JPH0827036A - Liquid solvent composition - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a solvent composition capable of reducing danger of fire, etc., and useful for homes and industrial fields such as publics by combining perfluoropolyether which is incombustible, but does not dissolve other substance with an organic solvent which has ability dissolving other substance, but is combustible. CONSTITUTION:This liquid solvent composition is obtained by uniformly mutually dissolving (A) 4-96wt.% of perfluoropolyether and (B) 4-96wt.% of (i) aliphatic hydrocarbons having 44-129 molecular weight and/or (ii) ethers having 46-242 molecular weight. Furthermore, when the component (i) has a molecular weight of propane, butane, etc., the component (A) are uniformly mixed with the component (i), but when the component (i) is >=5C hydrocarbon, these components are difficult to uniformly mix, with the proviso that when the hydrocarbon is a side chain type and unsaturated type hydrocarbon, miscibility is increased. When the component (ii) is <=3C alkyl binding to O, the component (A) can be uniformly mixed with the component (ii). An aerosol product can be obtained by using the component (i) and/or the component (ii) having -49 to +20 deg.C boiling point as a spraying agent.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a solvent composition, which is a non-combustible perfluoropolyether and an organic solvent which has not been conventionally miscible, and which can be uniformly mixed. Since the risk of fire disaster is reduced, its application range is extremely wide in household, industrial, and public industrial fields.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a low-flammability solvent has been achieved by using a chlorine-containing organic solvent and a fluorocarbon solvent. As for the aerosol, the non-flammability using the CFC propellant was common. However, due to global environmental problems such as ozone depletion, some of the CFCs and chlorine-containing solvents are subject to regulation, and in addition to carcinogenic substances and VOCs (volatile organic compounds), most of them are used. It is in a situation where it cannot be done. That is, at the 4th International Conference on Montreal, trichloroethane and CFC were frozen in 1996, and some HCFCs were gradually reduced, and by 2030 it was decided to abolish them.

Even if these circumstances are natural from an environmental point of view, if alternative solvents are sought, flammable solvents have to be adopted, so that the danger of flames is inevitable and a safety problem arises. In some cases, there is an urgent need for the development of alternative low-flammability solvents.

[0004]

In developing a low flammability solvent, when a liquid compound having low flammability is searched for, perfluoropolyether (hereinafter also referred to as PFPE) is most promising. According to the experimental data of the present inventor, the body itself has no flammability and has a great ability to prevent the burning of other substances. However, the disadvantages of PFPE are, according to self-known documents, a) that it is completely insoluble in organic solvents, fats and oils, except for freon-based solvents, and b) that it does not dissolve the active ingredient for its intended purpose. C) Too much specific gravity, d) Economically high prices, etc. ”

For example, when it is attempted to suppress the flammability of a low-flammability paint by using PFPE as a solvent for this paint, PFPE does not dissolve the paint resin at all, and therefore other solvents are blended for correction. Even if you try, they will not be compatible and will separate. The means for dispersing in the form of fine colloid is also unsuitable because the difference in specific gravity is too large. It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks and to obtain a liquid solvent composition in which a non-flammable perfluoropolyether and an organic solvent are homogeneously compatible with each other and the risk of injury to fire is reduced.

[0006]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor searched for a solvent other than a CFC-based solvent that is uniformly compatible with PFPE and its range, and found that "PFPE
.About.96 wt% and 4 to 9 of aliphatic hydrocarbons having a molecular weight of 44 to 129 and / or ethers having a molecular weight of 46 to 242.
The object was achieved by setting the composition range of 6 wt%. This composition can be used as a detergent / solvent / solvent for chemical reaction, and can dissolve or disperse a desired active ingredient to prepare a paint, dye, coating agent, brightening agent, lubricant, rust preventive agent. , Adhesives, cleaning agents, abrasives, waterproofing agents, flaw detection agents, mold release agents, antistatic agents, insecticides, bactericides, cosmetics or human products, among which aerosol products can be manufactured. Also includes.

First, by mixing various solvents into PFPE,
The results of examining whether they are compatible with each other are shown in Table 1. From these results, it can be seen that the aliphatic hydrocarbons and ethers are uniformly mixed. This experiment was a result of mixing PFPE and another solvent in a ratio of 1: 1. As a result of detailed examination of the above-mentioned two categorized compound systems, it was as shown in Table 2.

Looking at the results in Tables 1 and 2, it can be seen that the conventional PFP
E was said to be "it is difficult to mix with any solvent and the maximum is 4% with hydrocarbons", but the present inventor overturned this established theory, and aliphatic hydrocarbons having a molecular weight of 44 to 129 and molecular weights of 46 to It was found that only the 242 ethers were compatible with PFPE.

Aliphatic hydrocarbons having a molecular weight of 44 to 129: For low molecular weight substances such as propane and butane, they are uniformly mixed in the entire mixing ratio region, but when C ₅ or more, they are proportional to the increase in molecular weight. As a result, the range of uniform mixing becomes narrow, and it is recognized that C ₁₀ or more is practically unreasonable. However, the miscibility of the side chain type increases remarkably, and the miscibility of the unsaturated type also increases. The cyclo type has poor miscibility but can be used. Further, industrially, mixtures of these, such as petroleum ether, ligroin, decomposed naphtha, etc., can also be used.

Ether having a molecular weight of 46 to 242: alkyl groups bonded to O, R ₁ and R ₂ , up to C ₃ are uniformly mixed in the entire mixing ratio region. The mixing range becomes narrower as the molecular weight increases, and it is not practical for C ₉ or more. Similar to hydrocarbons, the side-chain type and unsaturated type greatly increase the miscibility.

In the application of the present invention, one kind or a combination of two or more kinds selected from and / or is selected. Here, propane, butane, dimethyl ether, and the like are gas bodies at room temperature and are liquefied gases under pressure, so they are also used as an aerosol propellant, but they act as a solvent in a closed container.

[0012]

[Table 1]

[0013]

[Table 2]

In the present invention, the perfluoropolyether (PFPE) is a fluorinated alkane polyether represented by the chemical formula [I], the physical properties of which differ depending on the polymerization numbers m and n, but both are colorless. It is a transparent liquid with high specific gravity and is chemically extremely stable. It is obtained by oxidative polymerization of propylene hexafluoride. Trade names and their manufacturers currently on the market: i) "Garden" Montecatini, ii) "Fonburi" Montefluos, iii) "Florinato" 3M, and their catalogs show average molecular weights of 380 to 1550. Boiling point 56-252
C, specific gravity 1.68 to 2.03, viscosity 0.4 to 73 cSt
In each of a wide range of brands, about 10 types of varieties are listed.

[0015]

Embedded image

Next, in the present invention, the molecular weight of 44 to
The 129 aliphatic hydrocarbons are generally as follows, but since there are many isomers and the like, they are treated as equivalents. There are also cases where these mixtures are sold as specific products by manufacturers.

I) saturated hydrocarbons: propane, butane, isobutane, pentane, isopentane, n-hexane, 2
-Methylpentane, 3-methylpentane, n-heptane, dimethylpentane, methylhexane, n-octane, trimethylpentane, dimethylheptane, ethylmethylpentane, etc.

Ii) Unsaturated hydrocarbons: isoprene, isobutylene, 2-methylpropene, butadiene, 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene, 1-pentene, cis-2-pentene, 2-methyl-1-butene, trans. -2-pentene, 2-butyne, cis-1,3-pentadiene,
Diisobutylene, isooctene, etc.

Iii) Cyclic hydrocarbons: cyclopentane, cyclohexane, cyclopentadiene, cyclopentene,
Methylcyclopentane, etc. iv) Mixed hydrocarbon products: benzine, gasoline, petroleum ether (ligroin), spray paint thinner, petroleum naphtha,
Hydrogenated naphtha, solvent naphtha, n-paraffin, Kyowasol C-600, etc.

Further, in the present invention, the molecular weight of 4
The ethers of 6 to 242 specifically mean that R is C _{1 to} C ₈
Is an ether group having an alkyl group of and is a compound as described below. Dimethyl ether, ethyl ether, isopropyl ether, ethyl butyl ether, butyl ether, tert-butyl ether, amyl ether, hexyl ether, isooctyl ether, eltivinyl ether, 2,2-dimethoxypropane, etc.

The above aliphatic hydrocarbons and ethers having a small molecular weight / side chain type are mixed solvents compatible with each other in the entire compounding region, but the range of the region decreases as the molecular weight increases. To do. When they are not compatible with each other, the solute is biased, the flammable solvent floats to the upper layer due to the difference in specific gravity, and the flame ignites. Therefore, it is necessary that both components be in a completely uniform phase. The range of its components varies depending on the individual substances of both components, and the limit varies depending on the degree of flammability required.
In the following, no remarkable modification of the properties of the solvent was observed.
Since this is true even for FPE, the composition range of each component constituting the liquid solvent composition of the present invention was set to 4 to 96 wt%.

[0022]

[Operation] The idea of non-flammable solvents is to combine them so that the vapors of the solvents are out of the combustion range.
PE depends on the degree of polymerization, but at 165 to 25 ° C
There is one of r, which acts to suppress the vapor pressure of the flammable solvent.

FIG. 1 shows PFPE <Fluorinert PC-7.
It is a graph of the result which calculated | required the flash point of each 2> and each mixing ratio of 2-methyl pentane or diisopropyl ether. All of these combustible organic solvents are Class I combustibles,
It can be made as a second class combustible substance (flash point -7.6 ° C or higher) by blending 10% or 20% of PFPE. If this is done, the effect that handling under the Fire Service Law will differ can be found.

Further, the solubility of other substances has respective properties of the mixed composition. Table 3 shows PFPE <Galden FTX>:
2-methylpentane or diisopropyl ether =
The 1: 1 mixed solvent is a collection of the results of measuring the dissolving power of other components. In this experiment, when the mixed solvent dissolves a large amount of other components, it may show a phenomenon of separating into two layers. In this case, the solubility until the two layers are not separated is described as S. Due to the fact that it dissolves other substances in this way, this mixed solvent finds application in various fields.

[0025]

[Table 3]

[0026]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Example 1 Formulation PFPE <Galden FTX> 40 wt% Diisobutylene 30 wt% Dibutyl ether 30 wt% Total 100 wt%

The mixture prepared as described above is a colorless, transparent, and uniformly compatible liquid, and has the following characteristics. Specific gravity 15/4 1.042 Flash point 22 ° C Viscosity cps 0.68 Latent heat of vaporization Cal / kg 47.2

This product has application as a cleaning liquid. For example, a brake cleaner is indispensable for periodical inspection of automobiles, but in the use experiment of this product, it was evaluated that contaminated oil and dust asbestos were washed off well, and that it was reasonably dry and excellent in workability. The risk of fire is much less than that of heptane currently used.

Example 2 Formulation (1) Stock solution Methyl polysiloxane 4.0 wt% Paraffin 6.0 wt% Butyl ether 15.0 wt% Tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether 5.0 wt% PFPE Galden HT100 70.0 wt% Total 100 wt%

This product is used as a polish for buildings, furniture, automobiles, etc., a rust preventive for metal products such as bicycles, sashes, and a lubricant for sliding doors, hinges, etc. It is also used as an aerosol as described below. (2) 35 parts by weight of 3 kg / cm ² G liquefied petroleum gas as a propellant with respect to 65 parts by weight of the stock solution is filled in a pressure-resistant can and made into an aerosol by a conventional method. Flame length 9.5 cm.

Example 3 Formulation Phosphoesterified silicone 0.3 wt% Propylene glycol 0.3 wt% Polyoxyethylene oleyl ether 0.1 wt% PFPE Galden HT70 72.3 wt% Dimethyl ether 27.0 wt% Total 100 wt%

This product is an aerosol product and is used as an antifog agent for glass and an antistatic agent. It is used in places where there is a risk of ignition, such as for military purposes such as airplanes and tanks, and for polishing cathode ray tubes and mirrors for monitoring chemical plants.

[0033]

The present invention combines a non-flammable PFPE that does not dissolve other substances at all with an organic solvent that has the ability to dissolve other substances but is flammable, and is a mixed solvent that makes full use of the features of both. To provide. Conventionally, PFPE was considered not to be mixed with other organic solvents except for CFC solvents, but the present inventor conducted a detailed search and found two types of compatible organic solvents to complete the present invention. is there. Due to global environmental issues, non-flammable solvents have become almost unusable due to restrictions on CFC-based and chlorine-based solvents.
In some cases, this may be necessary and the present invention should be evaluated as meeting that need.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows an example of the liquid solvent composition of the present invention, in which P
It is a graph which shows the experimental result which investigated the change of the flash point by the mixing ratio of FPE.

Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification number Reference number within the agency FI Technical indication location C07C 43/04 Z 7419-4H 43/12 7419-4H 43/275 C08L 71/02 LQE C09B 67/42 Z C09K 3/30 FR C10M 107/32 107/38 C11D 7/50 // C10N 40:36

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. Perfluoropolyether 4 to 96w
t% and aliphatic hydrocarbons having a molecular weight of 44 to 129 and /
Or 4-96 wt% of ethers having a molecular weight of 46-242
A liquid solvent composition having a uniform composition in the above composition range. 2. A cleaning liquid, a solvent, or a solvent for chemical reaction, which comprises the liquid composition according to claim 1. 3. A coating composition, a dye, a coating, a luster, a lubricant, a rust preventive, an adhesive, which is obtained by dissolving or dispersing the liquid composition of claim 1 and the desired active ingredient. Cleaning agents, detergents, abrasives, waterproofing agents, flaw detection agents, release agents, antistatic agents, insecticides, bactericides, cosmetics or human body preparations. 4. The aerosol product according to claim 1, which comprises using an aliphatic hydrocarbon and / or ether having a boiling point of −49 to + 20 ° C. as a propellant.