JPH08177377A - Tunnel boring machine and tunnel excavation method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To continuously bore a tunnel even at the time of drawing a rear barrel section with a front barrel section kept at a fixing process, regarding a tunnel boring machine formed out of a front barrel section and a rear barrel section slidably jointed thereto. CONSTITUTION: A tunnel boring machine 10 is formed out of a front barrel section 12 having a cutter head 11 on the front end thereof for excavating a tunnel face, a rear barrel section 13 slidably jointed thereto and equipped with a gripper 23, a thrust jack 14 laid between the sections 12 and 13 so as to expand and contract for the slidable expansion and contraction thereof, and a shield jack 17 extended from the section 12 to a segment 16. The section 12 is caused to advance on boring reaction from the jack 17, even at the time of drawing the section 13 toward the section 12, and a tunnel boring work is thereby continued.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tunnel machine and a method for excavating a tunnel, and more particularly, to a front body portion provided with a cutter head for excavating a facet at a tip thereof and slidable with respect to the front body portion. Tunnel excavator, which is composed of a rear body part and is equipped with a gripper that is continuously connected to the ground and projects outward to press the outer ground to obtain a reaction force for excavation, and excavation of a tunnel using this tunnel machine. Regarding the method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, a tunnel boring machine has been used as a machine for excavating and forming a mountain tunnel by mechanical excavation without relying on blasting.
A tunnel machine having a front body and a rear body is known.

That is, this tunnel excavator generally has a front body portion provided with a cutter head for excavating a face, a front gripper projecting outwardly and pressing the outer ground, and a front body portion. A rear trunk part that is slidably connected to each other and has a main gripper that projects outward and presses the outer ground, and a thrust jack that connects the rear trunk part and the front trunk part to each other in an extendable manner. Consisting of and, while projecting the main gripper of the rear trunk part to obtain the excavation reaction force from the ground on the outer periphery, extending the thrust jack and performing the tunnel excavation work with the cutter head of the front trunk part, and after that, Repeating the steps of projecting the front gripper of the front torso and receiving the supporting reaction force from the outer ground, retracting the main gripper of the rear torso and contracting the thrust jack to pull the rear torso. Accordingly, those going by excavating a tunnel in a so-called inchworm-like.

In the tunnel excavator, the surrounding ground, such as a rock formation, is stable, fixing reaction force by each gripper can be easily obtained, and protection by unmanned construction or sprayed concrete is mainly performed. It is used for the ground that can be easily held without excavating the ground on the inner surface of the tunnel after excavation, but the geological conditions such as fault crush zone and soft layer Even if it is necessary to excavate and form a tunnel through poor ground, in order to enable excavation work by such a tunnel machine, the shield mechanism used in recent years when excavating and forming a shield tunnel has been adopted. Tunnel machine is being developed.

That is, according to the tunnel machine having this shield mechanism, for example, a cylinder forming a working space for assembling a segment as a lining body covering the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel is formed at the rear of the rear trunk. -Like outer shell, and a shield jack for obtaining a propulsive reaction force from the assembled segment, by obtaining a digging reaction force by this shield jack, even when passing through the ground in poor geological conditions,
It has a structure that allows stable digging work.

[0006]

However, according to the tunnel excavator equipped with the above-mentioned conventional shield mechanism, the work of pulling the rear trunk portion while projecting the front gripper of the front trunk portion and fixing it to the outer ground is performed. When this is done, there is a problem that the excavation work cannot be performed efficiently because the excavation work cannot be performed by the front body portion.

Further, since the shield jack pushes out the front body portion and the rear body portion in front of the shield jack as a unit, the gripper of the rear body portion is retracted during the pushing operation by the shield jack. Therefore, there is a problem that the gripper on the rear torso cannot be effectively used.

Further, there is a problem that the excavation work by the front body portion cannot be performed while the shield jack is contracted to assemble the segments.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and it is possible to continuously perform the excavation work even when the work of pulling the rear body portion while fixing the front body portion is performed. An object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel machine and a tunnel excavation method.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel excavator and a tunnel excavating method capable of performing excavation work while effectively utilizing the gripper of the rear trunk portion.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a tunnel excavator and a tunnel excavating method capable of performing excavation work by the front body portion even when the shield jack is contracted to assemble the segments. To do.

[0012]

The present invention has been made in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, and its gist is to provide a front body portion provided with a cutter head for excavating a face face at the tip, and the front body portion. A rear body part provided with a gripper that is slidably connected to the rear body part and projects outward to press the outer ground to obtain a digging reaction force, and the rear body part and the front body part. A first telescopic jack installed between them to telescopically slide,
A tunnel machine having a second telescopic jack having a front end attached to the front trunk portion and a rear end extending to a lining body installed in a tunnel pit behind the rear trunk portion.

Another aspect of the present invention is a method for excavating a tunnel by the tunnel excavator, which comprises advancing a second telescopic jack from the front trunk portion to the tip of the lining body, thereby advancing the excavation reaction force. And obtaining a digging reaction force by projecting a gripper provided on the rear trunk portion, and performing a tunnel digging operation by extending the first telescopic jack to move the front trunk portion forward, By extending the second telescopic jack from the front trunk portion to the tip of the lining body, the digging reaction force of the front trunk portion is obtained from the lining body to perform the tunneling work, and the rear trunk portion is also provided. A step of retracting the gripper provided in the first retractable jack and retracting the first telescopic jack to draw the rear body part toward the front body part side; Meanwhile, the tunnel digging operation is performed by extending the first telescopic jack and advancing the front trunk portion, and at the same time, contracting the second telescopic jack to retract the rear end thereof and the tip of the lining body. And a step of newly providing a lining body between the two, and a tunnel excavation method is characterized in that the tunnel is excavated by repeating the steps.

[0014]

According to the tunnel excavator and the method for excavating a tunnel of the present invention, the second telescopic jack has the tip attached to the front barrel and the rear end installed in the tunnel pit behind the rear barrel. Because it extends to the body,
While carrying out the tunneling work by the front body part by obtaining the digging reaction force from the lining body via the second expansion jack, the first expansion jack is contracted to move the rear body part to the front body part side. Can be attracted.

Further, since the second telescopic jack extends from the lining body to the front torso portion and directly pushes out the front torso portion without passing through the rear torso portion, even if the rear torso portion is fixed, the second When the front and rear body parts are not obstructed by the telescopic jack, and therefore the ground around the back body is in a state where it can press the gripper, the gripper is projected and the surrounding ground A more stable excavation work can be achieved by obtaining a reaction force from the excavation.

Further, when the ground around the rear trunk is in a state where the gripper can be pressed,
Even during the work of contracting the second telescopic jack and installing a new lining body between the rear end of the second telescopic jack and the tip of the lining body, the gripper is projected and the excavation from the surrounding ground is performed. It is possible to perform tunnel excavation work by the front trunk while obtaining reaction force.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view showing a work process when a tunnel excavation work is performed using the tunnel machine 10 according to this embodiment.

That is, the tunnel machine 1 of this embodiment
As shown in FIG. 1, reference numeral 0 denotes a front body portion 12 having a cutter head 11 for excavating a cutting face at the tip, and a rear body portion slidably connected to the front body portion 12. 13, a pair of thrust jacks 14 provided as a first telescopic jack that is provided between the rear body portion 13 and the front body portion 12 to extend and retract to slide the rear body portion 13 and the front body portion 12 in a telescopic manner. ,
The front end is attached to the front body part 12, and the rear end is
It is configured by a shield jack 17 as a second telescopic jack extending to the segment 16 as a lining body installed on the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel 15 behind the rear body portion 13.

The front body 12 has the same structure as the front body forming a tunnel boring machine known as a tunnel excavator. For example, the front body 12 has a cylindrical outer shell 18 having a diameter of about 5 m. A cutter head 11 is rotatably attached to the outer shell body 18, and, for example, a roller cutter is attached to the cutter head 11, and the roller cutter is pressed against the ground of the face to crush it. Hard ground such as rock can be easily excavated. According to the tunnel excavator 10 in this embodiment, the front gripper provided on the front trunk of the conventional tunnel boring machine for projecting outward to obtain a supporting reaction force from the outer ground is, Not necessarily required.

On the other hand, the rear body portion 13 has the same structure as the rear body portion constituting the tunnel boring machine known as a tunnel excavator, like the front body portion 12,
For example, it is composed of a cylindrical outer shell body 19 having a diameter of about 5 m, and its front portion 20 is fitted to the outer shell body 18 of the front body portion 12 so as to be slidable and expandable. At 21, a working space 22 for assembling the segment 16 can be formed inside the outer shell body 19. Further, a gripper 23 is provided on the rear body portion 13 so as to be able to advance and retreat so as to project outward and press the outer peripheral ground. The gripper 23 is projected to fix the rear body portion 13 to the outer peripheral ground. As a result, the excavation reaction force for excavation work by the front body portion 12 can be obtained.

It should be noted that the telescopic sliding portion consisting of the rear portion of the front body portion 12 and the front portion of the rear body portion 13 may be configured as a middle body portion. Further, the outer shell 1 of the rear body portion 13 and the front body portion 12
Various power units, a device for carrying out excavation slips, a device for assembling segments, and the like are provided in the insides of 8 and 19, and they are moved along with the excavation work of the tunnel machine 10 that is provided after these. On the work trolley, there are also various power units, digging slots, and equipment for loading and unloading equipment.

A pair of thrust jacks 14 for connecting the front body portion 12 and the rear body portion 13 also have a structure similar to that of a thrust jack forming a tunnel boring machine known as a tunnel machine. Both ends are fixed to the front body portion 12 or the rear body portion 13 by, for example, pin connection, and the thrust jacks 14 are expanded and contracted to slide the sliding portions of the front body portion 12 and the rear body portion 13. The tunnel machine 10 is thereby expanded and contracted.

Further, the shield jack 17 extending from the front body portion 12 to the assembled segment 16 has a structure similar to that of a shield jack which is conventionally known and constitutes a shield machine used in a shield construction method. For example, the assembled segment 1 is fixed to the front body portion 12 by pin connection and has a support plate 25 at the rear end.
A digging reaction force can be stably obtained from the tip surface of No. 6. In FIG. 1, the segment 16 is assembled only in the lower part of the tunnel 15, and the shield jack 17 is omitted so that only one shield jack 17 is provided. It is installed all around along the inner surface,
A plurality of shield jacks 17 are provided along the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel machine 10 at predetermined intervals.

Then, in order to excavate the tunnel 15 by using the tunnel machine 10 having the above-mentioned structure,
As one of the steps, as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the shield jack 17 is extended from the front body portion 12 to the tip of the assembled segment 16 to obtain a digging reaction force, and the rear body portion 13 The thrust jack 14 is extended to move the front body portion 12 forward while projecting the provided gripper 23 to obtain a reaction force for excavation, thereby cutting the head 11.
To dig the tunnel. That is, the excavation work can be performed more stably while the excavation reaction force is obtained by both the shield jack 17 and the gripper 23. It should be noted that it is not always necessary to obtain the digging reaction force by the gripper 23, and when the condition of the ground around the outer periphery is bad and the gripper cannot be pressed, the digging reaction force is obtained only from the shield jack 17 for excavation work. be able to.

When the excavation work of a predetermined length by the extension of the thrust jack 14 is completed, the next step is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, the thrust jack 14 is contracted to pull the rear body portion 13 toward the front body portion 12 side. That is, when the gripper 23 of the rear torso portion 13 is pressed against the natural ground on the outer periphery, the gripper 23 is retracted to release the fixed state, and at the same time, the reaction force for pulling from the segment 16 via the shield jack 17 is applied. The attracting work is performed while obtaining. Even during the pulling operation, the front jack 12 can be obtained by further extending the shield jack 17.
It is possible to continue tunnel excavation work while moving forward.

When the supporting reaction force is applied by the shield jack 17 and the work for pulling the rear body portion 13 is completed, the shield jack 17 is contracted as shown in FIG. A new segment 16 'is assembled between the existing segment 16 and the tip of the existing segment 16. Such work can be easily performed by using the segment assembly device provided inside the outer shell body 19 of the rear body portion 13. When the ground around the rear trunk portion 13 is in a state where the gripper 23 can be pressed, the gripper 23 is projected to obtain the excavation reaction force from the surrounding ground while the segment 16 ' Even during the assembling work, the tunnel excavation work by the front body portion 12 can be continued.

After the assembly work of the segment 16 'is completed, the shield jack 17 is brought into contact with the assembled segment 16' to return to the state shown in FIGS. By repeating it, the tunnel excavation work can be performed efficiently.

[0028]

As described in detail above, according to the tunnel excavator and the tunnel excavating method of the present invention, the excavation reaction force is obtained from the lining body through the second telescopic jack and the front trunk portion is used. While the tunnel excavation work is being performed, the first telescopic jack can be contracted to draw the rear trunk portion toward the front trunk portion side, which can improve the efficiency and speed of the tunnel excavation operation.

In addition, when the ground around the rear trunk is in a state where the gripper can be pressed, in addition to the digging reaction force from the lining body through the second telescopic jack, the gripper is added. By projecting and obtaining the reaction force of excavation from the surrounding natural ground, the excavation work can be performed more stably.

Further, when the ground around the rear trunk is in a state where the gripper can be pressed,
Even during the work of contracting the second telescopic jack and installing a new lining body between the rear end of the second telescopic jack and the tip of the lining body, the gripper is projected and the excavation from the surrounding ground is performed. By obtaining the reaction force, the tunnel excavation work by the front trunk portion can be continued.

[Brief description of drawings]

1 (a) to 1 (d) are schematic explanatory views showing a work process when a tunnel excavation work is performed using a tunnel excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Tunnel Machine 11 Cutter Head 12 Front Body 13 Rear Body 14 Thrust Jack (First Telescopic Jack) 15 Tunnel 16, 16 'Segment 17 Shield Jack (Second Telescopic Jack) 18 Outer Shell of Front Body 19 Outer shell of rear body 22 Work space 23 Gripper

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A front body part having a cutter head for excavating a face face at its tip, and a front body part slidably connected to the front body part and projecting outward to press the outer peripheral ground. A rear body portion provided with a gripper that obtains a reaction force for excavation, a first telescopic jack provided between the rear body portion and the front body portion to extend and retract, and a front end portion of the front body portion. And a second telescopic jack, the rear end of which extends to a lining body installed inside the tunnel pit behind the rear trunk portion. 2. A front torso portion having a cutter head for excavating a face face at the tip, and a slidable continuous body connected to the front torso portion and projecting outward to press the outer peripheral ground. A rear body portion provided with a gripper that obtains a reaction force for excavation, a first telescopic jack provided between the rear body portion and the front body portion to extend and retract, and a front end portion of the front body portion. A method of excavating a tunnel by a tunnel machine equipped with a second telescopic jack, the rear end of which is extended to a lining body installed in the tunnel pit behind the rear trunk, While the digging reaction force is obtained by extending the second expansion jack to the tip of the lining body, the gripper provided on the rear trunk is projected outward to obtain the digging reaction force, and the first expansion and contraction is performed. To extend the jack and move the front body forward The step of performing the excavation work of the tunnel and extending the second telescopic jack from the front body portion to the tip of the lining body to obtain the digging reaction force of the front body portion from the lining body to obtain the tunnel. The step of pulling the rear body part toward the front body part by retracting the gripper provided on the rear body part and contracting the first telescopic jack, While digging the gripper to obtain a digging reaction force, while digging the tunnel by extending the first telescopic jack and advancing the front barrel, the second telescopic jack is contracted to A method of excavating a tunnel, comprising a step of newly providing a lining body between a rear end of the lining body and a front end of the lining body, the method comprising excavating and forming the tunnel by repeating the steps.