JPH08162135A - Solid electrolytic fuel cell generating system - Google Patents
Solid electrolytic fuel cell generating systemInfo
- Publication number
- JPH08162135A JPH08162135A JP6305869A JP30586994A JPH08162135A JP H08162135 A JPH08162135 A JP H08162135A JP 6305869 A JP6305869 A JP 6305869A JP 30586994 A JP30586994 A JP 30586994A JP H08162135 A JPH08162135 A JP H08162135A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- fuel cell
- gas
- exhaust gas
- supplied
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 39
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006057 reforming reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04097—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、燃料電池本体で使用さ
れた燃料ガスの排ガスを効率良く再利用し、発電効率を
向上させた固体電解質型燃料電池発電システムに関す
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a solid oxide fuel cell power generation system in which exhaust gas of fuel gas used in a fuel cell body is efficiently reused to improve power generation efficiency.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】固体電解質燃料電池は水素或いは炭化水
素系ガスを燃料ガスとし、空気を酸化剤として使用し、
約１０００℃という高温下で以下のような反応を利用し
て発電を行っている。2. Description of the Related Art A solid oxide fuel cell uses hydrogen or a hydrocarbon gas as a fuel gas and air as an oxidant.
Electric power is generated using the following reactions at a high temperature of about 1000 ° C.
【０００３】[0003]
【化１】〔燃料ガスがメタンの場合〕 ＣＨ4 ＋Ｈ2 Ｏ → ＣＯ＋３Ｈ2 ・・・（１） ＣＯ＋Ｈ2 Ｏ → ＣＯ2 ＋Ｈ2 ・・・（２） Ｈ2 ＋１／２Ｏ2 → Ｈ2 Ｏ ・・・（３）[Chemical formula 1] [When fuel gas is methane] CH 4 + H 2 O → CO + 3H 2・ ・ ・ (1) CO + H 2 O → CO 2 + H 2・ ・ ・ (2) H 2 + 1 / 2O 2 → H 2 O ... (3)
【０００４】上記（１）式は改質反応、（２）式はＣＯ
シフト反応である。上記式からわかるように、固体電解
室型燃料電池の反応には、Ｈ2 Ｏ（水）を供給する必要
があり又生成物としてＨ2 Ｏが生じる。The above equation (1) is a reforming reaction, and the equation (2) is CO.
It is a shift reaction. As can be seen from the above formula, H 2 O (water) needs to be supplied for the reaction of the solid electrolytic cell fuel cell, and H 2 O is generated as a product.
【０００５】このため、Ｈ2 Ｏを含む固体電解質型燃料
電池の燃焼ガスをリサイクルし、固体電解質型燃料電池
へ供給する方法が提案されている。Therefore, a method has been proposed in which the combustion gas of the solid oxide fuel cell containing H 2 O is recycled and supplied to the solid oxide fuel cell.
【０００６】このように燃料排ガスを燃料電池にリサイ
クルする場合には、Ｈ2 Ｏの供給が系内ガスを利用して
可能となる他、約１０００℃と高温である燃料排ガスの
顕熱を供給燃料の昇温に利用できること、又燃料極通過
の燃料ガス量を増加することができるため、燃料極出口
の発生する燃料濃度アンバランスを低減でき、よって燃
料利用率を向上させることができる等という利点があ
る。従来、燃料排ガスをリサイクルする方法として、エ
ゼクタ方式や高温ブロア方式が提案されている。When the fuel exhaust gas is recycled to the fuel cell as described above, H 2 O can be supplied by utilizing the internal gas, and the sensible heat of the fuel exhaust gas, which is a high temperature of about 1000 ° C., is supplied. Since it can be used to raise the temperature of the fuel and the amount of fuel gas passing through the fuel electrode can be increased, the fuel concentration imbalance generated at the fuel electrode outlet can be reduced, and thus the fuel utilization rate can be improved. There are advantages. Conventionally, an ejector method and a high temperature blower method have been proposed as methods for recycling fuel exhaust gas.
【０００７】図２に、このエゼクタ方式を用いた従来の
リサイクルシステムの一例を示す。同図に示すように、
燃料は燃料ガス供給ライン１１からエゼクタ１２に供給
され、該エゼクタ１２では燃料ガス供給ライン１１から
の燃料がその圧力を駆動力として燃料電池本体１３のア
ノード出口１３ｄの燃料排ガスから分岐した燃料排ガス
リサイクルガス１４を吸引して合流し、燃料電池アノー
ド入口１３ｃに供給される。FIG. 2 shows an example of a conventional recycling system using this ejector system. As shown in the figure,
Fuel is supplied from the fuel gas supply line 11 to the ejector 12, and in the ejector 12, the fuel from the fuel gas supply line 11 is branched from the fuel exhaust gas at the anode outlet 13d of the fuel cell main body 13 using the pressure as a driving force. The gas 14 is sucked, merges, and is supplied to the fuel cell anode inlet 13c.
【０００８】燃料排気ガスリサイクルガス１４には、燃
料電池本体１３で生成したＨ2 Ｏが含まれており、この
Ｈ2 Ｏがリサイクルにより燃料電池に供給され、燃料改
質用として使用される。また、リサイクルガス１４は約
１０００℃と高温であり、リサイクルガス１４の顕熱が
燃料ガス供給ライン１１からの燃料の昇温に使用され
る。The fuel exhaust gas recycle gas 14 contains H 2 O produced in the fuel cell main body 13, and this H 2 O is supplied to the fuel cell by recycling and used for fuel reforming. Further, the recycled gas 14 has a high temperature of about 1000 ° C., and the sensible heat of the recycled gas 14 is used to raise the temperature of the fuel from the fuel gas supply line 11.
【０００９】一方、空気は空気供給ライン１５から供給
され、送風機或いは圧縮機１６により加圧され、そして
空気余熱器１７において燃焼器１８からの燃焼排ガスに
より余熱され、燃料電池カソード入口１３ａへ供給され
る。ここで、燃料電池カソード出口１３ｂからの空気排
ガスとアノード出口１３ｄからの燃料排ガスのうち、リ
サイクルしない燃料排ガスは燃焼器１８へ供給され、燃
料電池カソード１３ａへ供給される。On the other hand, the air is supplied from the air supply line 15, pressurized by the blower or the compressor 16, and is preheated by the combustion exhaust gas from the combustor 18 in the air preheater 17, and is supplied to the fuel cell cathode inlet 13a. It Here, of the air exhaust gas from the fuel cell cathode outlet 13b and the fuel exhaust gas from the anode outlet 13d, the non-recycled fuel exhaust gas is supplied to the combustor 18 and to the fuel cell cathode 13a.
【００１０】上記燃料電池カソード出口１３ｂからの空
気排ガスとアノード出口１３ｄからの燃料排ガスのうち
リサイクルしない燃料排ガスは、燃焼器１８へ供給さ
れ、該燃焼器１８では燃料排ガス中の未反応水素或いは
炭化水素が酸化、すなわち、燃焼が起こる。燃焼器１８
からの燃焼排ガスは空気余熱器１７にて空気の加熱に使
用される。Of the air exhaust gas from the fuel cell cathode outlet 13b and the fuel exhaust gas from the anode outlet 13d, the non-recycled fuel exhaust gas is supplied to the combustor 18, where unreacted hydrogen or carbonization in the fuel exhaust gas is carried out. Hydrogen oxidizes, that is, combustion occurs. Combustor 18
The combustion exhaust gas from the air is used for heating the air in the air preheater 17.
【００１１】[0011]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】前述したような従来の
エゼクタを使用したシステムではエゼクタの効率が低い
為に燃料供給ガスの圧力を高める必要があり、燃料供給
用の送風機或いは圧縮機の消費動力が増加してしまい、
その結果、発電システム効率を低下させる原因となる、
という問題がある。In the system using the conventional ejector as described above, since the efficiency of the ejector is low, it is necessary to increase the pressure of the fuel supply gas. Therefore, the power consumption of the blower or the compressor for supplying fuel is reduced. Will increase,
As a result, it causes a decrease in power generation system efficiency.
There is a problem.
【００１２】本発明は上記問題に鑑み、燃料供給用の送
風機或いは圧縮機の消費動力の低減を図り、燃料電池本
体の発電システム効率を向上させる固体電解質燃料電池
発電システムを提供することを目的とする。In view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a solid oxide fuel cell power generation system that reduces the power consumption of a blower or compressor for fuel supply and improves the power generation system efficiency of the fuel cell body. To do.
【００１３】[0013]
【課題を解決するための手段】前述した目的を達成する
本発明の固体電解質燃料電池発電システムの構成は、水
素或いは炭化水素燃料ガスを燃料とし燃料電池本体に供
給して発電する固体電解質燃料電池において、上記燃料
電池本体で発電後の燃料排ガスの一部を燃料電池アノー
ド入口へ再循環させるターボ・コンプレッサーを具備し
てなることを特徴とする。The solid electrolyte fuel cell power generation system of the present invention which achieves the above-mentioned object has a solid electrolyte fuel cell for generating power by supplying hydrogen or hydrocarbon fuel gas as fuel to the fuel cell body. In the fuel cell main body, a turbo compressor for recirculating a part of the fuel exhaust gas after power generation to the fuel cell anode inlet is provided.
【００１４】[0014]
【作用】上記固体電解質燃料電池の発電システムにおい
て、固体電解質型燃料電池の排ガスの一部が効率よく固
体電解質燃料電池アノード入口へ再循環され、燃料供給
用の送風機或いは圧縮機の消費電力が低減でき、システ
ム効率の向上を図ることができる。In the above solid oxide fuel cell power generation system, part of the exhaust gas of the solid oxide fuel cell is efficiently recirculated to the inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell anode to reduce the power consumption of the blower or the compressor for fuel supply. Therefore, the system efficiency can be improved.
【００１５】[0015]
【実施例】以下、固体電解質燃料電池発電システムの好
適な一実施例を図面を参照しつつ説明する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A preferred embodiment of a solid oxide fuel cell power generation system will be described below with reference to the drawings.
【００１６】図１は、本実施例にかかる発電システムの
概略図を示す。尚、図中図２に示したものと同一部材に
ついては同一の符号を付してその説明は省略する。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power generation system according to this embodiment. In the figure, the same members as those shown in FIG. 2 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.
【００１７】図１に示すように、本実施例に係るシステ
ムは、水素或いは炭化水素燃料ガスを燃料とし固体電解
質燃料電池本体１３に供給して発電する前述した図２に
示す固体電解質燃料電池の発電システムにおいて、上記
燃料電池本体１３で発電後の燃料排ガスの一部を、燃料
電池アノード入口１３ｃへ再循環させるために、ターボ
・コンプレッサー２１を用いている。As shown in FIG. 1, the system according to this embodiment uses the solid electrolyte fuel cell shown in FIG. 2 for generating electric power by supplying hydrogen or hydrocarbon fuel gas to the solid electrolyte fuel cell main body 13 as a fuel. In the power generation system, the turbo compressor 21 is used to recirculate a part of the fuel exhaust gas after power generation in the fuel cell main body 13 to the fuel cell anode inlet 13c.
【００１８】よって、燃料ガス供給ライン１１からの燃
料はその圧力を駆動力としてターボコンプレッサー２１
を回転させ、燃料電池本体１３のアノード出口１３ｄの
燃料排ガスから分岐シタ燃料排ガスリサイクルガス１４
を導き、合流してアノード入口１３ｃへ供給される。排
ガスリサイクル量は燃料供給圧力及びダンパー２２の開
度を調整することにより可能である。Therefore, the fuel from the fuel gas supply line 11 uses its pressure as a driving force to drive the turbo compressor 21.
The fuel exhaust gas at the anode outlet 13d of the fuel cell main body 13 is branched from the fuel exhaust gas recycled gas 14
Are introduced, merged, and supplied to the anode inlet 13c. The amount of exhaust gas recycled can be adjusted by adjusting the fuel supply pressure and the opening degree of the damper 22.
【００１９】一方、空気は空気供給ライン１５から供給
され、送風機或いは圧縮機１６により加圧され、そして
空気余熱器１７で燃焼器１８の燃焼排ガスにより余熱さ
れ、固体電解質型燃料電池カソード入口１３ａへ供給さ
れる。そして、固体電解質型燃料電池カソード出口１３
ｂからの空気排ガスとアノード出口１３ｄからの燃料排
ガスのうちリサイクルしない燃料排ガスは燃焼器１８へ
供給され、該燃焼器１８では燃料排ガス中の未反応水素
或いは炭化水が酸化即ち、燃焼が起こる。燃焼器からの
燃焼排ガスは空気余熱器にて空気の加熱に使用される。On the other hand, the air is supplied from the air supply line 15, pressurized by the blower or the compressor 16, and is preheated by the combustion exhaust gas of the combustor 18 in the air preheater 17 to the solid electrolyte fuel cell cathode inlet 13a. Supplied. Then, the solid oxide fuel cell cathode outlet 13
The non-recycled fuel exhaust gas of the air exhaust gas from b and the fuel exhaust gas from the anode outlet 13d is supplied to the combustor 18, and unreacted hydrogen or hydrocarbon in the fuel exhaust gas is oxidized, that is, combusted. The combustion exhaust gas from the combustor is used to heat the air in the air preheater.
【００２０】[0020]
【発明の効果】以上実施例とともに説明したように、本
発明によれば、固体電解質型燃料電池へ供給される燃料
ガスによって駆動され、固体電解質型燃料電池燃料排ガ
スの一部をアノード入口へ再循環させるターボ・コンプ
レッサーを具えたシステムを提供することができ、燃料
供給用送風機或いは圧縮機の消費電力を低減させ、シス
テム効率を向上させることができる。As described above in connection with the embodiments, according to the present invention, a part of the solid oxide fuel cell fuel exhaust gas driven by the fuel gas supplied to the solid oxide fuel cell is recycled to the anode inlet. It is possible to provide a system including a turbo compressor that circulates, to reduce power consumption of a fuel supply blower or a compressor, and to improve system efficiency.
【図１】本実施例にかかる固体電解質型燃料電池発電シ
ステムの基本系統図である。FIG. 1 is a basic system diagram of a solid oxide fuel cell power generation system according to an embodiment.
【図２】従来例にかかる固体電解質型燃料電池発電シス
テムの基本系統図である。FIG. 2 is a basic system diagram of a solid oxide fuel cell power generation system according to a conventional example.
１１ 燃料ガス供給ライン １３ 燃料電池 １４ 燃料排ガスリサイクルガス １５ 空気供給ライン １６ 送風機或いは圧縮機 １７ 空気余熱器 １８ 燃焼器 ２１ ターボコンプレッサー ２２ ダンパー 11 Fuel Gas Supply Line 13 Fuel Cell 14 Fuel Exhaust Gas Recycle Gas 15 Air Supply Line 16 Blower or Compressor 17 Air Preheater 18 Combustor 21 Turbo Compressor 22 Damper
Claims (1)
燃料電池本体に供給して発電する固体電解質燃料電池に
おいて、上記燃料電池本体で発電後の燃料排ガスの一部
を燃料電池アノード入口へ再循環させるターボ・コンプ
レッサーを具備してなることを特徴とする固体電解質型
燃料電池発電システム。1. A solid electrolyte fuel cell for supplying hydrogen or hydrocarbon fuel gas as a fuel to a fuel cell main body to generate electric power, and recirculating a part of the fuel exhaust gas after power generation in the fuel cell main body to the fuel cell anode inlet. A solid oxide fuel cell power generation system characterized by comprising a turbo compressor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6305869A JPH08162135A (en) | 1994-12-09 | 1994-12-09 | Solid electrolytic fuel cell generating system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6305869A JPH08162135A (en) | 1994-12-09 | 1994-12-09 | Solid electrolytic fuel cell generating system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08162135A true JPH08162135A (en) | 1996-06-21 |
Family
ID=17950337
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6305869A Pending JPH08162135A (en) | 1994-12-09 | 1994-12-09 | Solid electrolytic fuel cell generating system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH08162135A (en) |
-
1994
- 1994-12-09 JP JP6305869A patent/JPH08162135A/en active Pending
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