JPH08140210A - Small lift fluctuation pantograph - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To hold a slider and a trolley wire in an excellent contact by preventing the lift change of a current collecting shoe whose cross sectional shape is a wing shape. CONSTITUTION: A pantograph 30 comprises a slider 40 in contact while giving a pressure to a trolley wire 20, and a current collecting shoe 50 for holding the slider 40. The slider 40 is formed by laminating wing-shaped plates 52 each having a wing shaped cross section and a thickness T via a gap 56 by a fixed shaft 54.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a low lift fluctuation type pantograph, and particularly low aerodynamic noise generated during high speed running.
Furthermore, it relates to a pantograph with low lift fluctuation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A pantograph for a railway vehicle as shown in FIG. 6 is mounted on the roof of a vehicle in order to supply power to the vehicle from an overhead wire system on the ground (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 59-16930).
No. 2). That is, except for the horn 6 and the underframe 7, various columnar members having a uniform cross section constitute the current collecting boat 1 and the framed pipe attached to the lower portion of the current collecting boat 1. Collector boat 1
Are each composed of a pair of contact plates 8 and a boat shape 9, and the framework pipe is composed of a ceiling pipe 2, an upper frame pipe 3, an oblique pipe 4 and a lower frame pipe 5. Further, the ceiling pipe 2 and the oblique pipe 4 strengthen the rigidity in the lateral direction to prevent the pantograph from being displaced in the lateral direction.

By the way, at present, speeding up of trains is being actively carried out. As the speed increases, the aerodynamic noise generated around the train suddenly increases, and the impact on the surrounding environment is becoming serious. Here, when the train runs at a high speed, the pantograph cuts off the wind and generates aerodynamic noise. Particularly, the wind speed is high and the generated noise is large in the current collecting boat 1, the ceiling pipe 2, the upper frame pipe 3, and the diagonal pipe 4 which are apart from the vehicle roof surface. Further, since these members are long rods having a uniform cross section, Karman vortices are generated in the wake of each member at a frequency determined by the cross sectional shape, size and speed of each member during high speed running. as a result,
There was a fear that the aerodynamic sound generated at the above frequency was large and the noise level when the train passed was high.

Recently, as the speed of the vehicle has increased, the height of the vehicle has been reduced. However, in order to collect current from the trolley wire, the pantograph further projects from the vehicle ceiling. It will be composed. Therefore, in order to suppress the aerodynamic noise generated from the pantograph, a pantograph cover is currently provided to weaken the air that directly hits the pantograph by diverting the wind to reduce noise and prevent the occurrence of unsteady lift. Measures are taken to avoid defects. However, such a measure significantly increases the aerodynamic resistance of the train and additionally generates low-frequency noise. Also, a pantograph cover that is large in appearance cannot improve its aesthetic appearance, and a fundamental measure is desired.

The applicant of the present invention has proposed that the blades of the current collecting vanes constituting the pantograph, the frame pipes, and the like are shaped to have the smallest resistance in the fluid and to prevent the formation of vortices. We have previously reported on a technology to achieve low aerodynamic noise by adopting a die shape (Railway Research Institute report November 1990, VOL 4, N
o.11).

[0006]

The wing type of the current collecting boat allows the vehicle to run at high speed and the current collecting boat to move in the air at high speed. A vortex, which is an aerodynamic sound source, is not generated in the vicinity of, so that the aerodynamic sound from the current collecting boat is reduced. However,
When the airfoil is exposed to a uniform flow, it is effective in reducing aerodynamic noise as described above, but when the inflow angle changes due to exposure to a turbulent flow, the airfoil characteristics In addition, a pressure difference is generated between the upper surface and the lower surface of the airfoil, causing a significant lift fluctuation.

On the other hand, the trolley wire 20 is installed as shown in FIG. That is, the pillars 21 fixed to the track at intervals of about 50 m
A suspension overhead wire 22 is erected on the above, and an auxiliary suspension overhead wire 24 is installed by a first hanger 23 suspended at a predetermined interval on the suspension overhead wire 22. A second hanger 25 is suspended on the auxiliary suspension overhead wire 24 at an interval of about 5 m. The trolley wire 20 is installed by. Here, when the vehicle travels at high speed and unsteady lift acts on the pantograph to cause significant lift fluctuation, the contact state between the contact plate 8 and the trolley wire becomes unstable, and power supply cannot be performed well. If the pressing force exceeds the necessary value, the contact plate 8 and the trolley wire may come into contact with each other, which may reduce the durability.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and is a pantograph including a contact plate which comes into contact with a contact wire while applying a pressing force, and a current collecting boat which holds the contact plate, wherein: In the pantograph designed to reduce aerodynamic noise by making the cross-sectional shape of the current collector boat in the vehicle front-rear direction, lift fluctuations are prevented from occurring in the pantograph, and the contact plate and trolley wire are in good contact. It is an object of the present invention to provide a pantograph with low lift variation that can maintain the above.

[0009]

Therefore, the invention described in claim 1 is a pantograph including a contact plate which comes into contact with the contact wire while applying a pressing force, and a current collecting boat which holds the contact plate. The cross-sectional shape of the current collecting boat in the vehicle front-rear direction is a wing shape, and the current collecting boat is provided with a plurality of communication means for communicating the current collecting boat upper surface and the current collecting boat lower surface.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the current collecting boat is constructed by laminating wing shape plates each having a wing shape in a cross-sectional shape in the vehicle front-rear direction with a predetermined gap, The communication means may be constituted by the gap. Further, as the invention according to claim 3, the gap may be a quarter of the plate thickness of the airfoil plate.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the current collecting boat is formed of a solid or hollow member, and a plurality of the current collecting boats communicate with the upper surface of the current collecting boat and the lower surface of the current collecting boat. The communication passage may be provided.

[0012]

Since the current collecting boat is a wing type, even when the vehicle travels at high speed and the current collecting boat moves in the air at high speed, an aerodynamic sound source is generated around the current collecting boat. Since no vortex is generated, aerodynamic noise from the current collecting boat is reduced. On the other hand, when the vehicle moves forward, the air flow generated relative to the current collecting boat is
It flows from the outer surface of the front part of the collector boat to the outer surface of the rear part. Here, the current collecting boat is fixed to the vehicle, but the air flow flowing around the current collecting boat changes depending on the environment, so that the inflow angle of the current collecting boat with respect to the air flow changes.

Further, since the current collecting boat is a wing type, if the angle of inflow of air into the current collecting boat changes, the lift force on the current collecting boat changes. According to the first aspect of the invention, the upper surface of the current collecting boat and the lower surface of the current collecting boat, which have a wing-shaped cross section in the vehicle front-rear direction, are connected by a plurality of communication means.
Even if the inflow angle of the current collecting boat with respect to the air flow changes and a pressure difference occurs between the upper surface of the current collecting boat and the lower surface of the current collecting boat, the upper surface of the current collecting boat and the current collecting boat are connected through a plurality of communicating means. A flow is generated between the lower surface of the electric boat and the pressure difference is reduced. So,
Even if the inflow angle of the current collecting boat with respect to the air flow changes, the pressure difference between the upper surface of the current collecting boat and the lower surface of the current collecting boat is prevented from increasing, and a significant lift is applied to the current collecting boat. Variation is prevented from occurring.

Further, in the invention according to claim 2,
Since each of the current collecting boats is constituted by stacking wing shape plates each having a wing shape in cross section in the vehicle front-rear direction with a predetermined gap, the inflow angle of the current collecting boats with respect to the air flow changes. Even if a pressure difference occurs between the upper surface of the current collector and the lower surface of the current collector,
A flow occurs between the upper surface of the current collecting boat and the lower surface of the current collecting boat through the gap, and the pressure difference is reduced. So,
Even if the inflow angle of the current collecting boat with respect to the air flow changes, the pressure difference between the upper surface of the current collecting boat and the lower surface of the current collecting boat is prevented from increasing, and a significant lift is applied to the current collecting boat. Variation is prevented from occurring.

Here, when the current collecting boat is constructed by laminating wing shape plates each having a wing shape in cross section in the vehicle longitudinal direction with a predetermined gap, aerodynamic noise causes the current collecting boat to be rigid. Although there is a possibility that it will increase more than when, the speed will be slowed by the development of the boundary layer in the gap by making the gap an optimal porosity, and as a result, the generated noise will be kept to a minimum, Further, it becomes possible to suppress the lift fluctuation. Therefore, as an action of the invention described in claim 3, by setting the gap to approximately one fourth of the plate thickness of the blade plate, the gap has an optimum porosity, and the blade has a gap. It is possible to efficiently reduce the increase in aerodynamic noise due to the above, and it occurs between the upper surface of the current collector boat and the lower surface of the current collector boat when the inflow angle of the current collector boat with respect to the air flow changes. It is possible to efficiently alleviate the pressure difference, and it is also possible to alleviate the lift fluctuation.

Further, in the invention according to claim 4,
Since a plurality of communication passages for communicating the upper surface of the current collecting boat and the lower surface of the current collecting boat are provided inside the current collecting boat, the inflow angle of the current collecting boat with respect to the air flow is changed, and the upper surface of the current collecting boat is changed. Even if a pressure difference occurs between the current collecting boat and the lower surface of the current collecting boat, a flow is generated between the upper surface of the current collecting boat and the lower surface of the current collecting boat through the communication passage to reduce the pressure difference. Becomes Further, since the current collecting boat is formed of a solid or hollow member, the strength of the current collecting boat can be secured.

[0017]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As for the installation of the trolley wire 20, refer to FIG. 7. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a low lift variation pantograph 30 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
30 is a contact plate that contacts the trolley wire 20 while applying a pressing force.
40, a current collecting boat 50 that holds the sliding plate 40, and the current collecting boat 50
And a support member (not shown) for holding the vehicle on the vehicle ceiling.

Here, the current collecting boat 50 is formed by stacking blade-shaped plates 52 each having a blade-shaped cross-section and a plate thickness T with a fixed shaft 54 with a gap 56 (gap t of the gap 56). (See FIG. 2). Further, in the first embodiment, the plate thickness T is 2 mm, the interval t of the gap 56 is 0.5 mm, and the interval t is
Is 1/4 of the plate thickness T.

Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described.
In the first embodiment, the current collecting boat 50 is configured by stacking the airfoil plates 52, and the current collecting boat 50 has a macroscopic airfoil shape. Here, since the current collecting boat 50 is a wing type, when the vehicle travels at high speed and the current collecting boat 50 moves in the air at high speed, the periphery of the current collecting boat 50 is Since the vortex which is an aerodynamic sound source is not generated, the aerodynamic sound from the current collecting boat 50 is reduced. Further, in the first embodiment, since the current collecting boat 50 has a wing shape which is line-symmetric with respect to the front-rear direction of the vehicle, even when the traveling direction of the vehicle changes, the aerodynamic sound from the current collecting boat 50 is generated. Does not increase.

When the vehicle moves forward, the airflow generated relative to the current collecting boat 50 flows from the outer surface of the front surface of the current collecting boat 50 to the outer surface of the rear end portion. Here, the boundary layer of air along the outer surface of the rear surface of the current collecting boat 50 is easily separated. When the boundary layer of air on the outer surface of the rear surface of the collector boat 50 separates, countless Karman vortices are generated. As a result, the thin air having a low pressure generated behind the current collecting boat 50 becomes a pressure resistance that pulls the current collecting boat 50 backward. However, in the first embodiment, since the current collecting boat 50 has the airfoil shape, it is possible to greatly reduce the pressure resistance and thus the fluid resistance.

On the other hand, since the vehicle travels inside and outside the tunnel or in a space having a different external environment, the air flow around the current collecting boat 50 changes, so that the inflow of the current collecting boat 50 to the air flow occurs. The angle α changes. Here, in the conventional airfoil-shaped current collecting boat, when the inflow angle α with respect to the airflow around the airfoil changes, the lift L changes greatly as shown in FIG.

In the current collecting boat 50 according to the first embodiment,
The current collecting boat 50 is configured by stacking the wing shape plates 52,
Since each airfoil plate 52 has a gap 56 and is in contact with another airfoil plate 52, the inflow angle α of the current collection boat 50 with respect to the air flow changes, and the upper surface 57 of the current collection boat and the current collection boat Even if a pressure difference occurs with the boat lower surface 58, a flow occurs between the current collecting boat upper surface 57 and the current collecting boat lower surface 58 through the gap 56, and the pressure difference is reduced. Become.

For example, when the inflow angle α changes with respect to the streamline of the air flow such that the tip of the current collecting boat 50 is directed upward as compared with the rear end of the current collecting boat 50, the lower surface of the current collecting boat The pressure generated in 58 becomes higher than the pressure generated in the upper surface 57 of the current collecting boat, and lift force that pushes up the current collecting boat 50 is generated. However, according to the configuration of the first embodiment, in this case, A flow is generated from the lower surface 58 of the collector boat to the upper surface 57 of the collector boat through the gap 56, which reduces the pressure difference and acts to reduce the lift.

Therefore, even if the inflow angle α of the current collecting boat 50 with respect to the air flow is changed, the pressure difference generated between the current collecting boat upper surface 57 and the current collecting boat lower surface 58 is prevented from increasing. It is prevented that a significant fluctuation in lift occurs with respect to the current collecting boat 50 (see FIG. 3). Further, in the first embodiment, the current collecting boat 50 is configured by stacking the wing shape plates 52, and the current collecting boat 50 has a macroscopic wing shape. When t is wide, the gap 56 may become a new noise generation source.

Furthermore, in the first embodiment, the airfoil plate is used.
The current collecting boat 50 is configured by stacking 52, and the current collecting boat 50 has a macroscopic wing shape, but the current collecting boat 50 has a gap 56, and the gap 56 May become a new source of noise. However, by setting the gap 56 to a predetermined porosity, the velocity is slowed by the development of the boundary layer in the gap 56, and the increase in aerodynamic noise due to the airfoil having the gap 56 is efficiently reduced. It is experimentally known that is possible. Here, a collector boat 50 according to the first embodiment
In this case, the airfoil plate 52 has a plate thickness T of 2 mm, the gap t has a gap t of 0.5 mm, and the gap t is a quarter of the plate thickness T. Is the optimum porosity for the plate thickness T. Therefore, even if the current collecting boat 50 is of the airfoil type having the gap 56, the increase in aerodynamic noise due to the gap 56 is effectively reduced, and when the inflow angle α of the current collecting boat 50 with respect to the air flow is changed. The pressure difference generated between the upper surface 57 of the current collector boat and the lower surface 58 of the current collector boat can be efficiently mitigated, and the fluctuation in the lift force can also be mitigated.

That is, as described above, according to the first embodiment, since the current collecting boat 50 is of the wing type, the aerodynamic noise from the current collecting boat 50 is reduced, and the lift force variation occurs in the pantograph 30. This prevents the contact plate 40 from coming into contact with the trolley wire 20 while applying a predetermined pressing force, and the contact plate 40 and the trolley wire 20 can be kept in a good contact state.

FIG. 4 shows a collector boat 75 of a pantograph with a low lift variation according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The collector boat 75 has a blade-shaped cross section and is formed by a solid member. Inside the current collecting boat 75, a plurality of communication passages 78 that connect the current collecting boat upper surface 76 and the current collecting boat lower surface 77 are provided. Next, the operation according to the second embodiment will be described.

Since the current collecting boat 75 also has a wing-shaped cross section, aerodynamic noise from the current collecting boat 75 is reduced. Further, in the current collecting boat 75 according to the second embodiment, a plurality of communication passages 78 for communicating the current collecting boat upper surface 76 and the current collecting boat lower surface 77 are provided inside the current collecting boat 75. Therefore, even if the inflow angle α of the current collecting boat 75 with respect to the air flow changes and a pressure difference is generated between the current collecting boat upper surface 76 and the current collecting boat lower surface 77, the current is transmitted through the communication passage 78. As a result, a flow is generated between the upper surface 76 of the current collecting boat and the lower surface 77 of the current collecting boat to reduce the pressure difference, and it is possible to prevent a significant lift force variation with respect to the current collecting boat 75.

That is, according to the second embodiment, since the current collecting boat 75 is of the wing type, the aerodynamic noise from the current collecting boat 75 is reduced, and it is possible to prevent the lift force from varying in the pantograph.
The contact plate can be brought into contact with the trolley wire while applying a predetermined pressing force, and the contact plate and the trolley wire can be kept in a good contact state. Further, since the collector boat 75 has a solid structure, there is an effect that the strength of the collector boat 75 can be secured.

FIG. 5 shows a collector boat 85 of a low lift fluctuation type pantograph according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In the third embodiment, the collector boat 85 has a wing-shaped cross section. Further, it is formed by a hollow member, and a plurality of small holes 88 are provided on the upper surface 86 and the lower surface 87 of the current collector boat. Next, the operation according to the third embodiment will be described.

Since the current collecting boat 85 also has a wing-shaped cross section, aerodynamic noise from the current collecting boat 85 is reduced. Further, in the current collecting boat 85 according to the third embodiment, the current collecting boat upper surface 86 and the current collecting boat lower surface 87.
Since the plurality of small holes 88 are provided in the current collecting boat 85, the inflow angle α with respect to the air flow of the current collecting boat 85 changes, and a pressure difference is generated between the current collecting boat upper surface 86 and the current collecting boat lower surface 87. However, a flow is generated between the current collecting boat upper surface 86 and the current collecting boat lower surface 87 through the small holes 88 to reduce the pressure difference, and a significant lift is applied to the current collecting boat 85. Variation is prevented from occurring.

That is, also in the third embodiment, the same effect as that of the above-mentioned second embodiment can be obtained.

[0033]

As described above, according to the invention described in claim 1, the cross-sectional shape of the pantograph current collecting boat in the vehicle longitudinal direction is a wing shape, and the current collecting boat has an upper surface on the current collecting boat. Since a plurality of communication means for communicating between the bottom surface of the current collecting boat and the current collecting boat is provided, aerodynamic noise can be reduced, fluctuation of lift force can be prevented from occurring in the pantograph, and the contact plate and the trolley wire can be in good contact with each other. It is possible to maintain the power supply, and there is an effect that power can be favorably supplied and durability is improved.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the current collecting boat can also be formed by stacking wing shape plates each having a wing shape in cross section in the vehicle front-rear direction with a predetermined gap. It has the same effect. Further, when the current collecting boat is constituted by laminating wing shape plates each having a wing shape in a cross-section in the vehicle front-rear direction with a predetermined gap, aerodynamic noise is more than that when the current collecting boat is rigid. However, according to the invention of claim 3, the noise generated is kept to a minimum by setting the gap between the blades to approximately 1/4 of the thickness of the blades. Further, it becomes possible to further suppress fluctuations in lift.

Further, in the invention according to claim 4,
The same effect as the invention according to claim 1 can be obtained by providing a plurality of communication passages that communicate the upper surface of the current collecting boat and the lower surface of the current collecting boat inside the current collecting boat.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a low lift variation pantograph according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of part A in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram explaining an operation according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of a collector boat according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of a current collecting boat according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a front view of a pantograph showing a conventional example.

FIG. 7 is a front view showing a trolley wire installation state.

[Explanation of symbols]

 30 Low lift fluctuation type pantograph 50 Current collecting boat 52 Airfoil 54 Fixed shaft 56 Gap 75 Current collecting boat 76 Current collecting boat upper surface 77 Current collecting boat lower surface 78 Communication passage 85 Current collecting boat 86 Current collecting boat upper surface 87 Current collecting boat lower surface 88 small holes

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A pantograph including a contact plate contacting a contact wire while applying a pressing force, and a current collecting boat holding the contact plate, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the current collecting boat in a vehicle longitudinal direction is a wing shape. In addition, the current collecting boat is provided with a plurality of communication means for communicating the current collecting boat upper surface and the current collecting boat lower surface, a low lift variation pantograph. 2. The current collecting boat is constructed by stacking wing shape plates each having a wing shape in cross section in a vehicle front-rear direction with a predetermined gap, and the communicating means is the gap. The low lift variation pantograph according to claim 1, which is characterized in that. 3. The low lift variation pantograph according to claim 2, wherein the gap is approximately one fourth of the plate thickness of the airfoil plate. 4. The current collecting boat is formed of a solid or hollow member, and a plurality of communication passages are provided inside the current collecting boat for connecting the upper surface of the current collecting boat and the lower surface of the current collecting boat. The low lift fluctuation type pantograph according to claim 1.