JPH08510065A - 加速溶剤抽出系 - Google Patents
加速溶剤抽出系Info
- Publication number
- JPH08510065A JPH08510065A JP8502237A JP50223796A JPH08510065A JP H08510065 A JPH08510065 A JP H08510065A JP 8502237 A JP8502237 A JP 8502237A JP 50223796 A JP50223796 A JP 50223796A JP H08510065 A JPH08510065 A JP H08510065A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- extraction
- sample
- analyte
- organic solvent
- solvent system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000899 pressurised-fluid extraction Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- 239000012491 analyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 105
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical group CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011356 non-aqueous organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isooctane Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)(C)C NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FLTJDUOFAQWHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl pentane Natural products CCCCC(C)(C)C FLTJDUOFAQWHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Perchloroethylene Chemical group ClC(Cl)=C(Cl)Cl CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl-hexane Natural products CCCCCC(C)C JVSWJIKNEAIKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003071 polychlorinated biphenyls Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229950011008 tetrachloroethylene Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- -1 pi Peridine Chemical compound 0.000 claims 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 73
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000000944 Soxhlet extraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000012632 extractable Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000874 microwave-assisted extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012454 non-polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000020030 perry Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010002368 Anger Diseases 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000482268 Zea mays subsp. mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005251 capillar electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013351 cheese Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012468 concentrated sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004993 emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011067 equilibration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002778 food additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013373 food additive Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002391 heterocyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004255 ion exchange chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004811 liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004949 mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004005 nitrosamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005498 phthalate group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002952 polymeric resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000011888 snacks Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007928 solubilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005063 solubilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000527 sonication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000194 supercritical-fluid extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/0203—Solvent extraction of solids with a supercritical fluid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/0207—Control systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/0269—Solid material in other moving receptacles
- B01D11/0273—Solid material in other moving receptacles in rotating drums
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/028—Flow sheets
- B01D11/0284—Multistage extraction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- B01J20/043—Carbonates or bicarbonates, e.g. limestone, dolomite, aragonite
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
- B01J20/3202—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the carrier, support or substrate used for impregnation or coating
- B01J20/3204—Inorganic carriers, supports or substrates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
- B01J20/3231—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the coating or impregnating layer
- B01J20/3234—Inorganic material layers
- B01J20/3236—Inorganic material layers containing metal, other than zeolites, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, sulphides or salts
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/34—Purifying; Cleaning
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
- G01N1/4055—Concentrating samples by solubility techniques
- G01N2001/4061—Solvent extraction
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N2030/009—Extraction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/25—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing including sample preparation
- Y10T436/25375—Liberation or purification of sample or separation of material from a sample [e.g., filtering, centrifuging, etc.]
- Y10T436/255—Liberation or purification of sample or separation of material from a sample [e.g., filtering, centrifuging, etc.] including use of a solid sorbent, semipermeable membrane, or liquid extraction
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Non-Biological Materials By The Use Of Chemical Means (AREA)
- Cyclones (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1.有機分析物を試料から溶剤抽出する方法であって、 (a)超臨界条件よりも低い高温及び高圧下抽出セル内で非水有機溶媒系と接 触させた少なくとも1種の有機分析物を含む試料を前記有機分析物の少なくとも 一部を前記試料から抽出するのに十分な時間維持する工程であって、前記有機溶 媒系が温度及び圧力の標準条件下及び抽出中に液状である工程、及び (b)パージ流体を該抽出セルに流し込むことにより前記有機溶媒系に溶解し た前記分析物を除去する工程、 を含む方法。 2.有機分析物を試料から溶剤抽出する方法であって、 (a)超臨界状態よりも低い高温及び高圧下抽出セル内で非水有機溶媒系と接 触させた少なくとも1種の有機分析物を含む試料を前記有機分析物の少なくとも 一部を前記試料から抽出するのに十分な時間維持する工程であって、前記有機溶 媒系が温度及び圧力の標準条件下及び抽出中に液状であり、前記有機溶媒系の前 記抽出セルに対する容量比が5:1より大きくない工程、及び (b)パージ流体を該抽出セルに流し込むことにより前記有機溶媒系に溶解し た前記分析物を除去する工程、 を含む方法。 3.有機分析物を試料から溶剤抽出する方法であって、 (a)超臨界状態よりも低い高温及び高圧下抽出セル内で非水有機溶媒系と接 触させた少なくとも1種の有機分析物を含む試料を前記有機分析物の少なくとも 一部を前記試料から抽出するのに十分な時間維持する工程であって、前記有機溶 媒系が温度及び圧力の標準条件下及び抽出中に液状であり、前記有機溶媒系の前 記試料に対する容量比が5:1より大きくない工程、及び (b)パージ流体を該抽出セルに流し込むことにより前記有機溶媒系に溶解し た前記分析物を取り出す工程、 を含む方法。 4.有機分析物を試料から溶剤抽出する方法であって、超臨界状態よりも低い高 温及び高圧下抽出セル内で非水有機溶媒系を少なくとも1種の有機分析物を含 む試料に前記有機分析物の少なくとも一部を前記試料から抽出するのに十分な速 度で流し込む工程を含み、前記有機溶媒系が温度及び圧力の標準条件下及び抽出 中に液状であり、抽出中に用いられた有機溶媒の全量が前記抽出セルの容量の5 倍を超えない方法。 5.前記有機溶媒系が1種の有機溶媒を含む請求項2記載の方法。 6.前記有機溶媒系が少なくとも2種の有機溶媒を含む請求項2記載の方法。 7.前記有機溶媒系の平均粘度が25℃で約0.20〜約4.20cpsである請求 項2記載の方法。 8.前記有機溶媒系の室温における平均粘度の工程(a)の温度における平均粘 度に対する比率が約2〜約15であることを特徴とする請求項2記載の方法。 9.該圧力が約100〜2500psiである請求項2記載の方法。 10.前記試料が実質的に前記抽出セルを満たす請求項2又は3記載の方法。 11.前記抽出セルが、該試料と不活性充填剤を含む混合物で実質的に一杯である 請求項3記載の方法。 12.工程(a)の温度°Kが圧力の標準条件下該有機溶媒系の平均沸点°Kの温 度の約0.8〜2.0倍のレベルで維持される請求項2記載の方法。 13.工程(a)の条件を維持した15分後に、同一条件で更に1時間維持するこ とにより約10%より大きくない前記分析物が前記有機溶媒系に抽出される請求 項2記載の方法。 14.前記溶媒系の極性インデックスがペンタンの極性(極性インデックス0.0 )とジメチルスルホキシドの極性(極性インデックス7.2)との間にある請求 項2記載の方法。 15.前記溶媒系の誘電率がヘキサンの誘電率(1.88)と炭酸プロピレンの誘 電率(69.0)との間にある請求項2記載の方法。 16.前記溶剤系の双極子モーメントが0.0デバイのトリメチルペンタンの双極 子モーメントと4.09デバイのN−メチルピロリドンの双極子モーメントとの 間にある請求項2記載の方法。 17.前記溶媒系のアルミナによる溶離力がペンタンの溶離力(0.0)とメタノ ールの溶離力(0.95)との間にある請求項2記載の方法。 18.前記有機溶媒系において最高沸点を有する有機溶媒の沸点が圧力の標準状態 において100℃未満である請求項2記載の方法。 19.前記有機溶媒系における有機溶媒がペルクロロエチレン、イソオクタン、ヘ キサン、アセトン、塩化メチレン、トルエン、メタノール、クロロホルム、エタ ノール、テトラヒドロフラン、アセトニトリル、メチルエチルケトン、ペンタン 、N−メチルピロリドン、シクロヘキサン、ジメチルホルムアミド、キシレン、 酢酸エチル、クロロベンゼン、メトキシエタノール、モルホリン、ピリジン、ピ ペリジン、ジメチルスルホキシド、エトキシエタノール、イソプロパノール、炭 酸プロピレン、石油エーテル、ジエチルエーテル、ジオキサン及びその混合液か らなる群より選ばれる請求項2記載の方法。 20.前記有機溶媒が添加剤を含む請求項19記載の方法。 21.前記添加剤がトリフルオロ酢酸、クエン酸、酢酸、トリメチルアミン及び水 酸化トリメチルアンモニウムからなる群より選ばれる請求項20記載の方法。 22.前記パージ流体が不活性ガスを含み、前記方法が (c)前記不活性ガスの雰囲気下前記分析物を含む前記溶媒を容器に集める工 程、 を更に含む請求項2記載の方法。 23.前記有機溶媒のヒルデブランド溶解度パラメーターがペンタンの溶解度パラ メーター(7.05)とメタノールの溶解度パラメーター(14.0)との間にあ る請求項2記載の方法。 24.前記分析物が、農薬、除草剤、PCB、PAH及びガソリンからなる群より 選ばれる請求項2記載の方法。 25.該抽出セル内の温度が抽出中に約50〜150℃で維持される請求項2記載 の方法。 26.請求項1の方法又は他の抽出方法を用いて同じ試料を反復抽出することによ り、前記分析物の全量の10%を超えない量が引き続き抽出される請求項2記載 の方法。 27.前記分析物が検出される請求項2記載の方法。 28.工程(a)がマイクロ波エネルギーを存在させずに行われる請求項2記載の 方法。 29.前記十分な時間が約10分から約30分までの範囲にある請求項2記載の方 法。 30.前記流速が約0.1〜約0.5ml/分の範囲にある請求項4記載の方法。 31.工程(a)後、パージ流体の前にフラッシュ流体が前記セルに流し込まれる 請求項2記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/259,667 | 1994-06-14 | ||
| US08/259,667 US5843311A (en) | 1994-06-14 | 1994-06-14 | Accelerated solvent extraction method |
| US259,667 | 1994-06-14 | ||
| PCT/US1995/006936 WO1995034360A1 (en) | 1994-06-14 | 1995-05-31 | Accelerated solvent extraction system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH08510065A true JPH08510065A (ja) | 1996-10-22 |
| JP3032298B2 JP3032298B2 (ja) | 2000-04-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8502237A Expired - Lifetime JP3032298B2 (ja) | 1994-06-14 | 1995-05-31 | 加速溶剤抽出系 |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5843311A (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP0713417B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP3032298B2 (ja) |
| AT (1) | ATE204780T1 (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU683759B2 (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA2168250C (ja) |
| DE (1) | DE69522417T2 (ja) |
| DK (1) | DK0713417T3 (ja) |
| ES (1) | ES2161900T3 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO1995034360A1 (ja) |
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| CN114894593A (zh) | 2022-06-16 | 2022-08-12 | 赛默飞世尔(上海)仪器有限公司 | 样品制备系统及通过其从样品中萃取待分析物的方法 |
| EP4637944A2 (en) * | 2022-12-22 | 2025-10-29 | Unified Science Llc | Methods and apparatus for automated and continuous extraction of biomass |
| WO2025144546A1 (en) | 2023-12-26 | 2025-07-03 | Dionex Corporation | Apparatus for concomitant and parallel microsample extraction and microextract concentration |
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| US2733135A (en) * | 1956-01-31 | huckabay | ||
| FR704698A (fr) * | 1929-11-02 | 1931-05-23 | Procédé de désagrégation de substances fibreuses végétales en vue de l'obtention simultanée de la cellulose et des matières incrustantes | |
| US2037001A (en) * | 1934-07-18 | 1936-04-14 | Northwest Paper Company | Alcoholic treatment of ligneous cellulosic material |
| US3209676A (en) * | 1962-01-09 | 1965-10-05 | Melikian Inc Rudd | Coffee dispensing |
| US3327613A (en) * | 1964-04-24 | 1967-06-27 | Melikian Inc Rudd | Beverage brewing apparatus |
| US4554132A (en) * | 1979-03-19 | 1985-11-19 | Cem Corporation | Analytical apparatus for determining volatiles, solids, and solvent extractables in a sample |
| US4438816A (en) * | 1982-05-13 | 1984-03-27 | Uop Inc. | Process for recovery of hydrocarbons from oil shale |
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| US4770780A (en) * | 1984-04-25 | 1988-09-13 | Cf Systems Corporation | Liquid CO2 /cosolvent extraction |
| US5169968A (en) * | 1985-09-10 | 1992-12-08 | Vitamins, Inc. | Mass separation of liquid or soluble components from solid materials utilizing supercritical fluids |
| US5087360A (en) * | 1990-04-19 | 1992-02-11 | Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. | Field-portable apparatus and method for analytical supercritical fluid extraction of sorbent materials |
| JPH0643518B2 (ja) | 1989-08-25 | 1994-06-08 | バンドー化学株式会社 | 伝動ベルト |
| NL9000364A (nl) * | 1990-02-15 | 1991-09-02 | Tauw Infra Consult Bv | Inrichting voor de snelanalyse van teerkomponenten alsmede werkwijze voor een dergelijke analyse. |
| US5255205A (en) * | 1990-03-02 | 1993-10-19 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Method and apparatus for regulating fluid flow |
| US5133859A (en) * | 1990-03-02 | 1992-07-28 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Decoupled flow and pressure setpoints in an extraction instrument using compressible fluids |
| US5147551A (en) * | 1990-04-20 | 1992-09-15 | Dynatech Precision Sampling Corporation | Solids and semi-solids sampling apparatus, method, and fluid injection apparatus |
| US5053118A (en) * | 1990-07-02 | 1991-10-01 | Thomas Houser | Bitumen extraction from asphalt pavements |
| ES2082822T3 (es) * | 1990-11-16 | 1996-04-01 | United Kingdom Government | Extraccion por microondas de aceites volatiles y aparato para la misma. |
| US5170727A (en) * | 1991-03-29 | 1992-12-15 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Supercritical fluids as diluents in combustion of liquid fuels and waste materials |
| DE4129195A1 (de) * | 1991-09-03 | 1993-03-04 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Automatisierte bodenextraktion |
| DE4219195A1 (de) | 1992-06-12 | 1993-12-16 | Hans Josef May | Verfahren zur Herstellung von profilierten, emailbeschichteten Bändern oder Blechen sowie Einrichtung zur Durchführung solcher Verfahren |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006084204A (ja) * | 2004-09-14 | 2006-03-30 | Tokyo Electric Power Co Inc:The | 電線ケーブル中の有機塩素化合物の抽出方法およびこれを用いる有機塩素化合物の分析方法 |
| JP2016173328A (ja) * | 2015-03-17 | 2016-09-29 | 日本ポリプロ株式会社 | ポリオレフィン中に含まれる添加剤の定量分析方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE69522417T2 (de) | 2002-05-29 |
| JP3032298B2 (ja) | 2000-04-10 |
| EP0713417A4 (en) | 1997-12-10 |
| EP0713417B1 (en) | 2001-08-29 |
| WO1995034360A1 (en) | 1995-12-21 |
| CA2168250C (en) | 1999-11-30 |
| ATE204780T1 (de) | 2001-09-15 |
| US5843311A (en) | 1998-12-01 |
| AU683759B2 (en) | 1997-11-20 |
| AU2694895A (en) | 1996-01-05 |
| EP0713417A1 (en) | 1996-05-29 |
| ES2161900T3 (es) | 2001-12-16 |
| DK0713417T3 (da) | 2001-12-27 |
| CA2168250A1 (en) | 1995-12-21 |
| DE69522417D1 (de) | 2001-10-04 |
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