JPH08252005A - Seedling transplant device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] A seedling of a cultivated crop and a seed of a plant whose plant height is higher than that of the cultivated crop are sown in the same cell to raise a cell seedling, which is extracted from the cell. A device for planting in a field is provided. [Structure] The structure of a seedling transplanting device provided with a seedling taking-out portion for taking out a seedbed from a cell by grasping a leaf stem of a plant having a high plant height.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a seedling transplanting device suitable for planting seedlings of vegetables, flowers and the like in a field with roots and leaves not fully extended.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, to grow cell-grown seedlings of cells such as vegetables and flowers by using a seedling-growing tray, conventionally, each cell is packed with a floor material, and then only the seeds of the crop to be cultivated are sown in each cell, and The method of covering soil and raising seedlings is adopted.

[0003]

In the conventional seedling raising method described above, as the floor material to be packed in each cell of the seedling raising tray, a material other than soil such as peat moss or vermiculite is used. This is to prevent the floor material from sticking to the cells when the seedlings are taken out of the cell after raising the seedlings, and to prevent the floor material from being so heavy that the picked-up seedlings are torn. However, since these floor materials that are not soil tend to fall apart, in order to pull out the seedlings together with the floor material from the cell, it is necessary to grow the roots to a certain extent and to grow the seedlings to a state in which a root pot is formed to some extent. It was

For example, in the case of vegetables such as lettuce, when the number of days for raising seedlings is about one week, the cotyledons appear and the roots are 2-4.
It is in a state in which it has grown only about cm and the root pot is not formed. Hereinafter, the seedlings in such a state are called seedlings. It is difficult to extract the cell-grown seedlings in this seedling state from the cell. Because when you try to pick up the seedlings and pull them up, the seedlings will be torn off, and even if you push the extrusion stick through the hole at the bottom of the cell, the extrusion stick only sticks into the floor material and the entire floor material does not push out from the cell, and the chopstick-shaped member This is because the floor material is smashed into pieces by piercing the floor material from above. Therefore, as described above, it was necessary to grow seedlings to a state where the root pot was formed to some extent.

However, if the roots grow too much to wind around the outer surface of the flooring material and the root pot formation proceeds too much, the roots will not easily project toward the outside soil even after transplanting, and the seedlings will be planted in the field. There is a problem that it will not survive and die if the environmental conditions immediately after transplantation are bad. That point,
Planting seedlings in a seedling state is preferable because the roots grow smoothly toward the outside soil.

[0006] Further, when transplanted and cultivated in a field in the summer when the sunlight is strong, there is a problem in that if the leaf surface of the transplanted seedling evaporates too much water, the seedlings do not survive and die. However, if transplanted in the state of young seedlings with freshly emerged cotyledons, the amount of water evaporation from the leaf surface is small due to the small size of the transplanted seedling leaves, and the seedlings can be firmly established in the field.

Further, by raising and transplanting seedlings to a state where the root pots are formed to some extent, the seedling raising work is prolonged,
There is also a problem that the work amount for raising seedlings is increased, the period during which seedlings can be transplanted is shortened, and there is a greater possibility that the optimal transplanting period will be missed due to weather conditions.

For the above reasons, in cell seedlings raised using a seedling raising tray, there is a great demand for enabling the seedlings to be transplanted by extracting the seedlings from the cells together with the floor material in the state of seedlings. It is an object of the present invention to provide a seedling transplanting device that

[0009]

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has the following constitution. That is, the seedling transplanting device according to the present invention is a seedling transplanting device for cell seedlings cultivated by sowing seeds of a cultivated crop and seeds of a plant having a plant height higher than the plant height of the cultivated crop in the same cell. It is characterized in that it is provided with a seedling take-out portion for taking out a seedling from the cell by grasping the leaf stem portion of the plant having a high plant height.

[0010]

[Function] Since the plant can be planted in the field without damaging the crop to be cultivated, since the leaf stem of the plant having a high plant height is grasped and the seedbed of the cell seedling is pulled out from the cell. Plants with fast leaf growth also have fast root growth, so even when the roots of the cultivated crop do not extend to the outer periphery of the nursery, the roots of the plants with high plant height are sufficiently extended to form a root pot. It is in a state. Therefore, the seedbed does not collapse when it is pulled out from the cell.

[0011]

EXAMPLES First, an example of a seedling raising tray used for raising seedlings will be described. As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the seedling-growing tray 1 has a plurality of cells 2 arranged in the front-rear direction, the openings 2a of the cells 2 are connected, and the bottoms 2b of the cells 2 are independent. It is molded from a thin plate of flexible synthetic resin such as polyethylene. The outer peripheral edge of the seedling raising tray 1 is rectangular in plan view, and the size thereof is, for example, 300 mm in length and 600 mm in width.
So, it is a size that can fit exactly one in a general nursery box for raising rice seedlings. Each cell 2 of nursery tray 1 ...
Has a circular shape in plan view of the openings 2a ... And the bottoms 2b.
The side view is a trapezoid whose lower side is shorter than its upper side. Round holes 2c are provided in the bottom portions 2b. Note that the above configuration is merely an example, and a commonly used seedling raising tray may be used.

In order to raise seedlings using the seedling raising tray 1, first, each cell 2 is filled with a floor material 3 in which peat moss, vermiculite or the like is mixed. Next, the seeds 4 of the crop A to be cultivated, such as vegetables and flowers, are sown in each cell 2 and seeded for the same number of days, and the seeds of the plant B having a plant height H2 higher than the plant height H1 of the plant A to be cultivated are obtained. 5 is seeded in each cell 2. Then, soil is covered with the floor material 3. After sowing as described above, under appropriate temperature control, irrigation is performed as needed at appropriate times to raise seedlings (FIG. 14). Then, the seedling n of the crop A and the seedling n ′ of the plant B grow together in the same cell 2 (FIG. 15). Within the floor material 3, both the roots of the crop A and the roots of the plant B grow, and on the floor material 3, the leaf stems of the crop A and the plant B grow together. The plant height H2 of the seedling n ′ of the plant B is higher than the plant height H1 of the seedling n of the crop A. In this way, the cell seedlings N ... are raised.

As the above-mentioned plant B, monocotyledonous plants, for example, plants of the family Gramineae such as rice, wheat and corn are preferable because the plant height of the seedlings is high and the rooting is fast and strong against vegetables and flowers. is there. Further, since the plant B has a relatively high strength of the seedlings, it is convenient that the plant B is not easily torn when the plant B is grasped and pulled out when the seedling is taken out from the cell. In addition, seedlings such as vegetables and flowers spread their leaves in the plane direction (the growth in the plane direction is large compared to the growth in the vertical direction), but the above-mentioned plants of the family Gramineae do not spread much to the left and right but rise upward. As it grows high, it vents the crop A to be cultivated,
Does not interfere with lighting. It is preferable to sow this plant B at the same time as the crop A in terms of work efficiency, but in some cases they may be sowed separately. However, when planting plant B at a later date, select a plant that is taller than crop A at the time of transplantation.

Also, the seeds 4 of the crop A and the plants B
When sowing the seeds 5 of each of the cells 2 in each cell 2, when seeds 5 of the plant B are sowed on both left and right sides of the seeds 4 of the crop A in each cell 2, the seedlings are raised as shown in FIG. The cell seedling N'is in a state in which the plant A to be cultivated is sandwiched by the plants B and B having a high plant height from the left and right sides. As a result, the left and right sides of the cultivated crop A are in a state of being guarded by the plants B and B, and the guarding property with respect to the crop A is enhanced as compared with the case where only one seed 5 of the plant B is sown. When transplanted, it is less susceptible to damage when the cell seedlings are mechanically removed or transported. It also prevents damage during transportation of seedlings. Moreover, even if the cultivated crop A is a crop that has a weak stem portion and tends to stick to the ground, the plants B and B serve as a support for the crop A and prevent the fluctuation of the crop A from occurring. Prevents damage. In this case, since the number of seeds of the plant B is larger than the number of seeds of the crop A in each cell, the rooting is naturally further strengthened and the seedlings are extracted well from the cells. Also, the crop A is not limited to two locations on the left and right sides.
You may sow and raise seedlings so that the plant B may grow in three or more places around.

It is suitable to cultivate a crop using the cell-molded seedlings after autumn. At this time, after transplanting the cell molding seedlings to the field, the plant B did not grow so much and the plant A
This does not hinder the growth of the.

As described above, in this seedling raising method, seeds of a cultivated crop and seeds of a plant having a height higher than that of the cultivated crop are sown in the same cell to raise seedlings. The roots of the cultivated crop and the roots of the plant having a high plant height grow in the floor material, and the floor material retaining action of the root is significantly improved as compared with the case where only the roots of the cultivated crop are used. Then, when the crop to be cultivated is taken up and pulled up, the seedlings can be pulled out from the cell together with the floor material. The extracted seedlings are transplanted and cultivated in the field. It should be noted that there is no problem even if the seedlings are raised to the same state as the conventional one.

Therefore, according to this seedling raising method, the cell-shaped seedlings in the seedling state can be extracted from the cells and transplanted to the field without damaging the crop to be cultivated. As a result, even if the seedlings are transplanted to the field in the summer when the sunlight is strong, the seedlings can be surely made to live in the field and a stable harvest can be obtained. In addition, since it becomes possible to transplant seedlings, it is possible to shorten the seedling raising work and prolong the transplantable period of seedlings, reduce the work of seedling management, and disperse the transplanting work in time. It is possible to expand the management scale.

An embodiment of a seedling transplanting device for transplanting a cell seedling in a seedling state, which is raised by this seedling raising method, to a field will be described below.

As shown in FIG. 1, the seedling transplanting device 10 is mounted on a machine body that runs across ridges. In the figure, 11 is a pair of left and right front wheels, 12 is a pair of left and right rear wheels, 13 is an engine, 14 is a main mission case, 15 is a planting section mission case, 16 is a steering handle, and 17 is a spare seedling stand. .

Seedling transplanting apparatus 10 (1) shown in FIGS.
Is a seedling supply unit 20 that places cell seedlings together with the seedling raising tray 1 and supplies the cell seedlings N in each cell 2 to the seedling extraction position P1 one by one.
And the cell seedling N supplied to the seedling take-out position P1
The seedling take-out section 40 taken out from the cell 2 and the seedling planting section 60 for planting the cell seedling N taken out from the cell 2 in the field.

The seedling supplying section 20 is a seedling supplying section frame 21.
A pair of left and right chains 29, 29 are mounted on the sprockets 26, 26, 27, 27 mounted on the drive shaft 23 and the driven shaft 24 supported by the shaft 21, and the transport pins 30 are arranged in parallel between the chains 29, 29. By moving the chains 29, 29 while the carrier pins 30 are fitted from the bottom side between the cells 2 arranged side by side on the nursery tray 1, which are arranged side by side, the nursery tray 1 is expanded. It is designed to be transported. Further, the seedling feeding frame 21 is supported so as to be movable left and right, and when the lead cam 33 engaged with the lead claw 32 provided on the seedling feeding frame side is rotated, the whole seedling feeding portion reciprocates left and right. It is designed to move. When the seedling feeding section 20 moves to the end of the left and right stroke, the seedling feeding cam 35 engages with the seedling feeding arm 36 and the drive shaft 23.
Is rotated by a certain amount, and the seedling-growing tray 1 is conveyed to the front side by one cell. In addition, G1 and G2 are drive shaft 23 and seedling feeding
It is a transmission gear attached to the shaft 36a.

The seedling take-out section 40 is provided with a pair of holding bodies 41, 41 for holding the leaf stem portion of the plant B of the cell seedling.
The tips of the holding bodies 41, 41 are flat plate-shaped holding portions 41a, 4a.
1a, and cushion rubbers 42, 42 are attached to the inner surface of the holding portion. This holding body 41.4
1 is a piston rod 4 of the forward / backward electric cylinder 44
A cylindrical body 48, which is rotatably attached to a pin 45 provided at the tip of the piston 4a, and is non-rotatably and slidably fitted to the outer peripheral portion of the piston rod 44a via a key 46, is operated by a solenoid 49. The holding bodies 41, 41 are closed when moved to the tip side of the rod, and the holding bodies 41, 41 are opened by the action of the spring 50 when the tubular body 48 is moved to the base side of the piston rod.

Further, the support body 52 for supporting the forward / backward electric cylinder 44 is rotatable around the support shaft 53, and the holding cylinders 14 and 14 are brought into a horizontal posture by expanding / contracting the vertically rotating electric cylinder 54. The cell-molded seedling received from the seedling supply unit 20 is rotated downward to be conveyed downward.

In the seedling planting section 60, hollow tubes 65 are attached to the tips of upper and lower planting links 62, 62 rotatably provided around fulcrum pins 61, 61 with pins 64, 64, and the hollow tubes Beak-shaped planting claws 67, 67 on both front and rear sides of 65
Are connected and supported by opening / closing links 68, 68. And
The first crank 71 and the second crank 72 are integrally attached to the drive shaft 70, and the tip portion of the first crank 71 and the intermediate portion of the upper planting link 62 are connected via a connecting rod 74. Both planting claws 67, 67 are suspended by suspending links 78, 78 in which a pin 77 is loosely fitted in an elongated hole 75a of an opening / closing rod 75 rotatably connected to the tip end of.

By rotating the first crank 71,
The planting links 62, 62 swing to vertically move the planting claws 67, 67 between the seedling receiving position P2 and the seedling transplanting position P3. Also, in synchronization with this, when the second crank 72 rotates and the planting claws 67, 67 are in the seedling transplanting position, the suspension link 78,
Since the planting claws 67, 67 are lifted by 78, the lower end side thereof is opened, and when the planting claws 67, 67 are higher than the seedling transplanting position P3, the lifting force by the suspension links 78, 78 does not act, so that the planting claws 67, 67 are planted. Claws 67 and 67 are springs 7.
It is designed to close with the power of 9.

The seedling raising tray 1 is provided with the seedling feeding section 20 in a state where the transport pins 30 are fitted in the groove portions between the cells arranged side by side.
And set the machine to run, the seedling transplanter 10
(1) performs the following operation to plant the cell-formed seedlings N ... of the seedling raising tray 1 in the ridges in the field.

The seedling supplying section 20 reciprocates left and right, and cell seedling N
Are sequentially supplied to the seedling take-out position P1. When the seedlings are supplied to the seedling taking-out position, the sandwiching body 41 of the seedling taking-out section 40 in the horizontal posture is provided.
・ 41 moves forward to the seedling supply section side in an open state, and the nipping bodies 41, 41 close there to nipping the leaf stems of the plant B of the cell seedling N housed in the cell 2 at the seedling take-out position, Further, the sandwiching bodies 41, 41 are retracted while sandwiching the leaf stem portion of the plant B, and the cell seedling N is extracted from the cell 2. Next, the sandwiching bodies 41, 41 holding the cell seedlings rotate downward, the sandwiching bodies 41, 41 are opened in a vertical posture, and the cell seedlings held are waiting at the seedling receiving position P2. It is dropped into the hollow cylinder 65 of 60. The cell seedling is in a closed state.
It is held at 7.67. After that, the sandwiching bodies 41, 41 return to the horizontal posture. Then, the hollow cylinder 65 and the planting claw 67.6
7 moves to the seedling transplanting position P3, where there are planting nails 67.6
7 is opened, and the seedling is released into the hole H for transplant formed in the ridge surface by the plunging of the planting claw 67. After releasing the seedlings, the planting claws 67 move upward and return to the seedling receiving position P2. When the above operation is repeated and all the seedlings for one row of the seedling raising tray 1 are planted, the chains 29, 29 move and the seedling raising tray 1 is moved.
Is transferred to the front side by one cell and the seedlings in the next row are planted.

The seedling transplanting apparatus 10 (1) is constructed such that cell seedlings are taken out one by one from each cell 2 of the seedling raising tray 1. Next, a seedling transplanting device configured to simultaneously take out cell seedlings from one horizontal row of cells 2 on the seedling raising tray 1 will be described.

Seedling transplantation device 10 (2) shown in FIGS.
The seedling supply section 20 'of the sprocket 26', 26 ', 27, 27 attached to the drive shaft 23 and the driven shaft 24.
A pair of right and left chains 29 ', 29' are mounted on the left and right sides of the chain, and transport pins 30 '...
Are arranged in parallel, and the chains 29 'and 29' support the seedling raising tray 1 from the back side, and between the cells 2 of the seedling raising tray 1 ...
Drive side sprocket 26 '・ with 0' ...
By rotating 26 ', the seedling-growing tray 1 is intermittently conveyed to the front side by one cell. The transport pins 30 '... Are loosely fitted in the elongated holes 70 in the circumferential direction of the sprocket 26', and the cam 71 causes the transport pins 30 'to rotate in the direction of rotation of the elongated holes 70 in the vicinity of the seedling take-out position P1. Pushed to the rear side, and thus nursery tray 1
Is bent in a mountain shape in a side view. Therefore, a wide space S is formed between the seedlings located with the bent portion sandwiched therebetween, and the seedlings can be reliably taken out by the seedling taking-out section 40 'described later. The seedling supply section 20 'does not reciprocate left and right.

The seedling take-out section 40 'is provided with a pair of upper and lower sandwiching belts 73, 73 having a width capable of sandwiching one horizontal row of cell seedlings of the seedling raising tray 1, and the sandwiching belts 73, 73 are moved forward and backward by an electric cylinder 74. The electric cylinder 75 opens and closes the gap between the two holding belts 73, 73. The holding belts 73, 73 are the electric motor 7
Driven by 6.76, the seedlings are transported in a certain direction, and at the end of the transport, the seedlings are dropped one by one downward.

Below the holding belts 73, 73 is provided a seedling supply disk 78 for supplying seedlings dropped from the conveying end of the holding belts to the seedling planting section 60. In this seedling supply disk 78, seedling cups 80 are arranged on the circumference centering on the rotation center shaft 79, and the sandwiching belt 73.
In synchronism with the movement of 73, it rotates in a fixed direction around the rotation center axis 79. Note that the seedling cups 80 ... Are opened vertically and their bottoms are closed by a shutter plate 82 fixedly provided below the seedling cups 80. Then, a replenishment hole 83 is formed at an appropriate position of the shutter plate 82 which is directly above the seedling receiving position P2 of the seedling planting section 20. The seedling planting section 20 has the same structure as that of the seedling transplanting device 10.

The seedling raising tray 1 is supported by the chains 29 'and 29' from the back side, and the carrier pins 30 'are fitted between the cells 2 from the bottom side between the cells 2 ... When set to 20 'and run the machine, the seedling transplanting device 10 (2) performs the following operations to plant the cell seedlings of the seedling raising tray 1 in the ridges of the field.

When the cell seedlings for one horizontal row of the seedling raising tray 1 are supplied to the seedling take-out position P1 by the seedling supplying section 20 ', the sandwiching belts 73, 73 are moved to the seedling supplying section side in an open state, and sandwiched there. The cells B of the cell seedlings housed in the cells 2 in a horizontal row at the seedling take-out position with the belts 73, 73 closed sandwich the leaf stems of the plants, and further sandwich the plant B ... with the leaf stems sandwiched. The belts 73, 73 are retracted and the cell seedlings are taken out from the cell 2. Then, the sandwiching belts 73, 73 start moving while sandwiching the cell seedlings, and the cell seedlings falling from the transport end portion are sequentially stored in the seedling cups 80 of the seedling supply disk 78. When the seedling cup 80 containing the cell seedlings comes to the supply hole 83, the cell seedlings are placed at the seedling receiving position P2.
It is dropped into the hollow cylinder 65 of the seedling planting section 60 waiting at. The seedling planting unit 60 operates in the same manner as in the case of the seedling transplanting device 10 (1) to plant the received cell seedlings in the field.

As shown in Examples 20 (1) and 20 (2) above, the seedling transplanting device of the present invention grasps the leaf stem of the plant B by the sandwiching bodies 41, 41 or the sandwiching belts 73, 73. By pulling, the seedbed is pulled out from the cell 2. Further, as in the seedling transplanting device 20 (3) shown in FIG. 10, the round hole 2 formed in the bottom of the cell 2 is synchronized with the operation of grasping and pulling the leaf stem of the plant B.
When the extruding rod 85 is inserted into the cell from c and the seedbed is pushed out, the cell seedling is taken out more effectively. Reference numeral 86 in FIG. 10 denotes an extruding cam that causes the extruding rod 85 to project, and rotates in synchronization with the seedling feeding operation of the seedling feeding section 40.

The seedling transplanting device 20 (4) shown in FIG.
As described above, instead of grasping and pulling the leaf stem of the plant B, the seedling tray 1 is bent in the opposite direction while the leaf stem of the plant B is grasped and fixed, and the seedbed is pulled out from the cell 2. It may be configured. Reference numeral 88 in FIG. 11 is an arm for bending the seedling raising tray 1, which swings in synchronization with the seedling feeding operation of the seedling feeding section 40.

[0036]

As described above, the seedling transplanting device according to the present invention sows the seeds of the plant to be cultivated and the seeds of the plant having a plant height higher than the plant height of the plant to be cultivated in the same cell. A seedling transplanting device for cell seedlings raised by raising the seedlings from the cell by grasping the leaves of the plant with high plant height, so that the seedlings to be cultivated can be transplanted in the field in the form of seedlings without being damaged. The later seedlings grew firmly in the field and grew well.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a seedling transplanter.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing a configuration of a first example of a seedling transplanting device.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a seedling supply unit.

FIG. 4 is a plan view (a) and a side view (b) of a holding body.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing a configuration of a second example of the seedling transplanting device.

FIG. 6 is a side view of a main part of a seedling supply section.

7 (a) is a plan view and FIG. 7 (b) is a side view of a seedling take-out portion.

8 (a) is a plan view and FIG. 8 (b) is a side view of a seedling take-out portion.

FIG. 9 is (a) a side view and (b) a rear view of a seedling take-out portion.

FIG. 10 is a side view of a main part of a third example of the seedling transplanting device.

FIG. 11 is a side view of a main part of a fourth example of the seedling transplanting device.

FIG. 12 is a plan view showing a seedling raising tray, and FIG.
It is a front view.

FIG. 13 is a plan view (a) showing a cell of a seedling raising tray and a side rear view (b).

FIG. 14 is a side cross-sectional view showing a state of seeding cells.

FIG. 15 is a side sectional view showing a state of raising seedlings in a cell.

FIG. 16 is a side sectional view showing a state of raising seedlings under different seeding conditions.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A Crops to be cultivated B Plants that are taller than the crops to be cultivated 1 Seedling raising tray 2 Cell 10 Seedling transplanting device 20 Seedling supply section 40 Seedling removal section 60 Seedling planting section

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Hidehiro Okada, No. 1 Hachikura, Tobe-cho, Iyo-gun, Ehime Prefecture, Technical Department, Iseki Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. (72) Norihiro Yano No. 1 Yakura, Tobe-cho, Iyo-gun, Ehime Prefecture In-house (72) Inventor Masahiro Takemoto 1 Yakura, Tobe-cho, Iyo-gun, Ehime Iseki Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kaju Ishiyama 1 Yakura, Toyo-cho, Iyo-gun, Ehime Iseki Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kubo Tamaki No. 1 Yakura, Tobe-cho, Iyo-gun, Ehime Pref.Iseki Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Masami Murami, No. 1 Yakura, Tobe-cho, Iyo-gun, Ehime Pref.Iseki Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hiroshi Suzuki 1 Yakura, Tobe Town, Gunma Iseki Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A seedling transplanting device for cell seedlings, wherein seeds of a plant to be cultivated and seeds of a plant having a plant height higher than that of the plant to be cultivated are sown in the same cell to raise seedlings. A seedling transplanting device comprising a seedling take-out portion for taking out a seedling from a cell by grabbing a leaf stem of a highly expensive plant.