JPH0818544B2 - Fifth wheel device for turning vehicles - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vehicle turning fifth wheel device capable of setting a vehicle turning fifth wheel at a predetermined angle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Ordinary so-called 2W for steering only front wheels
Since the S car is extremely inconvenient when parked in a narrow space, the present inventor has previously proposed Japanese Utility Model Application No. 2-406818. As shown in FIG. 11 and subsequent figures, the invention of the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application No. 2-406818 is an operation in which one end is supported by the vehicle body B and can be rotated by the actuator 2 on the rear lower surface of the front wheel drive type automobile 1 which can lock one of the front wheels. The other end of the arm 3 and the other end of the support link 4 whose one end is rotatably supported by the vehicle body B at a predetermined distance from the actuating arm 3 are connected to the fifth wheel for storing vehicle turning (hereinafter referred to as the fifth wheel). 5) is rotatably connected to both ends of an upstanding support arm 7 of a wheel carrier 6 that horizontally rotatably supports them by pins 8 and 9, respectively. A car equipped with the above device is preferably a so-called FF car that drives front wheels, and as shown in FIG.
For example, an engine 11, a clutch 12, and a transaxle 14 including a differential mechanism 13 are installed in series on the axes of the front wheels 10, 10 ', and the power of the engine 11 is transmitted to the front wheels 10, 10' via these drive mechanisms. Is configured to. Further, as shown in FIG. 13, the automobile 1 uses a diagonal split system as a service brake system, and one of the split master cylinders 16 operated by the brake pedal 15 is a brake 10a for the right front wheel 10 and a left rear wheel 17 '. Brake 1
7'a is connected by a brake pipe 18 ', and the other is a brake 10'a for the left front wheel 10' and a brake 1 for the right rear wheel 17.
7a is provided with a brake pipe 18, and when the brake switch 20 is turned on by providing the master cylinder 16 with an electromagnetic check valve 19 of a braking device as shown in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60-12360. Brake fluid is confined in 18 'to lock the brake 10a of the front wheel 10 and the brake 17'a of the left rear wheel 17'. When the automobile 1 having the above configuration is going to be parked in a narrow space, this will be described with reference to FIG. 15. First, the front portion of the automobile 1 is slid diagonally from the rear to the place where the vehicle is to be parked, and the foot brake is applied. Actuator 2
Is operated, the operating arm 3 rotates counterclockwise.
(Figure 12). This causes the support arm 7 of the carrier 6 to rotate in the clockwise direction with the other end supported by the support link 4 to move to the fifth position.
The wheel 5 comes into contact with the ground, which causes the rear part of the vehicle to rise as shown in FIG. At this time, the support arm 7 of the carrier 6 becomes horizontal, but the reaction force from the fifth wheel 5 is received by the support link 4 and the operating arm 3. By moving the vehicle 1 forward, the left front wheel 10 'rotates forward as described above,
The rear part of the vehicle is rotated leftward by the fifth wheel 6 centering on the right front wheel 10, and the movement to the parking place is completed. After the parking is completed, the foot brake is applied again, the actuator 2 is reversely operated, and if the operation arm 3 is rotated clockwise in the opposite direction to the previous time, the carrier 6 is rotated counterclockwise and lifted. Then, it stands upright gradually and the fifth wheel 5 becomes horizontal. In the ascending process, the rear wheels 17, 17 'come into contact with the ground. Here, one of the front wheels (for example, the right wheel 10) is unlocked, and the normal parking brake is applied. When exiting from the parking position, the brake is applied in the same manner as described above, and then the actuator 2 is operated, whereby the operation arm 3 rotates counterclockwise. This causes the support arm 7 of the carrier 6 to rotate in the clockwise direction with the other end supported by the support link 4 and the fifth wheel 5 to come into contact with the ground.
As a result, the rear part of the vehicle is raised as shown in FIG. As a result, the rear wheels 17, 17 'of the automobile float, so that one of the front wheels (for example, the right wheel 10) is locked in the same braking state as described above and the brake 10'a on the other side 10' is released to release the automobile 1 The reverse mechanism, the differential mechanism 1
The other one of the front wheels 10 'rotates rearwardly by means of 3, so that the fifth wheel 6 causes the vehicle 1 to rotate about one of the front wheels 10.
Rotates in the direction opposite to the above, causing the rear part of the vehicle to escape from the parking position. Here, if the brake is applied again and the actuator 2 is operated in the opposite direction to the above, the support link 4 is rotated upward to cause the carrier 6 to move the fifth wheel 5 from the vertical state to the horizontal state. As a result, the rear wheels 17, 17 'of the vehicle land, so the brakes and brake locks can be released, the vehicle can be moved backward as usual, and then moved forward. With the above configuration, parking becomes much easier than before,
In addition, if the function originally possessed by the car is used,
Since there is no need to provide a special drive mechanism for operating the wheels, the mechanism can be simple and the cost can be reduced, the weight can be reduced, and there is no problem in weight balance.

[0003]

However, in the fifth wheel device for turning a vehicle provided with the lifting device for the fifth wheel according to the invention of Japanese Patent Application No. 2-406818, the fifth wheel 5 is the central axis of the vehicle. And the lifting device is fixed to the lower surface of the vehicle body by previously orienting the fifth wheel in the tangential direction of a circle whose radius is the distance from the front wheel 10 as the center of rotation to the fifth wheel 5. . Therefore, for example, the behavior of the vehicle during parking becomes unique, the turning radius and the turning direction cannot be changed, and it is unsuitable for width adjustment. For this reason, the inventors of the present invention previously disclosed, in Japanese Patent Application No. 3-579939, a turntable rotatably installed on the lower surface of a vehicle body to which a lifting device for the fifth wheel is attached, and the control device causes the fifth wheel to move at a predetermined steering angle. I applied for a fifth wheel device for turning the vehicle that was set while setting it down, but this is capable of advanced control of the lifting device, but the device is complicated and large-scale and heavy. In view of the above, the present invention makes it possible to change the turning radius and the turning direction of the vehicle when the fifth wheel is used in a vehicle including the fifth wheel for turning the vehicle with a simpler mechanism. It was invented for the purpose of providing a wheel device.

[0004]

A fifth wheel device for turning a vehicle according to the present invention for achieving the above object, is a lifting and lowering of a fifth wheel, wherein a wheel carrier supporting the fifth wheel is lifted and lowered by an actuator through an elevating and lowering member. Between the fifth wheel and the wheel carrier in the device, a bearing portion, a support portion rotatably supported by the bearing portion by a shaft, a rotation angle regulation mechanism between the bearing portion and the support portion, and the bearing. A steering actuator engaged between the portion and the support portion is installed.

[0005]

[Operation] The fifth wheel device for turning a vehicle of the present invention is such that before or after the lifting device is actuated, if pressure oil is sent to one or the other partitioned by the piston in the actuator according to a command, the support part Rotates until it is regulated by the rotation angle regulation mechanism, and the fifth wheel lands and pushes up the vehicle body, the fifth wheel is positioned in a predetermined direction and at a predetermined angle. Therefore, thereafter, the vehicle can be turned by the fifth wheel by the same operation as described above. When the turning of the vehicle is completed and the fifth wheel is stowed, if the pressure oil in the actuator is removed after the ascending process or after the ascending, the actuator is returned to the original position by the return mechanism to the original position. The fifth wheel also returns to the posture before the operation of the lifting device.

[0006]

1 to 10 show an embodiment of a fifth wheel device for turning a vehicle according to the present invention. The device is arranged in a rear trunk compartment of a vehicle, for example, a passenger car or below it. The structure is shown in FIG. 11 and FIG.
It is similar to the invention of No. 818. That is, 4 is a support link, which is formed by bending one pipe 21 into a half-frame shape and crushing both ends thereof to form a mounting portion 21a, and an upper end portion 21b thereof is rotatable about a vehicle body B through a bearing 22. It is supported. Numerals 3 and 3 are left and right pairs of actuating arms and are connected by half-frame type connecting bars 3a and 3b, and one end thereof is separated by a shaft 23 and a shaft 25 described later by about the diameter of the fifth wheel 5. Are rotatably supported on the vehicle body B by brackets 24, 24. Reference numeral 2 denotes an actuator, which is provided near the one end of one of the actuating arms 3 and is provided with the bracket 24.
The actuator 2 is supported by, for example, a piston in a hydraulic cylinder that is moved by receiving hydraulic pressure.
A gear that engages with a rack attached to a piston rod is rotated, and the operating arms 3 can be rotated via a shaft 25 to which the gear is fixed. Reference numeral 6 denotes a wheel carrier. The support arms 7, 7 are attached to both ends of the thick round pipe 26 at right angles to the same by welding or the like in the same phase, and the mounting portion 27 of the fifth wheel 5 is provided at the center of the thick round pipe 26. The upper surface of the fifth wheel mounting portion 27 is formed at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the support arms 7, 7. The entire length of the wheel carrier 6 is substantially the same as the inner method of the half frame of the support link 4 and the operating arms 3 and 3. The other ends (tips) of the operating arms 3 and 3 are connected to the upper ends of the support arms 7 and 7 of the wheel carrier 6 by pins 8 and the left and right mounting portions 21a of the support links 4 are attached to the support arms 7. By connecting the fifth wheel 5 to the fifth wheel mounting portion 27 of the wheel carrier 6 rotatably by connecting the pin 9 near the lower end, the basic structure of the fifth wheel lifting device for vehicle turning of the present invention is constructed. To be done. The fifth wheel 5 will be described with reference to FIG. 4. A wheel hub 30 is attached to a spindle 28 via a bearing 29, and a brake device 31 is fixed to the inside of the hub 30 by a wheel pin 32 having a screw. On the outside of the wheel hub 30, a spare tire T that serves as a turning wheel is set in accordance with the wheel pin 32 and fixed by a wheel nut 33. The fifth wheel device according to the present invention is, in addition to the above-described basic configuration, a fifth wheel device that moves the wheel carrier 27 up and down by an actuator 2 via elevating members such as support arms 7, 7, actuating arms 3, 3, support links 4. Between the fifth wheel 5 and the wheel carrier 6 in the lifting device for the wheel 5, the bearing portion 4 is provided.
1, a support portion 43 rotatably supported on the bearing portion 41 by a shaft 42, a rotation angle regulation mechanism 44 disposed between the bearing portion 41 and the support portion 43, and the bearing portion 41. The steering actuator 45 engaged between the support portions 43 is installed. In detail shown in FIGS. 4 to 10,
The bearing portion 41 is attached to a plate 47 fixed to the fifth wheel attachment portion 27 of the wheel carrier 6 by a bolt / nut 46,
Triangular support plates 48, 4 arranged in parallel at a predetermined distance
8 is fixed, and a shaft hole 48a is formed in the tip portion thereof. The support portion 43 is formed by fixing a bearing boss 50 fitted between the tips of the support plates 48 and 48 of the bearing portion 41 on one surface of a plate 49 to which the base end of the spindle 28 of the fifth wheel is joined. The support plates 48, 48 near the tip
A shaft hole 50a having the same shape as that of the shaft hole 48a is formed.
Further, angle regulating plates 51, 51 are erected and fixed to the plate 49 in close proximity to both sides of the bearing boss 50 in the direction of the shaft hole 50a. The angle regulating plates 51, 51 are formed with V-shaped recesses 51a at the ends thereof which are slightly wider than the tip end angles of the triangular support plates 48, 48, and are formed between the tip ends of the triangular support plates 48, 48. Then, for example, the fifth wheel 5 is set to be rotatable by 15 degrees, and the rotation angle regulation mechanism 44 is formed. The support part 43 has its bearing boss 50 fitted between the tips of the support plates 48, 48 of the bearing part 41, and the washer 52 is arranged by aligning the shaft holes 48a and 50a with the tips of the support plates 48, 48 sandwiched. After that, the shaft 42 is inserted into the shaft holes 48a and 50a, and the split pin 53 is passed through the lower end of the shaft 42 to remove it. As shown in FIG. 7, the steering actuator 45 includes a cylinder 54 having oil inlets / outlets 55, 55 ′ at both ends opened and the other end covered with a lid 56, and a rod 59 arranged in the cylinder 54. It is composed of a fixed piston 58 and return springs 61 and 62 which are arranged on both sides of the piston 58 and which constantly push the piston 58 so that it is in the center of the cylinder. Joints 57 attached to the cylinder 54 and the rod 59 respectively. , 60 are rotatably engaged with the metal fittings 64, 63 fixed to the plate 47 of the bearing portion 41 and the plate 49 of the support portion 42. In the fifth wheel device according to the present invention having the above-described configuration, the support link 4 is directed toward the front of the vehicle,
The bearing 22 brackets 24, 24 are used by fixing them to the vehicle body B by aligning the center line (not shown) of the device with the vehicle center line. When the fifth wheel device for turning a vehicle of the present invention having the above-mentioned configuration does not charge the pressure oil from the oil inlet / outlet port 55 or 55 ′ of the cylinder 54 to either one or the other of the two divided by the piston 58 in the steering actuator 45. Is
The actuator 45 does not extend or contract, and therefore, even when the fifth wheel 5 is lowered, the fifth wheel 5 is at right angles to the center line of the vehicle as shown in FIG. 8B as shown in FIG. 8B. Next, before the operation of the lifting device or during the descent, the oil inlet / outlet port 55 of the cylinder 54 is divided into one (left side in FIG. 7) or the other (right side in FIG. 7) partitioned by the piston 58 in the steering actuator 45 according to a command. When pressure oil is charged from 55 ', the steering actuator 45 expands or contracts, and as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the fifth wheel 5 has a supporting portion until the angle regulating plates 51, 51 contact the supporting plate 48. Rotate until regulated by the rotation angle regulation mechanism,
When the fifth wheel 5 lands and pushes up the vehicle body, the fifth wheel 5 is positioned in a predetermined direction and at a predetermined angle. Therefore, thereafter, the vehicle can be turned by the fifth wheel 5 by the same operation as described above. 5th wheel 5 after turning the vehicle
When the pressure oil in the steering actuator 45 is drained after the ascending process or after the ascending,
The actuator is returned to the original position by the return mechanism to the original position, whereby the fifth wheel 5 is also returned to the posture before the operation of the lifting device.

[0007]

According to the present invention, a bearing portion is provided between the fifth wheel and the wheel carrier in a fifth wheel lifting device that lifts and lowers a wheel carrier that supports the fifth wheel by an actuator through a lifting member. A support part rotatably supported by a shaft, a rotation angle regulation mechanism between the bearing part and the support part, and a steering actuator engaged between the bearing part and the support part are installed in the part. Therefore, the turning radius and the turning direction of the vehicle can be changed when the fifth wheel is used in the vehicle having the fifth wheel for vehicle turning with a simple and lightweight mechanism.
This has the effect of giving the vehicle the freedom to behave.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a fifth wheel device for turning a vehicle according to the present invention,

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same,

FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the same,

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of an essential part of the present invention,

FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the same,

FIG. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state where the fifth wheel of the device of the present invention is grounded;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a steering actuator,

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a state where the fifth wheel is not steered and a relationship between the fifth wheel and the vehicle;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a state where the fifth wheel is steered to one side and a relationship between the fifth wheel and the vehicle;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a state where the fifth wheel is steered to the other side and a relationship between the fifth wheel and the vehicle;

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a conventional lifting device for a fifth wheel for turning,

FIG. 12 is a front view of the same.

FIG. 13 is a plan view showing a braking device of a vehicle equipped with a lifting device for the fifth wheel for turning,

FIG. 14 is a side view showing a parking situation of the vehicle,

FIG. 15 is an operational plan view of a vehicle parked using the lifting and lowering device for the fifth wheel for turning. 2; actuator, 3; actuating arm, 4; support link, 5; fifth wheel, 6; wheel carrier, 7; support arm, 8, 9; pin, 24; bracket, 27; fifth wheel mounting portion 41; bearing Part 42; Shaft, 43; Support part, 44; Rotational angle regulation mechanism 45; Steering actuator 48; Support plate, 51; Angle regulation plate, 54; Cylinder, 58; Piston, 61, 62; Return spring.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A bearing part and a shaft provided on the bearing part between the fifth wheel and the wheel carrier in a fifth wheel lifting device for lifting and lowering a wheel carrier supporting the fifth wheel by an actuator via an elevating member. A vehicle turning comprising a rotatably supported support part, a rotation angle regulation mechanism between the bearing part and the support part, and a steering actuator engaged between the bearing part and the support part. Fifth wheel device for car. 2. The fifth wheel device for turning vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising a mechanism for returning the steering actuator to the original position when the steering actuator is not operated. 3. The steering actuator is composed of a cylinder having oil inlets and outlets at both ends, pistons, and return springs arranged on both sides of the piston and constantly pressing the piston so that the piston is in the center of the cylinder. A fifth wheel device for turning a vehicle according to claim 1 or 2.