JPH08238040A - Filtration of water for breeding admiration fish - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a method for filtering the breeding water for admiration fish, effective for facilitating the breeding of the fish and enabling the easy enjoyment of aquarium by anyone. CONSTITUTION: This filtration method for the breeding water of admiration fish in closed system comprises the use of a filtering medium composed of a powdery ion-exchange resin obtained by crushing a used ion-exchange resin to fine particles and a supporting material for the resin powder and the activation of the filtering medium by bringing the medium into contact with seawater or saline water.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

[Industrial application] It is intended to facilitate artificial rearing of aquatic organisms, and by allowing the rearing of as many aquatic organisms as possible, especially fish, in the limited aquatic environment, aquariums can be used in ordinary households as well. Made it easy to enjoy.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Artificial breeding of fish, especially saltwater fish, is extremely difficult and requires specialized techniques (know-how). To breed fish without dying, dissolved components in water (ammonia, nitrite, nitric acid, etc.) ) Is proposed, and frequent water changes are required to protect it. Various filtration methods (physical filtration using wool, etc. and biological filtration using porous ore, sand, etc.) are carried out to maintain the water quality, but the residual bait and feces of fish are filtered to remove harmful bacteria. There is no such cheap and convenient filtration method, and breeding ornamental fish is considered troublesome. In particular, it takes a certain period (about one month) for the biological filtration to operate normally. During this period, it has been proposed to use activated carbon, zeolite, or granular ion exchange resin, but the method of its use is However, there were no breakthroughs, and the effect of these adsorbents was mainly due to the chemical action during the first month of breeding, and fish often died during this period. As seen in the present invention, it was examined in relation to the metabolic by-products of microorganisms, and the application effect was also examined for ion exchange resins (particularly those that were made into fine particles and had a remarkably expanded surface area) for a long period of 6 months or more. There is no preceding example.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a new filtration system for solving the above-mentioned problems and a filter material necessary for the filtration system. As a result, not only freshwater organisms but also saltwater fish can be easily raised for a long period of time. It made it possible to increase the number of fish raised in the limited water area without changing water.

Further, breeding has become possible without requiring a preparation period until the biological filtration operates smoothly.

As a result, anyone can easily enjoy the aquarium.

[0006]

[Means for Solving the Problems] Powder ion exchange resins, particularly ion exchange resins in the form of fine particles of 100 μm or less,
It was found that in addition to the resin's original ion exchange action, it forms aggregates with cloudy components (remaining food, feces, bacteria, cyanobacteria) in the fish's rearing water.

The ion exchange resin is a polymer obtained by adding an acidic or alkaline exchange group to a copolymer of styrene and divinylbenzene, and is a spherical granular substance having a diameter of 0.3 to 2 mm. It is usually used for desalting water and decolorizing sugar solutions. The ion exchange resin used in the present invention is obtained by mechanically pulverizing the above-mentioned granular ion exchange resin to 200 μm or less.

The resin used in the present invention does not necessarily have to be new and may be prepared from used granular resin.

In use, it was more excellent in biological filtration effect to use a product regenerated by a conventional method (such as salt).
In particular, when it is applied to seawater, it is often sufficient to bring it into contact with seawater after crushing, and although it is unclear why it is, the effect of biological filtration was excellent.

The support of the powder ion exchange resin may be any of gravel, activated carbon, fibers and the like, but it is non-woven fabric, glass wool and vegetable fibers that are particularly effective for making a filter medium.

The mixing ratio of the ion exchange resin to the resin support may be equal to or less than the weight (weight) of the resin, and when used, the fibers swell in water and the volume of the filter medium is ten times the volume of the resin when dried. That's all.

The finer the resin, the more closely it adheres to the fibers and does not separate, and the resin and fibers form an ideal filter medium with a uniform distribution and low filtration resistance (porosity: high).

[0013]

It has been found that by using the filter medium according to the present invention in a filter for raising fish breeding water, residual feed and feces in the breeding water can be effectively separated without clogging of the filter medium. That is, the suspended components in the water tank are transferred to the filtration layer outside the water tank. As a result, it has been found that the following unexpected actions occur around the ion exchange resin in the filtration layer. That is, not only the cloudy component consisting of the residual bait and the organic matter derived from feces adheres around the powder ion-exchange resin, but also soluble salts such as nitrogen component are adsorbed by the resin having the exchange group.

Such a filter layer rich in nutrients serves as a suitable residence for bacteria and promotes the biological filtration effect. More conveniently, it was found that the bacteria attached to the filter body formed a biofilm without leaking and significantly reduced the number of bacteria in the breeding water.

As a result, the breeding water was clarified, and it was thought that not only did the pathogens harmful to fish be reduced, the proteolytic action in the breeding water was suppressed, and the abundance of metabolites in water was reduced. Be done. On the other hand, in the vicinity of the filtration layer, microbial action becomes active, and proteolytic action and metabolic action are promoted. However, the surface suction action of the powder ion exchange resin renders the metabolites harmless without dissolving them in water. As a result, the most important biofiltration is promoted,
This will prevent the rapid increase or decrease in water of harmful components due to protein degradation and harmful components for fish.

This action effect is not a direct action of the ion exchange group possessed by the resin, but is a new action which has been brought out only by using the powder ion exchange resin. Although it is difficult to explain this effect clearly at present, harmful metabolites (reactive oxygen,
It is presumed that a powder ion exchange resin effectively acts as a receptor for free radicals and the like.

It is also an unexpected and important effect that the activity of bacteria in the water in the aquarium is reduced and the activity of the bacteria in the external filter outside the aquarium is doubled as compared with the conventional method. Reduced contact between fish and microbial metabolites, which are thought to act at concentrations below the order, mitigates damage to fish cell membranes caused by metabolites.
It is presumed that this led to the prevention of the deterioration of the water environment in the aquarium and the maintenance of a healthy aquatic ecosystem.

Although it is true that the absolute values of ammonia and nitrite, which are harmful to fish, have been lowered,
Although there are many unclear points that cannot be analyzed only from such a viewpoint, it is a new invention that the fish breeding continued for 3 years or longer without water change, did not impair aesthetics, and did not cause foul odor. However, the effect on the industry is great. However, there are many unclear points regarding the physiological effects of fish that live by gills respiration and skin metabolism, and it is difficult to clearly explain the effects under the present circumstances.

Even during this experiment, the nitrate nitrogen concentration was 1 or less.
50 mg / l (1/10 of this value is considered dangerous)
No abnormalities have been found in the ecology of fish even after the above.

At the present time, it is difficult to clearly explain the action of the present invention, but the method of the present invention is a new filtration system for reducing bacteria and white turbid components in breeding water as much as possible, which is physical filtration. Moreover, it can be said that it brought about an unexpected synergistic effect in biological filtration, and as a result, facilitated artificial rearing of fish.

[0021]

Embodiments will be described in detail below with reference to embodiments.

Example 1 Tropical fish (guppy) 60 in a 60 × 45 × 50 cm aquarium
Cats were thrown in, river sand was laid on the bottom, and a breeding test was started using a generally well-known filtration device using the upper filtration method. The filter is equipped with a powder ion exchange resin-fiber filter (volume: 1 l) and the breeding water is circulated and filtered at 50 l / h. As Comparative Example 1, a water tank equipped with the same amount of granular activated carbon (for ornamental fish by Eheim Co.) was prepared, and a breeding test was started in the same manner. The food was fed 1 g each in the morning and evening.

Test Results In Comparative Example 1, the clarity of the water decreased after one week, three fish died, and eight more died one month later, but in the Example, three fish died in three months. There was a clear difference in the growth of the fish just by dying.

During that time, the breeding waters of the examples maintained their clarity, and the difference was apparent at first glance. For ornamental fish, this difference is significant. When the breeding was continued for another two months only by replenishing the evaporated water without changing the water, even the birth of new life was recognized in the example, while the number of the surviving fish was almost half in the comparative example 1. became.

Three months later, aquatic plants (high grophylla) were planted, and the growth state of these plants and the presence or absence of a purifying action on water were observed.

As a result, while the aquatic plants thrived in the Examples, algae propagated in the aquatic plants in Comparative Example 1 and the leaves turned blackish brown, which was aesthetically unacceptable. Six months later, in Comparative Example 1, black-brown moss adhered to the entire aquarium, and the aquatic plants became black-brown lumps.

On the other hand, in the Examples, the reproduction of moss was small, and it was confirmed that an innumerable number of children (50 or more) grew up and were swimming among the aquatic plants.

In the meantime, in Comparative Example 1, the majority of fish died and the number of surviving fish became several, whereas in the Example, the number of dead fish was only 3.

In the example, it has been already over three years just by supplementing the evaporated water, but the balance is maintained while the number of fish increases to the extent that it seems to be overcrowded. The water is always clear (just by cutting the grass and removing the moss from the wall from time to time) to keep the aquarium in good condition.

Water quality: pH 6.98 Electrical conductivity: 1.9 ms / cm Ammonia nitrogen: 0.18 mg / l Nitrite nitrogen: 0.10 mg / l Nitrate nitrogen: 155 mg / l

Example 2 In the comparative test of Example 1, a cleansing test of breeding water which became cloudy after 6 months was carried out by the following method.

A closed internal circulation filtration device (Eheim external filter 2213) was set in the water tank. Filtration Material: Physical Filtration (Ahaimek and Ahifix) Biological Filtration (Ahi Substrut) Adsorbent (Granular Activated Carbon) and Filtration Cotton Ahishins (fine dust physical filtration) This method is referred to as Comparative Example 2.

The above-mentioned contaminated breeding water (Comparative Example 1) was caused to flow through a filter constituted of the above-mentioned filtering agent, and changes in water quality were examined.

As a result, even after one week, the transparency of the cloudy water was slightly improved, and no significant change in appearance was observed other than the deodorizing effect.

From this fact, it was found that the cloudy component was fine particles which could not be removed by the ordinary physical filtration method.

At this time, the analytical values of the treated water were as follows. Water quality: pH 5.1 Electrical conductivity: 0.85 ms / cm Ammonia nitrogen: 6.7 mg / l Nitrite nitrogen: 3.8 mg / l Nitrate nitrogen: 245 mg / l Permeability (cell length): 88% General Number of bacteria: 8500 / ml

100 ml of the water of the above water quality was sampled in a graduated cylinder, and 50 mg of a strongly basic anion exchange resin (Amberlite IRA900: crushed product 100 μm or less) was mixed with a strong acidic cation exchange resin (Amberlite IR20).
0: crushed product 100 micron or less) was added, and after stirring, 3
It was found that a colorless and odorless transparent supernatant (transmittance 5 cm, 99%) was obtained by leaving it to stand for 0 minute.

The ion exchange resin used was a product prepared by crushing a used granular resin having a reduced capacity in the desalting step of water.

In the filter material of the above-mentioned Eheim filter, all the filter materials such as Ahi Substruts, which is a biological filter material, and granular activated carbon are removed, and powder ion exchange resin (strong basic anion exchange resin) is used instead. Resin Amberlite I
RA900: Strong Acid Cation Exchange Resin Amberlite IR
200) 100 g of glass wool and cellulosic fibers are mixed and adhered to the filter medium, which is filled and passed through fresh seawater, washed with water, and then passed through the breeding water, and after one day,
I checked the water quality.

Water quality: pH 6.5 Electrical conductivity: 0.73 ms / cm Ammonia nitrogen: 6.0 mg / l Permeability (cell length 5 cm): 95.5% General bacterium count: 659 / ml

As is clear from the water quality, not only the change in appearance but also the fact that the number of bacteria (virus) was significantly decreased, and the soluble salts were also clearly decreased. Was given.

After circulating water in the water tank through the filter, the water quality was examined one week later. As a result, I learned that the water quality will be improved.

Water quality: pH 6.8 Electrical conductivity: 0.56 ms / cm Ammonia nitrogen: 0.5 mg / l Permeability: 99.6% General bacterium count: 380 / ml

Example 3 The upper filtration apparatus shown in Example 1 and the external type internal circulation filtration apparatus shown in Example 2 were used together in a 90 × 45 × 60 cm water tank. Each of the filters is filled with the filter material composed of the powder ion exchange resin and the fibrous resin support.

As Comparative Example 3, a filter filled with the same filtering material as in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 is installed.

200 l of artificial seawater was poured into each aquarium,
20 saltwater fish (10 debass sparrows and 1 cobalt sparrow
(0 animals) was put in to carry out a breeding test.

As a result, in the comparative example, all the fish died after 6 months, whereas in the examples, only two debass sparrows and one cobalt sparrow died, and the application effect was also obtained in saltwater fish. It became clear that there is.

[0047]

The effect of the present invention is to provide a filtration system (filter material) that facilitates the breeding of ornamental fish in ordinary households.

The feature of the present filtration system is that the water quality is kept clear for a long time by bringing the breeding water in the water tank into contact with the powder ion exchange resin.

As a result, it became possible to keep the aquatic ecosystem normal. Particularly in the case of ornamental fish, aesthetics are important, so preventing clouding of breeding water is an important effect by itself.

Although it was an unexpected effect, this resulted in the possible reduction of bacterial activity in the aquarium, which is believed to be most relevant for fish mortality, in the vicinity of the filter. Increased the activity of bacteria.

A special filtration system for circulating the water in the water tank is necessary for adsorbing and adhering the suspension to the filter medium, and a powdered resin fiber which is a special filter medium is used for this filter system. This allowed the separation of cloudy components, and this physical filtration effect doubled the biological filtration effect. It was also proved that it is possible to breed Daiscus for 6 months or more without changing water, even if it is difficult to breed.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A method for filtering water for breeding aquatic organisms mainly composed of freshwater fish and saltwater fish, which comprises pulverizing a used granular ion-exchange resin into fine particles and supporting the same. A filtration method characterized by using a filter medium composed of 2. A method for treating an ornamental fish filter medium, which comprises activating the filter medium according to claim 1 by contacting it with seawater or an aqueous sodium chloride solution.