JPH08201499A - Target detection device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] To obtain a target detection device for detecting an object that emits ultraviolet rays at high temperatures such as a flying object. A target detection processing unit 5 performs processing such as binarization on an infrared image by the infrared optical system 1 having a wide viewing angle and the infrared imaging unit 2 and an ultraviolet image by the ultraviolet optical system 3a and the ultraviolet imaging unit 4a, respectively, to perform targeting and other target processing. And the target position comparison unit 6a compares these target candidates to select a target at a position that matches each image, and the output data processing unit 7a forms output data to be output to the display unit 8.
By detecting and comparing targets from images having different wavelength bands, it is possible to obtain a target detection device having a low probability of erroneously detecting other than the targets.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a target detecting device which is mounted on, for example, an aircraft and detects a target which emits ultraviolet rays at high temperature such as a plume of a flying body which is approaching the aircraft.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIGS. 15 and 16 are block diagrams showing a conventional target detecting apparatus using an element for detecting infrared rays and ultraviolet rays. In the figure, 1 is an infrared optical system, 2
Is an infrared imaging unit, 3a is an ultraviolet optical system, 4a is 300n
An ultraviolet imaging unit having a two-dimensional ultraviolet detector having a sensitivity in an ultraviolet region having a wavelength shorter than m, 5 is a target detection processing unit,
8 is a display unit.

The operation of the conventional device using the element for detecting the infrared region of FIG. 15 will be described. Infrared optics 1
The infrared light imaged by the
It is incident on a two-dimensional infrared detector having sensitivity to infrared rays in the m band and is output as an infrared image. The output infrared image is subjected to binarization processing in the target detection processing unit 5 in which a portion having a certain brightness or more is set to a value of 1 and other portions are set to a value of 0, thereby selecting a target candidate. For the selected candidate, the feature amount such as the position on the screen, the brightness and the area of the pixel is measured, and the target is determined by comparing it with the feature amount such as the target pixel brightness and the area that is input in advance. Data such as the target position on the screen is output to the display unit 8. The conventional two-dimensional infrared detector has only a dynamic range of a temperature range of about 50 ° C. at room temperature and in the vicinity of the imaging unit, and an object having a temperature exceeding the temperature range is imaged as a saturated target.

Next, the operation of the conventional apparatus using the element for detecting the ultraviolet region shown in FIG. 16 will be described. The items 5 and 8 are the same as those of the conventional device using the element for detecting the infrared region. The ultraviolet light imaged by the ultraviolet optical system 3a enters the ultraviolet imaging unit 4a and is output as an ultraviolet image. FIG. 17 is a diagram showing the structure of the ultraviolet imaging unit 4a. The ultraviolet light incident on the ultraviolet imaging unit 4a is
The ultraviolet light enters the photocathode 32 of the image intensifier 31 and is converted into electrons. The electrons are multiplied by the microchannel plate 33 and converted into visible light by the fluorescent screen 34. The visible light is transmitted through the fiber 35 to CC
A CCD element 37 of a D (Charge Coupled Device) image pickup device 36 is made incident on the CCD image pickup device 3.
At 6, the image is output. Since the conventional image intensifier 31 has sensitivity to a target having a temperature of 2000 ° C. or higher, it may not be possible to obtain sufficient sensitivity when the target is at a long distance and the atmospheric attenuation of ultraviolet rays is large. there were.

[0005]

Since the conventional target detecting device using the ultraviolet detector is constructed as described above, it is not possible to use a target such as a flying object for which the ultraviolet emission time is short. There was the problem of losing sight of the goal. On the other hand, a conventional target detection device using an infrared detector has a sensitivity near room temperature as compared with the above-mentioned ultraviolet single detection method, and therefore has a temperature higher than the dynamic range that exists in the background and has a pixel brightness close to the target. There is a problem that there is a high possibility that an object having a characteristic amount such as an area will be erroneously detected as a target (hereinafter referred to as false alarm probability).

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and by using both ultraviolet and infrared detectors, the false alarm probability is reduced and a target at a longer distance is detected. In addition, it is an object of the present invention to obtain a target detecting device capable of continuously observing the target even after the emission of ultraviolet rays is stopped.

[0007]

A target detecting apparatus according to the present invention has the infrared optical system and the image pickup section, and the ultraviolet optical system and the image pickup section, respectively, so that the same field of view is imaged in the infrared and ultraviolet regions. , The obtained two images are processed to detect target candidates respectively, and a target candidate common to the two images is set as a target.

Further, according to the present invention, a conventional apparatus using an infrared detector is provided with an ultraviolet detecting section using a scanning optical system having a narrow viewing angle and having a driving section, and the optical system of the ultraviolet detector is driven by the conventional method. It secures the same field of view as the UV image,
Two images obtained by imaging the same visual field range in infrared and ultraviolet regions are processed to detect target candidates, respectively, and a target candidate common to the two images is set as a target.

According to the present invention, a conventional apparatus using an infrared detector is provided with an ultraviolet detecting section having a narrow viewing angle having a driving section, and the entire ultraviolet detector is driven to secure an ultraviolet imaging visual field equivalent to the conventional one, and the same. Two images obtained by imaging the field of view in the infrared and ultraviolet regions are processed to detect target candidates, respectively, and a target candidate common to the two images is set as a target.

Further, the present invention provides an ultraviolet ray detecting section using a scanning type optical system having a narrow viewing angle with a driving section in a conventional apparatus using an infrared ray detector, and relates to a target candidate detected by infrared rays. The optical system is driven and controlled to confirm the presence or absence of ultraviolet ray emission, and a target candidate whose ultraviolet ray emission is confirmed is set as a target.

According to the present invention, a conventional apparatus using an infrared detector is provided with an ultraviolet detecting section having a narrow viewing angle having a driving section, and the target candidate detected by infrared rays is controlled to drive the entire ultraviolet detecting section to emit ultraviolet rays. The presence / absence is confirmed, and the target candidate whose ultraviolet light emission is confirmed is set as the target.

Further, according to the present invention, with respect to a position on the screen which is a target candidate by infrared rays by the above-mentioned means, in order to avoid repeated measurement of the position, data of the position and attitude of the mounted aircraft etc. is taken in, The position data of the target candidate which is detected by the stored infrared image but not by the ultraviolet ray is corrected.

According to the present invention, there is provided a circuit for detecting a target with respect to a target for which the emission of infrared rays and ultraviolet rays is confirmed by the above means,
A tracking circuit that tracks on an infrared image using a detection signal from the detection circuit as a trigger is used.

[0014]

In the target detecting device according to the present invention, since the presence or absence of the target is confirmed in the infrared region and the ultraviolet region, the false alarm probability can be reduced.

The target detecting device according to the present invention is
By adopting a method of driving a scanning ultraviolet optical system having a narrow field of view, the optical system transmittance can be improved and the target detection distance of the ultraviolet imaging unit can be extended.

In the target detecting apparatus according to the present invention, by driving the entire ultraviolet image pickup section having a narrow field of view, the optical system can be simplified as compared with the case where a driving mechanism is provided in the ultraviolet optical system, and the optical system transmittance is further improved. As a result, the target detection distance of the ultraviolet imaging unit can be extended.

The target detecting device according to the present invention is
The scanning type UV optical system with a narrow field of view is driven by the instruction of the drive instructing unit and used to confirm the detection result by the infrared imaging unit, so that the place where the target is likely to exist is imaged for a long time. The target detection distance of can be extended.

In the target detecting apparatus according to the present invention, the entire ultraviolet image pickup section having a narrow field of view is driven according to the instruction of the drive instruction section, and is used for confirming the detection result by the infrared image pickup section to obtain a high resolution ultraviolet image. Therefore, the target detection distance of the ultraviolet imaging unit can be extended.

The target detecting device according to the present invention is
When the detection result is confirmed by the infrared imaging unit by the ultraviolet imaging unit, the data of the aircraft is received and stored, and the position data of the target candidate, which was once measured by the infrared ray but could not be measured by the ultraviolet ray, is stored. By using the data of the posture and the correction, the target can be detected without impairing the effect of discriminating the target even when mounted on the airframe, and at the same time, the target that poses a more threat can be detected with focus.

The target detecting apparatus according to the present invention uses the tracking circuit which confirms the target by the ultraviolet imaging unit only when the infrared imaging unit detects the target and uses the detection signal as a trigger to perform tracking on the infrared image. Even after the light emission is stopped, the tracking process can be continued using only the infrared image to observe the target.

[0021]

【Example】

Example 1. First Embodiment FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a target detecting device showing a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 to 5 and 8
Is the same as the conventional device. Reference numeral 6a is a target position comparison unit, 7a is an output data processing unit, and 9 is a synchronization signal generator.

Next, the operation will be described. 2 is an image diagram of a two-dimensional image obtained by the infrared imaging unit 2, and FIG. 3 is an image diagram of a two-dimensional image obtained by the ultraviolet imaging unit 4a when imaged under the same conditions as in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, in the infrared image, among the objects in the field of view, an object with high temperature, an object with large reflection, etc. are projected as a target of high brightness. The infrared imaging unit 2 uses the brightness of each pixel as 12-bit data, and corrects the brightness level of the entire screen so that the value of the largest number of brightness data among the brightness data of the entire screen matches the median value of 12 BIT. The dynamic range can be fully used even for high brightness targets. On the other hand, the ultraviolet ray image shows only the ultraviolet ray source as a high-brightness target as shown in FIG. The target detection processing unit 5 sets the pixel having a luminance of a certain value or more to 1 and the other pixels to 0 for each of the infrared and ultraviolet two-dimensional images obtained by the infrared imaging unit 2 and the ultraviolet imaging unit 4a. Binarization processing, clustering processing for assigning a number to each range in which one pixel portion is collected, area of each numbered range, vertical and horizontal lengths, barycentric position, maximum brightness, average brightness, S / N for detecting a feature amount and a target candidate detecting process for comparing each feature amount with a preset value to determine a target candidate.
output to a. The target position comparison unit 6a compares the feature amounts of the target candidates of the infrared image and the ultraviolet image, selects a target having a close feature amount at a matching position in each image, and outputs it to the output data processing unit 7a. Then, the output data to be output to the display unit 8 is formed. Further, the synchronizing signal generator 9 synchronizes the infrared image and the ultraviolet image to be compared with each other.

The two-dimensional infrared detector of the infrared image pickup section 2 uses an element having a sensitivity at a wavelength in the vicinity of 3 to 5 μm. Assuming that the infrared radiation of the plume is a black body, an object at about 500 ° C. gives its maximum radiation intensity in the wavelength range of 3 to 5 μm from the Wien's displacement law of “Equation 1”. On the other hand, the plume of the flying body is 400 ℃ ~
The 600 ° C. region often represents the majority of the area.

[0024]

[Equation 1]

The two-dimensional ultraviolet detector of the ultraviolet imaging unit 4a uses an element sensitive to the solar blind area. Most of the ultraviolet light in the wavelength range from the sky is absorbed by the ozone layer in the sky, so if you use an imaging device in this wavelength range near the ground, it will emit ultraviolet light in this wavelength range like a plume of a flying object. Almost nothing is visible except the emitting object. As described above, it is understood that these wavelength bands are effective for missile detection.

In the first embodiment, the target is detected by using two light sources of infrared rays and ultraviolet rays in the detection of the target and comparing the data of both. This has the effect of reducing the false alarm probability as compared with the case of using the infrared imaging unit or the ultraviolet imaging unit alone to detect the target.

Example 2. Second Embodiment FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a target detecting device showing a second embodiment of the present invention. In the figure,
1, 2, and 5 to 9 are the same as in the first embodiment.
3b is a scanning type ultraviolet optical system, 4b is an ultraviolet image pickup unit, 1
Reference numeral 0a is an ultraviolet optical system driving unit.

Next, the operation will be described. FIG. 5 is a simple configuration diagram of the ultraviolet optical system 3b, the ultraviolet optical system driving unit 10a, and the ultraviolet imaging unit 4b. The ultraviolet optical system 3b includes an ultraviolet lens 19, an azimuth prism 20, and an elevation mirror 21, and the ultraviolet optical system driving unit 10a includes an azimuth prism motor 22, an elevation mirror motor 23, and a motor drive controller 24. The ultraviolet imaging unit 4b is the ultraviolet optical system 3 of the first embodiment.
It has only a light entrance for a range of one pixel of a. The ultraviolet rays taken in by the ultraviolet lens 19 pass through the azimuth prism 20 and are reflected by the elevation mirror 21 to enter the ultraviolet imaging unit 4b. The motor drive controller 24 outputs a drive signal to the azimuth prism motor 22 and the elevation mirror motor 23 in accordance with the synchronization signal sent via the ultraviolet imaging unit 4b. The azimuth prism motor 22 and the elevation mirror motor 23 drive the azimuth prism 20 and the elevation mirror 21 according to their drive signals. The azimuth prism 20 scans the ultraviolet rays in the horizontal direction, and the elevation mirror 21 scans the ultraviolet rays in the vertical direction. The ultraviolet rays in the same viewing angle range as the ultraviolet optical system 3a of the first embodiment are synchronized with the synchronizing signal, and the ultraviolet image pickup section is formed. It is incident on 4b. The ultraviolet image pickup unit 4b continuously outputs a signal obtained by photoelectrically converting the incident ultraviolet ray in the range of one pixel, and thereby an image signal in the same visual field range as the signal obtained by the ultraviolet optical system 3a of the first embodiment is obtained. The image is output, and as a result, an image in the same visual field range as that of the first embodiment is obtained.

The ultraviolet image pickup section 4b does not use a two-dimensional detector but a photomultiplier tube which has a fast response and a high sensitivity. FIG. 6 shows the configuration of the ultraviolet imaging unit 4b. In FIG. 6, 25 is a photomultiplier tube, 26 is a photocathode, 27 is a focusing electrode, 28 is an electron multiplier, 29 is an anode, and 30 is an image conversion circuit. The ultraviolet optical system 3b forms an image of incident ultraviolet light on the photocathode 26 of the photomultiplier tube 25. Photocathode 26
Converts the incident ultraviolet light into electrons by photoelectric conversion.
The converted electrons are transferred to the electron multiplying unit 28 by the focusing electrode 27.
Be drawn into. The electron multiplying unit 28 emits several times as many electrons as shown by the broken line in the figure when the electrons collide with the wall surface, so that the electrons are multiplied by several hundred thousand times before reaching the anode 29. The anode 29 outputs electrons to the image conversion circuit 30 as a current. The image conversion circuit 30 converts the current from the anode 29 into an image signal according to the synchronization signal from the synchronization signal generator 9. When the ultraviolet imaging unit 4a of the first embodiment is used in this embodiment, the storage time of the light energy is the same as that of the first embodiment.
Since it becomes shorter and the output image signal becomes weak and unstable, the ultraviolet image pickup unit 4b having the above structure is used.

Further, the lens material of the ultraviolet optical system generally has only a small refractive index, and like the ultraviolet optical system 3a of the first embodiment, the light having a wide viewing angle is focused on a narrow two-dimensional element. Since the number of lenses must be increased in order to make a large refraction, the optical system transmittance is deteriorated as a result. This system is a scanning type optical system,
As described above, since the number of lenses constituting the ultraviolet optical system is reduced, the optical system transmittance is improved, and the distance at which the target can be recognized can be expected to be longer than that in the first embodiment.

Example 3. FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a target detecting device showing a third embodiment of the present invention. In the figure,
1, 2, 4a and 5 to 9 are the same as in the first embodiment. 3c is an ultraviolet optical system having a viewing angle which is 1/16 of the viewing angle of the ultraviolet optical system 3a of the first embodiment, 11a is an ultraviolet sensor driving unit for driving the ultraviolet optical system 3c and the ultraviolet imaging unit 4a, Reference numeral 12 is an image composition processing unit.

Next, the operation will be described. The ultraviolet optical system 3c collects ultraviolet rays in the range of 1/16 of the viewing angle of the ultraviolet optical system 3a of the first embodiment on the ultraviolet image pickup unit 4a, generates an image signal in the range of 1/16, and performs image synthesis processing. Output to the unit 12. The image composition processing unit 12 has a memory capable of storing the brightness information of images for 16 screens. FIG. 8 shows a conceptual diagram of the memory configuration. In FIG. 8, the range of one screen output from the ultraviolet imaging unit 4a in this embodiment is 1 to 1
In the range indicated by the character 6, the range of one screen finally output by the image compositing processing unit 12 is indicated by the range surrounded by a thick line. The ultraviolet sensor driving unit 11a covers the screen area from A to T by the ultraviolet optical 3c and the ultraviolet imaging unit 4a.
Move the visual axis in steps so that the images can be taken in sequence. The image composition processing unit 12 stores the brightness data for 16 screens in the corresponding range, averages the brightness information for a total of 16 pixels in the vertical and horizontal directions in the memory, and outputs it as data for one pixel. Image data having a viewing angle equivalent to that obtained by the ultraviolet optical system 3a of Example 1 is output to the target detection processing unit 5.

In the second embodiment, the ultraviolet optical system was driven, but in the present embodiment, instead of driving the ultraviolet optical system, the ultraviolet optical system 3c having a viewing angle of 1/16 and the ultraviolet imaging section 4a are provided. An image having a visual field range equivalent to that of the first embodiment can be obtained by integrally driving the ultraviolet sensor driving unit 11a. According to this method, the load on the driving unit is increased as compared with the second embodiment, so it is considered that the time required for detecting the target is increased. However, noise is generated due to the use of the optical system with a viewing angle of 1/16 and image synthesis. It is considered that the suppression of the above can be expected, and as a result, a high S / N signal can be obtained. In addition, since the ultraviolet optical system 3c does not include a scanning mirror or a scanning prism, the configuration of the optical system is simpler than that of the second embodiment, the optical system transmittance is improved, and the distance at which the target can be recognized is longer than that of the second embodiment. It can be expected.

Embodiment 4 FIG. FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a target detecting device showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention. 1,
2, 3b, 5 and 8 are the same as those in the second embodiment. 7
b is an output data processing unit, 10b is an ultraviolet optical system driving unit,
Reference numeral 13 is a drive instruction unit, 14 is a data storage unit, 15 is an ultraviolet ray detector, and 16 is an ultraviolet ray target detecting unit.

Next, the operation will be described. 1, 2, 3
The operations of b, 5, and 8 are the same as those in the second embodiment. When the drive instruction unit 13 receives the target candidate detection result by infrared rays and compares it with the data stored in the data storage unit 14, and when it is determined that the data is in a position that is not stored, the drive instruction unit 13 outputs ultraviolet rays in that direction. In order to turn the optical system 3b, a driving instruction is given to the ultraviolet optical system driving unit 10b. FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram showing the data storage method of the data storage unit 14 and the determination method of the drive instruction unit 13. The data storage unit 14 has a 1-bit memory corresponding to the number of pixels of the entire screen, and stores the data output by the output data processing unit 7b immediately before.
This is the part indicated by C in the figure. The black portion of the portion indicated by "H" is a portion that has been measured once but designated as having no target, and stores a value of 1 and stores a value of 0 in other portions. The other part shown in the figure is the latest binarized image output from the target detection processing unit 5. The black part on this side has a value of 1 in the part where it is determined that there is a target-like thing in the target candidate detection result, and 0 in the other parts.
The value of is entered. The drive instructing unit 13 uses the two 1BIs.
The exclusive OR of the screen data of T is calculated, and the portion where the result is 1 is recognized as the position that needs to be measured, and the drive instruction is given. In addition, in this figure, one screen is vertically arranged for simplification.
The number of pixels is 8 pixels horizontally, but the memory required to store one screen in an actual device is 512 pixels vertically and 5 pixels horizontally.
There are 12 pixels. The ultraviolet detector 15 converts the ultraviolet light from the ultraviolet optical system 3b into an electric signal. The ultraviolet target detection unit 16 determines whether or not the electric signal from the ultraviolet detector 15 has exceeded a certain level for determining the presence / absence of a target.
The output data processing unit 7b outputs data such as the position of the target to the display unit 8 when the ultraviolet target detecting unit 16 determines that there is an ultraviolet target, and the target position at that time when it is determined that there is no ultraviolet target. And outputs the data of (1) to the data stored in the data storage unit 14. In this way, the data storage unit 14 stores the image position in which it is determined that there is a target in the infrared image but that there is no target in the ultraviolet image, so that the drive instructing unit 13 does not instruct to drive the same direction many times. To

In the first to third embodiments described above, a wide visual field range is set to 2.
Although it is a device that constantly monitors in one wavelength band, in the present embodiment, a wide visual field range is constantly monitored only by infrared rays, and ultraviolet rays confirm the detection result by infrared rays in a narrow visual field. With this method, the UV detector can measure the place where the target is likely to exist for a longer time, so that it is possible to take a longer time to accumulate the charges generated when photoelectrically converting the UV light. It is possible to expect the effect of extending the target detection distance by ultraviolet rays.

Example 5. FIG. 11 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
It is a block diagram of a target detection apparatus showing. 1, 2, 5,
7b, 8 and 13 to 16 are the same as in the fourth embodiment. 3c is the same as that of the third embodiment. Reference numeral 11b is an ultraviolet sensor driving unit for driving the integrated ultraviolet optical system 3c and the ultraviolet detector 15.

In the fourth embodiment, only the optical system is driven, but in the present embodiment, the ultraviolet optical system 3b and the ultraviolet detector 15 are integrated and driven by the ultraviolet sensor driving section 11b. According to this method, since the load on the drive unit is increased as compared with the fourth embodiment, it is considered that the time required for target detection is increased, but the target resolution is improved by using the ultraviolet optical system 3c having a viewing angle of 1/16. . Also, the ultraviolet optical system 3c
Since it does not include a scanning mirror and a scanning prism, the structure of the optical system is simpler than that of the fourth embodiment, the transmittance of the optical system is improved, and the distance at which the target can be recognized can be expected to be longer than that of the fourth embodiment.

Example 6. In the above-mentioned fourth and fifth embodiments, the target candidate once recognized as not the target is stored as the position on the image and is not regarded as the target candidate again, but it is mounted on a moving object such as an aircraft (hereinafter referred to as an airframe). In this case, since the position on the image changes according to the movement of the aircraft, the effect of that function is lost. FIG. 12 shows a block diagram in which this embodiment is applied to the fourth embodiment. In the figure, reference numeral 17 denotes a machine body data processing unit that processes the position and orientation data of the machine body to calculate the amount of movement of the image. FIG. 13 shows a conceptual diagram of the concept of calculating the movement amount of an image. In the figure, h is the flight altitude of the aircraft, v is the flight speed of the aircraft, θ is the direction of the target observed before the movement, ψ
Is the amount of change in the attitude angle of the aircraft after movement. Generally, the most threatening flight target of missiles is the one flying toward the aircraft observing the target. In this case, it is considered that the movement of the target flying object acts in a direction in which the change in the angle is small with respect to the movement of the airframe. On the other hand, the amount of movement of the target on the image, which is less likely to pose a threat such as a building on the ground as seen from the airframe, is calculated by "Equation 2". Note that FIG. 13 is a side view for simplification and considers a case where the aircraft is flying horizontally and only a vertical change occurs on the screen. However, in an actual flight, the change in the attitude angle of the aircraft is triaxial. However, since the movement of the aircraft can occur in three directions, a slightly complicated calculation using a matrix needs to be performed to calculate the amount of movement on the screen, but the basic idea remains the same.

[0040]

[Equation 2]

The machine body data processing unit 17 receives the data from the machine body and corrects the data in the data storage unit 14 based on "Equation 2". The drive instruction unit 13 compares the binarized image output from the target detection processing unit 5 and the corrected data in the data storage unit by using the same method as in the fourth embodiment, and issues a drive command.
As a result, only objects that fly toward the airframe that move less on the screen than objects on the ground can be confirmed with ultraviolet rays. By adopting this method, in the present embodiment, it is possible to expect that repeated measurement will be performed only on a target that poses a greater threat without impairing the effect of target discrimination even when mounted on the airframe.

Embodiment 7 FIG. The above Examples 1 to 6 show the detection method when the emission of infrared rays and ultraviolet rays continues. However, in many cases, the ultraviolet light is emitted for several seconds, which is effective for detecting the target, but is not suitable for a process such as continuous tracking after the detection. Therefore, in order to continuously observe the detected target, it is necessary to track the target only with infrared rays after the emission of ultraviolet rays is stopped. FIG. 14 shows a block diagram in which this embodiment is applied to the first embodiment. In the figure, 1 to 8 and 9 are the same as those in the first embodiment, 6b is a target position comparison unit, 7a is an output data processing unit, and 18 is a tracking processing unit. The target position comparison unit 6b
With respect to the target for which both infrared and ultraviolet light emission has been confirmed, data of characteristic amounts such as the position of the center of gravity, the area, the length in the vertical and horizontal directions, and the like are output to the tracking processing unit 18. Tracking processing unit 1
Reference numeral 8 receives the output of the target position comparison unit 6b and is used as a trigger at the same time, and thereafter acquires the data of the feature amount directly from the target detection processing unit 5. The tracking processing unit 18 treats these feature amount data in time series, determines that target candidates with similar feature amounts are the same target in consecutive screens, and changes the feature amount between two or more screens. In consideration of the above, the target feature amount that is considered to be obtained on the next screen is predicted and output as position data on the screen to the output data processing unit 7a. The output data processing unit 7a generates a tracking symbol to be output to the display unit 8 based on the position data input from the tracking processing unit 18, and causes the display unit 8 to display the tracking symbol.

As described above, according to the seventh embodiment, with respect to the target in which the emission of both the ultraviolet ray and the infrared ray is observed, the tracking is performed by using only the infrared image even after the emission of the ultraviolet ray is stopped, and the target becomes a threat. It becomes possible to continuously observe about.

[0044]

As described above, according to the present invention, the same wide field of view is detected by the target detecting device for detecting the infrared and ultraviolet regions, and the same target is detected by comparing the target candidates detected in two wavelength bands. The false alarm probability can be reduced by performing the process of setting the target candidate at the position as the target.

Further, according to the present invention, by making the optical system of the ultraviolet ray target detector a scanning type, it is possible to improve the transmittance of the ultraviolet ray optical system and extend the distance at which the ultraviolet ray detector can recognize the target. it can.

According to the present invention, by using an optical system having a narrow field of view as a target detector for ultraviolet rays, a high S / N ratio can be achieved by suppressing noise accompanying screen synthesis, and the optical system can be simplified by further simplifying the ultraviolet optical system. The system transmittance can be improved, and the distance at which the target can be recognized by the ultraviolet detector can be further extended.

Further, according to the present invention, by adopting a system in which a wide visual field range is constantly monitored only by infrared rays and the detection result by infrared rays is confirmed by a narrow visual field for ultraviolet rays, there is a possibility that a target exists in the ultraviolet ray detector. Since it becomes possible to measure a high point for a longer time, it is possible to extend the time for accumulating charges generated when photoelectrically converting ultraviolet rays, and to extend the target detection distance by ultraviolet rays.

According to the present invention, by using the ultraviolet optical system having a narrow viewing angle, the ultraviolet detector can capture the target with higher resolution, and the transmittance of the ultraviolet optical system can be improved by simplifying the ultraviolet optical system. Can be improved, and as a result, the distance at which the target of the ultraviolet detector can be detected can be extended.

Further, according to the present invention, the amount of movement on the screen is smaller than that of the object on the ground by receiving the data from the airframe and correcting the target position data on the acquired image.
Since it can be controlled so that only objects that fly toward the aircraft can be confirmed with ultraviolet rays, even when mounted on the aircraft, repeated measurement with ultraviolet rays is performed only for targets that pose more threats without impairing the effect of target discrimination. be able to.

According to the present invention, a target whose emission of infrared rays and ultraviolet rays has been once confirmed is subjected to tracking processing by an infrared image so that the target can be recognized and continuously observed even after the emission of ultraviolet rays has stopped. be able to.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a target detection device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an image diagram of a two-dimensional image obtained by an infrared imaging unit.

FIG. 3 is an image diagram of a two-dimensional image obtained by the ultraviolet imaging unit.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a target detection device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of an ultraviolet optical system, an ultraviolet optical system driving unit, and an ultraviolet imaging unit.

FIG. 6 is an internal configuration diagram of an ultraviolet imaging unit.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a target detecting device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram of a memory structure of an image composition processing unit.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a target detecting device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram showing a storage system of a data storage unit and a determination method of a drive instruction unit.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a target detecting device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing a target detecting device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram showing the concept of image movement amount calculation.

FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing a target detecting apparatus according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing a conventional target detection device.

FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing a conventional target detection device.

FIG. 17 is a block diagram showing an ultraviolet imaging unit of a conventional target detection device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 infrared optical system, 2 infrared imaging section, 3a ultraviolet optical system, 3b ultraviolet optical system, 3c ultraviolet optical system, 4a
UV imaging unit, 4b UV imaging unit, 5 target detection processing unit, 6a target position comparison unit, 6b target position comparison unit,
7a output data processing unit, 7b output data processing unit, 8
Display unit, 9 sync signal generator, 10a UV optical system drive unit, 10b UV optical system drive unit, 11a UV sensor drive unit, 11b UV sensor drive unit, 12 image combination processing unit, 13 drive instruction unit, 14 data storage unit ,
15 ultraviolet ray detector, 16 ultraviolet target detecting section, 17 airframe data processing section, 18 tracking processing section, 19 ultraviolet lens, 20 azimuth prism, 21 elevation mirror, 22 azimuth prism motor, 23 elevation mirror motor, 24 motor drive control Bowl, 25
Photomultiplier tube, 26 photocathode, 27 focusing electrode, 28
Electron multiplier, 29 Anode, 30 Image conversion circuit, 31
Image intensifier, 32 photocathode, 33 microchannel plate, 34 fluorescent screen, 35 fiber, 36 CCD imager, 37 CCD device.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued Front Page (72) Inventor Yoshihiko Inoue 325 Kamimachiya, Kamakura City Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Kamakura Factory (72) Inventor Kojiro Shintani 325 Kamimachi Kamakura City Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Kamakura Factory (72) ) Inventor Toshiyuki Amano 325 Kamimachiya, Kamakura City Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Kamakura Factory

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. An infrared optical system having a wide viewing angle, an infrared imaging unit having a two-dimensional infrared detector having sensitivity in the infrared region, an ultraviolet optical system having a wide viewing angle, and an infrared imaging system having a sensitivity in the ultraviolet region. An ultraviolet imaging unit having a three-dimensional ultraviolet detector, a target detection processing unit for processing a two-dimensional image of the infrared imaging unit and the ultraviolet imaging unit to extract target candidates,
Target position comparison unit that outputs the information of the target at the position where the ultraviolet image and infrared image obtained by the target detection unit are compared, and the output of the target position comparison unit is input, and output for display. And an output data processing unit for forming the output data, a display unit for displaying data from the output data processing unit, and a synchronization signal generator for synchronizing the output images of the infrared imaging unit and the ultraviolet imaging unit. A target detection device characterized by the above. 2. An infrared optical system having a wide viewing angle, an infrared imaging section having a two-dimensional infrared detector having sensitivity in an infrared region, and a scanning type which obtains a wide viewing range by scanning a narrow viewing range with a reflecting mirror. Of the ultraviolet optical system, an ultraviolet optical system driving unit for driving the optical system, an ultraviolet imaging unit having a photomultiplier tube having a sensitivity in the ultraviolet region, and processing of images of the infrared imaging unit and the ultraviolet imaging unit. A target detection processing unit that extracts a target candidate, a target position comparison unit that compares the ultraviolet image and the infrared image obtained by the target detection processing unit, and outputs the information of the target at the matched position, and the target position comparison Output data processing unit for inputting the output of the unit and forming an output for display, a display unit for displaying data from the output data processing unit, and synchronization of output images of the infrared imaging unit and the ultraviolet imaging unit. A target detection apparatus comprising: a synchronization signal generator for matching. 3. An infrared optical system having a wide viewing angle, an infrared imaging section having a two-dimensional infrared detector having sensitivity in the infrared region, an ultraviolet optical system having a narrow visual range, and a two-dimensional having sensitivity in the ultraviolet region. Ultraviolet imaging section having an ultraviolet detector, an ultraviolet sensor driving section for integrally driving the ultraviolet optical system and the ultraviolet imaging section, and a wide field of view obtained by synthesizing several narrow field images output from the ultraviolet imaging section. Image synthesis processing unit for generating an image of, a target detection processing unit for processing a two-dimensional image of the infrared imaging unit and the image synthesis processing unit to extract target candidates, and an ultraviolet image obtained by the target detection processing unit And a target position comparison unit that outputs the information of the target at a matched position by comparing the infrared image, and an output data processing unit that inputs the output of the target position comparison unit and forms an output for display, A target detecting apparatus comprising: a display unit for displaying data from the output data processing unit; and a synchronization signal generator for synchronizing the output images of the infrared imaging unit and the image synthesis processing unit. . 4. An infrared optical system having a wide viewing angle, an infrared imaging section having a two-dimensional infrared detector having sensitivity in the infrared region, and image processing such as binarization of a two-dimensional image to extract target candidates. A target detection processing unit, a scanning type ultraviolet optical system having a narrow viewing angle and capable of moving the field of view in a designated direction, and an ultraviolet detection unit having a photomultiplier tube having sensitivity in the ultraviolet region, An ultraviolet optical system driving unit that drives the optical system, a drive instructing unit that instructs the ultraviolet optical system driving unit where to move the visual field range of the ultraviolet optical system, and an infrared image, but an ultraviolet ray is detected. For the data storage unit that stores the position data of the target candidates that have not been generated, and for the target candidates for which both infrared rays and ultraviolet rays have been confirmed to emit light (hereinafter referred to as targets), an output for display is formed and a false target is generated. Further, the target detecting device is provided with an output data processing unit for outputting data to the data storage unit and a display unit for displaying data from the output data processing unit. 5. An infrared optical system having a wide viewing angle, an infrared imaging section having a two-dimensional infrared detector having sensitivity in the infrared region, and image processing such as binarization of a two-dimensional image to extract target candidates. A target detection processing unit, a staring-type ultraviolet optical system having a narrow viewing angle, an ultraviolet detector having a two-dimensional element sensitive to the ultraviolet region, and the ultraviolet optical system and the ultraviolet detector are integrally driven. Ultraviolet sensor drive unit, drive instruction unit for instructing the ultraviolet optical system drive unit where to move the visual field range of the ultraviolet optical system, and the position of the target candidate that is detected by the infrared image but not by the ultraviolet image A data storage unit that stores data and an output for display are generated for targets for which both infrared and ultraviolet light emission has been confirmed, and for false targets, data is output to the data storage unit. A target detection device comprising: a force data processing section; and a display section for displaying data from the output data processing section. 6. The position data of a target candidate which is detected by an infrared image stored in a data storage unit but is not detected by ultraviolet rays is corrected by being mounted on an aircraft or the like to obtain position and attitude data of the airframe. The target detection apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, further comprising a machine body data processing unit. 7. A tracking processing unit for performing processing for tracking a target even after the emission of ultraviolet rays is stopped when it is confirmed that the target is a target, and a tracking processing unit is added. Target detection device.