JPH08312363A - Cleaning method and device of exhaust turbosupercharger - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To clean the inside of a supercharger easily and efficiently in a state without lowering the output power of an engine. CONSTITUTION: This cleaning device is provided with a supply pipe 7 being branched off from a steam pipe 8 and connected, and to be opened and connected to an exhaust pipe 5 approximated to an exhaust flow inlet 4 of an exhaust turbosupercharger 1 and supplying steam in this exhaust pipe 5, a throttle device 12 being installed in the point midway in this supply pipe 7 approximated to a connecting part between the exhaust pipe 5 and the supply pipe 7, and two injection valves 23 to be installed in the connecting part between the exhaust pipe 5 and the supply pipe 7 and this supply pipe 7 in a gap with the throttle device 12, respectively. In addition, an on-off valve 10 with a leak hole in a valve element is installed in the supply pipe 7 approximated to a connecting part between the supply pipe 7 and the steam pipe 8, and a part lying between this on-off valve 10 and the throttle device 12 is constituted a flexible hose. Likewise, a surfactant feeder 14 is connected to an interval between the throttle device 12 and the injection valve 23.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for cleaning an exhaust turbine supercharger provided in an internal combustion engine and a cleaning apparatus therefor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An exhaust turbine supercharger installed adjacent to an internal combustion engine such as a diesel engine uses exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine to rotate a turbine, and the generated power drives a compressor to output the output of the engine. It is intended to increase the efficiency and efficiency.

However, in this exhaust turbine supercharger, since the source for rotating the turbine is the exhaust gas of a diesel engine, combustion products such as carbon contained in the exhaust gas are generated especially in an engine using low quality fuel oil. However, it adheres to the surface of the turbine and causes the performance of the supercharger and the engine to be significantly reduced.

In order to remove the deposits on the turbine, a method of periodically disassembling the supercharger and washing and removing it has been adopted, but the work is very complicated and the construction period becomes long. However, there has been a demand for a method of easily removing deposits in a short period of time.

Therefore, conventionally, as a cleaning method for removing the deposits, the engine and the supercharger are operated at a low load, and a water injection pipe is connected to an exhaust pipe connecting the engine and the supercharger to each other. Connect a jet pipe to the exhaust pipe that connects the engine and the supercharger, with a washing method using water that pours water of a predetermined pressure into the machine, or as a slightly light load operation of the engine and the supercharger of 70-80% Then, in the supercharger, granules such as crushed activated carbon and crushed rice having a diameter of 1 to 1.5 mm are 3 to 5 kg / cm ²
・ The method of spraying and spraying with G's chore air and washing with mechanical energy due to the impact was performed.

[0006]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional cleaning method, the former cleaning method by pouring water into the turbine inlet exhaust temperature is 200 to 300 as a countermeasure against turbine blade cracks due to heat shock.
Since the output of the engine must be lowered to near no load because it needs to be lowered to ℃, it has the drawbacks that it requires skill to operate it, and the work is complicated, and the washing with this water In the method, since the injected water must be discharged, the drain hole must be provided on the supercharger side, and the inside of the supercharger must be dried after cleaning, which is a low It has a drawback that it takes time such as load operation.

Further, according to this cleaning method, since the engine is operated under a low load for cleaning, the temperature around the exhaust pipe does not become high and the temperature is 200 to 300 ° C. Therefore, the water injection pipe is formed of a flexible pipe. However, since the temperature rises to about 550 ° C during engine operation, the water injection pipe must be removed so that it does not melt. That is, the water injection pipe is attached during cleaning work, and this water injection pipe is attached during engine operation. There is a problem that there is a complicated work of removing it.

On the other hand, in the latter cleaning method, when the cleaning effect changes depending on the shape, size, hardness, specific gravity, etc. of the granular material such as crushed activated carbon or crushed rice to be ejected, and these elements are not uniform. However, there is a problem that the tip side of the turbine blade is damaged. Further, since it is necessary to preliminarily form the granular material in a substantially uniform size and to make the shape, hardness, specific gravity, etc. substantially uniform, there is a drawback that cleaning cannot be easily performed.

Further, since the former and the latter are washing while operating the engine, water, or particulate matter and exhaust gas are mixed and flow into the supercharger, but this mixed state is uniform. If this does not occur, the entire supercharger interior will be unevenly washed, and the turbine cleaning effect may be biased.

Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an exhaust turbine supercharger capable of easily and efficiently cleaning the inside of the supercharger in a state of normal operation without reducing the output of the engine. An object of the present invention is to provide a cleaning method and a cleaning device for a machine.

[0011]

Means for achieving the above object will be described below with reference to the drawings corresponding to the embodiments. The exhaust turbine supercharger cleaning method of the present invention comprises:
An exhaust turbine supercharger 1 provided in an internal combustion engine, comprising:
During operation of the internal combustion engine and the exhaust turbine supercharger 1, a supply connected to a position close to the exhaust inlet 4 in an exhaust pipe 5 connected to the exhaust inlet 4 of the exhaust turbine supercharger 1. It is characterized in that water vapor set to a pressure higher than the exhaust pressure in the exhaust pipe 5 is injected from the pipe 7 for a predetermined time.

A surfactant may be added to the water vapor.

Further, the exhaust turbine supercharger cleaning device 6 of the present invention is opened at a position close to the exhaust inlet 4 in the exhaust pipe 5 connected to the exhaust inlet 4 of the exhaust turbine supercharger 1. A supply pipe 7 connected to the exhaust pipe 5 to supply water vapor into the exhaust pipe 5, and a throttle device 12 disposed in the middle of the supply pipe 7 close to a connecting portion between the exhaust pipe 5 and the supply pipe 7. An injection valve 23 disposed in the supply pipe 7 between the connecting portion between the exhaust pipe 5 and the supply pipe 7 and the expansion device 12 is provided.

The supply pipe 7 is branched and connected from a steam pipe 8, and an opening / closing valve 10 is arranged in the supply pipe 7 near the connecting portion between the supply pipe 7 and the steam pipe 8. A flexible hose 9 may be provided at a part between the opening / closing valve 10 and the expansion device 12. The open / close valve 10 is a valve body 10
A leak hole 11 having a predetermined size is formed so as to penetrate d, and water vapor is constantly leaked to the supply pipe 7 side even when the opening / closing valve 10 is closed.

Further, the surfactant supply device 14 may be connected between the expansion device 12 and the injection valve 23 in the supply pipe 7.

[0016]

During operation of the internal combustion engine and the exhaust turbine supercharger 1, the exhaust pipe 5 connected to the exhaust inlet 4 of the exhaust turbine supercharger 1 is connected to a position close to the exhaust inlet 4. The inside of the supercharger 1 is cleaned by injecting water vapor having a pressure higher than the exhaust pressure in the exhaust pipe 5 by the expansion device 12 from the supply pipe 7 for a predetermined time. A surfactant is added to the injected water vapor from a surfactant supply device 14 connected to the supply pipe 7.

Further, even when the on-off valve 10 connected to the supply pipe 7 is closed at a time other than the cleaning time, the leak hole 11 formed in the valve body 10d of the on-off valve 10 causes the water vapor pipe 8 to escape from the water vapor pipe 8. The water vapor is constantly leaked to the supply pipe 7 side and the flexible hose 9 side.

[0018]

1 is a schematic front view showing an embodiment of a cleaning apparatus for an exhaust turbine supercharger according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of an exhaust turbine supercharger, and FIG. 3 is an exhaust turbine supercharger. It is a partially cut front view of a cleaning device.

First, as shown in FIG. 2, the exhaust turbine supercharger 1 is composed of a centrifugal blower 1A and an axial flow turbine 1B, and is installed side by side with a diesel engine (not shown). Utilizing this, the turbine 2 is driven to rotate, the impeller 3 on the side of the blower 1A is rotated, and the air pressure is increased by the centrifugal force and is sent out.

The cleaning device 5 of the present invention is arranged on the axial turbine portion 1B side of the exhaust turbine supercharger 1.

The cleaning device 6 is connected to the exhaust gas inlet 4 of the supercharger 1 into which the exhaust gas of the engine flows, and is provided with a supply pipe 7, an opening / closing valve 10, a throttle device 12, and a surfactant. The supply device 14 and an injection valve are roughly configured. As shown in FIG. 1, the supercharger 1 has two exhaust gas inlets 4, two exhaust pipes 5 are connected, and a supply pipe 7 is connected to each of them. The pipe 7 is branched in the middle, and each exhaust pipe 5 side from this branched portion has the same structure, so only one side will be described.

The supply pipe 7 is branched from the steam pipe 8 and is connected to the steam pipe 8. The supply pipe 7 is connected to the steam pipe 8 and the exhaust pipe 5 connected to the exhaust turbine supercharger 1. The steam is allowed to flow from the steam pipe 8 into the exhaust pipe 5. The connection position of the supply pipe 7 in the exhaust pipe 5 is a position close to the exhaust inlet 4 of the supercharger 1 and is opened in the exhaust pipe 5.

The supply pipe 7 is composed of a steel pipe or the like, but as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a steam pipe 8 is provided.
A substantially half portion on the side is formed of a flexible hose 9 having flexibility.

Next, the opening / closing valve 10 is constituted by a lens-shaped valve, is located near the connecting portion of the supply pipe 7 with the water vapor pipe 8, is located on the one end side 9a of the flexible hose 9, and is connected to the supply pipe 7. It is arranged. As shown in FIG. 3, in the opening / closing valve 10, a minute leak hole 11 having a diameter of about 1 mm is formed in a valve body 10d that moves in a valve box 10c by a valve rod 10a and a handle wheel 10b. .

Next, the expansion device 12 slightly increases the pressure of the steam flowing in the supply pipe 7, and is constituted by an orifice plate 13 as shown in FIG. 4, for example, and the other end 9b of the flexible hose 9 is provided. Is provided at a midway position of the supply pipe 7 close to the connection portion with the exhaust pipe 5.

Next, the surfactant supply device 14 is provided adjacent to the expansion device 12 and connected to the supply pipe 7 on the exhaust pipe 5 side of the expansion device 12. The surfactant supply device 14 is roughly composed of a cylinder 15, a liquid chamber 16, a piston 19 and an automatic switching valve, and constitutes a pressure increasing cylinder.

The cylinder 15 and the liquid chamber 16 are continuously and integrally formed, and are formed so that the inner diameter of the liquid chamber 16 is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder 15. An injection port 17 for injecting a surfactant is provided in the inside, a jet hole 18 is provided at the center of the tip, and the jet port 18 is connected to the supply pipe 7.

The piston 19 is formed integrally with the piston portion 19a which moves in the cylinder 15, and a block portion 19b which has a smaller diameter than the piston portion 19a and moves in the liquid chamber 16. It consists of and.

The automatic switching valve 20 includes a pair of actuating pipes 2 connected to respective ports of the base end and the tip of the cylinder 15.
1 and the introduction pipe 2 connected to the supply pipe 7 closer to the expansion device 12 than the position where the ejection port 18 of the liquid chamber 16 is connected.
2 is connected, and the steam flowing through the supply pipe 7 is taken in by the introduction pipe 22, and the valve body is operated by a control device (not shown) or the like to cause the steam to flow to one of the working pipes 21 of the pair. The piston 19 in the cylinder 15 is reciprocated.

A check valve may be provided at the jet port 18 of the surfactant supply device 14 so that the water vapor in the supply pipe 7 does not flow backward and enter.

Further, the injection valve 23 is a lens-shaped valve having substantially the same shape as that of the opening / closing valve 10, and has a supply pipe 7 and an exhaust pipe 5.
It is provided so as to be connected to the supply pipe 7 between the connection portion with and the surfactant supply device 14.

Next, the cleaning device 6 constructed as described above.
A method of cleaning the exhaust turbine supercharger 1 according to the above will be described. When the supercharger 1 is cleaned, the engine and the supercharger 1 are started to be cleaned in a normal operating state without lowering the output.

First, the injection valve 23 and the opening / closing valve 10
Is opened, the steam set at 100 ° C. or higher is flown into the supply pipe 7 through the steam pipe 8, and the steam is injected into the exhaust pipe 5.

At this time, the pressure of the exhaust gas flowing from the engine to the supercharger 1 through the exhaust pipe 5 is 1.5 to 1.8 kg / cm ² , but the throttling device provided in the middle of the supply pipe 7. According to 12, the water vapor has a pressure higher than the pressure of the exhaust gas, for example, 2 kg / cm ^2, and is injected into the exhaust pipe 5 as shown in FIG. 2 without flowing backward. The amount of water vapor injected into the exhaust gas is variable depending on the quality of the fuel oil used in the engine, because the degree of pollution in the supercharger 1 varies.

At the same time when the injection of water vapor is started, as shown in FIG.
From the initial state of FIG. 5A, the surfactant supply device 14 operates as shown in FIG.
Of the surfactant causes the surfactant in the liquid chamber 16 to be ejected into the supply pipe 7.

The jetted surfactant mixes with the water vapor in the supply pipe 7, that is, becomes a chemical liquid atomized at a high temperature and is injected into the exhaust pipe 5.

The atomized chemical liquid flowing into the exhaust pipe 5 mixes with the exhaust gas of the engine, flows into the exhaust turbine supercharger 1 together with the exhaust gas, and adheres to the inner surface of the supercharger 1 and the turbine blade 2a. Cleaning is performed while removing the generated combustion products.

The surfactant supply device 14 is provided in the liquid chamber 1.
After ejecting the surfactant from inside 6, the piston 19 is retracted by the operation of the automatic switching valve as shown in FIG.
At the same time, the surfactant is filled in the liquid chamber 16 again from the charging port 17.

The supply of the surfactant into the supply pipe 7 by the surfactant supply device 14 is repeated, and the water vapor is supplied into the supercharger 1 through the exhaust pipe 5 for a predetermined time, for example, 5 to 15. Infused for a minute to perform a wash.

The mixed gas of steam and exhaust gas that has flowed into the exhaust turbine supercharger 1 is discharged from an exhaust outlet (not shown) of the supercharger 1.

After the cleaning is completed, the valves 10 and 23 are closed to prevent water vapor from flowing into the exhaust pipe 7, and the surfactant supply device 14 is stopped.

The opening / closing valve 10 has a leak hole 11
Therefore, even if the valve body 11d is closed, water vapor always flows from the water vapor pipe 8 into the supply pipe 7, whereby the temperature of the supply pipe 7 becomes equal to the temperature of the water vapor. This is maintained so that high-temperature exhaust heat from the exhaust pipe 5 is prevented from being transferred to the flexible hose 9.

Therefore, in the cleaning device 6 and the cleaning method for the exhaust turbine supercharger 1 configured as described above, by using steam, the steam is closer to a gas than the water used in the conventional cleaning method, and the temperature is higher. Is high and the pressure is higher than the pressure of the exhaust gas, it is possible to perform the cleaning in the normal output state without lowering the operating state of the engine, and the engine is in the normal operating state, and Since the water vapor and the exhaust gas are gases, they can be sufficiently mixed without being biased, so that the water vapor and exhaust gas can be evenly distributed in the turbocharger 1 to every corner, and the inner surface of the turbocharger 1 and the turbine blades Combustion products adhering to 2a can be peeled off and removed by this steam, and a sufficient cleaning effect can be obtained.

Further, since the cleaning is performed without using the conventional solid such as crushed activated carbon which is a granular material, the turbine blade 2a is not damaged and the granular material is equalized in advance. Since there is no trouble, it becomes possible to easily perform cleaning.

Further, since water or vapor such as water or granules used in the conventional cleaning method is not used, but water in a gas state, that is, steam is used, the supercharger 1 is made to discharge the liquid or solid. There is no need to provide a drain hole for this purpose, and there is no risk of it remaining in the supercharger 1.

Further, since the opening / closing valve 10 is provided with the leak hole 11, water vapor always flows into the supply pipe 7 even if the opening / closing valve 10 is closed. The flexible hose 9 forming a part of the supply pipe 7 does not have to be removed during operation of the engine and the supercharger 1, that is, the leak hole 11 is formed. The flexible hose 9
Can be configured with.

Further, by providing the surfactant supply device 14 in the middle of the supply pipe 7 and adding the surfactant to the water vapor for cleaning, the cleaning effect is further improved as compared with the case of using only the water vapor. It becomes possible to reliably remove the deposits inside the feeder 1.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, an example in which a part of the supply pipe 7 is made up of the flexible hose 9 has been described, but it may be made entirely of steel pipe or the like.

Further, in the above embodiment, the opening / closing valve 10 is connected, and the leak hole 1 is formed in the valve body 10d of the opening / closing valve 10.
Although the example in which 1 is bored has been described, this leak hole 11
Even if the configuration is not provided, the same sufficient cleaning effect as described above can be obtained, and when the leak hole 11 is not provided, the flexible hose 9 can be easily attached and detached.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the jet outlet 18 of the surfactant supply device 14 is simply connected to the supply pipe 7, but the surfactant is sprayed into the jet port 18. You may provide the nozzle for making it jet. In this case, the water vapor in the supply pipe 7 and the surface-active agent sprayed in the form of mist are sufficiently mixed, and the cleaning effect is further improved.

Further, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the surfactant supplying device 14 is constituted by the cylinder 15 and the piston 19, and the surfactant is supplied to the inside of the supply pipe 7 by operating the automatic switching valve 20. However, the structure is not limited to this structure. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, above the supply pipe 7 connected to the exhaust pipe 5,
A storage tank 16 'in which a surfactant is stored is provided, and a delivery pipe 25 is connected to the bottom through a liquid injection valve 24, and the delivery pipe 25 is connected so as to extend into the supply pipe 7, The tip side of the delivery pipe 25 is bent in the supply pipe 7 in the direction of the flow of water vapor, and the tip of the delivery pipe 25 is attached to the nozzle 2
The surfactant supply device 14 having the configuration of 6 may be used.
According to this supply device 14, since the opening of the nozzle 26 is in the direction opposite to the direction of the flow of water vapor in the supply pipe 7, a negative pressure is generated at the tip of the nozzle 26. Surfactant spontaneously flows out. Then, this surfactant is mixed with water vapor in the supply pipe 7, and the same effect as described above can be obtained.

Further, in the apparatus of the above-mentioned embodiment, the example in which the surfactant supply device 14 is provided in the middle of the supply pipe 7 and the surfactant is mixed in the water vapor for cleaning is explained. Even if the supply device 14 is not provided and only the water vapor is washed, a sufficient effect can be obtained.

[0053]

As described above, in the method for cleaning an exhaust turbine supercharger according to the present invention, the use of water vapor makes it possible that the water vapor is a gas and the pressure is higher than the pressure of the exhaust gas. Therefore, there is an effect that cleaning can be performed in a normal output state without lowering the operating state of the engine, that is, when cleaning the supercharger, the cleaning operation can be easily performed. The effect is that you can move.

Further, since the water vapor and the exhaust gas are gases, they can be sufficiently mixed without being biased, and since the engine is in a normal operating state, the water vapor is biased in the supercharger. It is possible to reach all the corners without any damage, and the combustion products adhering to the inner surface of the supercharger and the turbine blades can be separated and removed by the steam, that is, a sufficient cleaning effect can be obtained.

Furthermore, since the cleaning is performed with water vapor, not with a solid which is a granular material such as crushed activated carbon as in the prior art, the turbine blade is not damaged and the granular material is equalized beforehand. Since there is no need for the work, there is an effect that cleaning can be easily performed.

Further, according to the cleaning method of the present invention, the cleaning is performed by using the vapor in the gas state without using the liquid or the solid such as water or the granular material used in the conventional cleaning method.
Since it will be discharged together with the exhaust gas without remaining in the supercharger, it is not necessary to provide a drain hole in this supercharger.
Further, there is an effect that the normal operation of the engine and the supercharger can be immediately restarted after the cleaning is completed.

Further, when the surfactant is added to the steam, the cleaning effect is further improved as compared with the case where only the steam is used, and the deposit inside the supercharger can be surely removed.

Further, according to the exhaust turbine supercharger cleaning device of the present invention, since the opening / closing valve is provided with the leak hole, even if the opening / closing valve is closed after the cleaning work, the steam always flows into the supply pipe. Therefore, the temperature of the supply pipe does not become high due to the exhaust temperature of the engine, so that the flexible hose forming a part of the supply pipe does not have to be removed during operation of the engine and the supercharger, that is, Since the leak hole is formed, a part of the supply pipe can be configured with a flexible hose, and the cleaning device is not affected by vibration of the engine.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing an embodiment of a cleaning device for an exhaust turbine supercharger according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of an exhaust turbine supercharger according to the same embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a partially cut front view of a cleaning device for an exhaust turbine supercharger according to the same embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the squeezing device of the cleaning device according to the embodiment.

5A to 5C are operation diagrams of a surfactant supply device of the cleaning device according to the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a schematic front view of a surfactant supply device according to another embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ... Exhaust turbine supercharger 4 ... Exhaust inlet 5 ... Exhaust pipe 6 ... Cleaning device 7 ... Supply pipe 8 ... Steam pipe 9 ... Flexible hose 10 ... Open / close valve 10d ... Valve body 11 ... Leak hole 12 ... Throttle device 14 ... Surfactant supply device 23 ... Injection valve

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An exhaust turbine supercharger provided in an internal combustion engine, the exhaust pipe being connected to an exhaust inlet of the exhaust turbine supercharger during operation of the internal combustion engine and the exhaust turbine supercharger. A method for cleaning an exhaust turbine supercharger, comprising injecting water vapor set to a pressure higher than an exhaust pressure in the exhaust pipe for a predetermined time from a supply pipe connected to a position close to the exhaust inlet. . 2. The method for cleaning an exhaust turbine supercharger according to claim 1, wherein a surfactant is added to the water vapor. 3. A supply pipe, which is opened and connected to a position of an exhaust pipe connected to an exhaust inlet of an exhaust turbine supercharger, close to the exhaust inlet, and supplies steam into the exhaust pipe, A throttling device disposed in the middle of the supply pipe adjacent to a connecting portion between the pipe and the supply pipe; and a supply pipe disposed between the connecting portion between the exhaust pipe and the supply pipe and the throttling device. A cleaning device for an exhaust turbine supercharger, comprising: an injection valve provided. 4. The supply pipe is branched and connected from a steam pipe, and an opening / closing valve is provided in the supply pipe near a connecting portion between the supply pipe and the steam pipe, and the opening / closing valve is provided. A cleaning device for an exhaust turbine supercharger according to claim 3, wherein a part of the space between the expansion device and the expansion device is a flexible hose. 5. The opening / closing valve is formed with a leak hole having a predetermined size penetrating the valve body so that water vapor always leaks to the supply pipe side even when the opening / closing valve is closed. The cleaning device for an exhaust turbine supercharger according to claim 4, which is characterized in that. 6. The exhaust turbine supercharger according to claim 3, 4 or 5, wherein a surfactant supply device is connected between the expansion device and the injection valve in the supply pipe. Machine cleaning equipment.