JPH085552B2 - Ejector from bottle - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a discharging device and a material storage unit for a material contained in a bottle (storage box), and is particularly suitable for measuring and discharging the material in the bottle. The invention is also suitable for handling materials that do not flow freely, such as wood chips.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Materials stored in bottles or hoppers require many processes and operations to be performed. If the material does not flow freely, a device is needed to discharge the material from the bottle or hopper. Conventionally, screw feeder, chain conveyor, stoker, slat conveyor
Many ejectors have been used, including, among others. When the conventionally known discharging device is combined with the hopper or the bin, the entire structure becomes complicated and the cost required for constructing the storage facility increases.

Most conventional ejectors operate in a substantially horizontal direction near the bottom in a bottle or hopper. As the material is carried out of the bin, it is discharged into the vertical discharge chute. Often, the bin or hopper floor is tilted in the opposite direction to the material flow. When it is necessary to control or meter the flow or discharge of material, a limited opening is often provided to discharge the material. By adjusting the size of this opening, the flow rate of the material is controlled. Horizontal movement of material, tilting material removal from the bin, and draining material through the metering opening requires a significant amount of energy consumption. The required energy is further increased when the stored and discharged material cannot be easily sheared. High shear forces often cause densification of the material near the metering point, which results in bridging across the bin and also interferes with the operation of the ejector. In addition, if the process used requires continuous flow from the exhaust, effective run time will be lost during removal of blockages or bridging.

Accordingly, a primary object of the present invention is to provide an ejector from a bin or hopper which is simple in construction and operation so that it can be installed in the bin or hopper with minimal cost. Is.

Another object of the present invention is the ejection from a bin or hopper which induces and controls the flow of material from the bin which is vertically accelerated by gravity, thereby reducing the energy required to eject the material from the bin. It is intended to provide a device.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a draining device from a bin or hopper that regulates the flow of material from the bin and also minimizes or prevents densification and bridging of the material on the drain. To do.

Another object of the invention is a device for discharging free-flowing material from a bottle or hopper which is particularly suitable for discharging wood chip wafers and which can have an optimum configuration for the material to be discharged. Is to provide.

Yet another object of the present invention is the metered flow of material from a bin or hopper that extends across the full width or length of the bin or hopper and without the use of a weighing gate or other limiting opening. The present invention seeks to provide a discharge device from a bin or hopper that forms a.

[0009]

The above and other objects can be achieved by the present invention having the structure described in each claim. These objects are also achieved in the present invention by providing a bottle or hopper having a bottom discharge opening across its entire length. A plurality of rolls is provided near the bottom of the hopper, the rolls, the upper
Corresponding to the type of material to be ejected so that the rolls are arranged in a row and a row, and the rolls move the material from the bins during the rotation to drop the material between the rolls and eject it outside the bin or hopper It has the same layout and shape. When the roll does not rotate , the opening to the bin outlet is located close
The closed lower rows of rolls are effectively closed, which prevents material from falling further out of the bottle.

The roll configuration, roll placement, and number of rolls are varied depending on the material stored in and discharged from the bottle. For example, a plurality of rolls having protrusions (ribs) are arranged in two rows in the vertical direction at the discharge portion of the hopper. Typically, a plurality of rolls of the lower row, the upper row double
It is located in an open space formed by several rolls. The roll has a protrusion extending in the radial direction. Roll rotates
Occasionally, the protrusions sway the material between adjacent rolls.
Let Also, when the lower row rolls do not rotate,
Prevent gravity movement of material from storage . The rolls can be arranged parallel to the longitudinal direction of the bottle opening or at right angles. In some cases, it may be particularly advantageous to position the rolls at an angle with respect to the discharge opening, either horizontally or vertically.

Also, a plurality of rolls in the upper row and a plurality of rolls in the lower row
A number of rolls are placed away from each other,
The rows of rolls rotate at different speeds by the driving
To be rolled. This allows multiple rows in the upper and lower rows.
Act on the material independently of each other,
The material inside the reservoir smoothly and effectively
Feed in the direction of the row and eject the rolls in the lower row.
The amount of material discharged to the outlet can be adjusted to a specified value.
it can.

In another variation, the roll can be conical rather than cylindrical. In yet another variation, the rolls comprise staggered cylinders alternating with alternating staggered cylinders of adjacent rolls or other such that adjacent rolls correspond to each other. It has a shape. For example, one roll is substantially concave and the other adjacent roll is convex.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description of the embodiments made with reference to the drawings.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Referring to the drawings and in particular to FIG.
It is a bottle or hopper that incorporates the discharging device 12 according to the present invention. The discharging device 12 is provided with the material 14 to the conveyor 16.
It is provided for the continuous and metered discharge of. The bottle 10 has parallel vertical walls 18 that limit the sides of the bottle 10.
20 and converging inclined walls 22 and 24 arranged between the vertical walls. The ejector 12 is located in the lower portion of the bin or hopper 10 and divides the bin into an upper reservoir and a lower ejector 28, generally indicated at 26. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the size and shape of the bin or hopper 10 can vary.
Above the slanted walls 22, 24, the walls of the bottle can be substantially vertical. The bins or hoppers may have all the walls as slanted walls, or only the vertical walls without slanted walls, which may be orthogonal at the corners, The cross section may be circular or elliptical so that no corners are provided. The present ejector can be applied to any shape of bin or hopper with equally effective results.

The discharge device 12 allows the material to be stored 26
Through the discharge unit 28 and falls onto the conveyor 16. The conveyor shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a belt conveyor having an endless rotating receiving belt 30 guided by a rotating roll at the end, one of the rotating rolls being designated by 32. In addition to this, an idler guide roll 34 is installed in the loop of the belt 30. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other types of conveyors such as sheet metal conveyors (slat conveyors), augers, etc. may be provided at the bottom of the bin 10 for receiving and transporting material from the bin 10. In some cases it may be advantageous to provide a loading chute below the bin for transporting material from the bin to trucks, rail cars, etc., and in other cases below the bin 10 a classification screen. Alternatively, it is advantageous to provide another processing device.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the discharge device 12
Is the upper row of rolls 40, 42, 44, 46,
And away from the upper row of the roll also Chi the diameter of the inner roll 52 paired with the large diameter of the outer rolls 48 and 50
With a lower row of rolls arranged . The lower row of rolls are arranged to impede the flow of material along the material flow path formed by the upper row of rolls. In this way, the roll 48 is indicated by the arrow 55 and the rolls 4 in the upper row are
It is located in the vertical flow path of material formed by 0, 42. A pair of small diameter lower rows of rolls 52, 54
Are arranged in the vertical flow path of material formed by the upper rows of rolls 42, 44, which is indicated by arrow 57. 1
It can also be used instead of the small-diameter lower column of b <br/> Lumpur 52 paired a roll of pieces of the lower row of large diameter. In the lower row
Rolls are vertical lines in the space between adjacent rolls in the upper row
Centered on or placed symmetrically to the vertical
It The lower rows of rolls also cross each other across the ejector 28.
Placed in close proximity . For certain materials, it may be advantageous to use multiple rolls of different dimensions in either the upper row or the lower row. Therefore, it is not always necessary or desirable in some cases to have all of the upper rows of rolls of the same size. In some situations, it may be advantageous to have more than two roll rows, and additional rows may be provided below the lower row or above the upper row shown in FIG.

Each roll extends from one side wall to the other side wall of the bin and is journaled at its ends by bearings 58. Floating bearings can be used to support the rolls and prevent damage due to passage of large or hard material through the ejector.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, each roll is substantially smooth and cylindrical and has outwardly projecting nodes or spikes 60 on its surface. The knots or spikes 60 serve to scrape and move the material and also move the material out of the storage section and into the flow path between adjacent rolls.

The rolls can be arranged horizontally, or they can be tilted from front to back as shown by the dotted lines in FIG. 2, or vice versa. The rolls can be placed between any of the opposing walls of the bin or hopper. For example, in a rectangular shaped bin or hopper, short rolls can be placed between the opposing long walls of the bin, or long rolls can be placed between the opposing short walls. In some cases, it may be advantageous to position the roll at an angle with respect to the wall of the bin.

As shown by the arrow in each roll in FIG. 1, the rolls adjacent to each other are in the opposite direction and in the upper row.
And the lower row rolls rotate at different speeds . This rotational relationship is effective for granular or powdery materials,
In other cases where the material has different flow characteristics, the roll pattern of rotation can be varied. While it is possible to rotate each roll at the same peripheral speed, it may be advantageous to rotate the rolls at different speeds. The various arrangements described herein may be employed depending on the flowability, repose angle, size, bulk density, and other characteristics of the material stored in the bottle. From this point of view, the rolls can each rotate at a constant speed or at different speeds.

FIG. 3 shows a pair of or adjacent rolls 63, 63a of the ejector shown in FIGS. As shown, the rolls are adjacent to each other in the horizontal plane or the vertical plane. Although a substantially cylindrical roll is shown, other roll shapes may be employed. FIG. 4 shows generally conical rolls 64, 64a facing in opposite directions. In FIG. 5, each roll is shown as an adjacent roll of interleaved alternating cylinders having a central or shaft 65 and a large diameter cylindrical portion 66. Adjacent portions 66 provided on the shafts 65 are spaced apart from each other so as to sandwich the portions extending from the adjacent shafts. In FIG. 6, the concave roll 67 and the convex roll 68 which oppose are shown. Each roll is shown as having a knot or spike 60 thereon. The placement pattern, proximity, shape and length of the nodes or spikes can be varied depending on the properties of the material being stored.

The rotation directions of the adjacent rolls in each embodiment may be the same or opposite. In order to expel certain materials that tend to be densified, all rolls are rotated in the same direction and periodically to eliminate pinching or pushing of material close to contact surfaces such as bottle walls. It is advantageous to reverse the direction of rotation. For a sandwiched plate or pocket, adjacent rolls must rotate in opposite directions. As in the previous embodiment,
With respect to the longitudinal direction of the hopper or bin, the roll can be arranged in its longitudinal direction, at right angles to the longitudinal direction or at an angle to the longitudinal direction. The axis of each roll can also be arranged horizontally, can also be arranged from the front to the rear, or from the rear inclined rolls to be inclined forward.

[0023] In each example, the rotational speed of the roll is
Affects the discharge flow rate of material through the discharge device. By the time the metering of the material is required, the adjacent roll controls the free flow of the material to be discharged, in terms of capturing the volume of uniform discontinuous materials are most effective. Distribute in close proximity
The lower row of rolls placed in the lower row is heavy when the rolls do not rotate.
The action of force prevents the material from moving downwards.
In addition, when the rolls in the lower row rotate, they are granular, powdery, etc.
As an effective and accurate weighing device for
It is possible to adjust the discharge amount of the material to the discharge part.
Wear.

As shown in FIG. 2, a suitable drive train 110 connected to a rotary drive source 112 is provided for rotating each roll. The type of drive train required, the rotary drive source, etc. are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described further here.

During operation of the apparatus according to the present invention, material is fed and stored in a bottle or hopper and falls by gravity to the bottom of storage 26. No material will fall from the bin or hopper unless the ejector roll is rotated. The shape and placement of the roll, the type of knots and protrusions on the roll, etc. are selected according to the type and characteristics of the material being stored. The inclination of the flow path formed by the rolls is set smaller than the rest angle of the material, which prevents gravity flow of the material from the hopper.

When it is desired to remove material from the bin or hopper, the rotary drive source 112 is activated and the drive train transmits power to each of the ejector driven rolls. When the rolls rotate, the material is discharged from the bottom of the storage unit 26 through the discharge unit 28 between the rolls to the conveyor 16. The material is conveyed by the conveyor to the desired location. When the roll stops rotating, the free flow of material from the bottle is impeded by the roll. Roll the lower row
The close proximity physically closes the outlet of substantially the entire bin. Although suitable for non-flowable materials such as wood chips, the present invention also works well for granular or powdered materials. The speed of rotation of the rolls influences the discharge rate of the device, and effective metering of the outflow of material from the bottle is done without densification or bridging. All of the material released from storage 26 flows from the bin or hopper, and metering is done by the rate at which the roll draws material from the outlet. Since the device covers a large area and forms a bottom with respect to the reservoir in the part of the bottle that is virtually unrestricted, no bridging of material occurs above the discharge device.

Although some embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, various modifications can be made within the scope defined by the claims.

[0028]

As described above, by providing the structure described in each of the claims, the present invention induces and controls the flow of the material in the bottle (or hopper) to reduce the required energy. It is possible to prevent densification of material and occurrence of bridging in the discharge part of the bottle,
And a metered flow of material can be formed in the bottle without the use of metering gates or restriction openings. Moreover, the discharging device according to the present invention has a simple structure and can be mounted on the bottle at a minimum cost.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a discharge part of a hopper using a discharge device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of adjacent rolls of the discharging device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a roll pair of the discharging device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a roll pair according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a roll pair according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 bottle or hopper 12 discharge device 14 material 16 conveyor 18,20 vertical wall 22,24 inclined wall 26 storage section 28 discharge section 30 receiving belt 40, 42, 44, 46, 48, 50, 52, 54 roll 58 bearing 60 section Or spike 63,63a Adjacent roll 64,64a Conical roll 65 Shaft 66 Cylindrical part 67 Concave roll 68 Convex roll 110 Drive train 112 Rotation drive source

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A disposed adjacent to the lower portion of the bottle, or
Upper rolls and lower rolls.
Multiple rolls consisting of
The bottles and the rolls above the upper row of rolls
Of the lower row of outlets of the lower row
The plurality of rolls is a space between adjacent rolls in the upper row.
Centered on a vertical line within or symmetrical to the vertical line
Is located at the same time from the storage section to the discharge section.
The movement of the material due to gravity is prevented, and the compound in the lower row is
A number of rolls are placed close to each other across the discharge
And located away from the rolls in the upper row
Multiple rolls; agitating the material stored in the bottle between the rolls
Rocking means for forming protrusions on the roll surface; and connected to the roll for rotating the roll.
The material stored in the bottle is shaken to move the material to the storage unit.
Gravity transfer of material between the rolls to the discharge section
The rolls of the upper row and the lower row while promoting movement.
And the lower row to rotate at different speeds
Discharging device from the bottle, characterized in that it comprises a; plurality of driving means which are operatively connected to the roll of. 2. An upper row of the rolls and a lower row of the rolls.
Horizontally arranged adjacent rows in at least one of the columns
Are connected to the drive means such that each roll is next to it in the same row.
The bin discharging device according to claim 1, wherein the device is rotated in the opposite direction to the contact roll . 3. An upper row of the rolls and a lower row of the rolls.
Discharging device from the bottle according to claim 1, columns adjacent roll characterized in that the rotate in opposite directions. 4. At least some of the upper rows of said rolls
Rolls of at least some of the rolls in the lower row of the rolls
2. The bin ejection device of claim 1 , wherein the device is rotated in a direction opposite to some of the rolls .