JPH08302365A - Gasification apparatus for coal or the like - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To prevent operation troubles of a gasification apparatus of coal etc., caused by a molten smelt depositing and growing on the side wall of a combustion chamber of the apparatus. CONSTITUTION: This apparatus has a starting burner 6 which is installed below the slag hole 4 of the main combustion chamber 2 and raises the temp. of the main combustion chamber 2 on starting; and a water level adjusting means for slag hopper water which detects the water level of slag hopper water 8 having the water surface below the starting burner 6, keeps the water level lower than the combustion zone of the burner 6 when the starting burner 6 is burning, and raises the water level when the starting burner 6 is quenched.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a gasifier for coal or the like which can prevent molten slag from adhering to a combustion chamber.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional gasifier for coal or the like is shown in FIG. The gasification furnace body 1 of this gasifier is generally arranged in a pressure vessel for gasifying coal under high pressure. The gasification furnace main body 1 mainly includes a main combustion chamber 2 that gasifies main combustion, a main burner 3 that includes one or several fuel injectors and an oxidant containing air or oxygen, and a main combustion chamber. 2 which are continuously provided below 2 to perform heating and heating of the main combustion chamber 2 before starting, and one or several of which start fuel and oxidizer are introduced into the starting combustion chamber 5. Of the starting burner 6, the slag hole 4 provided between the main combustion chamber 2 and the starting combustion chamber 5 for dropping the molten slag (molten ash) 7 discharged from the main combustion chamber 2, and the starting combustion chamber 5 The slag hopper 12, which is continuously provided below and collects the slag hopper water 8 for water granulating the molten slag 7, the water level detector 9 for detecting the water level of the slag hopper water 8, and the main combustion chamber 1 for promoting the gasification reaction of coal or the like. It is composed of the upper gasification reaction chamber 11.

The above-mentioned conventional gasifier for coal or the like is generally operated as follows. That is, while supplying and draining water, the water level of the slag hopper water 8 is maintained at a certain water level below the starting burner 6 and the pressure in the gasification furnace main body 1 is kept at a predetermined value.

Then, the starter burner 6 is ignited and burned in the starter combustion chamber 5 by using an ignition device or the like to raise the temperatures of the main combustion chamber 2 and the gasification reaction chamber 11 in the gasification furnace body 1. Let When the temperature of the main combustion chamber 2 becomes sufficiently high for ignition and combustion of the main burner 3, the main burner 3 is ignited and the starting burner 6 is extinguished.

The fuel (main fuel) of the main burner 3 is pulverized coal obtained by pulverizing coal, or a coal / water slurry prepared by making pulverized coal into a slurry, but an oil fuel can also be used. After the main burner 2 is ignited, the ratio of the fuel and the oxidizer is adjusted, and the coal gasification operation is started.

As described above, when the main fuel is charged and burned, the reciprocal component in the fuel is melted and becomes molten slag 7 that travels along the wall of the main combustion chamber 2 from the slag hole 4 to the slag hopper water 8
Fall inside. By directly dropping the molten slag 7 into the slag hopper water 8, the molten slag 7 is self-pulverized (water granulated) and is easily discharged from the slag hopper 12.

[0007]

In the above-mentioned conventional gasifier for coal or the like, since the starting burner 6 requires a combustion space of a certain fixed volume, the starting burner 6 is generally used for starting combustion. It is installed in the lower part of the chamber 5. On the other hand, as described above, the water level of the slag hopper water 8 is maintained at a certain water level below the starting burner 6. Therefore,
The distance between the slag hole 4 and the surface of the slag hopper water 8 increases.

As described above, in the conventional gasifier for coal or the like, since the distance between the slag hole 4 and the water surface of the slag hopper water 8 is large, a part of the molten slag 7 flowing down from the slag hole 4 is slag hopper. The molten slag that adheres to the side wall of the startup combustion chamber 5 without falling into the water 8 and adheres gradually solidifies and grows. Since the temperature of the molten slag solidified and grown gradually decreases, even if it falls into the water 8 of the slag hopper, it is not water granulated, and becomes a large lump with a size of 400 mm × 800 mm, for example. .

It is difficult to discharge such a large lump of molten slag from the slag hopper 12, and the slag hopper 1
It becomes impossible to continue the operation of the gasifier for coal etc. within a short time of about several hours.

The present invention is intended to provide a gasifier for coal or the like which can solve the above problems.

[0011]

[Means for Solving the Problems]

(1) A gasifier for coal or the like according to the present invention is provided below a slag hole in a main combustion chamber, and a starter burner that raises the temperature of the main combustion chamber at the time of start-up of gasification furnace operation; Detects the water level of the slag hopper water having a water surface below, lowers the water level of the slag hopper water during the combustion of the startup burner than the combustion region by the startup burner, and when the startup burner is extinguished, the slag hopper water And a means for adjusting the water level of the slag hopper water, which makes the water level higher than that at the time of combustion of the startup burner.

(2) Further, in the gasifier for coal or the like of the present invention, in the gasifier for coal or the like in the above (1), the starting burner is installed obliquely downward.

[0013]

In the present invention (1), at the time of start-up when the start-up burner burns, the water level of the slag hopper water is made lower than the combustion region of the start-up burner to secure the combustion space required for the start-up burner. The burner for use burns smoothly. When the temperature of the main combustion chamber rises due to the combustion of the startup burner, and the combustion by the main burner is performed in the main combustion chamber and the startup burner is extinguished, the water level of the slag hopper water becomes The water level is higher than that of the slag hole and the distance between the slag hole and the water surface of the slag hopper becomes smaller. Therefore, all the molten slag that falls from the main combustion chamber through the slag hole does not fall into the slag hopper water and are water granulated and do not adhere to the side wall of the combustion chamber.

In the invention (2), the invention (1)
In addition to the above function, the space for burning the starter burner can be secured by installing the starter burner obliquely downward.

[0015]

EXAMPLE An example of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
In this embodiment, the startup combustion chamber 5 immediately below the slag hole 4
One or several starting burners 6 are installed diagonally downward in the upper part of the. Further, a water supply pipe 15 to the slag hopper 12 provided with the water supply flow meter 13 and the water supply flow rate control valve 14, and a drain pipe 17 from the slag hopper 12 provided with the slag hopper water level control valve 16 are provided. The valve 16 is controlled by the signal of the water level detector 9 of the slag hopper water 8 to
It is designed to control the water level of.

The other parts of this embodiment are the same as those of the gasifier for coal and the like shown in FIG. 2. The same parts as those in FIG. 2 are designated by the same reference numerals in FIG. 1 and their explanations are omitted. To do.

In the present embodiment, the start-up of the gasifier by the start-up burner 6 and the extinction of the start-up burner 6 and the ignition of the main burner 3 after the start-up are performed in the same manner as in the conventional gasifier shown in FIG. Be seen.

On the other hand, the flow rate of the feed water is detected by the feed water flow meter 13, and the slag hopper 12 is fed from the feed pipe 15 while being controlled by the feed water flow control valve 14 so that the flow rate becomes a predetermined flow rate.
Supply water to. In addition, the water level of the slag hopper water 8 is detected by the water level detector 9, and the slag hopper water level control valve 16 is controlled to bring the slag hopper water 8 to the outside of the slag hopper 12 through the drain pipe 17 so that the water level becomes a predetermined water level. Drain. Thereby, the water level of the slag hopper water 8 in the slag hopper 12 can be adjusted.

In this embodiment, as described above, the water supply pipe 15 having the water supply flow meter 13 and the water supply flow rate control valve 14, the drain pipe 17 having the slag hopper water level control valve 16 and the water level detector 9 are provided. Since the means for adjusting the water level of the water is provided, the water level of the slag hopper water in the slag hopper 12 is lower than the combustion area of the start burner 6 when the gasifier which ignites and burns the start burner 6 is started. To be extinguished. Therefore, the combustion space required for the start-up burner 6 is secured, and the combustion can be performed smoothly.

Further, the start-up burner 6 is installed in the upper portion of the start-up combustion chamber 5 so as to face obliquely downward,
A space for combustion of the start-up burner 6 can be secured.

When the start-up burner 6 is extinguished and combustion by the main burner 3 is started to gasify coal or the like, the start-up combustion chamber 5 may have a small volume. Therefore, the slag hopper described above is required. By means of adjusting the water level of the water, the water level of the slag hopper water 8 is adjusted to the starting burner 6
Is raised from the water level at the time of combustion to, for example, just below the start-up burner 6. The method of raising the slag hopper water level can be easily performed by, for example, increasing the set value of the slag hopper water level control valve 16.

By raising the water level of the slag hopper water 8 in this manner, it is possible to prevent slag from adhering to the side wall of the startup combustion chamber 5 and solidified growth of slag due to the scattering of the molten slag 7 flowing down from the slag hole 4. . Also,
Since all the molten slag 7 falls into the slag hopper water 8, the molten slag 7 can be surely self-pulverized (water granulated).

[0023]

According to the present invention, by making the water level of the slag hopper water variable, it is possible to obtain a combustion space by lowering the slag hopper water level during use of the start-up burner at the time of start-up, and smooth combustion by the start-up burner. It can be performed.

Also, during normal operation after the start-up burner is extinguished, the molten slag that falls from the slag hole directly drops into the slag hopper water by raising the slag hopper water level, so the molten slag adheres to the side wall of the combustion chamber. It does not grow and can continue to operate for a long time.

On the other hand, the molten slag falls entirely into the slag hopper water without adhering to the side wall of the combustion chamber, is self-pulverized (water granulated) and becomes small, and can be handled by downstream equipment.
Easier to discharge.

Furthermore, in the present invention, the start-up burner is installed diagonally downward, so that a space for burning the burner can be secured.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a gasifier for coal and the like according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional gasifier for coal or the like.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 gasification furnace main body 2 main combustion chamber 3 main burner 4 slag hole 5 startup combustion chamber 6 startup burner 7 molten slag 8 slag hopper water 9 water level detector 11 gasification reaction chamber 12 slag hopper 13 feed water flow meter 14 feed water flow control valve 15 Water supply pipe 16 Slag hopper water level control valve 17 Drain pipe

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A starter burner provided below the slag hole of the main combustion chamber for raising the temperature of the main combustion chamber at the time of starting the gasification furnace operation; a water level of slag hopper water having a water surface below the starter burner. When the start-up burner burns, the water level of the slag hopper water is made lower than the combustion region by the start-up burner, and when the start-up burner is extinguishing, the water level of the slag hopper water is burned at the start-up burner. And a means for adjusting the water level of the slag hopper water that is higher than the slag hopper water. 2. The gasifier for coal or the like according to claim 1, wherein the start-up burner is installed obliquely downward.