JPH0830211B2 - Method for manufacturing resistance welding nozzle - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing resistance welding nozzleInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0830211B2 JPH0830211B2 JP62173709A JP17370987A JPH0830211B2 JP H0830211 B2 JPH0830211 B2 JP H0830211B2 JP 62173709 A JP62173709 A JP 62173709A JP 17370987 A JP17370987 A JP 17370987A JP H0830211 B2 JPH0830211 B2 JP H0830211B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- welding nozzle
- welding
- nozzle
- copper
- iron
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
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- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は抵抗溶接に用いられる鉄系材料の溶接ノズル
の製造方法に関する。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a welding nozzle of an iron-based material used for resistance welding.
MIG,TIG,MAGなどのアーク溶接を行なう場合、ブロー
ホールなどの溶接不良の発生を防止するため溶接溶融部
位に炭酸ガスなどの不活性シールドガスを吹きつけて外
気との遮断を行なっている。When performing arc welding of MIG, TIG, MAG, etc., in order to prevent defective welding such as blowholes, an inert shield gas such as carbon dioxide gas is blown to the weld fusion site to shut off from the outside air.
このときシールドガスは溶接トーチの先端に取付けら
れた溶接ノズルに案内されて溶接箇所に供給される。こ
の溶接箇所は一般に1700℃乃至1800℃と非常に高温にな
り、飛散するスパッタも高温であるため付着反応性が高
い。また副射熱も大きいため従来の溶接ノズルは熱拡散
の大きい金属である銅または銅系金属で作られている。
そしてこの溶接ノズルを形成する銅系金属としては、一
般にクロム銅またはクロムジルコニア銅が用いられてい
る。これらは析出硬化型銅と呼ばれ、熱処理によりクロ
ム銅相を銅素地中に析出させ硬化させるものである。At this time, the shield gas is guided to the welding nozzle attached to the tip of the welding torch and supplied to the welding location. This welded part generally has a very high temperature of 1700 ° C. to 1800 ° C., and the spatter to be scattered is also high in temperature, so that the adhesion reactivity is high. Further, since the secondary heat is also large, the conventional welding nozzle is made of copper or copper-based metal, which is a metal having a large heat diffusion.
As the copper-based metal forming this welding nozzle, chromium copper or chromium zirconia copper is generally used. These are called precipitation hardening type copper, and are ones in which a chromium copper phase is precipitated and hardened in a copper matrix by heat treatment.
一方、溶接箇所が特に高温にならない作業条件の場合
には、溶接ノズルを軟化しない鉄または鉄系金属で形成
している。この鉄系金属で形成された溶接ノズルと前述
した銅系金属の溶接ノズルとの大きな差は表面硬度と熱
伝導率とにあり、銅系金属の場合の方がはるかに優れて
いる。On the other hand, under the working conditions where the welding spot does not reach a particularly high temperature, the welding nozzle is formed of iron or iron-based metal that does not soften. The big difference between the welding nozzle formed of the iron-based metal and the welding nozzle of the copper-based metal described above lies in the surface hardness and the thermal conductivity, and the copper-based metal is far superior.
すなわち、銅系金属の熱伝導率が22乃至232KCal/m・h
r・℃であるのに対し、鉄系金属では14乃至62.5KCal/m
・hr・℃である。That is, the thermal conductivity of copper-based metal is 22 to 232 KCal / m ・ h
r · ° C, while iron-based metals have 14 to 62.5KCal / m
・ Hr ・ ° C.
溶接ノズルにおいては前述したように熱拡散が重要な
問題であるため、従来はこの熱拡散をよくするため鉄系
金属で形成された溶接ノズルの肉厚を銅系金属の場合の
1/2乃至1/3程度にしていた。これは同一形状、同一寸法
の材料では移動熱量が熱伝導率／厚さに比例するためで
ある。As described above, heat diffusion is an important issue in welding nozzles, so in the past, in order to improve this heat diffusion, the thickness of the welding nozzle made of iron-based metal
It was about 1/2 to 1/3. This is because the amount of heat transferred is proportional to the thermal conductivity / thickness for materials of the same shape and size.
なお、鉄系金属の表面処理方法としては、特公昭56−
43309号公報及び特公昭56−43310号公報によって開示さ
れたように、鉄系金属を第IVa族または第Va族の金属を
含む硼酸塩の浴中に浸漬して、表面に炭化物層を形成す
る方法や、特公昭51−23458号公報によって開示された
ように、第Va族の金属を含む硼酸塩の浴中に超硬合金を
浸漬して電解し、表面に第Va族元素の炭化物層を形成す
る方法が公知である。In addition, as a surface treatment method for iron-based metal, Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-
As disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 43309 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-43310, an iron-based metal is immersed in a borate bath containing a Group IVa or Va metal to form a carbide layer on the surface. As disclosed by the method and JP-B-51-23458, the cemented carbide is immersed in a bath of a borate containing a Group Va metal for electrolysis, and a carbide layer of a Group Va element is formed on the surface. Methods of forming are known.
しかしながら、析出硬化型銅によって形成された溶接
チップにおいては、この析出硬化反応が可逆反応である
ために、析出されたクロム銅が200℃程度の加温により
再び銅素地中に溶け込み、硬度が初期の1/2乃至1/3程度
に低下するという問題があった。However, in the welding tip formed of precipitation hardening type copper, since this precipitation hardening reaction is a reversible reaction, the precipitated chromium copper melts into the copper base material again by heating at about 200 ° C. There was a problem that it decreased to about 1/2 to 1/3.
この結果、表面が軟質化するためスパッタが喰い込み
やすく、またスパッタ除去のときに表面が著しく損傷さ
れ、さらにスパッタが付着しやすくなる欠点があった。As a result, there is a drawback that the surface is softened so that the spatter is easily absorbed, and the surface is significantly damaged when the spatter is removed, and the spatter is easily attached.
一方、鉄系金属によって形成された溶接チップにおい
ては、熱伝導率及び表面硬度が低く、しかも飛散するス
パッタが鉄系であるため反応して付着しやすいという問
題があった。なお、前述した公報による提案はいずれも
本発明とはその目的及び具体的方法を異にするものであ
る。On the other hand, a welding tip formed of an iron-based metal has a problem that the thermal conductivity and the surface hardness are low, and the spatter that scatters is an iron-based material, which easily reacts and adheres. It should be noted that the proposals by the above-mentioned publications are different from the present invention in the purpose and the specific method.
本発明は上記事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、鉄系
ノズルの表面が粗面化しにくく耐久性があり、スパッタ
の付着しにくい抵抗溶接用ノズルの製造方法を提供する
ことを目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a resistance welding nozzle, which has durability and is less likely to roughen the surface of the iron-based nozzle, and is less likely to have spatter adhered thereto.
本発明は上記の目的を達成するために、鉄系材料によ
って溶接ノズルを形成し、該溶接ノズルをバナジウムを
溶入させた硼酸塩の溶融浴中に浸漬し、浴の容器を陽極
とし前記溶接ノズルを陰極として3A/cm2乃至7A/cm2の陰
極電流密度で電解して、前記溶接ノズルの表面に前記バ
ナジウムの炭化物層を形成させて抵抗溶接用ノズルを製
造するものである。In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention forms a welding nozzle of an iron-based material, immerses the welding nozzle in a molten bath of borate containing vanadium, and uses the bath container as an anode for the welding. Using the nozzle as a cathode, electrolysis is performed at a cathode current density of 3 A / cm 2 to 7 A / cm 2 to form the vanadium carbide layer on the surface of the welding nozzle to manufacture a resistance welding nozzle.
上記の方法によると、普通鋼またはダイス鋼によって
形成された溶接ノズルの表面に形成されるバナジウムの
炭化物層はスパッタに対する反応性が小さいので、スパ
ッタの付着については銅系金属で形成された溶接チップ
と同等程度におさえることができる。また炭化物層の硬
度が高く加温軟化も発生しないので、表面に付着したス
パッタを除去するときにこの表面を粗面化することがな
く、普通鋼の場合は炭化物層を形成した後、溶接ノズル
を再加熱し、さらに油冷処理を施し、またダイス鋼の場
合には炭化物層を形成した後、溶接ノズルを焼戻し処理
を施しているから、溶接ノズルとしての硬度が高くなり
耐久性も向上する。According to the above method, the vanadium carbide layer formed on the surface of the welding nozzle formed of ordinary steel or die steel has a low reactivity to spatter, and therefore the welding tip formed of a copper-based metal for spatter adhesion. Can be suppressed to the same level as. In addition, since the hardness of the carbide layer is high and it does not soften by heating, it does not roughen the surface when removing spatter adhering to the surface. In the case of ordinary steel, after forming the carbide layer, the welding nozzle Is reheated and oil-cooled, and in the case of die steel, after the carbide layer is formed, the welding nozzle is tempered, which increases the hardness of the welding nozzle and improves its durability. .
以下、本発明に係る抵抗溶接用ノズルの製造方法の一
実施例を図面を参照して説明する。An embodiment of a method for manufacturing a resistance welding nozzle according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
鉄系金属として普通鋼（SS）を用いて、第２図に示す
ような溶接ノズル素材１を作成する。図において符号２
はノズル本体、符号３は固定用ねじである。Using plain steel (SS) as the iron-based metal, a welding nozzle material 1 as shown in Fig. 2 is created. Reference numeral 2 in the figure
Is a nozzle body, and reference numeral 3 is a fixing screw.
次に黒鉛ルツボ内に硼砂を500gr入れ、この黒鉛ルツ
ボを電気炉内に入れて約1000℃に加熱して硼砂を溶融さ
せる。そしてこの黒鉛ルツボ内に鉄−バナジウムの粉末
を攪拌しながら添加して処理浴を作成する。Next, 500 gr of borax was put in the graphite crucible, and the graphite crucible was put in an electric furnace and heated to about 1000 ° C. to melt the borax. Then, iron-vanadium powder is added to the graphite crucible while stirring to form a treatment bath.
この処理浴中に前記溶接ノズル素材１を浸漬し、素材
１を陰極としルツボを陽極として5A/cm2の陰極電流密度
で２時間電解処理を行なう。この結果、素材１の表面に
第１図に示すように炭化物であるセラミック層４が形成
される。The welding nozzle material 1 is immersed in this treatment bath, and the material 1 is used as a cathode and the crucible is used as an anode to perform electrolytic treatment for 2 hours at a cathode current density of 5 A / cm 2 . As a result, on the surface of the raw material 1, as shown in FIG. 1, a ceramic layer 4 which is a carbide is formed.
このように表面処理された溶接ノズル素材１を500℃
に再加熱し、さらに油冷して溶接ノズル製品５を得る。Welding nozzle blank 1 surface-treated in this way at 500 ℃
It is reheated to, and oil-cooled to obtain a welding nozzle product 5.
上記実施例による方法によって、素材１を普通鋼（S
S）及びダイス鋼（SKD−11）の２種類で作成して実験的
に表面処理を行なった溶接ノズル５を、Ｘ線アナライザ
で分析した結果、約12μｍのセラミック層４が形成され
ていることが確認された。またＸ線回析によってVC及び
V3B2が析出されていることも確認された。By the method according to the above embodiment, the raw material 1 is made of ordinary steel (S
S) and die steel (SKD-11), two types of welding nozzles 5 which were experimentally surface-treated and analyzed by an X-ray analyzer showed that a ceramic layer 4 of about 12 μm was formed. Was confirmed. In addition, VC and
It was also confirmed that V 3 B 2 was precipitated.
なお、ダイス鋼で形成された溶接ノズル５は、処理と
同時に焼入れが終了しているため焼戻しは200℃で行な
えばよいことが判った。It has been found that the welding nozzle 5 made of die steel has been quenched at the same time as the treatment, so tempering may be performed at 200 ° C.
次に、本実施例による製造方法によって表面処理され
た普通鋼及びダイス鋼の２種類の溶接ノズルを現業ライ
ンで使用した場合のスパッタ付着量を従来の銅系溶接ノ
ズルと比較して第１表に示す。Next, the amount of spatter deposited when two types of welding nozzles of ordinary steel and die steel surface-treated by the manufacturing method according to the present embodiment were used in the production line were compared with the conventional copper-based welding nozzle. Shown in.
上記の表からわかるように、本実施例による溶接ノズ
ルのスパッタ付着量は、従来の銅系ノズルとほぼ同じで
あった。 As can be seen from the above table, the amount of spatter adhered to the welding nozzle according to this example was almost the same as that of the conventional copper-based nozzle.
また、銅系の溶接ノズルの場合は加温軟化が発生する
が、本実施例による溶接ノズルは加温軟化せず、しかも
表面がHv＝3000kg/mm2程度の硬度のセラミックで被覆さ
れているため、スパッタ除去のために金属ブラシで清掃
しても表面が粗面化することはない。また素材が鉄系金
属であるため耐久性が向上し、従来の銅系ノズルに比べ
ると５倍乃至10倍の耐用期間を得ることができる。Further, in the case of a copper-based welding nozzle, heating and softening occur, but the welding nozzle according to the present embodiment does not heat and soften, and the surface is coated with a ceramic having a hardness of Hv = 3000 kg / mm 2 . Therefore, the surface does not become rough even if it is cleaned with a metal brush to remove spatter. Further, since the material is an iron-based metal, durability is improved, and a service life that is 5 to 10 times that of a conventional copper-based nozzle can be obtained.
さらにまた、セラミック層４の厚さが厚いため、この
セラミック層４が破壊されても素地金属まで破壊が到達
することはない。Furthermore, since the ceramic layer 4 is thick, even if the ceramic layer 4 is destroyed, the destruction does not reach the base metal.
また、熱伝導については、溶接ノズル５の肉厚を1/2
程度にすることで熱伝導率を向上させることができる。
この熱伝導を実際の作業で測定した結果、銅系ノズルで
は基材の表面温度が55℃乃至60℃であるのに対し、本実
施例による鉄系ノズルでは49℃乃至56℃と、ほぼ同じ上
昇温度で作業が進行していることが確認された。Regarding heat conduction, the thickness of the welding nozzle 5 should be reduced to 1/2.
The thermal conductivity can be improved by adjusting the degree.
As a result of actually measuring this heat conduction, the surface temperature of the base material is 55 ° C. to 60 ° C. in the copper-based nozzle, whereas it is 49 ° C. to 56 ° C. in the iron-based nozzle according to the present embodiment, which is almost the same. It was confirmed that the work was proceeding at the elevated temperature.
上述したように、従来使用出来ないとされていた鉄系
素材で溶接ノズル５を作成し、本実施例のように表面に
セラミック層４を形成することによって使用可能とする
ことができる。As described above, the welding nozzle 5 can be made of an iron-based material, which has been considered to be unusable in the past, and the ceramic layer 4 can be formed on the surface as in the present embodiment so that the welding nozzle 5 can be used.
なお、上記実施例に示した表面処理の条件はこれらに
限定されるものではなく、電解の陰極電流密度は３〜7A
/cm2において同様の結果がえられ、本発明の主旨を逸脱
しない範囲で変更してもよい。The conditions of the surface treatment shown in the above embodiment are not limited to these, and the cathode current density of electrolysis is 3 to 7A.
The same result can be obtained at / cm 2 , and it may be changed without departing from the gist of the present invention.
上述したように本発明によれば、普通鋼またはダイス
鋼の鉄系金属で溶接ノズルを形成し、この溶接ノズルを
バナジウムを溶入させた硼酸塩の溶融浴中で電解し、溶
接ノズルの表面にバナジウムの炭化物層を形成したの
で、溶接ノズルへのスパッタの付着量を抑制し表面の粗
面化を防止でき、普通鋼の場合は炭化物層を形成した
後、溶接ノズルを再加熱し、さらに油冷処理を施し、ま
たダイス鋼の場合には炭化物層を形成した後、溶接ノズ
ルに焼戻し処理を施しているから、溶接ノズルとしての
硬度が高くなり耐久性を向上させることができる。As described above, according to the present invention, the welding nozzle is formed of the ferrous metal of the ordinary steel or the die steel, the welding nozzle is electrolyzed in the molten bath of borate containing vanadium, and the surface of the welding nozzle is Since a vanadium carbide layer was formed on the surface, it is possible to suppress the amount of spatter adhered to the welding nozzle and prevent roughening of the surface.In the case of ordinary steel, after forming the carbide layer, reheating the welding nozzle, Since the welding nozzle is tempered after the oil cooling treatment and the formation of the carbide layer in the case of die steel, the hardness of the welding nozzle is increased and the durability can be improved.
第１図は本発明に係る抵抗溶接用ノズルの製造方法によ
り製造された一実施例の溶接ノズルを示す一部断面側面
図、第２図は本実施例に用いる溶接ノズル素材を示す一
部断面側面図である。 １……溶接ノズル素材、４……セラミック層（炭化物
層）、５……溶接ノズル製品。FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional side view showing a welding nozzle of one embodiment manufactured by a method for manufacturing a resistance welding nozzle according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a welding nozzle material used in this embodiment. It is a side view. 1 ... Welding nozzle material, 4 ... Ceramic layer (carbide layer), 5 ... Welding nozzle product.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 実開 昭55−23213（ＪＰ，Ｕ) 特公 昭53−6623（ＪＰ，Ｂ２) 特公 昭51−23262（ＪＰ，Ｂ２) 特表 昭58−501986（ＪＰ，Ａ) ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) Bibliographic references Sho 55-23213 (JP, U) JP 53-5662 (JP, B2) JP 51-23262 (JP, B2) JP 58- 501986 (JP, A)
Claims (2)
接ノズルをバナジウムを溶入させた硼酸塩の溶融浴中に
浸漬し、浴の容器を陽極とし前記溶接ノズルを陰極とし
て3A/cm2乃至7A/cm2の陰極電流密度で電解して、前記溶
接ノズルの表面に前記バナジウムの炭化物層を形成し、
該溶接ノズルを再加熱し、さらに油冷することを特徴と
する抵抗溶接用ノズルの製造方法。1. A welding nozzle is formed of ordinary steel, and the welding nozzle is dipped in a molten bath of borate containing vanadium. The bath container is used as an anode and the welding nozzle is used as a cathode at 3 A / cm 2. Electrolyzed at a cathode current density of 7 ~ A / cm 2 , to form a vanadium carbide layer on the surface of the welding nozzle,
A method for manufacturing a resistance welding nozzle, comprising reheating the welding nozzle and further cooling with oil.
溶接ノズルをバナジウムを溶入させた硼酸塩の溶融浴中
に浸漬し、浴の容器を陽極とし前記溶接ノズルを陰極と
して3A/cm2乃至7A/cm2の陰極電流密度で電解して、前記
溶接ノズルの表面に前記バナジウムの炭化物層を形成
し、該溶接ノズルを焼戻しすることを特徴とする抵抗溶
接用ノズルの製造方法。2. A welding nozzle is formed of die steel, and the welding nozzle is immersed in a molten bath of borate containing vanadium. The bath container serves as an anode and the welding nozzle serves as a cathode at 3 A / cm 2. A method for manufacturing a resistance welding nozzle, characterized by electrolyzing at a cathode current density of 7 to 7 A / cm 2 to form the vanadium carbide layer on the surface of the welding nozzle and tempering the welding nozzle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62173709A JPH0830211B2 (en) | 1987-07-11 | 1987-07-11 | Method for manufacturing resistance welding nozzle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62173709A JPH0830211B2 (en) | 1987-07-11 | 1987-07-11 | Method for manufacturing resistance welding nozzle |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6417893A JPS6417893A (en) | 1989-01-20 |
| JPH0830211B2 true JPH0830211B2 (en) | 1996-03-27 |
Family
ID=15965681
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62173709A Expired - Lifetime JPH0830211B2 (en) | 1987-07-11 | 1987-07-11 | Method for manufacturing resistance welding nozzle |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0830211B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105063692B (en) * | 2015-09-09 | 2018-01-30 | 华北理工大学 | A kind of Fe V functionally gradient material (FGM)s and preparation method thereof |
| CN109576741A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-05 | 黄德超 | Process of Iron Plating by Amino-sulfonate applies the method on weldering nozzle |
| CN116889958A (en) * | 2023-07-07 | 2023-10-17 | 广东脉络能源科技有限公司 | Vanadium-based coating head for resisting perovskite corrosion |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5849547B2 (en) * | 1974-08-14 | 1983-11-05 | マルコセイヤク カブシキガイシヤ | Pyrazoline pyrazoline |
| JPS5834567B2 (en) * | 1976-07-01 | 1983-07-27 | 住友化学工業株式会社 | Inorganic fiber manufacturing method |
| JPS5523213U (en) * | 1978-07-26 | 1980-02-14 |
-
1987
- 1987-07-11 JP JP62173709A patent/JPH0830211B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6417893A (en) | 1989-01-20 |
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