JPH0799255B2 - Incinerator - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an incinerator for refuse and other waste.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 1, in general, incinerators have a furnace wall which is vertical over the entire circumference and has an inlet for incineration at the upper end or the upper end side portion. Further, an air blowing hole is often provided at the lower end of the furnace wall, and the blowing hole is often formed horizontally.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

When the conventional incinerator has a structure in which the furnace wall is erected vertically over the entire circumference as described above, when the incinerator is put into the furnace,
The incinerator becomes dense in quantity in the middle position of the furnace, whereas it becomes coarse in the position along the furnace wall, and the air flow is good in the rough part, so Burned efficiently in the area close to, the combustion in the middle was bad, and the incineration efficiency was poor because unburned material remained in the middle.

Also, if the combustion heat is high due to the fact that the incinerated material is extremely easy to burn, etc., the ash melts due to high temperature combustion, and it becomes difficult to take out due to the fact that it is solidified when removing the residue, Further, there is a problem that the furnace wall and the furnace floor are melted and damaged, and the repair of the furnace increases.

In view of the above situation, the present invention can burn incinerators evenly, and even if the temperature inside the furnace becomes high, the ash melts or the furnace wall melts and is damaged. The purpose is to provide a unique incinerator.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention forms a front side wall of a furnace with a front slope that increases as it goes forward, and forms a rear side wall of the furnace with a standing lower half wall and an upper half wall that slopes forward.
Further, at the upper end of the front side wall, the combustion gas rising along the slope of the front side wall is exhausted in a hollow cylinder shape, so that a combustion material input port that also serves as an intake port for the combustion air flowing down along the rear side wall is provided. It was installed diagonally sideways, and at the lower end of the front side wall, a blow-in hole for auxiliary air intake was provided in a downward blow-inclination, and a cooling medium flow passage was provided under the hearth to construct an incinerator. ..

[Action]

According to the above configuration, since the inlet is diagonally sideways,
Air is more easily sucked than when the air is directed straight up, and since the suction air is guided by the inclined surface of the upper half wall of the rear side wall, the suction air descends along the rear side wall.

Then, when the incinerated matter is introduced from the charging port, it falls along the slope of the front side wall and is piled up along the slope, and the load of the incinerated matter leans on the front side wall, so that the incinerated matter is the first in the furnace. As shown in FIG. 2, the front part is dense and the rear part is rough, and a small gap is generated between the front side wall and the incinerated material.

Therefore, when the incinerated matter is burned, the combustion gas in the front part raises the combustion gas along the slope of the front side wall and is discharged from the charging port, while the combustion gas is discharged in the rear part. Due to the suction action accompanying with, the air (oxygen) is sucked from the input port and burns the incinerated matter while descending, and the air reaching the lower end turns to rise and rises along the slope of the front side wall to remove the incinerated matter. To burn.

Therefore, in an incinerator having such a structure, unlike in the case of forced air blowing, air suction and convection occur in proportion to the heat corresponding to the combustion of the incineration product in the furnace. , Only the air required for combustion reacts. Therefore, it becomes an extremely high temperature combustion at an accelerating rate, and if it is left as it is, not only melting of ash but also melting of the hearth may occur, but since the hearth is cooled by the circulation of the refrigerant, these The melting phenomenon can be prevented.

Even if only the hearth is cooled, the rising gas is cooled, so melting of the front side wall can be prevented at the same time. However, for safety, it is desirable to provide a cooling device also on the front side wall.

On the other hand, since a natural flow due to thermal power causes a suction phenomenon of air from the charging port, blowing air from the air blowing hole is not always necessary after combustion is naturally performed. When the combustion is particularly bad due to the quality of the incineration material, the combustion efficiency can be increased by switching the natural flow to the forced flow.

Next, the relationship between the blow hole and the front side wall will be described with reference to FIG. 3. Since the blow hole is inclined downward, when the air is blown from the blow hole with force, the air hits the hearth and the side wall on the opposite side and is inverted. An airflow is generated, and the reversal airflow rises in the incineration product along the slope of the front side wall in the dense front part ([I] zone) of the incineration product, and particularly in the gap between the incineration product and the front side wall. By doing so, the incineration is burned rapidly, and the same condition as in the coarse [II] zone can be expected.

According to this, the air can be blown from the portion that is difficult to burn, so that the burning can be performed on average. If this is blown in from the opposite side, the [I] zone remains and the [II] zone is emptied, resulting in unused air and lowering combustion efficiency.

In addition, since it is desirable that the air spreads over the incineration evenly,
The air injection hole is provided in the center of the width of the furnace to maximize the combustion efficiency. If the width of the furnace is wide, a plurality of blow holes are provided at intervals.

The inclination angle α of the front wall is preferably up to 30 ° with respect to the horizontal line (as shown in FIG. 4), and if the inclination is less than 30 °, the convection phenomenon hardly occurs.

Further, the downward inclination angle β of the blow hole is preferably 80 ° from the horizontal line, and if the inclination angle is steeper than that, the inversion phenomenon of air is unlikely to occur.

Further, the rear side wall opposite to the front side wall is also inclined, but the angle is preferably about 30 ° at the front and the rear with respect to the vertical line.

Further, an advantage of the structure of the incinerator according to the present invention is that the inside of the furnace is divided into several functions as shown in FIG.

〔Example〕

 Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 6 shows an embodiment, and the incinerator is composed of a front side wall 1, a rear side wall 2, left and right side walls 3, 3 and a hearth 4, and has an incinerator inlet 5 at the upper end. .

The front side wall 1 is inclined forward and an air blowing hole 6 is formed obliquely toward the hearth 4 at a lower end portion thereof.

The rear side wall 2 includes a standing lower half wall 2a and an upper half wall 2b inclined forward.
And the upper half wall 2b is formed with an inclination angle slightly larger than that of the front side wall 1.

Collar portions 10 and 11 that horizontally project forward are formed at the upper ends of the front side wall 1 and the rear side wall 2, and the tip ends of both the flange portions 10 and 11 are formed into slopes of the same angle so that the lid of the inlet 5 can easily hit. Has been formed.

The charging port 5 is located above the inclined surface of the front side wall 1 and is formed at an obliquely horizontal charging angle. Then, when the incinerated matter is thrown in through the charging port 5, the incinerated matter slides down along the slope of the front side wall 1 and leans on the front side wall 1 to be piled up. As a result, the front part becomes dense and the rear part becomes rough.

Further, since the charging port 5 is obliquely laterally oriented, air is more easily sucked in than when the charging port 5 is directly upward, and the rear side wall 2 is also provided.
Since the suction air is guided by the inclined surface of the upper half wall 2b, the suction air descends along the rear side wall 2.

The hearth 4 is formed in a hollow shape by an iron plate, and a cold water flow passage 12 is provided in the inside thereof.

FIG. 7 shows another example of the hearth floor 4, in which the ridges 14, 14, ...
By placing the iron plate 15 on 4, 14, ...
An air passage 12 is provided between the four.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the present invention, the front side wall of the furnace is formed to have a forward slope that becomes higher as it goes forward, and the rear side wall of the furnace is formed by the standing lower half wall and the upper half wall that slopes forward, and At the upper end of the front side wall, the combustion gas that rises along the slope of the front side wall is discharged like a cylinder so that the combustion material inlet, which also serves as an inlet for the combustion air flowing down along the rear side wall, is slanted. With this structure installed horizontally, the incinerated matter is densely accumulated in the front part and the rear part becomes rough, so that air is sucked from the inlet to the rear and rises in the front and is discharged from the convection phenomenon. When this occurs, there is an excellent effect that the incineration material burns uniformly due to the natural convection and the efficiency is very good.

In addition, since the inlet is diagonally sideways, air is more easily sucked in than when it is right above, and because the suction air is guided by the inclined surface of the upper half wall of the rear wall, the suction air is Descend along.

Further, since the combustion efficiency is good, the hearth is cooled even when the temperature becomes high, so that it is possible to prevent inconveniences that the ash is melted and it is difficult to take out the residue, and the furnace is melted and damaged.

In some cases, in order to perform the combustion more reliably, it may be intentionally accompanied by melting of the combusted material, but even then, in the incinerator of the present invention, from the structure of the furnace, It is equipped with sufficient conditions for melting, and rather, melting and slagging the residue can be made much easier than other conventional incinerators.

Further, if necessary, by blowing air from the air blowing hole, the natural flow can be switched to the forced flow to improve the combustion speed.

Also, if the incinerator of the present invention is installed at the end of a series of incinerator systems for industrial waste, for example, it is possible to completely prevent the generation of unburned substances, and in addition, it is possible to melt it. It is possible, and by melting this residue, it is possible to make the residue harmless, and it also helps to reduce the amount of the residue.
It also has excellent effects.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional example. 2 to 5 are explanatory views of the present invention, of which FIG. 2, FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 are explanatory views of the function of the furnace, and FIG.
The figure is an explanatory view of the front wall of the furnace and the blowing hole. FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the furnace of the present invention as seen from the side,
The figure is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the hearth. 1 ... Front side wall, 2 ... Rear side wall, 4 ... Hearth, 5 ... Input port, 6 ... Injection hole, 12 ... Refrigerant flow passage

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A front side wall of the furnace is formed to have a front slope that becomes higher as it goes forward, and a rear side wall of the furnace is formed by a standing lower half wall and an upper half wall that slopes forward, and at the upper end of the front side wall. , The combustion gas rising along the slope of the front side wall is discharged in a tubular shape, so that a combustion material inlet, which also serves as an inlet for the combustion air flowing down along the rear side wall, is provided obliquely sideways,
An incinerator characterized in that a blow hole for supplementarily taking in air is provided at a lower end of the front side wall at a downward blow slope, and a refrigerant flow passage is provided under the furnace floor for cooling.