JPH08320162A - Heat driving type heat pump apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a miniature and light weight apparatus. and ensure secure operation of a whole freezing cycle and hence improve thermal efficiency by making use of waste heat of an engine as a driving heat source without the need of using a motor using electricity as a driving source for starting a displacer of the freezing cycle, and selecting an optimum driving method in response to the conditions of the freezing cycle. CONSTITUTION: Taking notice of using driving force and waste heat of an engine 3 as a driving source of a displacer 10, there are provided heat exchge means (waste gas heat exchange means 2) for exchanging heat as a heat source of the engine 3, and driving force changeover means 5 provided between the displacer 10 and an output part 4 of the engine 3. In the early time of starting of a freezing cycle, the freezing cycle is driven by the output part 4 of the engine 3, and after the starting it is driven by energy of a heat source (waste gas) heat exchanged by the heat exchange means 2.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat-driven heat pump device, and more particularly to a heat-driven heat pump device employing a refrigerating cycle such as a Vilmier cycle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional heat-driven refrigerator, for example,
There is a Vilmier refrigerator that uses the Vilmier refrigeration cycle, but this refrigerator uses helium gas as a refrigerant gas without using CFC gas, and uses its high temperature side heat exchanger, medium temperature side heat exchanger and low temperature side heat exchanger. The self-sustaining operation can be performed by reciprocally moving the displacer by only heating the high temperature side heat exchanger part from the outside.

However, immediately after the operation of the refrigeration cycle is started, it is necessary to start the displacer by some means until the temperature distribution of the refrigerating machine main body reaches a steady state.

In the conventional Vilmier refrigerator, in order to start the displacer at the start of operation, an electric discharge is required as in, for example, JP-A-61-44254, JP-A-4-208362 or JP-A-4-353363. It used a drive starter motor and a linear motor.

By the way, if the freezing operation of the refrigerator starts,
Although the above-mentioned starting motors are unnecessary, it is necessary to equip such a starting motor and its control device, which is one of the causes for the increase in size and weight of the entire refrigerator.

Compared with the Stirling refrigerator, which is said to have the same refrigerating capacity as the Vilmier refrigerator,
The Wilmier refrigerator is said to have a large specific weight,
This is because it is necessary to equip a starting motor that is not directly related to the gas cycle.

Incidentally, if an electric power is used to drive the displacer, it cannot be said to be a perfect heat-driven refrigerator in a strict sense. Also, electric (electric motor) to start the displacer no matter how rich the heat source is.
There is a problem that without it the Wilmie refrigerator cannot operate it.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a heat-driven heat pump device which does not require the use of a motor driven by electricity as a power source for starting the displacer. The challenge is to provide.

Further, according to the present invention, exhaust heat of an engine or the like (not only exhaust heat from the engine itself but also exhaust gas, exhaust heat from a drive electric motor or a compressor, etc.) is used as a drive heat source of a refrigeration cycle, and a starting motor is used. An object of the present invention is to provide a small-sized and light-weight heat-driven heat pump device without being equipped.

Further, the present invention ensures a reliable operation of the refrigeration cycle and the entire system by selecting an optimum driving method according to the state of the refrigeration cycle, and
An object of the present invention is to provide a heat-driven heat pump device that can improve thermal efficiency or operation efficiency and is also effective for environmental protection.

[0011]

That is, the present invention uses a driving force of an engine and exhaust heat of exhaust gas thereof as a driving source of a displacer in a Vilmier refrigeration cycle, and a driving source depending on the state of the refrigeration cycle. Focusing on switching, the first invention is
A heat-driven heat pump device for driving a refrigeration cycle by reciprocating a displacer by heating, the heat exchanging means for exchanging heat with a heat source of an engine, and the heat dissipating means provided between the displacer and an output part of the engine. A driving force switching means, and at the initial stage of starting the refrigeration cycle, the refrigeration cycle is driven by the output section of the engine via the driving force switching means, and after the refrigeration cycle starts, the The heat-driven heat pump device is characterized in that the refrigeration cycle can be driven by the energy of the heat source exchanged by the heat exchange means.

The second aspect of the present invention focuses on providing heat source energy power conversion means such as exhaust energy power conversion means, and is a heat drive type heat pump device for driving the refrigeration cycle by reciprocating the displacer by heating. There are heat exchange means for exchanging heat with the heat source of the engine,
Heat source energy power conversion means for converting the energy of the heat source into power and capable of starting the refrigeration cycle, and driving force switching means provided between the displacer and the heat source energy power conversion means and the output part of the engine. And, in the initial stage of activation of the refrigeration cycle, the refrigeration cycle is driven by sequentially switching the output section of the engine and the heat source energy power conversion means via the driving force switching means, After the cycle is started, the refrigeration cycle can be driven by the energy of the heat source exchanged by the heat exchanging means, which is a heat-driven heat pump device.

[0013]

In the heat-driven heat pump device according to the present invention, heat exchange means such as exhaust gas heat exchange means for exchanging heat with exhaust gas of the engine or other exhaust heat (heat source) is provided, and exhaust gas or other exhaust heat is provided. It is possible to drive the refrigeration cycle using the heat source as a heating source, and the driving force switching means provided between the displacer of the refrigeration cycle and the output section of the engine is provided, so that the engine is directly It is possible to drive the refrigeration cycle, and it is not necessary to separately provide a starting motor or the like as in the conventional case, and it is possible to reduce the size and weight of the heat-driven heat pump device as a whole.

That is, in the initial stage of starting the refrigeration cycle,
The displacer of the refrigerating cycle is driven by the output part of the engine through the driving force switching means, and after the refrigerating cycle is started, the refrigerating cycle can be driven by the energy of the heat source such as exhaust gas heat-exchanged by the heat exchanging means. Therefore, a complete heat-driven heat pump device can be obtained.

Further, according to the second aspect of the invention, the heat source energy power conversion means such as the exhaust energy power conversion means capable of converting the energy of the heat source such as exhaust gas into power and starting the refrigeration cycle is provided. It is possible to drive the refrigeration cycle by this heat source energy power conversion means without using the starting motor as described above. Since the driving force switching means provided between the heat source energy power conversion means and the output portion of the engine is also provided, it is possible to directly drive the refrigeration cycle by the engine,
The optimum displacer drive source can be selected according to the state of the refrigeration cycle.

[0016]

EXAMPLE A heat-driven heat pump device 1 according to a first embodiment (first invention) of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 by taking an example in which exhaust gas is used as a heat source. explain. FIG. 1 is an overall explanatory view of the heat-driven heat pump device 1, wherein the heat-driven heat pump device 1 is
Exhaust gas heat exchange means 2 (heat exchange means), crankshaft output section 4 of engine 3 (engine output section), driving force switching means 5, Vilmier refrigerator 6, and drive control means 7
And, and the Vilmier refrigerator 6 is connected to the air conditioner 8.

The exhaust gas heat exchange means 2 employs, for example, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, which is used as an engine 3
Attached to the exhaust pipe 9 of. Thus, the energy of the exhaust gas heat-exchanged by the exhaust gas heat exchange means 2 can drive the Vilmier refrigerator 6.

The drive force switching means 5 employs a magnetic clutch or any other mechanism, and the drive force from the crankshaft output unit 4 can activate the displacer 10 of the Vilmier refrigerator 6.

The Vilmier refrigerator 6 has an L type (for example,
JP-A-61-44254, etc., or a single cylinder type (for example, JP-A-4-208362, JP-A-4-208362).
Any type can be adopted regardless of (-353363 etc.), and the cooling and heating operation is performed through the air conditioning device 8.

That is, this Vilmier refrigerator 6 has a high temperature side heat exchanger 11, an intermediate temperature side heat exchanger 12 and a low temperature side heat exchanger 13 together with a displacer 10, and the exhaust gas heat exchange means 2 as a heating source. Displacer 10
Is driven to exhibit the heat pump function of the known Vilmier refrigeration cycle.

The drive control means 7 controls the drive force switching means 5 and also controls the rotation speed Nr of the Vilmier refrigerator 6 (crank portion of the displacer 10) by the rotation sensor 1.
4 and the temperature Tc of the low temperature side heat exchanger 13 of the Vilmier refrigerator 6 is detected by the temperature sensor 15.

In the heat-driven heat pump apparatus 1 having such a structure, referring also to the flowchart of FIG. 2, at the initial stage of starting the refrigeration cycle, the driving force switching means 5 is used.
The Vilmier refrigerator 6 is started by the output unit (crankshaft output unit 4) of the engine via the.

That is, as shown in FIG. 2, it is confirmed whether the power of the engine is "ON" or "OFF" (step 1), and the rotation speed Nr of the Vilmier refrigerator 6 is the predetermined rotation speed N.
If it is equal to or lower than o (step 2), and if it is equal to or lower than the predetermined rotation speed No, in step 3, the displacer 10 of the Vilmier refrigerator 6 is started by directly connecting the engine through the crankshaft output part 4 and the driving force switching means 5. Then, start the refrigeration cycle.

After starting the refrigeration cycle, in step 4, it is judged whether the temperature Tr of the low temperature side heat exchanger 13 is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature To. If the temperature Tr of the low temperature side heat exchanger 13 has not decreased so much yet (that is, if it has not reached a steady state as a refrigeration cycle), in step 3, the displacer 10 of the Vilmier refrigerator 6 is started by directly connecting the engine to perform refrigeration. Drive cycle.

When the temperature Tr of the low temperature side heat exchanger 13 becomes equal to or lower than the predetermined temperature To in step 4, the driving force switching means 5 is switched and the exhaust gas heat exchange means 2 directly heat-drives the Vilmier refrigerator 6 (step 5).

Thus, when the refrigeration cycle (Wilmier refrigerator 6) is started, the displacer 10 can be started by the engine 3 (crankshaft output unit 4), so that a starting motor can be dispensed with. After the start-up, the energy of the exhaust gas heat-exchanged by the exhaust gas heat exchange means 2 can drive the Vilmier refrigerator 6, so that the exhaust gas of the discarded engine 3 can be effectively used.

In the present invention, the step of driving with exhaust energy in step 5 in the flow chart of FIG. 2 relating to the above-mentioned first invention can be made into two stages. That is, FIG. 3 is an overall explanatory view of the heat-driven heat pump device 20 according to the second embodiment (second invention) of the present invention. The heat-driven heat pump device 20 is the heat-driven heat pump device of FIG. 1, the exhaust energy power conversion means 21 (heat source energy power conversion means) and the speed reduction means 22 are provided, and the driving force switching means 23 corresponding to the driving force switching means 5 of FIG. 1 is provided.

The exhaust energy power conversion means 21 employs, for example, a gas turbine or the like, is provided in the exhaust pipe 9 to secure power, and is connected to the driving force switching means 23 via the speed reduction means 22.

The driving force switching means 23 is capable of sequentially switching the crankshaft output section 4 of the engine 3 and the exhaust energy power conversion means 21 when the displacer 10 is started.

In the heat-driven heat pump device 20 having such a structure, referring also to the flowchart of FIG. 4, in the initial stage of starting the refrigeration cycle, the driving force switching means 23 is the same as the heat-driven heat pump device 1 (FIG. 1). The Vilmier refrigerator 6 is started by the output unit (crankshaft output unit 4) of the engine via the.

That is, as shown in FIG. 4, it is confirmed whether the power of the engine is "ON" or "OFF" (step 1
1), the rotation speed Nr of the Vilmier refrigerator 6 is the predetermined rotation speed N.
It is determined whether or not it is equal to or less than o (step 12).
Further, the displacer 10 of the Vilmier refrigerator 6 is activated by directly connecting the engine via the driving force switching means 23 to activate the refrigeration cycle.

After starting the refrigeration cycle, step 12
If the rotation speed Nr becomes equal to or higher than the predetermined rotation speed No in step S14, the temperature T of the low temperature side heat exchanger 13 is determined in step S14.
It is determined whether r is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature To. Low temperature side heat exchanger 1
If the temperature Tr of 3 has not decreased so much yet (that is, has not reached a steady state as a refrigeration cycle),
As in step 15, the driving force switching means 23 is switched from the crankshaft output section 4 to the exhaust energy power conversion means 21, and the exhaust energy power conversion means 21 drives the displacer 10 of the Vilmier refrigerator 6 to drive the refrigeration cycle. To do.

In step 14, the low temperature side heat exchanger 13
When the temperature Tr becomes equal to or lower than the predetermined temperature To, the driving force switching means 23 is switched to directly drive the Vilmier refrigerator 6 by the exhaust gas heat exchange means 2 (step 16).

Therefore, according to the heat-driven heat pump device 20 of the present embodiment, the displacer 10 is started or driven by the crankshaft output unit 4 of the engine 3 or the exhaust energy according to the operating condition of the Vilmier refrigerator 6. It is possible to switch to any of the power conversion means 21.

It should be noted that the temperature of the high temperature side heat exchanger 11 or the intermediate temperature side heat exchanger 12 of the Vilmier refrigerator 6 is detected as the judgment data for switching the crankshaft output unit 4 or the exhaust energy power conversion means 21. You may

Thus, in the present invention, the exhaust heat energy of the exhaust gas of the engine in the automobile or other heat engine is used as the driving heat source of the refrigeration cycle. Therefore, if the heat pump device of the present invention is used in the air conditioner, The thermal efficiency of cooling and heating becomes infinite, and since no CFC refrigerant is used, there is no danger of ozone layer depletion and petroleum energy can be effectively used.
Moreover, since the load on the engine of the automobile is small, the fuel consumption can be improved.

The present invention can be applied to a refrigerating cycle which requires a power source such as a starting motor in addition to the heat source at the initial start-up, in addition to the Wilmie cycle, regardless of whether it is a single cylinder type or an L-type. . Further, as the heat source in the present invention, exhaust heat of the engine itself or exhaust heat from a drive electric motor or a compressor of an electric vehicle or the like can be used in addition to the above-mentioned exhaust gas.

[0038]

As described above, according to the present invention, a heat exchanging means capable of exchanging heat with a heat source such as exhaust gas is provided as a heat source for a refrigeration system such as a Vilmier refrigerator, so that exhaust heat of an engine is effectively used. In addition, since the output part of the engine or the heat source energy power conversion means is used when starting the refrigerator, it is not necessary to separately provide a starting motor, improving the net thermal efficiency,
In addition, the size and weight of the entire heat pump device can be reduced.

[0039]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall explanatory diagram of a heat-driven heat pump device 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention (first invention).

FIG. 2 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the same.

FIG. 3 is an overall explanatory view of a heat-driven heat pump device 20 according to a second embodiment of the present invention (second invention).

FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the same.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heat-driven heat pump device (FIG. 1) 2 Exhaust gas heat exchange means (heat exchange means) 3 Engine 4 Crankshaft output part of engine 3 (output part of engine) 5 Driving force switching means 6 Vilmier refrigerator 7 Drive control means 8 Air Conditioner 9 Exhaust Pipe of Engine 3 10 Displacer of Vilmier Refrigerator 11 High-Temperature Heat Exchanger of Vilmier Refrigerator 12 12 Medium-Temperature Heat Exchanger of Vilmier Refrigerator 13 Low-Temperature Heat Exchange of Vilmier Refrigerator 6 Device 14 Rotation sensor 15 Temperature sensor 20 Heat-driven heat pump device (Fig. 3) 21 Exhaust energy power conversion means (heat source energy power conversion means) 22 Reduction means 23 Driving force switching means

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A heat-driven heat pump device for driving a refrigeration cycle by reciprocating a displacer by heating, the heat exchanging means for exchanging heat with a heat source of an engine, and the displacer and an output part of the engine. And a driving force switching unit provided between the refrigeration cycle, and the driving unit is configured to drive the refrigeration cycle by the output unit of the engine via the driving force switching unit at an initial stage of activation of the refrigeration cycle. After the start-up, the heat-driven heat pump device is characterized in that the refrigeration cycle can be driven by the energy of the heat source that has exchanged heat with the heat exchange means. 2. A heat-driven heat pump device for driving a refrigeration cycle by reciprocating a displacer by heating, the heat exchanging means for exchanging heat with a heat source of an engine, and converting the energy of the heat source into motive power. A heat source energy power conversion means capable of starting the refrigeration cycle; and a driving force switching means provided between the displacer and the heat source energy power conversion means and the output part of the engine. At the initial stage of startup, the refrigerating cycle is driven by sequentially switching the output section of the engine and the heat source energy power converting means through the driving force switching means, and after starting the refrigerating cycle, the heat exchanging means. The refrigeration cycle can be driven by the energy of the heat source that has exchanged heat with A heat-driven heat pump device characterized in that