JPH08244A - Harvester for onion - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a harvester for onions capable of smoothly and surely cutting stemlet and rootlet parts of the onions taken in by the movement of a mobile machine body while conveying the stemlet and rootlet parts and thereby efficiently performing harvesting operations. CONSTITUTION:This harvester for onions is obtained by arranging a root cutting unit 10 housing root cutting cutters 39 in a horizontal state above the first conveying belt mechanisms, protrusively installing rod sensors 48 for sensing the height of bulbs (17a) from the rear surface thereof toward the carrying-in side of each conveying belt mechanism and automatically changing the cutting positions of the root cutting cutters 39 in connection with the sensing of vertical rocking with the sensors 48. A pair of rotating brushes 40 and 40 for standing rootlet parts (17c) of the bulbs (17a) are oppositely installed in an overlapped state facing to the cutting positions of the root cutting cutters 39.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a harvesting device for harvesting onions left unloaded in a field, and particularly, to smoothly and reliably transport the thin stems and thin roots of the onions that have been taken in with the movement of the traveling machine body. The present invention relates to an onion harvesting device that can be cut into pieces and efficiently perform harvesting work.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, as for onions sold at stores or through other distribution systems, only the bulbs used for food are commercial products. Therefore, the fine stems and fine roots of the harvested onions are hand-crafted. It is designed to be shipped after being cut and trimmed. However, in the shaping work of the harvested onions as described above, a lot of manpower and working time are required, and variations in the shaped onions are likely to occur, and it is difficult to secure uniform quality as a product, In particular, it requires a high level of skill to cut the fine roots, which are extremely fine compared to the fine stems and have a large number of them, and tend to fall over. This, combined with the large number of items, significantly reduced work efficiency.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention was conceived in the course of its development in pursuit of improving workability and ensuring quality in onion harvesting and shaping in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and its object is to achieve the object. On the other hand, from onion harvesting to its shaping can be performed collectively on a machine that travels as a series of operations, and it is possible to improve workability and product quality at the same time. It is intended to provide a harvesting device.

[0004]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the first technical means adopted by the present invention is a first conveyor belt mechanism for sandwiching and conveying an inverted onion bulb, and a first conveyor belt mechanism. The second conveyor belt mechanism, which sandwiches and conveys the onion thin stem portion at a position below the second conveyor belt mechanism, is arranged from the rear portion to the front portion of the traveling body to cut the thin stem portion and the fine root portion of the bulb. While the onion harvesting device is configured to be transported, a root cutting unit that horizontally stores a root cutting cutter is provided above the first transfer belt mechanism,
Also, a rod sensor for detecting the height of the bulbs is provided so as to project from the rear surface of the root cutting unit toward the carry-in side of each conveyor belt mechanism, and the root cutting unit can be moved up and down via swing support means. None, and is configured to automatically change the cutting position of the root cutting cutter in association with the vertical swing detection of the rod sensor. As a second technical means, the loading start end of the first conveyor belt mechanism is On the side, a root cutting unit that horizontally stores the root cutting cutter is arranged, and facing the cutting position of the root cutting cutter, a pair of rotating brushes that erect the fine root portion of the bulb are superposed. It is characterized by having been placed opposite.

[0005]

Therefore, according to the present invention, the harvested onions can be shaped immediately on the machine running during the harvesting work, and the fine stalks can be cut smoothly and surely, leading to the shipment. It is possible to easily achieve labor saving of labor required for pre-work and reduction of working time.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The configuration of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a machine body provided with a pair of crawler devices 2 and 2 on the left and right sides. An engine 3 is mounted on a front portion of the machine body 1, and an onion harvesting mechanism 4 is provided on a main body thereof in a machine body traveling direction A. On the other hand, the harvesting device 7 is constructed by obliquely installing the foldable work seat 6 equipped with the tail wheel 5 to the rear part of the machine body 1 while being installed obliquely in a front-high-low position in a side view. As the traveling machine body 1 advances, the worker B seated on the work seat 6 carries in the onions that have been removed from the field to the harvesting mechanism 4.

The harvesting mechanism 4 has two sets of onion carrying paths 9 and 9 arranged between the frames 8a and 8b which are erected on the machine body 1 in a rearwardly inclined manner in a front-high-rear-low shape in a side view. Further, vertically movable root cutting units 10 and 10 respectively corresponding to the carry-in paths 9 and 9 are arranged at the upper and lower positions, and a drive pulley 13a is attached to an output shaft 12 of a bevel case 11 linked to the engine 3. 13b and 14 are coaxially supported, and via the transmission belts 15 and 16, the above-mentioned loading path 9,
And the driving force is transmitted to the root cutting units 10 and 10.

The respective carrying-in paths 9 and 9 are arranged in parallel from the rear portion of the machine body 1 toward the front portion thereof at a predetermined interval, and the pair of first conveying belt mechanisms for sandwiching and conveying the bulbs 17a of the onions 17 are conveyed. 18, and the first conveyor belt mechanism 18, 18
And two sets of second conveyor belt mechanisms 19 and 19 for sandwiching and conveying the thin stem portion 17b of the onion 17 at a lower position of the onion 17 and the second crawler devices 2 and 2, respectively, are eccentrically disposed to the lateral side. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, a gutter-shaped shooter 9a formed in the width direction of the machine body is provided at the end of the carry-in paths 9 and 9 from the high position to the low position on one side of the machine body 1. The onion 17 is slanted toward the side and further extends rearward from the other side to the rear of the machine body 1 to guide the onion 17 shaped only to the bulb 17a to the outside of the machine. Further, below the carry-in paths 9 and 9, there is provided a discharge conveyor mechanism 9b that conveys the narrow stem portion 17b cut by the root cutting cutters 39 and 39, which will be described later, in the machine width direction. With the progress of No. 1, the thin stem portion 17b is discharged to the outer side of the machine.

The first conveyor belt mechanism 18 has drive rollers 21 and 21 and driven rollers 22 and 22 which are adjacent to both ends of support frames 20 and 20 in which an intermediate portion is bent in a side view in a concave shape. Is supported by each roller 21,
Conveyor belts 23, 23 are wound between 22. Further, the second conveyor belt mechanism 19 includes the frame 8
The upper drive pulley 25a and the lower drive pulley 25b are coaxially and adjacently supported by the front end of the inclined frame 24 installed between a and 8b, and the upper driven pulley 26a and the lower side are supported by the rear end of the inclined frame 24. The driven pulleys 26b are coaxially supported, and the vertical distance between the upper drive pulley 25a and the lower drive pulley 25b is set to the upper driven pulley 26b.
When the upper sub-belt 27 and the lower sub-belt 28 are wound around the upper pulleys 25a and 26a and between the lower pulleys 25b and 26b, respectively, the gap is set larger than the vertical distance between the a and the lower driven pulley 26b. The second conveyor belt mechanism 19 is configured so that the lower sub belt 28 is opened from the upper sub belt 27 in a side view. Further, a disc-shaped stem cutting cutter 29 is rotatably supported in parallel with the transport direction of the second transport belt mechanism 19 at a position near the upper and lower sides of the upper drive pulley 25a and the lower drive pulley 25b. The cutter belt 30 and the cutter pulleys 31, 3
It is interlockingly connected to the output shaft 12 via 2.

The first conveyor belt mechanism 18 is shown in FIG.
As shown in (a) to (c), the coil-shaped biasing ammunition 33 is provided on both support frames 20, 2 in proximity to the drive rollers 21, 21 of the support frames 20, 20 which are spaced apart and parallel to each other.
The support frames 20, 20 are urged in the direction in which the intervals between the conveyor belts 23, 23 are narrowed, and the driven rollers 22, 22 of the support frames 20, 20 are provided.
At the intermediate portion near the 22 side, projecting rods 35, 35 for locking one end of the biasing ammunition 34, 34 are integrally fixed, and the other ends of the coil ammunition 34, 34 are engaged with the inclined frame 24. The driven rollers 22 and 22 to the driving rollers 21 and 21.
Onion 17 sandwiched between the conveyor belts 24, 24 leading to
Support frames 20, 20 according to the size of the bulb 17a of the
Is designed to oscillate in a horizontal direction,
The conveyor belt mechanisms 18, 18 of
Each of them operates independently.

On the other hand, the root cutting units 10 and 10 are
As shown in FIG. 4, housings 3 each formed in a hollow box shape
Rotating shafts 37, 37 are vertically provided in the casings 36, 36 so as to penetrate the upper surfaces of the casings 36, 36, and driven pulleys 38a, 38b for winding the transmission belts 15, 15 are coaxial with the rotating shafts 37, 37. And the rotary shaft 3 in the housings 36, 36
At the lower end of 7, 37, disk-shaped root cutting cutters 39, 3
9 is horizontally supported. In addition, a pair of rotating brushes 40, 40, which stand up the narrow root portion 17c of the bulb 17a, are axially supported in a superposed manner with a predetermined interval facing the cutting position on the peripheral surface of the root cutting cutters 39, 39. The rotational driving force of the rotating shafts 37, 37 transmitted to the bevel gear case 42 via the input pulleys 41a, 41b and the input belt 41c is generated by the transmission belt 44a wound between the output pulley 43 and the transmission pulley 44. , The rotating brush 40, 4
Drive pulleys 46a, 46 of the support shafts 45, 45 for supporting 0
b, and the rotating brushes 40, 40 are mutually rotated in the clockwise direction and the counterclockwise direction so that the narrow root portion 17c of the onion 17 stands up from below in the overlapping region. .

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the casings 36, 36 are vertically mounted on the ends of swing links 47a, 47b, which are provided on the upper portion of the frame 8b with the pivoting base end side thereof, and are vertically moved. The root cutting unit 10, which is supported freely,
From the rear surface of the first and second conveyor belt mechanisms 18,
Rod sensors 48, 48 for sensing the height of the bulb 17a are provided to project toward the carry-in start end side of 19, and the base ends of the rod sensors 48, 48 and the lower surface cover portions 36a of the casings 36, 36 are provided. , 36a between the edges of the root cutting cutter 3
A gap a is formed so as to face the cutting positions of 9 and 39, and when the root cutting units 10 and 10 are moved up and down in association with the vertical swing detection of the rod sensors 48 and 48, the root cutting cutter 39 and The cutting position of 39 is automatically changed, and the gap a
It is configured to guide and guide the narrow root portion 17c of the onion 17.

Reference numerals 49 and 49 are coil bullets mounted between the upper end of the frame 8b and the lower swing link 47b.
The upward movement bias of 7b cancels the weight drop of the root cutting units 10 and 10 and improves the vertical swing sensitivity of the root cutting units 10 and 10. 50 and 50 are upper and lower belts 27,
27 is a supply table that covers the upper surfaces of the upper driven pulleys 26a, 26a around which 27 is wound.
0 is divided into two parts by notching the conveyance area between the upper and lower sub belts 27 and 28 which face each other, and the onion 17 which is carried in in an inverted state is placed on the upper surface between the supply tables 50, 50 and the bulb 17a. To regulate the transport position of
It can be moved up and down by adjusting the stoppers 51, 51.

In the above construction, when the onion 17 is harvested while the machine body 1 is traveling in the field, first, the worker B seated on the work seat 6 moves to the field scene as the machine body 1 advances. The picked-up onions 17, 17 ... are picked up, and then the onions 17 are placed in an inverted state in which the fine stem portion 17b is hung downward, and the onions 17 are fed into each of the carry-in paths 9, 9 of the supply table 5.
It may be sequentially mounted on 0 and 50 respectively.

At this time, the placed onion 17 is conveyed with the thin stem portion 17b being sandwiched between the upper and lower auxiliary belts 27, 27 and the lower auxiliary belts 28, 28, respectively, of the preceding second conveyor belt mechanism 19. Is started, and immediately thereafter, the bulb 17a becomes the first
It is sandwiched between the conveyor belts 23 of the conveyor belt mechanism 18 and is conveyed integrally toward the front part of the machine body 1.

The onion 17 is attached to the lower edge of the rod sensor 48.
When the apex of the rod abuts, the rod sensor 48 moves up and down according to the height of the bulb 17a, and accordingly, the entire root cutting unit 10 moves up and down via the swing links 47a and 47b. When the bulb 17a reaches the rotation range of the rotating brushes 40, 40, that is, the gap a, the rotation of the rotating brushes 40, 40 causes the fine root portion 17c at the gap a to stand up from below to rise. Fine root part 17
Reference numeral c denotes a rotating root cutting cutter 39, which cuts a predetermined length from the top of the bulb 17a regardless of the height of the bulb 17a.

Next, each of the above-mentioned conveyor belt mechanisms 18, 19
As the sandwiching and conveying of the onion 17 by the further progresses, the interval between the upper and lower subsidiary belts 27 and 28 of the second conveyor belt mechanism 19 gradually widens, and the thin stem portion 17b sandwiched between the upper and lower subsidiary belts 27 and 28 is formed. Is increased, and in this state, the fine stem portion 17b is cut by the stem cutting cutters 29, 29. Here, the cut thin stem portion 17b is used as the carry-in path 9,
It drops on the discharge conveyor mechanism 9b provided below 9 and is discharged outside the machine.

Thereafter, the bulb 17a shaped by cutting both the fine stem portion 17b and the fine root portion 17c as described above is
It is continuously discharged to the outside of the machine through the shooter 9a provided on the carrying end side of the carry-in paths 9, 9. Therefore,
From the harvesting of the removed onions 17 to the shaping thereof can be collectively performed on the machine body 1 traveling as a series of operations, and the improvement of workability and the improvement of product quality can be achieved at the same time.

[0019]

In summary, according to the present invention, there is provided a first conveyor belt mechanism for sandwiching and transporting an inverted onion bulb, and a first conveyor belt mechanism for sandwiching and transporting an onion thin stem portion at a position below the first conveyor belt mechanism. An onion harvesting device, wherein the second conveyor belt mechanism is arranged from the rear part to the front part of the traveling machine body and is configured to convey while cutting the fine stem part and the fine root part of the bulb. 1. A root cutting unit that horizontally stores a root cutting cutter is arranged above the conveyor belt mechanism of No. 1, and the height of the bulbs from the rear surface of the root cutting unit toward the carry-in side of each conveyor belt mechanism. And a rod sensor for detecting the movement of the root cutting unit, and the root cutting unit is movable up and down through the rocking support means, and the cutting position of the root cutting cutter is automatically changed in association with the vertical rocking detection of the rod sensor. Because it was structured like Regardless of the height, the fine root can be cut from the top of the bulb with a predetermined length, and the cutting work can be efficiently performed with uniform quality without variation. Also, facing the cutting position of the root cutting cutter, a pair of rotating brushes standing upright on the roots of the bulbs were placed opposite to each other in a superposed manner. It is possible to easily and surely hold a certain thin root portion in a uniform standing posture, and to reliably cut the thin root portion. Therefore, from the onion harvesting to its shaping, it can be done collectively on the machine that travels as a series of work, while promoting labor saving and improving workability and product quality at the same time. be able to. And so on, which are extremely useful new effects.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged side view of a main part.

FIG. 3 is an operation explanatory view showing a transmission state from the engine to each part.

FIG. 4A is an operation explanatory view showing the operation of the first and second conveyor belt mechanisms and the root cutting unit. (B)
FIG. 3 is a side view of the main part of the same.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of a main part of a supply table.

FIG. 6A is a plan view of a first conveyor belt mechanism. (B) is a front view same as the above. (C) is a side view same as the above.

FIG. 7 is a partially omitted plan view showing the arrangement of a shooter and a discharge conveyor mechanism.

FIG. 8 is a partially omitted side view of the same as above.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Aircraft 7 Harvesting device 9 Carry-in route 10 Root cutting unit 17 Onions 17a Bulbs 17b Fine stems 17c Fine roots 18 First conveying belt mechanism 19 Second conveying belt mechanism 27 Upper sub belt 28 Lower sub belt 39 Root cutting cutter 40 Rotating brush 48 rod sensor

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A first conveyor belt mechanism for sandwiching and transporting an inverted onion bulb, and a second conveyor belt mechanism for sandwiching and transporting an onion thin stem portion at a position below the first conveyor belt mechanism. An onion harvesting device, which is arranged from a rear part to a front part of a traveling machine body and is configured to be conveyed while cutting a fine stem portion and a fine root portion of a bulb, and above the first conveyor belt mechanism. A root cutting unit that houses a root cutting cutter in a horizontal direction is provided in the root cutting unit, and a rod sensor that senses the height of the bulb is projected from the rear surface of the root cutting unit toward the loading side of each conveyor belt mechanism. In addition to the above, the root cutting unit is configured to be movable up and down via a rocking support means, and is configured to automatically change the cutting position of the root cutting cutter in association with vertical rocking detection of a rod sensor. Onion harvesting device. 2. A first conveyor belt mechanism for sandwiching and transporting an inverted onion bulb, and a second conveyor belt mechanism for sandwiching and transporting an onion thin stem portion at a position below the first conveyor belt mechanism. An onion harvesting device, which is arranged from a rear part to a front part of a traveling machine body and is configured to be conveyed while cutting a fine stem portion and a fine root portion of a bulb, and which is for carrying in the first conveyor belt mechanism. A root cutting unit, which houses the root cutting cutter horizontally, is arranged on the starting end side, and a pair of rotating brushes that stand up the fine root portion of the bulb are superposed, facing the cutting position of the root cutting cutter. An onion harvesting device characterized by being placed opposite.