JPH08168633A - Use of filter for gasket-free/frame-free odor emitting substance and/or harmful substance - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a packing free/frameless type offensive smell generating substance and/or harmful substance filter. CONSTITUTION: A self-supporting elastic adsorbing filter layer composed of a highly air-permeable carrier material having an adsorbent fixed thereto by an adhesive and slightly compressed to be introduced into an air supply channel is used, for example, as a packing free/frameless type offensive smell generating substance and/or harmful substance filter of an air conditioning equipment, a car or a traffic means.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the use of adsorbent filter layers as odor generating and / or toxic filter in air supply channels (eg air conditioning, motor vehicles or transportation).

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional particle filters are, according to current knowledge, insufficient for cleaning air streams (for example, air streams for air-conditioning equipment, air supply for motor vehicles, etc.). This is because the filter is insufficient to suppress gaseous components (especially odor-producing substances or harmful substances) whose effects on health have been neglected in the past. Therefore, the adsorption filter was placed after the particle filter.

At present, adsorption filters are mainly manufactured on the basis of activated carbon. Stationary installations generally use thin particle layers, which is unsuitable for the automotive field. However, particle layer filters always have to compromise on particle size. That is, dynamically,
Small adsorbent particles are required, while for the purpose of reducing pressure drop the particles must be large. In this case, the passage should also be easy to form. Difficult to maintain or replace and increase pollution.
With the development of the "expanded fixed bed" principle, most of the above drawbacks have been eliminated. In the case of this principle, small adsorbent particles are fixed to a generally plate-shaped open carrier structure. Thus,
A compromise on particle size is avoided. Furthermore, the dust-free plate-shaped filter element can be easily replaced, thus
Maintenance work is inherently easier than with traditional filters.

For air supply channels in the passenger compartment, plate or folding filters have been introduced or are being developed. The plate filter can be composed of activated carbon particles adhered to each other based on the principle of "expanded fixed bed". The filter medium is fixed to the frame with a packing or foam-filled, and the frame is incorporated into the air supply channel. The essential drawback of the above filter is that the filter occupies a large space on the basis of the frame and the packing, and its manufacturing is complicated, so that the manufacturing cost is high and various materials firmly bonded to each other interfere with the substance separation. In the case of discarding or recycling the above filter, a big problem occurs.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to produce an odor generating substance or harmful substance filter which does not include a packing and a frame.

[0006]

This object is based on the invention on the basis of the invention of a self-supporting elastic adsorption, which consists of a highly permeable carrier material with an adsorbent fixed by an adhesive and is slightly compressed and introduced into an air supply channel. It is solved by using the filter layer as a packing-free frameless odor generating substance and / or harmful substance filter. This adsorption filter layer is a filter medium based on the "expanded fixed bed" principle.

Self-supporting elastic adsorption filter layers are known.
That is, DE-A-3815563 describes a filter material consisting of reticulated polyurethane foam loaded with activated carbon.

In a special embodiment of the invention, an adsorption filter layer of this kind is used for air conditioning, motor vehicles or transportation. As the highly permeable carrier material, all foams having large pores (in particular, reticulated polyurethane foam) can be used.

In this case, in the skeleton of the carrier material,
The adsorbent can be fixed by an adhesive. Thus, a self-supporting adsorption filter layer results. With respect to the adsorption filter layer used according to the present invention, there is already a disposal method or a recycling method.

The adsorption filter layer must have sufficient elasticity and sufficiently high dimensional stability for use according to the present invention. The adsorbent filter layer projects by 20 cm from the mounting surface edge (for example, a table edge), and the outermost end of the edge is lowered by 2 to 10 times (particularly 2 to 5 times) the thickness of the adsorption filter layer. In that case, sufficient elasticity and sufficiently high shape stability of the adsorption filter layer can be obtained. In this case, the thicker plate has significantly less droop than the thin plate.

The advantage of using the material according to the invention is that it can be inserted directly into the air channel without the use of special packings and auxiliary foams. To facilitate insertion, of course, the air channel can be provided with a thin guide rail.

The open-pore reticulated polyurethane foam is
It can have 8-30 ppi (pores per inch). Such a form is, for example, EP-B-
340542.

An adhesive is applied to the polyurethane foam and then loaded with a suitable adsorbent having a particle size of 0.3 to 1 mm. This loading of the inner surface of the form (in particular full loading) results in a very high rigidity. However, the material is still sufficiently compressible that stressed introduction into the air-supply channel for which corresponding oversized plates are provided for this purpose. Surprisingly,
It has been found that with this use of the adsorption filter layer according to the invention, edge-area leakage (so-called "edge passage") can be avoided altogether.

According to a special embodiment of the invention, the particle size of the adsorbent is at least smaller than 3 times the particle size of the polyurethane filter. The compressibility of the loaded polyurethane foam should be at least 2% under a pressure of 1-10 N / cm ³ .

However, the adsorption filter layer can be composed of a plurality of adsorption filter layers. The thickness of each adsorption filter layer is generally 5-40 mm (especially 1
0 to 30 mm). In the case of a multilayer adsorption filter layer, the thickness of each layer is about 5-30 mm.

The following can be used as adsorbents: Activated carbon (plant material (wood, beet, coal, et
c.) carbonized and then activated material);

0.2 to 2 mm (preferably 0.3 mm)
˜1 mm), an internal surface area of at least 900 m ² / g (measured by the BET method) and a burst pressure of at least 10 N (preferably at least 30 N) (diameter 0.5 mm).
Spherical activated carbon consisting of coal tar pitch or petroleum residues (for example, GB-B-1525420, GB-B-
2012257, GB-A-2025385 or GB
-A-2053176);

0.2-2 mm (preferably 0.3 mm)
Carbon particles or carbon particles having a particle size of ˜1 mm) and an internal surface area of at least 900 m ² / g (such carbons are described, for example, by H. Kienle et al., “Akt
ivkohle und ihre industry
elle Anwundung ", Ferdinand
(Published in the company (1980)) Sulfonated styrene divinylbenzene copolymer or styrene
Carbonized, activated porous polymers based on acrylic acid copolymers (carbonized polymers of this type are described, for example, in US-A-4040990, US-A-42244).
15 or US-A-4957897);

An ion exchange resin which is based on a sulfonated styrene / divinylbenzene copolymer or a styrene / acrylic acid copolymer and which can be activated by carbonization (for example, the production of activated carbon composed of this type of ion exchange resin is described in DD-B). -063768 or DE-A-4304
No. 026) or a polystyrene resin or polyacrylic resin having a tertiary or quaternary amino group, which is a carbonizing and activating anion exchange resin, in particular a gel type ion exchange resin (of this kind of ions). Exchange resins are described, for example, in DE-A-4328219);

A (non-carbonized) porous polymer based on a styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer cross-linked by CH ₂ bridges (this polymer is commercially available, for example, from Dow Chemical Company under the trade name Sorbathene)
(Commercially available as (registered trademark));

・ Molecular sieves (especially SiO ₂
/ Hydrophobic molecular sieve with Al ₂ O ₃ module> 10) (commercially available, for example, under the trade name DAY-Zeolith® from Degussa).

The adsorbent is, for example, DE-A-38135.
According to No. 63, it can be incorporated into a polyurethane foam.

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adsorption filter layer comprises 50 to 400 g / l of adsorbent (preferably 150 to 350 g / l).

The amount of adhesive used in the adsorption filter layer is ± 50% by weight of the highly breathable carrier material. As the adhesive, a crosslinkable organic polymer (for example, acrylic acid derivative, polyurethane derivative, polystyrene derivative,
Polycyanate derivatives, polyvinyl acetate derivatives or melt adhesives) can be used. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the adhesives used are solvent-free prepolymer two-component systems based on masking diisocyanates and / or polyisocyanates which are crosslinked with diamines and / or polyamines. The adhesive has a good initial adhesion capacity and exhibits a remarkable minimum viscosity which gives optimum adhesion during the crosslinking stage. This minimum viscosity of the adhesive minimizes the contact area between the carrier material and the adsorbent, and thus keeps the carrier material highly breathable.
A system of this kind is preferably manufactured by Bayer AG under the name "IMPR".
ANIL (registered trademark), High, Solid, PUR
-A system that is commercially available under the name "Reaktivproduct".

Another preferred adhesive consists of unmasked diisocyanate polymers and / or polyisocyanates. An adhesive of this kind is, for example, from Levacast® Addukt 43 from Bayer.
It is marketed under the name 131N. The cross-linking reaction is initiated based on the water content in the adsorbent.

The filter layer used according to the invention is
It may also consist of multiple overlapping adsorption filter layers having the same different properties with respect to thickness, adsorbent or adhesive.

Furthermore, the elastic adsorption filter layer can be constructed so as to have an arc curved slightly convex toward the inflow side.
Thus, on the one hand, the mechanical load capacity of the adsorption filter layer can be increased and, on the other hand, the adsorption filter layer can be compressed by the air flow along the air supply channel (or guide rail), thus further improving the sealing performance. .

In another embodiment of the invention, a supplementary reinforcing element is provided between the adsorption filter layers or at the outlet side of the air supply channel. This reinforcing element likewise has no packing and no frame. A lattice, in particular a polyamide lattice, is suitable for this reinforcing element.

By using an adsorbent filter layer according to the invention in the air supply channel for the removal of odor-producing substances or harmful substances, no frame or packing is required, so that on the one hand manufacturing costs are reduced. ,
On the other hand, disposal is possible without essentially damaging the environment. Moreover, the use of this adsorption filter layer has the advantage that the filter medium can be easily replaced. In this case, an attachable / detachable lid may be provided on the upper surface of the air channel or on any touchable portion so that the filter medium can be touched. The medium, which is slightly compressed and introduced into the air channel, can be taken out and renewed if necessary. Similarly, the above-mentioned adsorption filter layer can be installed at the exhaust port of the air conditioning equipment of the building without using the edge packing and the auxiliary frame. Moreover, self-supporting inelastic plate filters cannot be installed on the air channel without the use of elastic packing. Furthermore, even if you use this type of packing,
It is difficult to fix the filter plate without using the auxiliary frame.

[0030]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below with reference to examples.

Example 1 100 parts of Impran on 12 ppi, 30 g / l volume weight and 20 mm thick reticulated polyurethane foam.
il HS 62 and 6, 2 parts Imprafix
A mixture of HSC was applied and compressed. The compression effect is 10
It is 0%. Then, the form mat is sprinkled with spherical activated carbon based on pitch, and excess activated carbon is removed, and the temperature is increased to 160 °.
At (2 min) the adhesive was allowed to set. The spherical activated carbon has a diameter of 0.4 to 0.6 mm and an inner surface area of 110.
0 m ² / g and the amount is 195 g / l.

A screw-fastening lid was provided at the place where the filter material was introduced into the air channel. The side walls, bottom and lid have U-shaped guide rails with a height of about 3 mm, which are glued to the air channel by means of an adhesive (epoxy resin) used in the aircraft industry, with a spacing of 39 mm. A plate of 298 x 398 x 39 mm is accurately press-fit into the guide rail.

Then, from the loaded form, 306 ×
Two 408 x 20.5 mm plates were cut out and pushed into the guide rails with slight pressure and the lid was closed.

On the other hand, for comparison, 290 × 390 × 2
Two 0.5 mm foam plates were foamed and filled in a synthetic resin frame, and the frame was introduced into an air channel. Toluene 1000pp in nitrogen of 0.5m / s
Unexpectedly, comparative measurements made using m revealed that the filter inserted without the packin showed no detectable edge passage. This is because the introduction of a filter plate, which is rather large and easy to compress, into the air channel completely seals the edges. The initial leak was ≦ 1 ppm. By removing the normal filter frame (including the foam filling part), about 1
A filter area of 0% is obtained, and thus finally
The filter ability is improved.

Updating the filter elements is quite simple. That is, after opening the lid and pulling out the filter element, a new filter plate may be inserted.

Example 2 The same operation as in Example 1 was carried out. However, a carbonized and activated cation exchange resin (sulfonated styrene / divinylbenzene copolymer) was used instead of the activated carbon spherical particles. No comparative measurements were made.

Example 3 The same operation as in Example 2 was carried out. However, a porous polymer as an adsorbent (Sorbat of Dow Chemical Co.
ene) was used. The amount of adsorbent introduced is only 165 g /
It's just l. The initial leak is about 2 ppm, somewhat higher than in Example 2.

Example 4 In this case, a hydrophobic molecular sieve (DA from Degussa)
A pressed material having a size of about 1 mm and made of Y. Zeolith) was loaded on the filter tamat. 9 for carrier form
It was possible to load 5 g / l.

Example 5 In this case, in order to complete the spherical activated carbon of Example 1, high-value carbon pieces (particle size 0.5 to 0.8 mm, inner surface area 1
650 m ² / g). No decrease in coating amount was observed-145 g / l compared to 185 g / l for spherical activated carbon
-As expected, no edge-passing property was observed.

Example 6 The same operation as in Example 5 was carried out. However, a coarse grid (40 × 40 mm window) made of steel wire with a diameter of 1 mm was introduced as a reinforcement between both filter plates.
Such a grid, although not required, has been found to be particularly useful in hot areas. For reinforcement, of course, other materials can be used. Furthermore, a reinforcing material can be installed in addition to the outlet.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI Technical display location F24F 13/28 (72) Inventor Jonas Tohnblom Federal Republic of Germany Day 40699 Erkrat, Am, Düsselfel 42

Claims (27)

[Claims] 1. A non-packing, frameless odor generating substance of a self-supporting elastic adsorption filter layer which is made of a highly permeable carrier material having an adsorbent fixed by an adhesive and is slightly compressed and introduced into an air supply channel, And / or use as a filter for hazardous substances. 2. Use according to claim 1 for air conditioning. 3. Claim 1 in a car or means of transportation.
Or use of 2. 4. Use according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the breathable carrier material consists of reticulated polyurethane foam with large pores. 5. Use according to claim 4, characterized in that the adsorbent is fixed to the skeleton of the polyurethane foam by means of an adhesive. 6. The polyurethane foam is 8 to 30 pp.
6. Porosity of i, 6.
Use of. 7. Use according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the particle size of the adsorbent is at least smaller than 1/3 of the pore size of the polyurethane foam. 8. Use according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the degree of compression of the charged polyurethane foam is at least 2% at a pressure of 1 to 10 N / cm ³ . 9. Use according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the adsorption filter layer comprises a multilayer adsorption filter layer. 10. The thickness of the adsorption filter layer is 5 to 40 m.
Use according to one of the claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it is m (especially 10 to 30 mm). 11. Use according to claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the adsorbent is activated carbon. 12. Use according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the adsorbent consists of spherical activated carbon with a diameter of 0.2 to 2 mm (preferably 0.3 to 1 mm). 13. Spherical activated carbon is at least 900 m ²
Use according to claim 12, characterized in that it has an internal surface area (BET method) of / g. 14. Use according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the spherical activated carbon has a burst pressure of at least 10 N (preferably at least 30 N) when using balls with a diameter of 0.5 mm. 15. The adsorbent has a diameter of 0.2 to 2 mm (preferably 0.3 to 1 mm) and an internal surface area ≧ 900 m ² /
Use according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that it consists of g of carbon flakes or carbon particles. 16. An adsorbent comprising a carbonized, activatable porous polymer based on a sulfonated styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer or a styrene-acrylic acid copolymer. Use as described in one. 17. The adsorbent comprises a carbonizing and activating cation exchange resin based on a sulfonated styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer or a styrene-acrylic acid copolymer. Use as described in one. 18. The adsorbent comprises a carbonization-activating anion exchange resin based on a polystyrene resin or a polyacrylic resin having a tertiary or quaternary amino group. use. 19. Use according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the adsorbent consists of a porous polymer based on a styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer crosslinked via CH ₂ bridges. . 20. Use according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the adsorbent consists of hydrophobic molecular sieve shaped pieces. 21. The amount of adsorbent contained in the adsorption filter layer is 50 to 400 g / l (preferably 150 to 350).
Use according to one of the claims 1 to 20, characterized in that it is g / l). 22. The amount of adhesive applied corresponds to the weight of the foam within a range of ± 50%.
Use according to one of 21. 23. The adhesive comprises a crosslinkable organic polymer (eg, acrylic acid derivative, polyurethane derivative, polystyrene derivative, polycyanate derivative, polyvinyl acetate derivative or melt adhesive). Use according to one of 22. 24. The adhesive comprises a solvent-free prepolymer two-component system based on masking diisocyanates and / or polyisocyanates which are crosslinked with diamines and / or polyamines. Use of 23. 25. Use according to claim 23 or 24, characterized in that the adhesive comprises unmasked diisocyanate polymers and / or polyisocyanates. 26. Use according to one of claims 1 to 25, characterized in that the adsorption filter layer is convexly curved towards the inflow side. 27. Element according to one of claims 1 to 26, characterized in that a supplementary reinforcing element is provided between the adsorption filter layers or on the outlet side of the air supply channel.