JPH08137471A - Envelope controller for tone signals - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] (Correction) [Purpose] To properly control the envelope speed of the musical tone signal generated in response to an increase or decrease in the polyphony. [Structure] The number of channels ONn for note-on is counted (step 450), a coefficient EL corresponding to the tone range of the key for note-on or note-off is calculated (step 500), and it is determined according to the note-on count value ONn. The obtained control coefficient AL is corrected by the coefficient EL and the correction constant DK obtained according to the on / off state of the damper pedal (step 5).
50). The envelope speed SP is corrected by the corrected control coefficient AL (step 600). As a result, the rise time or the decay time of the musical tone to be sounded is properly corrected according to the change in the number of keys to be sounded, the tone range, and the number of simultaneous sounds that are determined by the on / off state of the damper pedal.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tone signal envelope control device for controlling the speed of envelope change of each tone in accordance with the number of tones produced simultaneously.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Electronic musical instruments using digital sound sources in recent years are
Some are capable of producing multiple tones at the same time. This is to generate musical tone signals generated by using digital data one by one in a multi-channel time division method, accumulate and synthesize these digital musical tone signals, and convert them into analog signals with a DA converter. It is pronounced from the sound system.

[0003]

However, in an electronic musical instrument equipped with the above digital tone generator system, for example, an electronic piano, when playing a song having a large number of simultaneous sounds,
Since each tone is mixed, the clarity of the tone is lowered. As one of means for solving this, it is considered that the decay speed or release speed (decay time) of each musical sound is uniformly shortened so that each musical sound decays quickly after being sounded.

However, if the decay time of each musical tone is shortened uniformly in this way, it is preferable when the number of polyphonic sounds is large.
When playing a quiet song with a small number of polyphony, only a single note is sounded for a long period of time, and the sound of this single note is quickly attenuated, resulting in an unnatural sound.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to shorten the decay time or rise time of each musical tone when the number of simultaneous polyphonies is large so that each musical tone can be reproduced. When the number of polyphony is low, the decay time or rise time of each tone is set to a length that does not make it unnatural even when pronounced as a single tone, so that natural tones can be produced without discomfort. Especially.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention, as shown in FIG.
1, envelope speed factor detection means M2, envelope speed correction means M3, and tone generation instruction means M
4 and.

The tone signal generation means M1 generates and outputs tone signals of a plurality of channels CH1 to CHn in accordance with the instructions of the tone generation instruction means M4. The envelope speed factor detecting means M2 detects determinants of the envelope speed, such as the polyphony number or information relating to the increase / decrease of the polyphony number. Based on this factor, the envelope speed correction means M3 accelerates the rise or decay of the tone signal when the polyphony number increases, and sets the rise time or decay time of the tone signal to an appropriate length when the polyphony number decreases. Modify so that

[0008]

As a result, the envelope speed (attenuation time) of the musical tone signal is properly controlled according to the increase / decrease in the number of simultaneous sounds. Therefore, when the number of polyphony is large, it is possible to prevent the musical sounds from being mixed with each other and to reduce the intelligibility of the musical sound. When the number of polyphony is small, the rise time or the decay time of the musical sound is not unnatural. Can be set to the desired level, and natural musical tones can be produced without any discomfort.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The embodiments described below are examples in which the present invention is applied to an electronic musical instrument that produces a sound generated by an acoustic piano or another musical instrument by using a digital sound source.

1. Overall Circuit FIG. 2 shows the overall circuit of the electronic musical instrument. Each key of the keyboard 1 is used to perform sound production / silence operation. The key scan circuit 2 scans the keyboard 1 and sends data representing key-on and key-off to the CPU 5. This key on,
The key-off scan data is stored in RAM by the CPU 5.
Written in 6. Then, the CPU 5 compares the data stored in the RAM 6 with the data indicating the on / off state of each key, and determines the on event and off event of each key. The key scan circuit 2
Detects the touch when the key is on or off,
This touch data is sent to the CPU 5. The keyboard 1 can be replaced with a string instrument (such as a violin), a wind instrument (such as a flute), a percussion instrument (such as a cymbal), or a computer keyboard.

The panel switch group 3 includes a power switch,
Various switches such as a mode designation switch, a melody selection switch, a rhythm selection switch, and a tone color selection switch (not shown) are provided. The set / reset state of these switches is detected by the panel scan circuit 4,
This scan data is sent to the CPU 5 and written in the RAM 6. Then, by the CPU 5, RA until then
The data indicating the set / reset state of each switch stored in M6 is compared to determine the on-event / off-event of each switch.

The RAM 6 stores various data processed by the CPU 5 and various data necessary for the processing. ROM
7 stores a program executed by the CPU 5 according to a flowchart described later and a program corresponding to other processing. The CPU 5 may perform the processing of FIGS. 5 and 6, and the CPU (not shown) in the tone generator 11 may perform the processing of FIGS.

A tone generator (also called DCO) 11 as a digital sound source generates digital tone signals for a plurality of channels by time division processing. The frequency number accumulator 12 instructs the musical tone waveform memory 13 to read out the musical tone waveform data MW which has been instructed to sound. The CPU 5 sends the key number data KN and the tone number data TN to the frequency number accumulator 12, the frequency number data FN corresponding to the key number data KN is accumulated in a time division manner, and the accumulated numbers are accumulated. The arithmetic frequency number data FNA is time-divisionally supplied to the tone waveform memory 13 as read address data. The tone number data TN is sent to the frequency number accumulator 12 by the CPU 5, converted into bank data BK, and supplied to the tone waveform memory 13 as upper read address data. The lower read address data is the accumulated frequency number data FNA.

The musical tone waveform memory 13 stores a plurality of musical tone waveform data MW. Each tone waveform data MW
Are read out in a time division manner based on the accumulated frequency number data FNA. The selection of each tone waveform data MW is performed based on the tone number data TN. The musical tone waveform data MW includes piano, violin, flute,
It is sampling data of waveforms of a plurality of types of instrument sounds such as marimba.

The envelope generator 14 has a CPU and a DSP, and determines the envelope of a musical tone to be generated. This envelope generator 14 has a CP
The tone number data TN is sent by U5, and an envelope level EN corresponding to the tone number data TN is generated in a time division manner.

The tone waveform data MW from the tone waveform memory 13 and the envelope level data EN are multiplied by the multiplier 1.
The tone data of all the channels are accumulated in the accumulator 17 and accumulated in the accumulator 17, passed through the digital filter 18, and converted into an analog signal by the DA converter 19. DA converter 19
The analog output of is converted into audible sound by the sound system 20.

The pedal 10 includes a damper pedal, a soft pedal, a sonut pedal, etc. (none of which are shown).
Operation information of the pedal 10 is detected by the pedal sensor 9, and this operation data is sent to the CPU 5 and written in the RAM 6.

As shown in FIG. 3, the assignment memory 8 has a plurality of channels CH1 to CHn (for example, 16 channels).
The memory area of the channel) is formed.
In these memory areas, key number data KN, key on / key off data, tone number data TN (tone data), touch data, envelope level EN /
Data related to musical tones such as phase data FZ is stored for each channel.

The key-on / key-off data indicates whether the musical sound to which the channel is assigned is key-on or sounding, key-off or muting. The envelope phase data FZ indicates attack, decay, and release of the envelope of the sounded tone. The assignment memory 8 may be provided in the tone generator 11.

2. Register Group FIG. 4 shows the register group of the RAM 6 and the envelope memory 1.
5 shows a data table of No. 5. The register 30 stores a damper pedal ON flag DF for indicating the operation state of the damper pedal. The register 31 stores a correction constant DK for correcting the envelope of the musical sound generated in response to the operation of the damper pedal. The correction constant DK is a predetermined value, is determined according to the envelope speed determining factor according to the operation of the damper pedal, and is set in step 100 described later. The register 32 stores a note-on count value ONn indicating the number of key presses (note-on). In the registers 33-1 to 33-n, tone range distribution coefficients EL1 to ELn determined according to tone ranges of the musical tones generated in the channels CH1 to CHn are stored. These tone range distribution coefficients EL1 to ELn are used to correct the envelope of a musical tone to be sounded. Registers 34-1 to 34-n have channels CH1 to C, respectively.
The control coefficients AL1 to ALn for controlling the decay speed of the musical sound produced by Hn are stored. Register 35
The corrected decay speeds SP1 to SPn of the respective channels are stored in -1 to 35-n. The register 36 stores channel number data n used in note-on count processing and the like, which will be described later.

The data table 40 stores target level data TL and speed data SP for each phase of attack, decay and release, and for each musical factor. The target level data TL is the reaching level of the envelope level set for each phase, and the speed data is data that determines the speed at which the envelope level reaches the target level.

The musical factors are pitch, range, kind of tone, touch amount, effect (reverb, echo,
Glide, portamento, etc.) and / or size, sound image position, rhythm type, performance part, (melody, chord, bass, background, rhythm) type, modulation amount, envelope level, envelope speed, elapsed sound time , Volume, number of sounds, quantize amount, tempo size, filter characteristic data, and the like.

3. Overall Process FIG. 5 is a flowchart of the overall process executed by the CPU 5. This process starts when the power is turned on, and the CPU 5, the RAM 6, the assignment memory 8, the tone generator 11, etc. are initialized (step 100). And panel event processing (step 20)
0), pedal event processing (step 300), and musical tone generation processing (step 400) are repeatedly executed.

Other processes SJ are key-on event process and key-off event process, channel assignment process, effect process such as reverberation sound generation process and resonance sound generation process according to operation of the pedal 10, automatic performance process, MIDI.
This is processing of additional functions such as data transmission / reception processing. An example of the reverberation sound generation process is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 6-38608, and an example of the resonance sound generation process is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 5-137863.

When the tone of the key for which there is a key-on event is sounded, its envelope is attacked, decayed,
Although the sound is changed in the order of release to be muted, the reverberation sound and the resonance sound of the musical sound of the key having the key-on event are generated by the reverberation sound generation processing and the resonance sound generation processing. Therefore,
The number of simultaneous sounds is increased by the generation processing of the musical tone of the key having the key-on event and the generation processing of the reverberation sound and the resonance sound. Further, since the reverberation sound is often generated even after the key-off event, even if the number of pressed keys decreases due to the key-off, the number of simultaneous sounds may exceed the number of pressed keys.
The key-on event and the key-off event are based on not only the operation 12 of the keyboard 1 but also the reproduced automatic performance data and the data from another device sent from the MIDI system.

In the panel event process (step 200), the CPU 5 determines the set / reset state of each switch of the panel switch group 3 based on the scan data sent from the panel scan circuit 4, and applies the determination based on this determination. The lighting and display of the LEDs are changed.

[0027] 4. Pedal Event Processing FIG. 6 is a flowchart of the pedal event processing (step 300). Steps 302 to 310 are damper pedal processing for storing the on / off state of the damper pedal. The CPU 5 determines the on event / off event of the damper pedal based on the operation data of the pedal 10 sent from the pedal sensor 9 (steps 302 and 30).
6). Damper pedal on flag DF at on event
Is set (step 304), and the damper pedal on flag DF is reset at the off event (step 30).
8). The damper pedal on flag DF is a flag for storing the on / off state of the damper pedal, and is stored in the RAM 6. At the time of the off-event, the mute processing of the musical sound extended while the damper pedal is depressed is performed (step 310). In this mute processing, sound generation is stopped by clearing the channel in the assignment memory 8 that is currently keyed off and is sounding.

In the other pedal processing (step 312), for example, a flag is set / reset according to an on event / off event of a soft pedal or a sostenuto pedal, or the volume of a musical sound to be generated according to the amount of pedal depression is set. The value of the parameter to be changed is determined.

5. Musical Sound Generation Process FIG. 7 is a flowchart of the musical sound generation process (step 400) executed by the CPU 5. This process
The generation of tone signals of a plurality of channels is executed sequentially or in time division. Therefore, the channels are switched at an indefinite cycle or a constant cycle, and the following processing is repeatedly executed for each channel. In this process, a note-on count process for determining the number of keys to be pressed (step 450) and a tone range distribution determination process for obtaining a coefficient corresponding to the tone range of a tone having a key-on event or a key-off event (step 500).
And a control coefficient calculation process (step 550) for obtaining a coefficient for controlling the decay speed, and an envelope data formation process (step 600) for forming an envelope of a musical tone to be sounded are sequentially executed to determine the number of simultaneous sounds. The decay speed of the musical sound to be pronounced is increased or decreased according to the increase or decrease. Then, the envelope data EN formed in step 600 is multiplied by the tone waveform data MW read from the tone waveform memory 13 (steps 650 and 66).
0), and outputs the musical tone waveform data MW after this calculation to the accumulator 17 (step 670). Then, the processing of these steps 450 to 670 is repeated for all channels (steps 405, 680, 685, 690).

The musical tones produced by the sound system 20 are polyphonic, and when a plurality of musical tones are produced at the same time, the assignment memory 8 has a plurality of channels storing key-on or data being produced. . The CPU 5 and the tone generator 11 execute the tone generation processing (step 400) for each channel CH1 to CHn one by one at regular intervals. As a result, the tone waveform data MW is time-divisionally formed for the tone to which the key-on or sounding channel is assigned, and the tone waveform data MW is serially output to the accumulator 17. A plurality of channels of musical tone waveform data MW serially input by the accumulator 17 are accumulated to form synthetic data. This combined data is converted into digital filter 18 and DA converter 19
Via the sound system 20.

[0031] 6. Note-on Count Process FIG. 8 shows the note-on count process (step 45 in FIG. 7).
It is a flowchart of (0). First, the CPU 5 clears the note-on count value data ONn in the register 32 (step 452). Then, the channel number data n is reset to "1" (step 45).
4). Next, it is determined whether or not the key-on data is stored in the first channel memory area CH1 of the assignment memory 8 (step 456). If the key-on data is stored, the note-on count value data ONn is stored. "1" is added (step 458).

Then, the channel number data n is incremented by "1" (step 462), and thereafter, the same processing (steps 456 and 458) is performed on the channels 2 to 16 CH2 to CH16, and then the next processing is performed. (Step 460). In this way, 1-16
The number of depressed keys can be obtained by counting the number of channels in which the key-on data is stored. The note-on count value ONn indicating the number of pressed keys is stored in the register 32.

The note-on count process of step 450 is executed for each tone generation process of each channel (step 400), but may be performed only once for all tone generation processes of all channels (step 400). Alternatively, it may be performed only on the even channels or the odd channels. Further, the note-on count value ONn may be corrected by addition and multiplication according to the number of reverberation sounds and the number of resonance sounds when the reverberation sound generation processing and the resonance sound generation processing are performed.

7. Range Distribution Coefficient Processing FIG. 9 is a flowchart of the range distribution determination processing (step 500) in FIG. First, the m-channel memory area CHm in which the CPU 5 is performing time division processing
Whether key-on data is stored in the assignment memory 8 for (m = 1 to n) (step 502),
Is key-off data stored (step 506)
Is determined. If it is a key-on event, the key number data KN of the tone of the m channel CHm for which this key-on event occurred is read from the assignment memory 8 (step 504). If it is a key-off event, the key number data KN of the tone of the m channel CHm for which this key-off event occurred is read from the assignment memory 8 (step 508).

Then, the tone range distribution coefficient data EL corresponding to the key number data KN is obtained from the data table 50 (step 510). This data table 5
0 is stored in the RAM 6 and, for example, data showing characteristics as shown in FIG. 10 is stored. That is, in the bass range where the key number KN is small, the range distribution coefficient E
The characteristic is such that the larger the L and the larger the key number KN, that is, the higher the pitch, the smaller the range distribution coefficient EL.

The acoustic piano has thick and long strings in the low tone range and thin and short strings in the high tone range. For this reason,
Since the low-pitched tone has a long decay time, the tone often becomes unclear when the number of polyphony is large. On the other hand, since the high tone musical sound has a shorter decay time than the low tone musical sound, the musical tone is less obscured even when the number of polyphonic sounds is large. As described above, the data table 50 of FIG. 10 is determined in consideration of the fact that the decay time of the piano sound varies depending on the depressed key range. That is, the range distribution coefficient EL has a large value in order to greatly increase the decay speed SP and shorten the decay time of the musical sound in the low tone range, and suppresses the increase amount of the decay speed SP in the high tone range to eliminate the decay time. The range distribution coefficient EL has a small value so as not to become too short.

The range distribution coefficient EL of FIG. 10 is
The shape is not limited to that shown in FIG. 10, and any shape such as a step shape, a V-shape, a U-shape, an M-shape, a W-shape, an N-shape, an S-shape, and a double mountain shape may be used. The distribution coefficient EL may be determined according to the octave code, tone number TN, touch data, effect data, sounding elapsed time, and performance part, in addition to the high tone (key number data KN). Further, the range distribution coefficient EL may be calculated by adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing the key number KN and the like, and calculating based on a calculation formula.

As described above, the range distribution coefficient data ELm corresponding to the key number data KN of the m channel CHm.
Is calculated from the data table 50, the calculated range distribution coefficient data ELm is stored in the registers 33-1 to 33-3.
It is stored in the register 33-m of the m channel of 3-n. Registers 33-1 to 33- (m-1), 33- (m + 1) to other than the m-channel register 33-m
33-n stores the tone range distribution coefficient data EL for the musical tones of the respective channels for which the musical tone generation processing (step 400) is sequentially or time-divisionally switched and executed. .

If it is neither a key-on event nor a key-off event, this range distribution discrimination processing (step 500) is not performed. Therefore, when the key is on, the range distribution coefficient ELm obtained in step 510 at the time of the key on event is used in the next control coefficient calculation process (step 550). Of course, this process (step 500) may be performed during key-on and key-off.

8. Control Coefficient Calculation Processing FIG. 11 shows the control coefficient calculation processing in FIG. 7 (step 550).
It is a flowchart of FIG. First, regarding the m channel CHm for which the time division processing is being performed by the CPU 5,
It is determined whether key-on data is stored in the assignment memory 8 (step 552) or key-off data is stored (step 562). If the key is on, the note-on count process described above (step 4
The note-on count value data ONn obtained in 50) is read from the register 32 (step 554).

Then, the control coefficient data AL corresponding to the note-on count value data ONn is obtained from the data table 60 (step 556). The data table 60 is stored in the RAM 6 and stores, for example, data showing characteristics as shown in FIG.
That is, the characteristic is that the control coefficient AL increases to "1" or more when the note-on count value ONn exceeds the constant value K.

The note-on count value ONn is data indicating the number of pressed keys, and since the musical tones of the keys being note-on are simultaneously produced, this note-on count value ONn.
Is the number of polyphonic sounds excluding the number of sound effects such as reverberation and resonance. Of course, the number of reverberations and the like may be included.

When the number of simultaneous pronunciations exceeds a certain number, the musical tones produced by the sound system 20 begin to become unclear. Therefore, the note-on count value ONn when this musical sound starts to become unclear is set to K. When the note-on count value ONn exceeds a certain number K, the control coefficient AL is determined so that the decay speed SP is increased and the decay time is shortened so that the musical sound is not obscured. Note that the control coefficient AL may be obtained by adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing the note-on count value ONn or using an arithmetic expression based on an arithmetic expression.

The m-channel control coefficient ALm thus obtained is stored in the m-channel register 34-m. Registers 34-1 to 34- (m-1), 34- (m +) other than the register 34-m of this m channel
1) to 34-n, musical tone generation processing (step 400)
Is executed sequentially or in a time-divisional manner by switching channels, whereby the control coefficient AL for the musical sound of each channel being processed is stored.

When the control coefficient ALm is obtained, the m-range range distribution coefficient data ELm is then stored in the register 33-.
read from m (step 558) and the control coefficient ALm
(Step 560). This is the control coefficient A
This is because Lm is a coefficient determined according to the note-on count value ONn, that is, the number of keys that are on the note-on, and further, this coefficient is corrected according to the range of the key having the key-on event. As a result, the control coefficient ALm is increased based on the increase in the number of keys pressed due to the key-on of the m channel CHm and the increase in the number of sounds generated by the musical range. The control coefficient ALm after this correction is
It is again stored in the m-channel register 34-m.

On the other hand, when the key of the m channel CHm is in the key-off state (step 562), the note-on count value data ONn is read from the register 32 (step 564) and the control corresponding to this note-on count value data ONn is performed. The coefficient data ALm is obtained from the data table 60 (step 566). Furthermore, m
The range distribution coefficient data ELm of the channel is stored in the register 33.
Read from -m (step 568), control coefficient AL
It is subtracted from m (step 570). by this,
Since the key of the m-channel CHm is keyed off, the number of polyphony is decreased, and when the key is off, m
The control coefficient ALm is reduced based on the fact that the key of the channel shifts to the release phase and the amplitude of the musical tone signal decreases. The corrected control coefficient ALm is stored again in the m-channel register 34-m.

Although the number of key presses is reduced by the key-off event of the key of the m channel CHm, in consideration of the case of the key-on event of another key, steps 564 and 56.
In 6, the newly obtained note-on count value data O
The control coefficient ALm corresponding to Nn is obtained.

As described above, the control coefficient ALm that is added / subtracted in accordance with the key-on / key-off is further increased / decreased according to the on / off of the damper pedal. Step 56
Next to 0 and 570, the CPU 5 reads the damper pedal on flag DF from the register 30 and determines whether the damper pedal on flag DF is set or reset (steps 572 and 578). Then, the correction constant DK is read from the register 31 (steps 574 and 580). next,
When the damper pedal on flag DF is set, the correction constant DK is added to the level control coefficient ALm corrected in steps 560 and 570 (step 57).
6). When the damper pedal on flag DF is reset, the correction constant DK is subtracted from the level control coefficient ALm corrected in steps 560 and 570 (step 582).

In the acoustic piano, when the damper pedal is depressed (damper pedal is on), the decay time of the musical sound produced when the damper is separated from all strings becomes long.
Therefore, in the tone generator 11, when the damper pedal on flag DF is set, the processing is performed so that the decay time of the tone of the depressed key and the tone of the tone that is already being sounded becomes long. For this reason, the number of simultaneous sounds increases and the tones to be sounded become unclear. Therefore, the correction coefficient DK is added to the control coefficient ALm to increase the control coefficient ALm (step 576). When the damper pedal on flag DF is reset, the tone generator 11 performs processing so as to reduce the decay time of the generated musical sound, so the control coefficient ALm to the correction constant D
K is subtracted to decrease the control coefficient ALm (step 5
82). Then, the corrected control coefficient ALm is stored again in the m-channel register 34-m. The control coefficient calculation process of steps 552 to 582 is repeated for each channel.

The above steps 560, 570 and 57.
The addition / subtraction processing of 6,582 can be substituted by addition / subtraction multiplication / division, calculation based on an arithmetic expression, or reading of a data table. In addition to the damper pedal, the pedal 10 whose ON / OFF is determined in steps 572 and 578 may be a soft pedal, a sostenuto pedal, a mute pedal, a shifting pedal, a loud pedal, a foot switch, or the like.

9. Envelope Data Forming Process FIG. 13 is a flowchart of the envelope data forming process (step 600) in FIG. First, based on the contents stored in the assignment memory 8 by the CPU 5,
It is determined whether "10" indicating the decay phase is set in the envelope phase data FZm of the channel CHm assigned by the time division processing (step 602). In the envelope phase data FZ, "01" is set in the attack phase, "10" in the decay phase, and "00" in the release phase.

At the time of key-on event, the envelope phase data FZm is not "10". Therefore, whether the key of the m channel CHm is in the on-event state or the off-event state is determined based on the contents stored in the assignment memory 8. (Steps 612 and 61)
8). This is performed based on the key-on event flag or the key-off event flag detected in the key-on event process and the key-off event process in the other processes SJ described above. Here, in the case of a key-on event, sound generation is started from this key-on event, and therefore "01" is set to the envelope phase data FZm of this channel CHm to indicate that it is the attack phase (step 61
4).

Next, the envelope generator 14 reads out the target level data TLm and the speed data SPm corresponding to the attack phase FZm from the data table 40 (step 616). At this time, the musical factor data is also used as a search element of the data table 40. Further, the envelope level data ENm is read from the m channel CHm in the assignment memory 8 by the envelope generator 14 and sent to the envelope generator 14 (step 616). This envelope level data ENm is
Since the data is cleared when the key-off event or the data being muted is stored, it is data indicating "0" level immediately after the key-on event. Then, the envelope generator 14 calculates the envelope level ENm of the attack phase of the tone of the m channel CHm from these data (step 628). This calculation is performed, for example, by the following equation.

(TL−EN) × SP + EN → EN (1) Envelope level ENm obtained by this calculation
Is updated and stored in the m channel CHm of the assignment memory 8.

After that, when channel allocation is repeated and the tone generation process (step 400) is repeated for the m channel CHm, the envelope level ENm increases toward the target level TLm of the attack phase, and the target level TLm. To reach. The envelope generator 14 determines this (step 6
30) "10" indicating the decay phase is set in the envelope phase data FZm (step 63)
2). After that, with respect to the m channel CHm, the envelope level data ENm of the decay phase is calculated. At this time, the decay time correction process (steps 604, 606, and 608) is performed by correcting the decay phase envelope speed SPm.

That is, when it is determined in step 602 that "10" is set in the envelope phase data FZm, the decay phase speed data SPm is read from the data table 40 (step 604). Then, the control coefficient ALm obtained in the above-described control coefficient calculation process (step 550) is read from the m-channel register 34-m (step 6).
06). This control coefficient ALm is the speed data SPm.
And the result of this calculation is stored in the m-channel register 35-m as the corrected decay phase speed data SPm. Then, the target level data TLm for the decay phase, the decay speed data SPm after the above correction, and the envelope level data ENm
Is read (step 610) and the envelope level data ENm is calculated according to the above equation (1).
(Step 628).

After that, the channel allocation is repeated and the tone generation processing is performed for the channel CHm (step 4).
00) is repeatedly performed so that the envelope level data ENm becomes the target level TL of the decay phase.
Decay speed SPm toward m. Therefore, the larger the value of the control coefficient ALm, the larger the decay speed SPm, so that the decay time of the decay phase of the tone of the m channel becomes shorter. On the contrary, the smaller the value of the control coefficient ALm, the smaller the decay speed SP, and the longer the decay time of the decay phase of the m-channel tone.

When there is a key-off event for the tone of the m channel CHm, the envelope generator 14 discriminates this (step 618) and sets "00" indicating the release phase in the envelope phase data FZm (step 620). After that, m channel C
Regarding Hm, target level data TLm and speed data SPm in the release phase are read (step 6).
22) and (1) are calculated (step 62).
8). As a result, the envelope level ENm is attenuated toward the target level TLm of the release phase and is muted every time the tone generation process (step 400) is repeated. The envelope level ENm and the envelope phase FZm are written in the corresponding channel memory area of the assignment memory 8.

The above-mentioned processing is performed for each channel CH1 to CHn.
Is repeated sequentially or in time division at high speed. As a result, a musical tone envelope of the channel in which the key-on or sounding data is stored is formed.
Regarding the decay phase of the envelope of the musical sound of each channel, the decay time is modified by the control coefficient AL, and the sounding time is changed by this.
Note that this envelope data formation processing (step 60
0) may be performed inside the envelope generator 14 as shown in FIG.

The processing of steps 606 and 608 described above can be similarly performed in the attack and release phases. In this case, the multiplication of the envelope speed data SP and the control coefficient AL is performed by adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing another data, or shifting the data of the other data by one of the data, computing by the computing circuit or computing by both data in the memory. It can be used as a substitute for reading data.

10. Musical Tone Signal Output Processing Returning to FIG. 7, the envelope level data ENm generated as described above is read again and sent to the multiplier 16, and is multiplied by the musical tone waveform data MW read from the musical tone waveform memory 13. (Step 660). The musical tone waveform data MW provided with the envelope is sent from the multiplier 16 to the accumulator 17 (step 670).

The tone signal generation processing (step 400) as described above is performed by time division processing, and channels C of 1 to 16 are obtained.
It is repeatedly executed for H1 to CH16. (Steps 405, 680, 685, 690). As a result, a maximum of 16 tones (sometimes including tones of the same key) are sounded simultaneously from the sound system 20.

As described above, in this embodiment, the decay time of the musical sound is reduced by increasing or decreasing the envelope speed SP of the decay phase based on the number of keys pressed, the range of keys pressed, and the on / off state of the damper pedal. Change. That is, as the number of keys pressed increases, the number of polyphonic sounds also increases, the decay time of the musical sound produced varies depending on the range of the key pressed, and the attenuation time of the musical tone produced when the damper pedal is depressed increases. Therefore, the envelope speed SP of the decay phase is modified.

In the present embodiment, when there is a key-on event and when there is a key-off event, that is, when the number of key presses changes, the envelope of the decay phase of the tone of the key that has this key-on event or key-off event. Control coefficient A for correcting speed SP
L is required. Therefore, when a plurality of musical tones are sounded at the same time, the control coefficient AL is different for each musical tone assigned to each channel. With this, each time there is a change in the number of keys pressed by a key-on event or a key-off event, when the number of polyphonic notes is large, it is possible to prevent the musical tones produced at the same time from being mixed and unclear.
When the number of simultaneous sounds is small, the decay time of each tone is properly corrected so that each tone does not become unnaturally short.

In the above embodiment, the envelope speed SP of the decay phase is corrected for each channel. However, the envelope speed of the attack phase or the envelope speed of the release phase,
Alternatively, the envelope speed of all phases may be modified. In this case, step 616 of FIG.
Before 622 and 626, a process of reading the envelope speed data SP of each phase, and step 60
The processings 6 and 608 may be added.

11. Envelope Generator 14 FIG. 14 shows another configuration example of the envelope generator 14. The tone number data TN sent by the CPU 5 is supplied to the envelope memory 15 via the latch 15a, and the speed data SP0, SP of each phase is stored in the envelope memory 15.
1, SP2, target level data TL0, T for each phase
Converted to L1 and TL2. Attack phase speed data SP0, decay phase speed data SP
One of the release phase speed data SP1 and the release phase speed data SP2 is selected by the selector 14b and input to the multiplier 14c. The control coefficient AL latched by the latch 14d is sent to the multiplier 14c for multiplication. By this, speed data SP0, SP1, SP of each phase
2 is modified. That is, the rise time and decay time of the envelope are modified. The control coefficient AL used at this time is the control coefficient calculation processing (step 55 in FIG. 11).
It is the data calculated in 0). Here, in the attack phase, "10 ...
0 "is selected, and this data is sent to the multiplier 14c, so that the envelope speed SP is output as it is from the multiplier 14. The lower bit data of the phase data FZ is selected by the selector 14k. This data is supplied as data.
Latch 1 by omitting k even during the attack phase.
The control coefficient AL from 4d may be directly supplied to the multiplier 14c.

The corrected speed data is added to the envelope waveform data EN up to then by the adder 14g through the exclusive OR gate group 14f, and the envelope register 1 through the selector 14h.
Set to 4j. This envelope register 14j
16 channels of envelope level data EN
1 to EN16 are stored and the channel clock signal CH
The signals are sequentially shifted in time division by φ, output, and input to the adder 14g.

The attack phase target level data TL0 and the decay phase target level data TL are also set.
1. One of the release phase target level data TL2 is selected by the selector 14a, and the comparator 14 is selected.
given to e. The envelope level data EN from the adder 14g is also given to the comparator 14e, and when the envelope level data EN matches the phase target level data TL, a match signal ag is output. The coincidence signal ag is given to the selector 14h, and the phase target level data TL is selected as the envelope level data EN.

This coincidence signal ag is also given to the phase incrementer 14j so that the phase data FZ is +1.
To be done. The phase data FZ is data indicating the attack phase (“01”), decay phase (sustain phase) (“10”), and release phase (“00”) of the envelope waveform. The phase data FZ is incremented by the coincidence signal ag or the on / off signal ON / OFF from the comparator 14e. The on / off signal ON / OFF is read by the CPU 5 from the assignment memory 8. The phase data FZ is the selectors 14a, 14 described above.
The phase target data TL and the phase speed data SP given to b according to each phase are selected.

The phase data FZ is 2-bit data, and each bit data is given to each gate of the exclusive OR gate group 14f through the OR gate 14m and also input to the Cin terminal of the adder 14g. It As a result, the envelope phase FZ
Is a decay phase (“10”) and a release phase (“00”), the phase speed data SP is subtracted from the envelope level data EN, and the level value of the envelope waveform is reduced.
When the envelope phase FZ is the attack phase (“01”), the phase speed data SP is added to the envelope waveform data EN, and the level value of the envelope waveform is increased.

Of the phase target level data TL, the attack phase target level data TL0 is "1".
1 ... 1 ”, and the release phase target level data T
L2 is "00 ... 0", and the decay phase target level data TL1 is determined to be an arbitrary value between "11 ... 1" and "00 ... 0". The decay phase target level data TL1 is the same as the sustain level of the envelope waveform. Of course, each phase target data TL is not limited to these values. The multiplier 14c, the latch 14d, and the selector 14k are provided in the envelope memory 15
May be provided at the path from the selector to the selector 14a or at the output end of the envelope register 14j.

12. Key Event Processing Further , the key event processing (step 800) shown in FIG. 15 may be executed instead of the tone generation processing (step 400). In this processing, the CPU 5 determines whether or not there is a key-on event or a key-off event (steps 802 and 810). At the time of a key-on event, next key-on event processing (step 80).
4) is executed. This key-on event process is shown in FIG.
The processing is as shown in. First, the note-on count value ONn is incremented (step 82).
0). Then, the range distribution discrimination process of FIG. 9 (step 50
0) is performed, and the range distribution coefficient EL corresponding to the range of the key having the key-on event is obtained (step 82).
2).

Then, the control coefficient AL is determined by the note-on count value ONn and the range distribution coefficient EL (step 824). As the control coefficient AL, for example, a standard parameter constant TAL is determined in advance, and the standard parameter constant TAL is corrected by the note-on count value ONn and the range distribution coefficient EL, or ONn and EL are calculated. Is determined by the process of reading from the data table having the parameter. The tone range distribution coefficient EL acts in the direction of increasing the standard parameter constant TAL and increasing the envelope speed SP of the output musical tone signal SD at the time of a key-on event. The determined control coefficient AL is the tone generator 1
1 (step 826).

Returning to FIG. 15, when the above-mentioned key-on event processing (step 804) is completed, various tone parameters are loaded into the tone generator 11 (tone generator LSI) (step 806). Tone parameters are
The envelope level data EN, the target level data TL stored in the envelope memory 15, the speed data SP, the tone waveform data MW stored in the tone waveform memory 13, and the like. When these parameters are read, a tone generation process (step 808) is performed next. In this tone generation process, a tone signal SD is formed based on the target level data TL, the speed data SP modified by the control coefficient AL, the envelope level data EN, and the tone waveform data MW, and then sent to the accumulator 17. , A sound is produced from the sound system 20. The tone generator LSI is an LSI inside the tone generator 11.

On the other hand, when there is a key-off event, the damper pedal on flag DF next to step 810.
Is set (step 8)
12). Then, if the damper pedal on flag DF is set, the process proceeds to the process (step SF).
Further, when the damper pedal on flag DF is reset, the damper pedal is not depressed, so that the musical sound of the key having the key off event is shifted to the release phase. This is because the target level data TL and the speed data SP of the release phase are read from the envelope memory 15 and the tone generator 11 (sound source LS
(Step 81)
4). Then, the key-off event process is executed (step 816).

FIG. 17 is a flowchart of the key-off event process. First, the note-on count value ONn is decremented (step 830). Then, the tone range distribution determination process (step 500) of FIG. 9 is performed, and the tone range distribution coefficient EL corresponding to the tone range of the key having the key-off event is obtained (step 832). Then, by the note-on count value ONn and the range distribution coefficient EL,
The control coefficient AL is determined (step 834). At the time of this key-off event, the tone range distribution coefficient EL decreases the standard parameter constant TAL to output the tone signal S output.
It acts to decrease the envelope speed SP of D. The determined control coefficient AL is sent to the tone generator 11. (Step 836).

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the envelope speed or decay speed of the tone of the key-on / off key is corrected based on the number of keys pressed, the range of the key-on / off key, and the on / off of the damper pedal. However, it is also possible to make corrections based only on the number of keys pressed, only the pitch range or pitch of the keys, and on / off of the damper pedal, or the number of keys pressed and the range or pitch, or the number of keys pressed and the damper pedal on / off. off,
The correction may be made based on the range or pitch and on / off of the damper pedal. This is because they are all involved in increasing or decreasing the polyphony.

In the note-on count process (step 450) of FIG. 8, the number of channels in which the key-on data is stored is counted (step 4).
56), this may be performed by counting the number of channels in which sounding data is stored as shown in FIG. 18 (step 470). As a result, it is possible to perform control in consideration of the number of simultaneous sounds when there is a musical sound to be sounded even if the key is not pressed. This is because one key may use a plurality of channels depending on the model, and the number of channels to be used may change depending on the tone color setting (for example, piano, organ, harpsichord, etc.).

The control coefficient AL is not limited to the one determined by the relationship as in the data table 60 shown in FIG. For example, as shown in D1 and D2 of FIG. 19, the relationship may be such that the note-on count value ONn increases in a curve when the note-on count value ONn is a certain value K or more.
As shown by D5, the relationship may be such that it increases from the constant value P in a curved or linear manner in accordance with the increase of the note-on count value ONn.

In the above embodiment, the envelope speed SP for each channel is corrected by the control coefficient AL obtained for each channel, but the envelope speed SP for all channels is corrected by the same control coefficient AL. May be. In this case, in the tone generation process (step 400) of FIG. 7, the note-on count value (step 450), the range distribution determination process (step 500), and the control coefficient calculation process (step 550) are performed as a key-on event or a key-off. Set the interrupt process to be executed when an event occurs. In addition, the process of adding / subtracting the correction constant DK by turning on / off the damper flag in FIG. 11 (steps 572 to 582) also turns on / off the damper pedal.
Set the interrupt process to be executed when there is an off event. Therefore, in the envelope level correction calculation process (step 600), the level control coefficient AL calculated in the interrupt process is commonly used for all channels.

Further, in the above embodiment, the electronic musical instrument for simulating the generated sound of the acoustic piano has been described, but the present invention can be applied to the electronic musical instrument for generating the generated sound of the musical instruments other than the piano. In this case, the keyboard 1 may be replaced with an electronic string instrument, an electronic wind instrument, an electronic percussion instrument, a computer keyboard, or the like. The correction of the envelope speed SP based on the turning on / off of the damper pedal can be applied to the case where a generated sound of a musical instrument having a damper function such as a marimba is generated in addition to the piano.

Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the electronic musical instrument for performing the effect sound generation processing such as the reverberation sound generation processing and the resonance sound generation processing is shown, but an electronic musical instrument which does not perform these processing may be used. In this case, at least the number of key-on is detected and the envelope speed SP is corrected.

Further, even if the key of the keyboard 1 is turned off by turning on the damper pedal, the key off event process is not performed, and the number of simultaneous sound generation, that is, the note-on count value data ONn is prevented from decreasing, and by turning off the damper pedal, Key off event processing of the key that was off while the damper pedal was on
For the first time, the note-on count value data ONn may match the number of ON keys. In this case, the CPU 5 performs the mute processing of FIG. 1 of Japanese Patent Application No. 3-85225, the overall processing of FIG. 6, and the processing shown in the flowchart of the panel processing of FIG.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the same processing can be performed by replacing the tone range (key number data KN) with pitch, tone color (tone number data TN) or touch data. In this case,
The tone range distribution coefficient EL of 1 is a pitch distribution coefficient, a tone color distribution coefficient, or a touch distribution coefficient.

[0085]

As described in detail above, the present invention relates to the number of keys on, the range or pitch of the key on / off, the number of simultaneous sounds such as pedal on / off, or the increase / decrease in the number of simultaneous sounds. The determinant of the envelope speed of the musical tone such as information is detected, and the rise time or decay time of the musical tone generated is corrected based on this factor. As a result, when the polyphony number increases, the rise time or the decay time of the musical tones generated can be shortened to prevent the musical tones produced at the same time from being mixed and unclear. In addition, when the number of polyphonic sounds is small, by adjusting the rise time or decay time of the tones to be sounded to be an appropriate length, it is possible to produce natural tones with no discomfort. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an overall circuit diagram of an electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an assignment memory 8.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a register group and a data memory.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a flowchart of overall processing.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a flowchart of pedal event processing.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a flowchart of a musical sound generation process.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a flowchart of a note-on count process.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a flowchart of a range distribution determination process.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a range distribution coefficient table.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a flowchart of control coefficient calculation processing.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a control coefficient table.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a flowchart of envelope data forming processing.

FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of an envelope generator 14.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a flowchart of a key-invent process.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a flowchart of key-on event processing.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a flowchart of key-off event processing.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a flowchart of another example of the note-on count process.

FIG. 19 is a diagram showing another example of a control coefficient table.

[Explanation of symbols]

M1 ... Musical sound signal generating means, M2 ... Envelope speed factor detecting means, M3 ... Envelope speed correcting means,
M4 ... Music generation instruction means, 1 ... Keyboard, 5 ... CP
U, 8 ... Assignment memory, 10 ... Pedal, 11 ...
Tone generator, 14 ... Envelope generator, 15 ... Envelope memory, 16 ... Multiplier, 17 ...
Accumulator, 18 ... Digital filter, 19D-A converter,
20 ... Sound system, 30-36 ... Register, 4
0, 50, 60 ... Data table.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of tone generation instruction means for instructing the generation of a tone, a tone signal generation means for generating a tone signal according to each instruction of the plurality of tone generation instruction means, and the tone signal generation means. Envelope speed factor detection means for detecting the determinants of the speed of envelope change of each generated tone signal, and the envelope of the tone signal based on the determinants of the speed of envelope change detected by the envelope speed factor detector An envelope control device for a musical tone signal, comprising: envelope speed correction means for correcting and controlling the speed of change. 2. The envelope control device for musical tone signals according to claim 1, wherein said envelope speed correcting means corrects the envelope speed of the musical tone signal for each channel generated by said musical tone signal generating means. 3. The envelope speed correction means corrects the decay time (decay speed or release speed) of the tone signal generated by the tone signal generation means for each channel. Envelope controller for musical tone signals. 4. An envelope control device for musical tone signals according to claim 1, wherein said envelope speed factor detecting means detects the number of the designated musical tone generation instructing means. 5. The envelope control device for musical tone signals according to claim 1, wherein said envelope speed factor detecting means detects the musical range or pitch of said designated musical tone generation instructing means. 6. The musical tone signal envelope control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said envelope speed factor detecting means detects whether the damper pedal is on or off.