JPH08197221A - Sleeve for die casting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] To provide a sleeve for a die casting machine which has excellent melting loss resistance, impact resistance, and wear resistance, and also has self-lubricating property that enables casting without using a lubricant. . [Structure] A sleeve for a die casting machine is composed of an outer cylinder made of steel, and an inner cylinder made of a composite material of tungsten or a tungsten alloy and ceramics fitted inside the outer cylinder. The volume content of this ceramic is 5 to 50%, and the average particle diameter of the ceramic is 500 μm.
It is the following.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

The present invention relates to aluminum, zinc,
The present invention relates to a sleeve for a die casting machine suitable for casting a non-ferrous metal such as tin and lead or an alloy thereof.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, die-casting technology capable of casting non-ferrous metals such as aluminum with high precision and high speed has become an important means for producing various parts in the fields of automobiles, industrial equipment, home appliances and the like.

Conventionally, the sleeves for die casting machines (hereinafter referred to as sleeves) are mainly JIS standard SKD61.
Die steel such as alloy is used. In addition, in order to extend the life of the sleeve, improve the manufacturing yield, and respond to the increase in the size of cast products, we propose a sleeve in which an inner cylinder made of ceramics is provided by shrink fitting inside a steel outer cylinder. Has been done.

[0004]

However, the above-mentioned conventional sleeve has the following problems. First,
In a sleeve made of die steel such as JIS standard SKD61 alloy, the non-ferrous metal alloy and iron generally have a property of easily reacting with each other. Therefore, when the non-ferrous metal molten metal is poured into the sleeve, the molten metal comes into contact first. The portion to be melted is significantly melted and the inner wall of the sleeve is also melted and worn. Therefore, it is necessary to replace the sleeve relatively frequently, and the life of the sleeve is short. Further, since steel has a good thermal conductivity, the molten metal temperature is likely to drop when the molten metal is injected into the sleeve. This decrease in the molten metal temperature leads to a decrease in the production yield of cast products.

On the other hand, a sleeve made by shrink-fitting an inner cylinder made of ceramics into an outer cylinder made of steel has excellent erosion resistance, but an extremely large impact force is applied to the sleeve at the moment when the die casting machine injects the molten metal. As a result, the inner cylinder made of ceramics, which is inherently brittle, may be destroyed. Then, the work has to be interrupted and the workability is poor.

When a sleeve made of die steel and an inner cylinder made of ceramics is shrink-fitted inside an outer cylinder made of steel, the plunger chip and the sleeve are usually scuffed for each casting operation. To prevent
An oil-based or emulsion lubricant is sprayed on the inner surface of the sleeve. However, if this lubricant is mixed in the molten metal such as aluminum, it may be gasified by the heat from the molten metal. When this gasified lubricant is injected together with the molten metal, the cast product has defects such as casting cavities, and manufacturing defects increase. In addition, the use of the lubricant is one of the causes of stains in the workplace, which leads to a deterioration of the working environment.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and is excellent in melting resistance, impact resistance and wear resistance, and is self-lubricating which can be cast without using a lubricant. It is an object of the present invention to provide a sleeve which has excellent properties, has a long life, and has good workability.

[0008]

A sleeve for a die casting machine according to the present invention comprises an outer cylinder made of steel, and an inner cylinder made of a composite material of tungsten or a tungsten alloy and ceramics fitted inside the outer cylinder. It is characterized by having.

In this case, the volume content of ceramics is preferably 5 to 50%.

Further, the average particle size of ceramics is 500 μm.
It is preferably m or less.

[0011]

In the present invention, since the inner cylinder fitted inside the steel outer cylinder is made of a composite material of tungsten or a tungsten alloy and ceramics, it is excellent in melting resistance against molten metal, impact resistance and wear resistance. ing. Further, this inner cylinder has self-lubricating properties and can be cast without using a lubricant. Further, the sleeve of the present invention has a long life and good workability.

Next, the reasons for limiting the volume content of ceramics will be described. Ceramics inherently have a high hardness, and the wear resistance of the inner cylinder made of a composite material is improved by including the ceramics having a high hardness. If the volume content of ceramics is less than 5%, the wear resistance of the inner cylinder is insufficient, and the inner diameter is larger than that of the plunger tip, and it cannot be used for a long time. On the other hand, when the volume content of ceramics exceeds 50%, the impact resistance deteriorates due to brittleness of the inner cylinder made of a composite material of tungsten or a tungsten alloy and ceramics. Therefore,
The volume content of ceramics is preferably 5% to 50%.

Next, the reasons for limiting the average particle size of ceramics will be described. The average particle size of ceramics is 500μ
If it exceeds m, the interfacial bondability between tungsten or a tungsten alloy and ceramics deteriorates. That is, when the sleeve is used in a die casting process, if tensile stress is applied to the sleeve, the interface between the ceramic and tungsten or tungsten alloy may be separated, and the sleeve may be broken. Therefore, the average particle size of ceramics is 500
μm or less is desirable.

[0014]

EXAMPLES Examples of the present invention will be described below in comparison with comparative examples and conventional examples which depart from the claims of the present invention.

First, a tungsten powder having an average particle size of 2 μm and a zirconia powder having an average particle size of 3 μm were blended as shown in Table 1 (Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 5 to 7), and these were mixed. Were uniformly mixed to obtain a raw material for the composite material. This was sealed in a rubber mold and subjected to cold isostatic pressing (CIP) processing under the condition of a pressure of 1 ton / cm ² to obtain a cylindrical green compact. Next, this green compact was sintered in an argon atmosphere in a furnace at a temperature of 1950 ° C., and then this sintered body was subjected to lathe processing to manufacture a sleeve inner cylinder. By shrink-fitting this into a steel outer cylinder, sleeves according to the present example and comparative example were manufactured.

The conventional examples 8 and 9 are the die steels conventionally used (JIS SKD61).
A sleeve made by shrink-fitting an inner cylinder made of ceramics and ceramics (silicon nitride) inside a steel outer cylinder.

[0017]

[Table 1]

Next, a hardness test and a tensile test of the inner cylinder of the sleeve were conducted. In the hardness test, the hardness of the inner surface of the inner cylinder of the sleeve was measured with a micro Vickers hardness machine. Further, in the tensile test, the elongation of the inner cylinder of the sleeve was measured.

The results are shown in Table 2 below. In a hardness test, Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 6 and 7 are conventional examples 8
The hardness of the die steel is higher than that of the die steel of No. 1 and lower than that of the silicon nitride of Conventional Example 9. The hardness of Comparative Example 5 showed the same value as that of the die steel. Further, in the tensile test, Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 5 to 7 showed shorter elongation than the die steel of Conventional Example 8 and longer elongation than silicon nitride of Conventional Example 9. This indicates that the inner cylinder of the sleeve has both abrasion resistance and impact resistance as compared with the conventional example.

[0020]

[Table 2]

Finally, practical tests were carried out on the sleeves of Examples, Comparative Examples and Conventional Examples to examine their characteristics.
In this practical test, a sleeve was attached to a cold casting die casting machine (capacity: 250 tons), and an automobile engine cover was actually cast from a molten aluminum alloy (ADC12) without using a lubricant. And 10
After repeatedly casting up to 000 shots, the condition of the sleeve was observed.

The results are shown in Table 3 below. This table 3
As is apparent from the above, the sleeve according to the embodiment of the present invention is
The condition of the sleeve was good even after 0000 shots. Further, in Comparative Example 5, the inner diameter of the inner cylinder was enlarged due to the wear of the sleeve and the plunger tip. Comparative Examples 6 and 7
The work was interrupted because the sleeve cracked. Conventional example 8
In Nos. 9 and 9, the work was interrupted due to seizure between the sleeve and the plunger tip.

[0023]

[Table 3]

The ceramics that can be used in the above embodiments are not limited to the above zirconia (ZrO ₂ ), but Cr ₂ O ₃ , TiO ₂ , MgO and Y _{2 can be used.}
Oxides O _3,, Si ₃ N _4, TiN, nitrides such BN and AlN, TiC, B ₄ C and CrC ₂ like carbides, M
oB, 1 or selected from among ceramic boride and sialon such as ZrB ₂ and TiB ₂ or 2
Mixtures of more than one species may be used.

[0025]

As described above, according to the present invention, when casting a non-ferrous metal or its alloy by a die casting machine, it is excellent in melting resistance against molten metal, impact resistance and abrasion resistance. According to the invention, it is possible to obtain a long work life of the sleeve and obtain good workability because the sleeve can be cast without using a lubricant.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A sleeve for a die casting machine, comprising a steel outer cylinder and an inner cylinder made of a composite material of tungsten or a tungsten alloy and ceramics fitted inside the outer cylinder. 2. The sleeve for a die casting machine according to claim 1, wherein a volume content of ceramics in the composite material is 5 to 50%. 3. The average particle size of the ceramics is 500 μm.
The die casting machine sleeve according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sleeve is m or less.