JPH08210380A - Gear type transmission synchronizer - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] [Purpose] To propose a synchronizing device for a gear type transmission, which can set a short stroke from the synchronized state to the engaged state without reducing the synchronizing capacity and strength, and can prevent defective synchronization and the like. A clutch hub 1 meshing with an output shaft 300, a sleeve 10 meshing with the clutch hub 1 and axially slidable by a shift fork, and an outer cone 30 having an inner surface formed into a conical shape, A synchronizing device including an inner cone 2 whose outer surface is formed at the same angle as the inner surface of the outer cone 30 and an intermediate cone 42 which is sandwiched between the inner cone 2 and the outer cone 30 and from which the driving force is transmitted from the clutch hub 1 by a frictional force. On the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve 1, an extended portion 12 extending in the axial direction is projected from the side surface of the sleeve 1, and an extended chamfer 13 is provided at the tip end thereof. The extended chamfer 13 and the gear chamfer 41 are provided. Length t2 between
Is shorter than the length t1 between the sleeve chamfer 11 and the gear chamfer 41.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a gear-type transmission synchronizing device, and more particularly, it is provided between a sleeve coupled to an output shaft on the synchronizing side of a manual transmission for an automobile and a gear on the synchronized side to speed up shifting. In addition, the present invention provides a gear-type transmission synchronizing device for easy operation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a typical gear synchronizer of a gear type transmission that has been conventionally adopted, there is one called a key type.
This key type synchronizer consists of a synchronizer hub that meshes with the output shaft, a sleeve that meshes with the synchronizer hub and can slide in the axial direction by a shift hawk, and a synchronizer key that fits in the groove of the synchronizer hub and the sleeve. , A synchronizer ring whose inner surface is formed into a conical shape, and a synchronizing cone that constitutes a synchronized side gear that contacts the synchronizer ring and transmits rotational force by frictional force. By moving the synchronizer ring to the synchronized gear side by synchronizing the rotation of the synchronized gear by moving it in the direction, the sleeve chamfer and the synchronizer ring chamfer are positioned at the relative position by the synchronizer key and the key groove formed in the synchronizer ring. And then the sleeve Moving to those to completely linked to the synchronized gear shift stage.

As such a key-type synchronizer, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-66923, a short first inner spline portion and a long second inner spline portion are arranged at equal intervals on the circumference. The inner spline should be formed by arranging it, and a synchronizer key for preventing slip-out should be provided at the lower part of the second inner spline part, and the ring side spline of the synchronizer ring corresponding to the second inner spline part should be cut out. Have proposed a structure configured to reduce an invalid stroke generated after completion of synchronization and improve a shift feeling.

[0004]

By the way, in the prior art of the structure in which the sleeve chamfers are alternately arranged as disclosed in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-66923, the strength is higher than that of the chamfer of a general key type synchronizing device. Since it becomes weaker, it is necessary to increase the tooth thickness or lengthen the tooth width, in which case there is a problem that the shift stroke becomes long.

Further, in the conventional key type synchronizer, the synchronizer ring is pressed against the synchronized gear side to synchronize the rotation of the synchronized gear, and then the sleeve is further moved to complete the synchronized gear of the gear stage. Since the action of synchronizing the rotation with the gear on the synchronized side does not work during the period until it is connected to the gear, if the time (shift stroke) required from meshing to meshing is relatively long, it will be temporarily synchronized during that period. What I did causes a deviation of the rotation speed again,
This has been a cause of gear rattle between gear chamfers when meshing.

Further, particularly in the case of shifting at a low speed stage, since the gear ratio and the like are set low, the diameter of the gear of the synchronized side gear becomes large and the inertial mass (synchronization capacity) for synchronizing increases accordingly. As a result, there are drawbacks such as a heavy operation force required for gear shifting. Therefore, the present invention has been proposed in order to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and its object is to set a short stroke from the synchronized state to the engagement without reducing the synchronizing capacity and strength. Therefore, the present invention proposes a synchronizing device for a gear type transmission which can prevent a synchronization failure and the like and can set a shift stroke at the time of shifting short so that a large gear lever ratio can be obtained and an operating force can be reduced. .

[0007]

In order to solve the above problems and achieve the object, a synchronizing device for a gear type transmission according to the present invention has the following constitution. That is, a sleeve that meshes with the clutch hub fixed to the drive shaft is moved in a predetermined direction, and a chamfer provided on the sleeve is meshed with a desired gear chamfer on the synchronized side through a synchronizer ring to change the speed. And a second chamfer provided on the sleeve and engaged with a chamfer of the synchronizer ring, and a second chamfer provided on the sleeve and engaged with the gear chamfer. The chamfer is formed independently, and the length between the second chamfer and the gear chamfer is set shorter than the length between the first chamfer and the gear chamfer.

[0008]

As described above, in the synchronizing device for a gear type transmission of the present invention, the length between the second chamfer and the gear chamfer is set shorter than the length between the first chamfer and the gear chamfer. Therefore, the stroke from the synchronized state due to the engagement of the first chamfer and the chamfer of the synchronizer ring to the engagement of the second chamfer and the gear chamfer can be shortened without decreasing the synchronization capacity and the strength of the chamfer. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of a synchronization failure such that the synchronized one causes a rotational speed deviation again.

Further, since the shift stroke at the time of shifting can be set to be short, a large gear ratio can be obtained and the operating force can be reduced.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment in which the synchronizing device for a gear type transmission of the present invention is applied to a vehicle transmission as a key synchronizing device will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a main part in which the key type synchronizer of the present embodiment is provided in a gear transmission of a vehicle. In the following description, first, the configuration of the synchronizer in the second speed stage shown on the left side of the center line I in FIG. 1 will be described, and then the synchronizer in the first speed stage shown on the right side of the center line I in FIG. 1 will be described. The configuration will be described.

Referring to FIG. 1, a key type synchronizer of this embodiment has an output shaft 30 for transmitting a driving force from a crankshaft.
A clutch hub 1 that meshes with 0, a sleeve 10 that meshes with the clutch hub 1 and is slidable in the axial direction by a shift fork (not shown), and a synchronizer key that fits in the groove of the clutch hub 1 and the sleeve 10. 20 and an outer cone (synchronizer ring) 30 having a conical inner surface
Then, the inner cone 2 which is joined to the clutch hub 1 and whose outer surface is formed into a conical shape at the same angle as the inner surface of the outer cone 30 is sandwiched between the inner cone 2 and the outer cone 30, and the driving force from the clutch hub 1 is generated by the frictional force. It comprises an intermediate cone (synchronizing cone) 42 connected to the synchronized gear 40 to be transmitted.

The clutch hub 1 is fitted in the output shaft 300 with a key groove and rotates together with the output shaft 300. A plurality of key grooves are formed on the outer circumference of the clutch hub 1, a synchronizer key 20 is fitted therein, and a sleeve 10 is fitted thereon. The side surface of the clutch hub 1 is formed with a concave groove over the entire circumference so that the synchronizer ring 30 can be fitted therein.

The sleeve 10 includes a synchronizer key 20.
Is fitted on top of. Further, the sleeve 10 is pressed from the inside through the synchronizer key 20 by the key spring 3 provided in the concave groove of the clutch hub 1. At the center of the key groove formed on the inner surface of the sleeve 1, a groove 14 into which the protrusion of the key is fitted is formed. Further, a plurality of sleeve chamfers 11 are formed on the inner surface of the sleeve 10. On the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve 1, an extended portion 12 extending in the axial direction is projected from the side surface thereof, and an extended chamfer 13 is provided at the tip end portion thereof. A length t2 between the extended chamfer 13 and a gear chamfer 41 described later is set shorter than a length t1 between the sleeve chamfer 11 and the gear chamfer 41.

Each of the plurality of synchronizer keys 20 is fitted in the key groove of the clutch hub 1, and the protrusion of its back is fitted in the groove 14 of the sleeve 10. The outer cone (synchronizer ring) 30 is provided with a plurality of key grooves 33 on its side surface, and the distal end portion 21 of the key 20 is fitted therein, and rotates with the clutch hub. The outer cone 30 has an inner peripheral surface 30a formed in a conical shape, and contacts the outer peripheral surface 42a of the intermediate cone 42 as it is axially pushed by the tip 21 of the synchronizer key 20 and is rotated by the frictional force. To convey. On the outer peripheral surface of the outer cone 30, a synchronizer ring chamfer 31 having the same shape as the sleeve chamfer 11 is provided at a position facing the sleeve chamfer 11. The inner cone 2 is joined to the groove on the side surface of the clutch hub 1 at the joint surface 2b, and the outer peripheral surface 2a thereof is connected to the inner peripheral surface 30a of the outer cone 30.
It has a conical shape at the same angle as. Inner cone 2
The intermediate cone 4 located between the outer cone 30 and the outer cone 30.
2, the inner peripheral surface 42a and the outer peripheral surface 42b are formed in a conical shape at the same angle as the inner peripheral surfaces 2a and 30a of the inner cone 2 and the outer cone 30. This middle cone 42
The inner cone 2 as the outer cone 30 is pushed axially by the tip 21 of the synchronizer key 20.
The driving force is transmitted from the clutch hub 1 by being sandwiched between the outer cone 30 and the frictional force. The synchronized side gear 40 connected to the intermediate cone 42 is connected to the second speed gear 100 to transmit the rotational force from the clutch hub, and
The rotational force is transmitted to the second speed gear 100. On the outer circumference of the synchronized gear 40, a gear chamfer 41 having the same shape as the extended chamfer 13 is provided at a position facing the extended chamfer 13. The second gear 100 has the same center of rotation as the output shaft 300, and is supported around the output shaft 300 via a bearing 101.

Next, the structure of the synchronizer in the first speed shown on the right side of the center line I in FIG. 1 will be described. The structure of the synchronizer in the first speed is the same as that described in the conventional example. Therefore, a detailed description will be omitted and only an outline will be described. The synchronizer in the first speed stage includes a clutch 1 hub that meshes with the output shaft 300, and a sleeve 1 that meshes with the clutch hub 1 and is slidable in the axial direction by a shift hawk.
0, the synchronizer key 20 that fits in the groove of the clutch hub 1 and the sleeve 10, the synchronizer ring 30 whose inner peripheral surface 30a is formed in a conical shape, and the outer peripheral surface 40'a that contacts the synchronizer ring 30. It is composed of a synchronizing cone 40 'which constitutes a synchronized gear to which a rotational force is transmitted by a frictional force. The synchronizing cone 40 ′ is connected to the first speed gear 200 to transmit the rotational force from the clutch hub 1 and also to transmit the rotational force to the first speed gear 200. A gear chamfer 41 ′ having the same shape as the sleeve chamfer 11 is provided on the outer periphery of the synchronizing cone 40 ′ at a position facing the sleeve chamfer 11. The first speed gear 200 has the same center of rotation as the output shaft 300, and is supported around the output shaft 300 via a bearing 201. By the way,
Comparing the configurations on the right side and the left side of the center line I, shows the structural difference between the key type synchronizing device of the present embodiment and the prior art. That is, in the conventional example, the outer cone taper surface 30a of the synchronizer ring 30 is moved by moving the sleeve 10 and the synchronizer key 20 in the axial direction, so that the synchronizing cone taper surface 40a on the synchronized gear side.
In this embodiment, the rotation of the synchronized gear 40 'is tuned by sandwiching the intermediate cone 42 connected to the synchronized gear 40 with the outer cone 30 and the inner cone 2 while the rotation of the synchronized gear 40' is tuned. Is different from the conventional example. In addition, the extension portion 12 is extended to the sleeve 10, and the extension chamfer 13 is further provided at the tip end portion thereof.
This is a new configuration not found in the conventional example. Operational Principle of the Present Embodiment Next, a specific operational principle of the key type synchronizing device of the present embodiment described above will be described with reference to FIGS. Figure 2
FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the operating state of the key type synchronizer of this embodiment. The operating principle in the case of shifting from the first speed shown on the right side of the center line I in FIG. 1 to the second speed shown on the left side of the center line I in FIG. 1 will be described below.

(I) First, as shown in FIG. 1, if the shift lever (not shown) is slightly moved to the second gear from the neutral state in which the sleeve 10 is not connected to the first gear or the second gear. The shift hawk (not shown) moves the sleeve 10 together with the key 20 in the arrow S1 direction. Then, the tip 21 of the key is the outer cone (synchronizer ring) 30.
It abuts against the key groove end surface 32 (see FIG. 2). When the sleeve is further moved, the key 21 pushes the outer cone (synchronizer ring) 30, and the inner peripheral surface 30a of the outer cone (synchronizer cone) 30 contacts the outer peripheral surface 42a of the intermediate cone 42. Further, since there is relative rotation between the outer cone (synchronizer ring) 30 and the synchronized gear 40, only the gap of the key groove 33 causes the outer cone 3 to rotate.
0 rotates, and the sleeve chamfer 11 and the synchronizer chamfer 31 are at positions facing each other. At this time, the sleeve chamfer 11 is in a relative position with respect to the synchronizer ring chamfer 31, and the extended chamfer 13
Is located away from the gear chamfer 41.

(Ii) When the sleeve is further moved, the sleeve chamfer 11 comes into contact with the synchronizer ring chamfer 31, the movement of the sleeve 10 is restricted, and the key 21 pushes the outer cone (synchronizer ring) 30 and the outer cone ( The inner peripheral surface 30 a of the synchronizer cone 30 is the outer peripheral surface 42 of the intermediate cone 42.
contact a. Then, a friction torque is generated so as to sandwich the intermediate cone 42 between the inner peripheral surface 30a of the outer cone (synchronizer cone) 30 and the outer peripheral surface 2a of the inner cone 2, and the intermediate cone 42 has the same speed as the sleeve 10 and synchronization is achieved. (See FIG. 3). At this time, the length t between the sleeve chamfer 11 and the gear chamfer 41 is
1, the length t2 between the extended chamfer 13 and the gear chamfer 41 is set to be short, so that the extended chamfer 13 and the gear chamfer 41 are synchronized with each other by the engagement between the sleeve chamfer 11 and the synchronizer ring chamfer 31. Is shortened, and the extended chamfer 13 comes closer to and faces the gear chamfer 41.

(Iii) Sleeve 10 and intermediate cone 42
When and become the same speed, the synchronized side gear (the gear connected to the second speed gear) 40 joined to the sleeve 10 and the intermediate cone 42 becomes the same speed, so that the outer cone 30 and the inner cone 2 and the intermediate cone 42 The friction torque between and disappears, the regulation of the sleeve 10 is also released, the sleeve 10 becomes movable in the axial direction, and the outer cone (synchronizer ring) 30 is pushed apart to mesh with the synchronizer chamfer. At this time, the extended chamfer 13 contacts the gear chamfer 41, and the sleeve 10 and the second speed gear 40.
While maintaining the synchronism with the second gear, the second speed gear is pushed separately as the sleeve 10 moves in the axial direction, and meshes with the gear chamfer 41 to complete the gear shift (see FIG. 4). Thus, for the length t1 between the sleeve chamfer 11 and the gear chamfer 41, the extended chamfer 13 and the gear chamfer 4 are arranged.
Since the length t2 between 1 and 1 is set to be short, the stroke from the synchronized state due to the engagement of the sleeve chamfer 11 and the synchronizer ring chamfer 31 to the engagement of the extended chamfer 13 and the gear chamfer 41 can be shortened,
It is possible to prevent the occurrence of a synchronization failure such that a once-synchronized one causes a rotational speed deviation again. Modifications The present invention can be variously modified without departing from the spirit thereof.

For example, in the above embodiment, the extension portion 12 is provided in the synchronizer on the first speed side shown on the right side of the center line I in FIG.
There is no intermediate cone 42 or inner cone 2,
It is also possible to form the first speed side and the second speed side in the same shape (that is, in a shape symmetrical with respect to the center line I). Also,
In the above embodiment, the upshift gear shift to the second gear is described as an example, but it goes without saying that the synchronizing device of the present embodiment may be used for the downshift gear shift to the low gear.

[0020]

As described above, in the gear transmission synchronizer of the present invention, the length between the second chamfer and the gear chamfer is shorter than the length between the first chamfer and the gear chamfer. Since it is set, the stroke from the synchronized state due to the engagement of the first chamfer and the chamfer of the synchronizer ring to the engagement of the second chamfer and the gear chamfer can be shortened without reducing the synchronization capacity and the strength of the chamfer. Thus, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of a synchronization failure such that a once-synchronized one causes a rotational speed deviation again.

Further, since the shift stroke at the time of shifting can be set to be short, a large gear ratio can be obtained and the operating force can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of essential parts in which a key transmission of this embodiment is provided in a gear transmission of a vehicle.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an operating state of the key type synchronizer of the present embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an operating state of the key type synchronizing device of the present embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an operating state of the key type synchronizer of the present embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ... Clutch hub 2 ... Inner cone 3 ... Key spring 10 ... Sleeve 11 ... Sleeve chamfer 13 ... Extended chamfer 20 ... Key 30 ... Outer cone 31 ... Synchronizer ring chamfer 40 ... Synchronized gear 41 ... Gear chamfer 42 ... Intermediate cone 100 ... 2nd gear 200 ... 1st gear

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A sleeve that meshes with the clutch hub fixed to a drive shaft is moved in a predetermined direction, and a chamfer provided on the sleeve is meshed with a gear chamfer on a desired synchronized side via a synchronizer ring. And a first chamfer provided on the sleeve and engaged with a chamfer of the synchronizer ring, and a gear chamfer provided with the sleeve and engaged with the gear chamfer. A second chamfer is formed independently, and the length between the second chamfer and the gear chamfer is set shorter than the length between the first chamfer and the gear chamfer. Gear type transmission synchronizer. 2. The synchronizer for a gear type transmission according to claim 1, wherein the second chamfer is formed on an outer peripheral side of the first chamfer in the sleeve. 3. The gear chamfer is engaged with the second chamfer after the first chamfer and the chamfer of the synchronizer ring are engaged at the time of shifting. A gear-type transmission synchronizing device as described. 4. The synchronizing device for a gear type transmission according to claim 1, wherein the gear chamfer on the synchronized side is fixed to a low speed gear such as a first speed or a second speed.