JPH08506661A - 磁性粒子の特異的結合による検定の方法および手段 - Google Patents
磁性粒子の特異的結合による検定の方法および手段Info
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- JPH08506661A JPH08506661A JP6517693A JP51769394A JPH08506661A JP H08506661 A JPH08506661 A JP H08506661A JP 6517693 A JP6517693 A JP 6517693A JP 51769394 A JP51769394 A JP 51769394A JP H08506661 A JPH08506661 A JP H08506661A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/28—Magnetic plugs and dipsticks
- B03C1/286—Magnetic plugs and dipsticks disposed at the inner circumference of a recipient, e.g. magnetic drain bolt
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/02—Burettes; Pipettes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
- G01N33/54313—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals the carrier being characterised by its particulate form
- G01N33/54326—Magnetic particles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
- G01N33/54366—Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/02—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor using a plurality of sample containers moved by a conveyor system past one or more treatment or analysis stations
- G01N35/026—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor using a plurality of sample containers moved by a conveyor system past one or more treatment or analysis stations having blocks or racks of reaction cells or cuvettes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2200/00—Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus
- B01L2200/06—Fluid handling related problems
- B01L2200/0647—Handling flowable solids, e.g. microscopic beads, cells, particles
- B01L2200/0657—Pipetting powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
- B01L2300/04—Closures and closing means
- B01L2300/041—Connecting closures to device or container
- B01L2300/044—Connecting closures to device or container pierceable, e.g. films, membranes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
- B01L2300/08—Geometry, shape and general structure
- B01L2300/0809—Geometry, shape and general structure rectangular shaped
- B01L2300/0829—Multi-well plates; Microtitration plates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
- B01L2300/08—Geometry, shape and general structure
- B01L2300/0848—Specific forms of parts of containers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
- B01L2300/16—Surface properties and coatings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
- B01L3/508—Rigid containers without fluid transport within
- B01L3/5085—Rigid containers without fluid transport within for multiple samples, e.g. microtitration plates
- B01L3/50853—Rigid containers without fluid transport within for multiple samples, e.g. microtitration plates with covers or lids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
- B03C2201/18—Magnetic separation whereby the particles are suspended in a liquid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/10—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices
- G01N2035/1027—General features of the devices
- G01N2035/1048—General features of the devices using the transfer device for another function
- G01N2035/1055—General features of the devices using the transfer device for another function for immobilising reagents, e.g. dried reagents
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/0098—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor involving analyte bound to insoluble magnetic carrier, e.g. using magnetic separation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/10—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices
- G01N35/1065—Multiple transfer devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
- G01N35/10—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices
- G01N35/1081—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices characterised by the means for relatively moving the transfer device and the containers in an horizontal plane
- G01N35/109—Devices for transferring samples or any liquids to, in, or from, the analysis apparatus, e.g. suction devices, injection devices characterised by the means for relatively moving the transfer device and the containers in an horizontal plane with two horizontal degrees of freedom
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10S436/806—Electrical property or magnetic property
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10S436/807—Apparatus included in process claim, e.g. physical support structures
- Y10S436/808—Automated or kit
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/25—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing including sample preparation
- Y10T436/25375—Liberation or purification of sample or separation of material from a sample [e.g., filtering, centrifuging, etc.]
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
- Automatic Analysis And Handling Materials Therefor (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1.被測定分析物を含むであろうサンプルが、容器に含まれる媒体中で、容器か ら離れている固相に結合している分析物用分離試薬と反応し、分析物−分離試薬 複合体を形成し、必要ならば1もしくは複数の中間段階が行われ、その結果、形 成されたいずれの複合体をも確定する測定方法であって、 該サンプルが固体粒子の外部表面の固相に結合した分離試薬と反応でき、 その反応後、該粒子が付着させられる移動器を用いて該粒子が容器から移さ れ、 必要ならば、1もしくは複数の中間段階用容器を経由して、該容器に含まれ る媒体中で中間段階を行い、そののち測定用容器に移され、 粒子が入れられ、そこで行われる測定段階に必要な媒体を含む少なくとも1 つの測定用容器で形成されたいずれの複合体もが検出されることを特徴とする測 定方法。 2.前記粒子が磁性粒子であり、該粒子が好ましくは磁石を用いて移動器に付着 させられることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項記載の方法。 3.前記媒体が少なくともある測定段階の容器中で撹拌されることを特徴とする 請求の範囲第1項または第2項のいずれかに記載の方法。 4.前記媒体が移動器を用いて、好ましくは移動器を垂直方向に動かすことによ って、撹拌されることを特徴とする請求の範囲第3項記載の方法。 5.1もしくは複数の測定段階、該段階から粒子がつぎの段階に移される、好ま しくは第1段階において、サンプルまたは形成されたいずれの複合体もが、容器 の壁または媒体に加えられ、容器中に残存する固相に結合した、のちの測定段階 を妨害するいずれの物質とも結合する物質と反応できることを特徴とする請求の 範囲第1項から第4項のいずれかに記載の方法。 6.容器から離れている固相に結合した分析物用分離試薬とサンプルを、容器に 含まれる媒体中で反応させることにより、分析物−分離試薬複合体を形成し、必 要ならば中間段階を行ない、そののち形成されたいずれの複合体をも確定するこ とによって、分析物を含んでいるであろうサンプルからの分析物を測定するため の装置であって、該装置が、 該装置に設置される反応容器(2)および外部表面で固相に分離試薬が結合 されている該反応容器のための粒子(8)、 形成されたいずれの複合体をも検出するための測定用容器および測定器、 媒体中で行われる中間段階のための1もしくは複数の容器、ならびに 容器から粒子を取り出し、それらを別の、測定段階で使用する媒体を含む少 なくとも1つの容器へ移すための移動器(3)およびその作動器 からなることを特徴とする装置。 7.粒子が磁性粒子(8)であり、反応後に粒子を移動器に付着させるために、 磁石(10)が移動器に連結されていることを特徴とする請求の範囲第6項記載 の 装置。 8.移動器が移動器の内部を垂直に動くことができる磁性的把握手段(11)か らなることを特徴とする請求の範囲第7項記載の装置。 9.密集した塊として、粒子を移動器に付着させるため、移動器表面が輪郭どら れた領域(36/13)を有することを特徴とする請求の範囲第7項または第8 項記載の装置。 10.液体の流れを促進するため、移動器の表面が本質的にどこででも下向きの斜 面であり、好ましくは、その最下部の尖端に鋭利な小瘤も備えられていることを 特徴とする請求の範囲第6項から第9項のいずれかに記載の装置。 11.容器中の媒体を撹拌するための撹拌器が備えられていることを特徴とする請 求の範囲第6項から第10項のいずれかに記載の装置。 12.移動器(3.1/3.2)が撹拌器として機能することを特徴とする請求の 範囲第11項記載の装置。 13.反応容器および少なくとももう1つの容器が測定に必要とされ、好ましくは 測定に必要なすべての容器が1つの容器ユニット(1)に連結されていることを 特徴とする請求の範囲第6項から第12項のいずれかに記載の装置。 14.容器から離れている固相に結合した分析物用分離試薬とサンプルを、容器に 含まれる媒体中で反応させることにより、分析物−分離試薬複合体を形成し、必 要ならば中間段階を行ない、そののち形成されたいずれの複合体をも確定するこ とによって、分析物を含んで いるであろうサンプルからの分析物を測定するために使用する1組の手段であっ て、該1組の手段が 反応容器(2)および外部表面で固相に分離試薬が結合されている該反応容 器のための固体粒子(8)、 媒体中で行われる中間段階のための1もしくは複数の容器(2)または形成 されたいずれの複合体をも検出するための測定用容器および 容器から粒子を除去し、それらを別の、測定段階に必要な媒体を含む少なく とも1つの容器へ移動するための移動器(3)からなることを特徴とする1組の 手段。 15.容器が測定に必要なすべての媒体を含むことを特徴とする請求の範囲第14 項記載の1組の手段。 16.少なくとも1つの容器、好ましくはすべての容器が、穿孔可能なフィルム( 28)を用いて閉じられていることを特徴とする、請求の範囲14項または第1 5項記載の1組の手段。 17.少なくともある閉じられた容器が不活性な気相を含むことを特徴とする請求 の範囲第16項記載の1組の手段。
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI930440 | 1993-02-01 | ||
| FI930440A FI930440A0 (fi) | 1993-02-01 | 1993-02-01 | Bestaemningsfoerfarande |
| FI932866 | 1993-06-21 | ||
| FI932866A FI932866A0 (fi) | 1993-06-21 | 1993-06-21 | Separeringsfoerfarande |
| PCT/FI1994/000048 WO1994018565A1 (en) | 1993-02-01 | 1994-02-01 | Method and means for magnetic particle specific binding assay |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28410099A Division JP3239999B2 (ja) | 1999-10-05 | 1999-10-05 | 磁性粒子の特異的結合による測定装置 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08506661A true JPH08506661A (ja) | 1996-07-16 |
| JP3142873B2 JP3142873B2 (ja) | 2001-03-07 |
Family
ID=26159425
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP06517693A Expired - Lifetime JP3142873B2 (ja) | 1993-02-01 | 1994-02-01 | 磁性粒子の特異的結合による検定の方法および装置 |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US6040192A (ja) |
| EP (2) | EP1130397B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP3142873B2 (ja) |
| DE (3) | DE1130397T1 (ja) |
| FI (1) | FI953669L (ja) |
| NO (1) | NO318762B1 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO1994018565A1 (ja) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3682302B2 (ja) * | 1996-05-20 | 2005-08-10 | プレシジョン・システム・サイエンス株式会社 | 分注機による磁性体粒子の制御方法およびその装置 |
| JP2009284912A (ja) * | 2003-08-21 | 2009-12-10 | Uk Government | 流体サンプル処理装置 |
| JP2010506172A (ja) * | 2006-10-06 | 2010-02-25 | プロメガ・コーポレーション | 磁性粒子を溶液から分離する装置および方法 |
| WO2011001647A1 (ja) * | 2009-06-30 | 2011-01-06 | ベックマン コールター, インコーポレイテッド | 自動分析装置および測定方法 |
| JP2011501194A (ja) * | 2007-10-25 | 2011-01-06 | アボット・ラボラトリーズ | 超高感度免疫アッセイを実施する方法 |
| JP2012168199A (ja) * | 2005-11-30 | 2012-09-06 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | 病原体検出バイオセンサー |
| US8835127B2 (en) | 2001-02-07 | 2014-09-16 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Optoelectronic detection system |
| US9005989B2 (en) | 2001-02-07 | 2015-04-14 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Optoelectronic detection system |
| US9291549B2 (en) | 2001-02-07 | 2016-03-22 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Pathogen detection biosensor |
| US9329194B2 (en) | 2007-11-05 | 2016-05-03 | Abbott Laboratories | Automated analyzer for clinical laboratory |
| WO2025126479A1 (ja) * | 2023-12-15 | 2025-06-19 | 株式会社日立ハイテク | 磁性粒子分離装置 |
Families Citing this family (87)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1130397B1 (en) * | 1993-02-01 | 2006-10-11 | Thermo Electron Oy | Equipment for determination of an analyte from a sample |
| FI930440A0 (fi) | 1993-02-01 | 1993-02-01 | Labsystems Oy | Bestaemningsfoerfarande |
| US5837144A (en) * | 1994-06-16 | 1998-11-17 | Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh | Method of magnetically separating liquid components |
| FI944937A0 (fi) * | 1994-10-20 | 1994-10-20 | Labsystems Oy | Separeringsanordning |
| FI944939A0 (fi) * | 1994-10-20 | 1994-10-20 | Labsystems Oy | Foerfarande foer separering av partiklar |
| FI944938A0 (fi) * | 1994-10-20 | 1994-10-20 | Labsystems Oy | Foerflyttningsanordning |
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| US9329194B2 (en) | 2007-11-05 | 2016-05-03 | Abbott Laboratories | Automated analyzer for clinical laboratory |
| WO2011001647A1 (ja) * | 2009-06-30 | 2011-01-06 | ベックマン コールター, インコーポレイテッド | 自動分析装置および測定方法 |
| WO2025126479A1 (ja) * | 2023-12-15 | 2025-06-19 | 株式会社日立ハイテク | 磁性粒子分離装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI953669A0 (fi) | 1995-08-01 |
| DE69434867D1 (de) | 2006-11-23 |
| NO318762B1 (no) | 2005-05-02 |
| FI953669A7 (fi) | 1995-08-01 |
| EP0681700A1 (en) | 1995-11-15 |
| US6447729B1 (en) | 2002-09-10 |
| EP1130397A3 (en) | 2004-01-14 |
| EP0681700B1 (en) | 2001-11-21 |
| DE69429159D1 (de) | 2002-01-03 |
| FI953669L (fi) | 1995-08-01 |
| DE1130397T1 (de) | 2002-04-04 |
| EP1130397B1 (en) | 2006-10-11 |
| DE69429159T2 (de) | 2002-08-14 |
| WO1994018565A1 (en) | 1994-08-18 |
| NO953014D0 (no) | 1995-07-31 |
| JP3142873B2 (ja) | 2001-03-07 |
| DE69434867T2 (de) | 2007-05-16 |
| NO953014L (no) | 1995-10-02 |
| US6040192A (en) | 2000-03-21 |
| EP1130397A2 (en) | 2001-09-05 |
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