is converted to a high level, so that the electric motor 34 is reversely rotated and the gear ratio is increased to climb a slope. You can As can be understood from the above description, there is an effect that the drive torque of the wheels of the electric bicycle can be automatically changed as needed. Instead of the changeover switches K and L, a well-known transistor bridge circuit can be used to perform forward / reverse rotation of the electric motor 34. The value of the resistor 28a may be zero, but may be determined by an actually measured value that gives a good driving feeling.

It is also possible to remove the control circuit including the operational amplifiers 14a and 14b and change the gear ratio by using the push button switch 31a. The push button switch 31a is provided in a part of the grip 17a shown in FIG. 8. When the push button switch 31a is pressed and held, electricity is applied to the electromagnetic plunger 27 from the + terminal 31 to switch the changeover switches K and L to reverse the electric motor 34. , When the push button switch 31a is released, the electric motor 34 rotates normally. Therefore, the gear ratio can be manually adjusted as needed, so that the object of the present invention can be achieved. As can be understood from the above-mentioned configuration, since there is a one-way clutch 42a and a one-way clutch mounted on the gear 43, when the bicycle is manually pushed to move backward, the gears of FIG. There is an inconvenience that 10 is locked and cannot move backward. A means for solving the above problems is shown in FIG. In FIG. 11, a lever 44 is attached to a support shaft 44b provided in a part of the vehicle body.
Is rotatably supported, and a support shaft 46b provided on the lever 44
A center over spring 46 is stretched over a support shaft 46a provided at a part of the vehicle body. The restraining members 47a and 47b are fixed to a part of the vehicle body. A pulley 45 is rotatably supported by a support shaft 44c at the right end of the lever 44, and the pulley 45 presses the belt 7a as shown in the figure to apply tension to the belt. 7
The pulley 25 is driven via a, and thus the rear wheels 10 are driven to move the bicycle forward. Manual lever 4
When the end portion 44a of No. 4 is pressed upward and rotated in the clockwise direction, the lever 44 pressed by the restraining member 47a provided on the vehicle body contacts the restraining member 47b provided on the vehicle body, and the spring 46 is broken by the dotted line 48. Direction, the lever 44 presses the restraining member 47b and stops and is held. At this time, since the pulley 45 is held apart from the belt 7a,
The tension disappears, and therefore the pulley 7b can rotate freely, so that the bicycle can be pushed back and forth by hand. Therefore, the above-mentioned inconvenient problems can be solved. When the lever 44 is manually rotated counterclockwise, the lever 44 returns, so that the pulley 45 moves to the belt 7a.
Can be pressed as shown in the drawing to apply tension to drive the motor.

The same purpose can be achieved by implementing the means for rotating the lever 44 in the manner described below. The center over spring 46 is removed and, instead, a spring for rotating the lever 44 in the direction indicated by the arrow 50, that is, the lever 44 in the counterclockwise direction is attached. Reference numeral 49 is a device having exactly the same structure as a conventional manual braking device provided on a handle, and when a grip is applied by hand and a pressing force is applied, a tension is applied to a wire 49a and a lever 44 rotates clockwise. . Therefore, the belt 7a is loosened and the bicycle can be manually moved back and forth. When the hand is released from the grip, the lever 44 returns to the position shown by the elastic force of the spring in the direction of arrow 50, so that the bicycle can be moved forward by the electric motor.

The same object can be achieved by means shown in FIG. 12 in addition to the means shown in FIG. 12, the pulley 7b fixed to the output rotary shaft 38a of FIG. 5 is removed, the metal disk 51 is fixed to the right end of the output rotary shaft 38a, and the sprocket 52 is loosely fitted to the rotary shaft 38a. Supported to slide. A spiral groove is provided at the right end of the output rotary shaft 38a as shown by a symbol 38c, and the disc 53 is screwed into the screw groove.
When the disc 53 is rotated via 53b, the disc 53 advances to the left and the sprocket 52 is pressed against the disc 51. Since the rubber plate 51a is bonded to the right side surface of the disc 51, the output rotating shaft 38a and the sprocket 52 rotate synchronously due to the frictional force.

The pulley 25 shown in FIG. 2 is removed, and instead, a sprocket having the same diameter is mounted, and a chain is hung between the sprocket and the sprocket 52. With the above configuration, the rear wheel 10 is driven by the rotation of the output rotary shaft 38a in FIG. 5, and the bicycle moves forward. The forward mode is exactly the same as in the previous embodiment. Figure 12 manually
When the disk 53 of is rotated and moved to the right, the sprocket 52 loosens and is converted into a mode in which the sprocket 52 slides with the output rotation shaft 38a, so that the bicycle can be manually moved forward and backward. To be achieved. Sprocket 52
The alternative selecting means for fixing or sliding the rotary shaft 38a can be used by means other than the above-mentioned embodiments.

As can be seen from the above description of each embodiment, the object of the present invention can be achieved. Although the above embodiment is for a two-wheeled vehicle, the present invention can be implemented by the same means even for a three-wheeled bicycle having two rear wheels. Especially for elderly bicycles, a three-wheeled bicycle is an effective means.

[0025]

As can be understood from the above description, it is possible to obtain means for traveling by using only the leg force of the petal, means for traveling by using an electric motor, and means for traveling both together. When each means is stopped, the vehicle can run by inertia. When traveling due to inertia,
By running inertially on level ground and downhill, the mileage can be increased by 2
There is a feature that can be doubled. The operation can be facilitated because it can be converted to the inertial traveling mode simply by releasing the hand from the grip 17b. The gear ratio can be changed by manually operating the electric switch. Further, since the gear ratio can be automatically changed by increasing or decreasing the output torque, the gear ratio can be automatically changed when traveling on a flat road and an uphill, so that the traveling speed can be easily controlled. There is an effect that the selecting means for alternation and combined use of the leg force and the torque by the electric motor and the inertial traveling are adapted to the natural movement of a human and the traveling by the electric bicycle can be easily performed. Since the stopped bicycle can be manually moved forward and backward, the direction of the stopped bicycle can be freely changed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the vicinity of the rear wheel hub.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a sprocket.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of the vicinity of a rear wheel and a saddle.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of an electric motor and its transmission.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of meshing of gears 41, 42, 43, 39, 40.

FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a motor energization control.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of a grip

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the internal structure of the grip.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration of protrusions 22a and 22b.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of tension control of the belt 7a.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory view of a control device for sliding the sprocket 52 and the output rotary shaft 38a.

[Explanation of symbols]

 24a, 24b, ..., 24e Frames 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b Foot pedals 4,7a Chain 24 Saddle 6a Luggage 6 Battery outer casing 9 Motor and transmission outer casings 6, 8, 52 Sprocket 10 Rear wheels 23a, 23b Spokes 5 Support shafts 5a, 42a One-way clutch 34 Three-phase coreless flat electric motor 12 In-vehicle storage battery 35 Transmissions 37a, 37b, 37, 37c Ball bearings 39, 40, 41, 42, 43 Gears 34a, 38a, 38b Rotating shafts 17a, 17b Grip 18 Handle arm 19 Housing 20 Slider 21a Sleeve 21 Rotating body 22a, 22b Projection 22 Spring K, L changeover switch 27 Electromagnetic plunger 29b, 30b Electric contact 29a, 30a Terminal 29 Leaf spring 7b, 25, 45, 7d Pulley 7a belt 44 Lever 46 Center over spring

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] February 21, 1994

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be amended] Claims

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[Claims]

[Procedure Amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Name of item to be corrected] 0003

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

[0003]

Means for Solving the Problem First Means A large sprocket driven by a foot petal, a small sprocket driving a rear wheel shaft via a one-way clutch, and the large sprocket and the small sprocket described above. In a bicycle equipped with a hung chain, a direct current stored in a vehicle-mounted storage battery housed in a first outer casing fixed to the vehicle body at a lower portion of a bicycle saddle and a second housing fixed to a side portion. A transmission driven by the electric motor and its output rotation shaft; a first pulley fixed to the output rotation shaft of the transmission; a second pulley provided on the rear wheel rotation shaft of the bicycle; With a drive device that drives the rear wheels in the forward direction of the bicycle by the belt that is hung between the second pulley and the first gear train that is driven by the output rotation shaft of the DC motor at the time of normal rotation, First
The output rotary shaft of the transmission is driven through the one-way clutch in the mode with a small gear ratio, and when the DC motor is rotated in reverse,
With the second gear train driven by its output rotary shaft,
A device for driving the output rotation shaft of the transmission in the same direction in a mode having a large gear ratio via the second one-way clutch, an on-vehicle storage battery for supplying power to the DC motor via an opening / closing electric switch, and an armature for the DC motor. A current detection device and a flywheel diode reversely connected in parallel to a series connection body of the device and a DC motor, and a reference voltage which is supplied from an onboard storage battery and changes corresponding to the input electric signal by changing the input electric signal. To compare the reference voltage with the detection voltage of the armature current detection device, and when the voltage of the latter exceeds the voltage of the former, the transistor inserted between the DC motor and the onboard storage battery is converted to non-conduction. , The chopper circuit that conducts the transistor when the armature current drops to a predetermined value, and the handle that is stored inside by manually turning the grip The input electric signal is changed to increase the reference voltage in response to the rotation, and when the hand is released from the grip, the device springs back to eliminate the reference voltage, the means for reversing the direct current motor, and the bicycle A lever rotatably supported by a support shaft provided on the vehicle body, a third pulley rotatably supported on the end of the lever, and a lever rotatably supported by a spring hung on the end of the lever. A third pulley laterally presses the belt to provide tension and When the torque of the second pulley can be transmitted, and the lever is manually rotated in the opposite direction by a predetermined angle, the pulley moves in the direction away from the belt, the tension of the belt is reduced, and the belt slides. ． And a device for stopping the torque transmission between the second pulleys. Second Means In a bicycle provided with a large sprocket driven by a foot pedal, a small sprocket driving a rear wheel shaft via a one-way clutch, and a chain hung between the large sprocket and the small sprocket described above. ,
At the bottom of the bicycle saddle, the first fixed to the body
Of the vehicle-mounted storage battery housed in the outer casing, the DC motor housed in the second outer casing fixed to the side, and the transmission driven by the output rotation shaft thereof, and the output rotation shaft of the transmission being loosely fitted. First sprocket, a selection means for manually fixing or loosely fitting the first sprocket to the output rotary shaft, a second sprocket fixed to the rear wheel rotary shaft of the bicycle, and a first sprocket. When the sprocket is fixed to the output rotary shaft, the first. By the drive device that drives the rear wheels in the forward direction of the bicycle by the chain that is hung between the second sprocket and the first gear train that is driven by the output rotation shaft of the DC motor at the time of normal rotation, The output rotation shaft of the transmission is driven through the first one-way clutch in a mode having a small gear ratio, and when the DC motor is rotated in the reverse direction, the second gear train driven by the output rotation shaft drives the second rotation shaft. A device that drives the output rotation shaft of the transmission in the same direction in a mode with a large gear ratio via a directional clutch, an on-board storage battery that supplies power via an opening / closing electric switch of the DC motor, an armature current detection device for the DC motor, and The flywheel diode reversely connected in parallel to the series connection body of the device and the DC motor, and the in-vehicle storage battery supplies power, and the input electric signal is changed to respond to this. The reference voltage and the detection voltage of the armature current detection device are compared with the electric circuit that obtains the reference voltage to be converted, and if the voltage of the latter exceeds the voltage of the former, the transistor inserted between the DC motor and the onboard battery is installed. When the armature current is converted to non-conductivity and the armature current drops to a predetermined value, the input electric signal stored inside is changed by manually turning the chopper circuit for conducting the transistor and the handle grip. It is composed of a device that increases the reference voltage in response to the movement, and springs back when the hand is released from the grip so that the reference voltage disappears, and a means that reverses the DC motor.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A large sprocket driven by a foot pedal, a small sprocket driving a rear wheel shaft through a one-way clutch, and a chain hung between the large sprocket and the small sprocket. In a bicycle, a vehicle-mounted storage battery housed in a first outer casing fixed to the vehicle body at a side portion of a lower portion of a saddle of the bicycle, a DC motor housed in a second outer casing fixed to the side portion, and its output rotation Between the transmission driven by the shaft, the first pulley fixed to the output rotation shaft of the transmission, the second pulley provided on the rear wheel rotation shaft of the bicycle, and the first and second pulleys. The drive device that drives the rear wheels in the direction of moving the bicycle forward by the belt that is hung on the bicycle, and the first gear that is driven by the output rotation shaft of the DC motor when the DC motor rotates in the normal direction, the first one-way clutch. Drive the output rotary shaft of the transmission in a mode with a small gear ratio, and when the DC motor rotates in the reverse direction, the second gear train driven by the output rotary shaft shifts the gear through the second one-way clutch. A device that drives the output rotation shaft of the transmission in the same direction in a high ratio mode, an on-vehicle storage battery that supplies power to the DC motor via an opening / closing electric switch, an armature current detection device for the DC motor, and the device and the DC motor. A flywheel diode reversely connected in parallel to the series connection body, and an electric circuit that is supplied from an onboard storage battery and changes the resistance value of the variable resistor to obtain a reference voltage that changes correspondingly, and a reference voltage. And the detection voltage of the armature current detection device are compared, and when the voltage of the latter exceeds the voltage of the former, the transistor inserted between the DC motor and the onboard storage battery is converted to non-conduction. When the armature current drops to a predetermined value, the chopper circuit that makes the transistor conductive, and the variable resistance housed inside is changed by manually turning the grip of the handle to change the reference according to the turning. A device that increases the voltage and springs back when the hand is released from the grip to eliminate the reference voltage, a means that reverses the direct current motor, and a lever that is rotatably supported by a spindle provided on the body of the bicycle. A third pulley rotatably supported at its end and a spring hung at the end of the lever rotate the lever, and the third pulley laterally presses the belt to provide tension. Then, torque transmission of the first and second pulleys is enabled, and when the lever is manually rotated by a predetermined angle in the opposite direction, the pulley moves in the direction away from the belt, An electric bicycle comprising: a device for reducing the tension of the belt to cause the belt to slide to stop the torque transmission between the first and second pulleys. 2. A bicycle having a large sprocket driven by a foot pedal, a small sprocket driving a rear wheel shaft via a one-way clutch, and a chain hung between the large sprocket and the small sprocket. At
Driven by a vehicle-mounted storage battery housed in a first outer casing fixed to the vehicle body at the lower side of the saddle of the bicycle, a DC motor housed in a second outer casing fixed to the side, and its output rotary shaft And a first sprocket loosely fitted to the output rotation shaft of the transmission, and an alternative selection means for manually fixing or loosely fitting the first sprocket to the output rotation shaft. A direction in which the bicycle is advanced by a chain that is hung between the second sprocket fixed to the rear wheel rotation shaft and the first and second sprockets when the first sprocket is fixed to the output rotation shaft. The drive device for driving the rear wheels and the first gear train driven by the output rotation shaft of the DC motor at the time of normal rotation of the DC motor are operated by the first one-way clutch in a mode having a small gear ratio. When the DC motor is rotated in the reverse direction, the second gear train driven by the output rotation shaft drives the output rotation shaft of the transmission in a mode in which the gear ratio is large through the second one-way clutch. For driving the same in the same direction, a vehicle-mounted storage battery that supplies power to the DC motor via an opening / closing electric switch, a armature current detection device for the DC motor, and a fly connected in reverse to the series connection body of the device and the DC motor in parallel. Compare the reference voltage and the detection voltage of the armature current detection device with an electric circuit that is supplied from the wheel diode and the onboard storage battery and changes the resistance value of the variable resistor to obtain the reference voltage that changes correspondingly. When the voltage of the latter exceeds the voltage of the former, the transistor inserted between the DC motor and the onboard storage battery is turned into non-conduction, and when the armature current drops to a predetermined value, Transistor changes the variable resistor described above, which is housed inside by rotating manually the grip of the chopper circuit a handle allowed to conduct, made to increase the reference voltage in response to the rotation,
An electric bicycle comprising: a device for springing back when the hand is released from the grip to eliminate the reference voltage; and a device for reversing the direct-current motor.