JPH08202984A - Vehicle detector - Google Patents
Vehicle detectorInfo
- Publication number
- JPH08202984A JPH08202984A JP1375695A JP1375695A JPH08202984A JP H08202984 A JPH08202984 A JP H08202984A JP 1375695 A JP1375695 A JP 1375695A JP 1375695 A JP1375695 A JP 1375695A JP H08202984 A JPH08202984 A JP H08202984A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- vehicle
- line sensor
- signal
- tread
- side mirror
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Devices For Checking Fares Or Tickets At Control Points (AREA)
- Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は有料道路等における車線
に進入する車両を光学的に検知し、判別する車両検知装
置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vehicle detection device for optically detecting and discriminating a vehicle entering a lane on a toll road or the like.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】一般に、高速道路あるいは有料道路にお
ける料金収受システムにおいては、通行車両を検知する
ために車両検知装置が設けられている。図５は、有料道
路における料金収受システムの一例を示す概略模式図で
ある。同図において通行車両２３は料金所ゲートの車両
進入路を矢印の方向に進行する。車両検出器は複数の光
電素子により構成されており、発光側には複数の発光素
子を設けた車両検出器２１と、上記車両進入路を挟み対
峙して設置され、複数の受光センサを設けた受光側の車
両検出器２２とからなっている。さらに車両検出器の下
方の路面には埋設された踏板６がある。2. Description of the Related Art Generally, in a toll collection system on a highway or a toll road, a vehicle detection device is provided to detect a passing vehicle. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a toll collection system on a toll road. In the figure, the passing vehicle 23 advances in the direction of the arrow on the vehicle approach path at the toll gate. The vehicle detector is composed of a plurality of photoelectric elements, and the vehicle detector 21 provided with a plurality of light emitting elements on the light emitting side is installed to face each other across the vehicle approach path, and a plurality of light receiving sensors are provided. The vehicle detector 22 on the light receiving side. Further, there is a buried tread 6 on the road surface below the vehicle detector.
【０００３】上記車両検出器は、路面垂直方向に張られ
た光スクリーン２４を車両２３が遮ったことを検知して
車両２３を分離するものであり、また踏板６は車両２３
の通過中に軸数、輪数、トレッド等の車種判別要因を計
測し車種を自動的に判別するものである。この両車両検
出器２２，２３および踏板６からの出力信号は、処理装
置１１で処理され自動料金収受機７で車種に応じた料金
を表示して料金の収受を行っているが、この自動料金収
受機には処理口が図５のように上、中、下段に８，９，
１０と設けられており普通車、大型車、などの車種判別
信号により上段８、中段９、あるいは下段１０の処理口
に切替えて通行券の発行、または料金の収受を行ってい
た。The vehicle detector detects that the vehicle 23 intercepts the optical screen 24 stretched in the direction perpendicular to the road surface and separates the vehicle 23, and the tread 6 is used as the vehicle 23.
The vehicle type is automatically discriminated by measuring the vehicle type discriminating factors such as the number of axles, the number of wheels, and the tread during passage of the vehicle. The output signals from the two vehicle detectors 22 and 23 and the tread 6 are processed by the processing device 11 and the automatic charge collection device 7 displays the charge according to the vehicle type to collect the charge. As shown in Fig. 5, the receiving port has 8, 9, and 9 upper and lower processing ports.
10 is provided to switch to the processing port of the upper 8, middle 9, or lower 10 depending on the vehicle type discrimination signal of a normal car, a large car, etc. to issue a toll ticket or collect a fare.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、前記車
両検出器２１，２２と、踏板６による軸数、輪数、トレ
ッド等の検知だけでは、トラックとバスが同じ大型とし
て判別されるため、自動料金収受機７の処理口は上段８
に選択されてしまう。ところがトラックは運転席が高い
ので問題はないが、バス等は運転席が低いため上段の処
理口８では運転者が不安定な姿勢で操作しなければなら
ないという問題があった。However, if the vehicle detectors 21 and 22 and the number of axles, the number of wheels, the tread, etc. by the tread plate 6 are detected alone, the truck and the bus are determined to be the same large size. The processing port of the collection device 7 is the upper stage 8
Will be selected. However, the truck has a high driver's seat, which causes no problem, but the bus has a problem that the driver has to operate in an unstable posture at the upper processing port 8 because the driver's seat is low.
【０００５】本発明は、上記従来の問題を解決するため
に、ラインセンサを設け、車両のサイドミラーの位置、
すなわち運転席の高さを検知し、運転席の高さに応じた
料金収受機の処理口を、自動的に選択できるようにし、
自動料金収受機にも適用できる車両検知装置を提供する
ことを目的とする。In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the present invention is provided with a line sensor, and the position of a side mirror of a vehicle,
That is, the height of the driver's seat is detected, and the processing port of the toll collection machine according to the height of the driver's seat can be automatically selected,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle detection device that can be applied to an automatic toll collector.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】そのため本発明は、１次
元の光量信号を得るラインセンサ、その対向する側でラ
インセンサより車両進行方向に対し後方で路面に垂直に
設置した周期的マーク、路面に埋設された踏板、踏板か
らの検知信号およびラインセンサで撮像した周期的マー
クの濃淡信号を入力し、車両を判別する処理装置とを備
えた車両検知装置とする。Therefore, the present invention is directed to a line sensor for obtaining a one-dimensional light amount signal, a periodic mark installed on the opposite side of the line sensor at a position rearward of the line sensor and perpendicular to the road surface, and a road surface. The vehicle detection device includes: a tread embedded in the vehicle; a detection signal from the tread; and a processing device for determining the vehicle by inputting the grayscale signal of the periodic mark imaged by the line sensor.
【０００７】即ち、本発明は、車両走行路の一方の側で
所定の高さに設けられ、１次元の光量信号を得るライン
センサと、前記車両走行路を挟んで同ラインセンサと対
向する他方の側で同ラインセンサから車両進行方向に対
して後方で、かつ、同ラインセンサで撮像可能な視野内
で前記車両走行路に垂直に設けられた周期的なマーク
と、前記ラインセンサの下方の路面に埋設され、進入す
る車両の軸数、輪距、トレッド等を検知する踏板と、同
踏板で検知した車両の軸数、輪距、トレッド等の信号お
よび前記ラインセンサで検知した前記周期的マークの濃
淡信号と車両撮像信号とを入力し、これら信号を処理し
て車両を判別する処理装置とを備えたことを特徴とする
車両検知装置を提供する。That is, according to the present invention, a line sensor which is provided at a predetermined height on one side of a vehicle traveling path and obtains a one-dimensional light amount signal, and another line sensor which faces the line sensor with the vehicle traveling path interposed therebetween. On the side of the line sensor behind the vehicle traveling direction, and in the visual field that can be imaged by the line sensor, and a periodic mark provided perpendicularly to the vehicle traveling path, and below the line sensor. A tread that is buried in the road surface and detects the number of axles of the entering vehicle, wheel distance, tread, etc., and the cyclic number detected by the line sensor and the number of vehicle axles detected by the tread, wheel distance, tread, etc. There is provided a vehicle detection device comprising: a processing device that inputs a mark grayscale signal and a vehicle image pickup signal, processes the signals, and determines a vehicle.
【０００８】[0008]
【作用】本発明はこのような手段により、ラインセンサ
は、車両走行路を挟み、やや後方に設けられた周期的な
マーク、例えば、白黒マークを撮像し、この濃淡信号を
得るが、大型の箱形車両が進入すると、斜めから撮像す
るので必ずサイドミラーが先に遮光する。したがって白
黒マークの周期的な信号はサイドミラーの位置で変調す
る。この撮像された信号は処理装置に入力され、処理装
置ではこの変調の乱れの有無を利用してサイドミラーの
高さを求める。サイドミラーは運転席の側面にあるため
運転席の高さがわかり、車両の形状がわかる。According to the present invention, by such means, the line sensor picks up an image of a periodic mark, for example, a black-and-white mark, which is provided slightly behind the vehicle traveling path, and obtains the grayscale signal. When a box-shaped vehicle enters, the side mirrors always block the light, because the image is taken obliquely. Therefore, the periodic signal of the black and white mark is modulated at the position of the side mirror. The imaged signal is input to the processing device, and the processing device determines the height of the side mirror by utilizing the presence or absence of the modulation disturbance. The side mirror is on the side of the driver's seat, so you can see the height of the driver's seat and the shape of the vehicle.
【０００９】更に、処理装置は踏板により得られた軸
数、輪数、トレッド等から得られた車種の情報と、上記
ラインセンサで得られた運転席の高さから車種を判別す
るので、これら運転席の高さ、車種情報を用いて自動料
金収受機の上、中、下段いずれかの処理口を自動的に選
択することができる。Further, since the processing device discriminates the vehicle type from the information on the vehicle type obtained from the number of axles, the number of wheels, the tread, etc. obtained from the tread, and the height of the driver's seat obtained from the line sensor, these Using the height of the driver's seat and the vehicle type information, it is possible to automatically select the upper, middle, or lower processing port of the automatic toll collector.
【００１０】[0010]
【実施例】以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて具体
的に説明する。図１は本発明の一実施例に係る車両検知
装置の斜視図である。図において、１はラインセンサで
ライン状にマーク等を撮像するもの、２はラインセンサ
１の視野、３は車両１２のサイドミラー、４は直線状に
マークを配置したマーカ板で、ラインセンサ２よりも進
行方向に対し、後方に設置されている。６は路面に設け
られた踏板、７は自動料金収受機で上段、中段、下段に
それぞれ処理口８，９，１０が設けられている。１１は
ラインセンサ１および踏板６の信号より信号処理を行
い、車種を判別する処理装置である。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a vehicle detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a line sensor for picking up a line mark or the like, 2 is a field of view of the line sensor 1, 3 is a side mirror of a vehicle 12, 4 is a marker plate in which marks are linearly arranged, and the line sensor 2 It is installed rearward with respect to the traveling direction. Reference numeral 6 is a tread plate provided on the road surface, and 7 is an automatic toll collector having processing ports 8, 9 and 10 provided at upper, middle and lower stages, respectively. Reference numeral 11 denotes a processing device that performs signal processing from the signals of the line sensor 1 and the tread plate 6 to determine the vehicle type.
【００１１】前述のようにラインセンサ１と、マーカ板
４は車両走行路を挟み対向して設けられているが、マー
カ板４はラインセンサ１より車両進行方向に対し、図示
のように少し後方に設置している。また踏板６は上記ラ
インセンサ１の下方の踏面に埋設されており、車両１２
の通過中に軸数、輪数、トレッド等の車種判別要因を計
測し、車種を判別するための信号を処理装置１１へ入力
する。As described above, the line sensor 1 and the marker plate 4 are provided so as to face each other across the vehicle traveling path, but the marker plate 4 is slightly behind the line sensor 1 with respect to the vehicle traveling direction as shown in the figure. It is installed in. Further, the tread plate 6 is embedded in the tread surface below the line sensor 1, and
During the passage of the vehicle, the vehicle type discrimination factors such as the number of axles, the number of wheels, and the tread are measured, and a signal for discriminating the vehicle type is input to the processing device 11.
【００１２】このような構成の車両検知装置において、
ラインセンサ１は図１に示すように車両走行路を挟み、
やや後方に設けたマーカ板４のマークを撮像する。この
マークは後述する図２、図３に示すように直立の白黒マ
ーク５からなり、ラインセンサ１はこの白黒マーク５の
上下を１次元、かつ扇状に撮像する。撮像は前述のよう
にやや斜めから行うので、進入した大型の箱形車両１２
には、サイドミラー３から遮光した後、踏板６上を車輪
が通過する。上記サイドミラー３の位置は、ラインセン
サ１から出力される濃淡信号がサイドミラー３により遮
光され、信号出力が低下することにより検出される。In the vehicle detection device having such a structure,
The line sensor 1 sandwiches a vehicle traveling path as shown in FIG.
An image of the mark on the marker plate 4 provided slightly behind is picked up. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, which will be described later, this mark is composed of an upright black and white mark 5, and the line sensor 1 images the upper and lower sides of the black and white mark 5 one-dimensionally and in a fan shape. As described above, the image is taken from a slightly oblique angle.
After the light is blocked from the side mirrors 3, the wheels pass over the treads 6. The position of the side mirror 3 is detected when the grayscale signal output from the line sensor 1 is shielded by the side mirror 3 and the signal output is reduced.
【００１３】図２は上記の構成の車両検知装置の受光パ
ターンの説明図であり、（ａ）は車両が存在しない場
合、（ｂ）は大型車両のサイドミラーが存在する場合を
示している。図２により大型車両を判別する場合の信号
処理方法を説明する。車両が存在しないときラインセン
サ１からの出力信号は、図２（ａ）のように、撮像した
マーカ板４の白黒マーク５と同一の周期的な信号波形１
３となる。車両１２が進入し、サイドミラー３がライン
センサ１の視野２内に入ると、信号波形は同図（ｂ）の
ように信号出力の波形はサイドミラー３の位置１４で低
下し、信号波形１５となる。2A and 2B are explanatory views of a light receiving pattern of the vehicle detection device having the above-described structure. FIG. 2A shows a case where no vehicle exists and FIG. 2B shows a case where a side mirror of a large vehicle exists. A signal processing method for determining a large vehicle will be described with reference to FIG. When there is no vehicle, the output signal from the line sensor 1 has the same periodic signal waveform 1 as the black and white mark 5 of the imaged marker plate 4 as shown in FIG.
It becomes 3. When the vehicle 12 enters and the side mirror 3 enters the field of view 2 of the line sensor 1, the signal waveform is lowered at the position 14 of the side mirror 3 as shown in FIG. Becomes
【００１４】図３は同じく受光パターンの説明図で、
（ａ）はボンネットタイプの車両が存在する場合、
（ｂ）は車両全体の信号波形を示している。図３におい
て、ボンネット車の場合は、図３（ａ）のようにボンネ
ット１６の位置の信号波形の出力が符号１７で示すよう
に低下し、信号波形１８となり、続いて車両全体１９が
通過すると、同図（ｂ）のように全体の信号が低下し、
信号波形２０となる。FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a light receiving pattern similarly.
(A) is a bonnet type vehicle,
(B) has shown the signal waveform of the whole vehicle. 3, in the case of a bonnet vehicle, the output of the signal waveform at the position of the bonnet 16 decreases as indicated by reference numeral 17 as shown in FIG. 3 (a) to become the signal waveform 18, and subsequently when the entire vehicle 19 passes. , As shown in (b) of the figure, the overall signal drops,
The signal waveform 20 is obtained.
【００１５】このようにして得られた信号波形の信号処
理について図４により説明する。図４（ａ）に示すよう
に車両が存在しない場合の信号波形２５の出力電圧をＶ
1 とする。図４（ｂ）に示すように車両が進入したとき
の信号波形の低下部分２６の出力電圧をＶ2 とする。図
４（ｃ）において、この両出力電圧の差Ｖ＝Ｖ1 −Ｖ 2
を求めてその位置と大きさから、例えばサイドミラーで
あると判断する。Signal processing of the signal waveform thus obtained
The reason will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in Figure 4 (a)
The output voltage of the signal waveform 25 when there is no vehicle at V
1And When the vehicle enters as shown in Fig. 4 (b)
The output voltage of the lowered portion 26 of the signal waveform of V2And Figure
4 (c), the difference between the two output voltages V = V1-V 2
From its position and size, for example with a side mirror
Judge that there is.
【００１６】処理装置１１では、埋設された踏板６上を
車両１２が通過中に得られた軸数、輪数、トレッド等の
信号を処理するとともに、上記ラインセンサ１で得られ
た出力信号の差の出力電圧Ｖの位置から、例えば、サイ
ドミラー３の位置、すなわち運転席の高さを求めサイド
ミラー３の高さに相当する自動料金収受機７の処理口
８，９，１０から適切な位置の処理口を選択する。The processing device 11 processes signals such as the number of shafts, the number of wheels and the tread obtained while the vehicle 12 is passing over the buried tread 6 and outputs the output signal obtained by the line sensor 1. From the position of the output voltage V of the difference, for example, the position of the side mirror 3, that is, the height of the driver's seat is obtained, and it is appropriate from the processing ports 8, 9, 10 of the automatic fee collection device 7 corresponding to the height of the side mirror 3. Select the processing port for the position.
【００１７】また、処理装置１１はボンネット車の場合
は、ボンネット１６の最上段が運転席とほぼ等しいた
め、出力波形の最上段の高さに相当する自動料金収受機
７の処理口を選択する。このようにして、運転席の高さ
に応じた処理口から通行券の発行または料金の収受を行
うことができる。Further, in the case of the bonnet vehicle, the processing device 11 selects the processing port of the automatic toll collection machine 7 corresponding to the height of the uppermost stage of the output waveform because the uppermost stage of the bonnet 16 is almost equal to the driver's seat. . In this way, it is possible to issue a toll ticket or collect a toll from the processing port according to the height of the driver's seat.
【００１８】[0018]
【発明の効果】以上、具体的に説明したように、本発明
によれば、１次元の光量信号を得るラインセンサ、その
対向する側でラインセンサより車両進行方向に対し後方
で路面に垂直に設置した周期的マーク、路面に埋設され
た踏板、踏板からの検知信号およびラインセンサで撮像
した周期的マークの濃淡信号を入力し、車両を判別する
処理装置とを備えた車両検知装置としたので、周期的な
マークを撮像することにより、同じ大型のトラック、ま
たはバスでも確実に運転席の高さを検出することがで
き、このような車両検知装置を有料道路の自動料金収受
機に適用すれば車種に応じた自動料金収受機の処理口を
選択することができる。As described above in detail, according to the present invention, a line sensor that obtains a one-dimensional light amount signal is provided on the opposite side of the line sensor in a direction rearward of the vehicle direction from the line sensor and perpendicular to the road surface. Since the vehicle detection device is equipped with the installed periodic mark, the tread embedded in the road surface, the detection signal from the tread, and the gray mark signal of the periodic mark captured by the line sensor, and a processing device for discriminating the vehicle. By picking up images of periodic marks, the height of the driver's seat can be reliably detected even with the same large truck or bus, and such a vehicle detection device can be applied to automatic toll collection machines on toll roads. For example, it is possible to select the processing port of the automatic toll collection machine according to the vehicle type.
【００１９】そのために、車両の運転手は常に適正な位
置で料金収受が行えるので有料道路の料金収受システム
の信頼性も向上するものである。Therefore, the driver of the vehicle can always collect the toll at an appropriate position, so that the reliability of the toll collection system on the toll road is improved.
【図１】本発明の一実施例に係る車両検知装置の斜視図
である。FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a vehicle detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の一実施例に係る車両検知装置の受光信
号パターンの説明図で、（ａ）は車両が存在しない場
合、（ｂ）が大型車両が存在する場合を示す。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a light reception signal pattern of the vehicle detection device according to the embodiment of the present invention, where (a) shows a case where no vehicle exists and (b) shows a case where a large vehicle exists.
【図３】本発明の一実施例に係る車両検知装置の受光信
号パターンの説明図で、（ａ）はボンネットタイプの車
両が存在する場合、（ｂ）はボンネットタイプの車両全
体の信号波形を示す。FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a light reception signal pattern of the vehicle detection device according to the embodiment of the present invention, where (a) shows a signal waveform of the entire bonnet type vehicle when a bonnet type vehicle exists. Show.
【図４】本発明の一実施例に係る車両検知装置の信号処
理の説明図で、（ａ）は車両の存在しない場合の信号波
形、（ｂ）は車両が存在する場合の信号波形、（ｃ）は
両出力波形の差の信号波形を示す。FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of signal processing of the vehicle detection device according to the embodiment of the present invention, where (a) is a signal waveform in the absence of a vehicle, (b) is a signal waveform in the presence of a vehicle, c) shows the signal waveform of the difference between the two output waveforms.
【図５】従来の有料道路における車両検知装置の斜視図
である。FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a conventional vehicle detection device on a toll road.
【符号の説明】 １ ラインセンサ ２ 視野 ３ サイドミラー ４ マーカ板 ５ 白黒マーク ６ 踏板 ７ 自動料金収受機 ８ 上段処理口 ９ 中段処理口 １０ 下段処理口 １３，１５，１８ 信号波形[Explanation of symbols] 1 Line sensor 2 Field of view 3 Side mirror 4 Marker plate 5 Black and white mark 6 Tread plate 7 Automatic toll collector 8 Upper processing port 9 Middle processing port 10 Lower processing port 13, 15, 18 Signal waveform
Claims (1)
けられ、１次元の光量信号を得るラインセンサと、前記
車両走行路を挟んで同ラインセンサと対向する他方の側
で同ラインセンサから車両進行方向に対して後方で、か
つ、同ラインセンサで撮像可能な視野内で前記車両走行
路に垂直に設けられた周期的なマークと、前記ラインセ
ンサの下方の路面に埋設され、進入する車両の軸数、輪
距、トレッド等を検知する踏板と、同踏板で検知した車
両の軸数、輪距、トレッド等の信号および前記ラインセ
ンサで検知した前記周期的マークの濃淡信号と車両撮像
信号とを入力し、これら信号を処理して車両を判別する
処理装置とを備えたことを特徴とする車両検知装置。1. A line sensor, which is provided at a predetermined height on one side of a vehicle traveling path and obtains a one-dimensional light amount signal, and the same on the other side facing the line sensor with the vehicle traveling path interposed therebetween. A periodic mark that is provided in the rear of the vehicle from the line sensor in the traveling direction and perpendicular to the vehicle traveling path within a field of view that can be imaged by the line sensor, and is embedded in the road surface below the line sensor. , A tread that detects the number of axles of the entering vehicle, wheel distance, tread, etc., and a signal of the number of axles of the vehicle, wheel distance, tread, etc. detected by the tread, and a grayscale signal of the periodic mark detected by the line sensor And a vehicle image pickup signal, and a processing device that processes the signals and discriminates the vehicle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1375695A JP3073415B2 (en) | 1995-01-31 | 1995-01-31 | Vehicle detection device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1375695A JP3073415B2 (en) | 1995-01-31 | 1995-01-31 | Vehicle detection device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08202984A true JPH08202984A (en) | 1996-08-09 |
| JP3073415B2 JP3073415B2 (en) | 2000-08-07 |
Family
ID=11842103
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1375695A Expired - Fee Related JP3073415B2 (en) | 1995-01-31 | 1995-01-31 | Vehicle detection device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3073415B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6034625A (en) * | 1997-10-17 | 2000-03-07 | Nec Corporation | Radio-communication vehicle identification system |
-
1995
- 1995-01-31 JP JP1375695A patent/JP3073415B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6034625A (en) * | 1997-10-17 | 2000-03-07 | Nec Corporation | Radio-communication vehicle identification system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3073415B2 (en) | 2000-08-07 |
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