JPH0862338A - Non-destructive inspecting device for track banking part, and trolley therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To provide a non-destructive inspecting device for track banking part which can easily judge abnormal position even when sleeper or rail is present, and can be mounted and easily moved on a track to measure also the periphery of the track. CONSTITUTION: Every time when a reflection data signal in a track banking is received from a control part, high-speed Fourier transform (FFT) processing (step 130) is carried out to provide a frequency area data. Frequencies lower than 70MHz are removed by filter processing (step 140), and the data is returned to a time area data by a reverse FFT processing (step 150). Such a data is accumulated. The accumulated data is outputted to a color printer (step 180), and a processing for taking the input order of the data as the horizontal axis and the time as the vertical axis, and printing while changing the hue according to the intensity is performed. Consequently, the influence of PC sleeper or rail is removed, and the judgment of abnormality such as void is facilitated.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a non-destructive inspection apparatus, and more particularly, it radiates radio waves into an orbital embankment, receives reflected waves from the orbital embankment to obtain reflection data, and based on the reflection data. The present invention relates to a track embankment non-destructive inspection device for nondestructive inspection of the inside of the track embankment, and a rail car for a track embankment nondestructive inspection device that is movable on the track while mounting and inspecting the track embankment nondestructive inspection device. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Underground exploration radar can inspect the underground condition nondestructively by emitting a radio wave into the ground and then obtaining a reflected wave of the target to image a target such as a cavity. It is a device. Therefore, it is expected that it will be possible to efficiently inspect the embankment or its surroundings when it is used for railway tracks.

[0003]

However, when the inside of a railroad track is inspected using an underground survey radar, the influence of rails or sleepers that are indispensable for the railroad track, for example, PC sleepers in the case of sleepers becomes a problem. In particular, when a large antenna (200 MHz) is used and measurement is performed in the time range of 100 ns and 200 ns, a strong multiple reflection signal from the PC sleeper is superimposed on the reflection signal from the abnormal portion. This state is shown in FIG. Originally, there is a cavity around 1.8 m directly below the horizontal distance of 0 m to 3 m, but as shown in FIG. 9, reflection from the PC sleepers is superimposed, and it is difficult to determine the abnormal portion.

[0004] In addition, when the existing underground exploration radar is used for a railway facility, its antenna is a trolley, so that it cannot travel well on the track, and furthermore, it can run around the track, for example, gravel shoulders and vertical lines. It is also difficult to measure the situation between. The present invention, even if there are sleepers, rails, etc., the track embankment non-destructive inspection device that is easy to determine an abnormal point, and the track embankment non-destructive inspection device is attached to easily move on the track,
The purpose is to provide a rail car that can measure the periphery of the track.

[0005]

According to the first aspect of the present invention,
A non-destructive orbital embankment inspection device that radiates radio waves into the orbital embankment, receives reflected waves from the orbital embankment to obtain reflection data, and nondestructively inspects the orbital embankment based on the reflection data. And a Fourier transform means for Fourier transforming the reflection data from the time domain data to the frequency domain data, and a filter for removing the reflection frequency component of the sleeper or the rail from the reflection data converted to the frequency domain data by the Fourier transform means. Means and an inverse Fourier transform means for performing an inverse Fourier transform of the reflection data from which the reflection frequency components of the sleepers or rails have been removed from the frequency domain data to the time domain data by means of an inverse Fourier transform means. This is a non-destructive inspection device.

The invention described in claim 2 is the non-destructive inspection apparatus for a track embankment according to claim 1, wherein the frequency removed by the filter means is 50 MHz and its vicinity. The invention described in claim 3 is the non-destructive inspection apparatus for track embankment according to claim 1, wherein the frequency removed by the filter means is 70 ± 10 MHz or less.

According to the invention of claim 4, from both sides of the main body,
It has two wing parts projecting out of the orbit and both of these wing parts radiate radio waves into the orbital embankment provided in the non-destructive inspection device for orbital embankment part according to any one of claims 1 to 3 A rail car for a non-destructive inspection device for a railroad embankment, characterized in that antennas for receiving reflected waves from the respective are attached.

The invention according to claim 5 further radiates radio waves into the orbital embankment provided in the non-destructive inspection apparatus for orbital embankment portion according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in the main body to radiate radio waves into the orbital embankment. The rail car for a non-destructive inspection device for a rail embankment according to claim 4, wherein an antenna portion for receiving a reflected wave from the vehicle is attached.

[0009]

FUNCTION AND EFFECT OF THE INVENTION Rails, PC sleepers and the like easily reflect radio waves of a specific frequency. Therefore, in the invention described in claim 1, first, the Fourier transform means Fourier transforms the reflection data from the time domain data to the frequency domain data, and then the filter means transforms the reflection data into the frequency domain data by the Fourier transform means. Remove the reflected frequency components of the sleepers or rails. Therefore,
The reflection data from which the reflected frequency components of the sleepers or rails have been removed can be inverse-Fourier-transformed from the frequency domain data to the time-domain data by the inverse Fourier transforming means, and the reflection data of the sleepers or rails can be converted from the reflection data before the Fourier transform. It is possible to obtain reflection data from which frequency components have been removed.

Therefore, it is possible to obtain reflection data in which cavities and the like inside the track embankment are clearly shown, and it is easy to determine an abnormal portion even if there are sleepers, rails, or the like. In particular,
Since the reflection frequency component of the sleeper or rail is in the vicinity of 50 MHz, it is preferable that the frequency removed by the filter means is in the vicinity of 50 MHz.

The reflection component of the cavity is about 100 to 130 MHz.
Therefore, 70 MHz or less may be removed. Ie 7
The filter value 0 may be 0 MHz or less. Also 70M
When removing less than Hz, 100 MHz or more is not removed at all, that is, the filter value is 1, and 70 MHz to 100 MH
z may increase the filter value sequentially from 0 to 1 linearly or curvilinearly. This area to raise sequentially,
It may be brought to the boundary between the frequency of the reflection component of the cavity and the reflection component of the PC sleeper or rail. Also, not the above values, but ±
It may be a value within the range of 10 MHz. That is, 70 ± 10M
It is possible to set the filter value to 0 Hz or less, 70 ± 10 MH
When removing z or less, 100 ± 10 MHz or more is not removed at all, that is, the filter value is 1 and 70 ± 10 MHz
At 100 ± 10 MHz, the filter value may be sequentially increased linearly or curvedly from 0 to 1.

As the Fourier transform and the inverse Fourier transform, in particular, the fast (inverse) Fourier transform is performed.
It is preferable for improving the processing speed and performing efficient nondestructive inspection. Further, if the track embankment non-destructive inspection device is mounted on a vehicle equipped with a track wheel and movable on the track, the track embankment non-destructive inspection can be easily moved on the track, and the track embankment non-destructive inspection can be made more efficient.

In particular, a rail car for a track embankment nondestructive inspection device has two wings that protrude out of the track from both sides of the main body, and both wings have a track embankment nondestructive inspection device. If antennas that radiate radio waves into the orbital embankment provided and receive reflected waves from the orbital embankment are respectively attached, the antenna parts are arranged so as to project around the orbital embankment. It is possible to perform precise inspections around the gravel shoulders and the orbits around the upper and lower lines.

Furthermore, if the antenna portion is attached to the main body, the central portion of the track can be inspected at the same time, and very efficient nondestructive inspection can be performed.

[0015]

【Example】

[Embodiment 1] FIGS. 1 and 2 show the configuration of a track embankment nondestructive inspection apparatus 2 as an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram thereof.

The track embankment nondestructive inspection device 2 comprises an antenna unit 4, a control unit 6 which is a main body, a data recorder 8, a computer 10 and a color printer 12. The antenna unit 4 includes a transmission antenna 4a and a reception antenna 4b, and the control unit 6 includes a pulse oscillator 6a, a detection signal amplifier 6b, a sampler 6c, and a processing timing generator 6d.

The transmitting antenna 4a obtains an oscillation signal from the pulse oscillator 6a with the timing signal of the processing timing generator 6d and radiates a radio wave into the ground. Targets such as cavities 14
The radio wave reflected by is detected by the receiving antenna 4b. This detection signal is amplified by the amplifier 6b, is a timing signal of the processing timing generator 6d, is sampled by the sampler 6c, and is recorded in the data recorder 8.

The sampler 6c is the computer 10
It also outputs sampling data. The computer 10 is provided with an A / D converter 10a and an arithmetic processing unit 10b. The A / D converter 10a converts sampling data that is analog data into a digital signal,
Based on the A / D converted sampling data,
The arithmetic processing unit 10b performs the processing described below. Next, the image data of the reflected radio wave as the calculation result is output to the color printer 12. Analyzing this image reveals anomalies in the ground. The arithmetic processing unit 10b is
It is composed of a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, an I / O, a bus line, and the like, and executes a predetermined process based on a program stored in the ROM, a hard disk, a floppy disk, or the like. Here, the specific frequency component removing process described below is executed. The specific frequency component removal processing is shown in FIG.

When the processing of the computer 10 is started by turning on the power source or the like, first, initial setting is made (step 110). Here, processing such as securing a work area in the RAM and setting an initial value at a predetermined address necessary for calculation is executed. Next, it is determined whether or not the reflection data for each sampling is received from the sampler 6c via the A / D converter 10a (step 120). Waiting for the completion of reception by making a negative determination until the reception of data, when the reception of one sampling data is completed, an affirmative determination is made in step 120, and then FFT processing is performed (step 130). Here, the sampled reflection data is subjected to a fast Fourier transform (FFT) process, and the data represented by each frequency domain data is extracted from the reflection data represented by the time domain data. Since the specific processing contents of the fast Fourier transform itself are generally well known, the description of the fast Fourier transform itself is omitted here.

The sampled reflection data represented by the time domain data is shown in FIG. 5 (a1).
The vertical axis is the time axis and represents 0 to 200 ns. The FFT processing of this reflection data to obtain frequency domain data is shown in FIG. 5 (a2). The vertical axis is the frequency axis, and 0 to 750 MHz is shown.

FIGS. 5 (a1) and 5 (a2) show measurement examples of railroad tracks in the case where neither influence of PC sleepers nor influence of rails exists. The reflection data in the presence of the PC sleeper is as shown in FIG. 5 (b1), and the result of the FFT processing shows a remarkable peak at around 50 MHz as shown in FIG. 5 (b2).

After the FFT processing in step 130, filter processing is performed (step 140). Here, in FIG.
Filter processing is performed by the filter table as shown in the graph. That is, for less than 70 MHz,
The filter value is 0.0, the filter value is 1.0 at 100 MHz or higher, and 0 ..
A process of linearly changing the filter value from 0 to 1.0 is performed. This is done by calculating the product of the intensity of the frequency component and the filter value for each frequency component.

For example, when the reflection data after the FFT processing shown in FIG. 5 (b2) is filtered with the filter value of FIG. 7, it becomes as shown in FIG. 6 (a2). Step 140
Inverse fast Fourier transform (inverse FFT) after filtering
Processing is performed (step 150). Here, FFT
The reflection data that has been subjected to the processing (step 130) and the filtering processing (step 140) is converted into the reflection data represented by the time domain data again by the inverse FFT processing. Since the specific processing contents of the inverse fast Fourier transform itself are generally well known, the description of the inverse fast Fourier transform itself is omitted here.

The reflection data shown in FIG.
The FT-processed product is shown in FIG. Next, FFT
Process (step 130), Filter process (step 14)
0) and the inverse FFT processing (step 150) for one sampling data are recorded (step 160).
The record may be stored in the RAM of the arithmetic processing unit 10b, or may be stored in a hard disk or a floppy disk.

Next, it is judged whether or not the process is to be ended (step 170), but if there is no instruction signal indicating that the process is to be ended, in order to receive the next reflection data from the sampler 6c and repeat the above process, The process returns to step 120.
Thus, every time the signal from the control unit 6 is received, the FFT is performed.
Process (step 130), Filter process (step 14)
0) and the data subjected to the inverse FFT processing (step 150) are accumulated.

If an instruction to finish is input from the keyboard of the computer 10 or the like, an affirmative decision is made in step 170, and the next accumulated data is output to the color printer 12 (step 180). That is, a process of printing the accumulated data by changing the hue according to the intensity with the horizontal axis of the data input order and the vertical axis of time is performed.

The results are shown in FIG. In addition, the track embankment non-destructive inspection device 2 is attached to a track truck to be described later,
Since the measurement was performed while moving on the orbit, the horizontal axis shows the input order converted to the distance. The vertical axis shows the time axis on the right side, while the left side shows the distance obtained by converting the time into the underground depth of the track.

When the specific frequency component removing process of FIG. 4 is not executed for the same reflection data, the influence of the PC sleepers remains large as shown in FIG. 9, and it is very difficult to understand. However, according to the processing of this embodiment, the existence of the cavity can be clearly seen as shown in FIG. In this way, it is possible to obtain reflection data in which cavities and the like inside the track embankment are clearly displayed, and it is easy to determine the abnormal portion even if there are sleepers, rails, or the like.

[Embodiment 2] Next, FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a non-destructive inspection apparatus for a track embankment portion and a trolley to be measured on a railway track. 3A is a plan view, and FIG. 3B is a front view. The track embankment nondestructive inspection device 20 has three antenna units 24, 26, and 28. These three antenna units 24, 26, 28 are the antenna units 4 of the first embodiment.
As in the case of the first embodiment, an oscillation signal from the pulse oscillator of the control unit 30 is obtained via the connection line 29, and radio waves are radiated into the ground and reflected. Receive radio waves. This detection signal is connected to the connection line 29.
Is input to the control unit 30 via the amplifier, amplified by the amplifier and sampled by the sampler as in the first embodiment.
It is recorded in the data recorder 32 every 4, 26 and 28.

The antenna parts 24, 26 and 28 are mounted on the antenna carriage 34. The antenna carriage 34 has a main body 38 having a track wheel 36, and two wing portions 40 and 42 projecting out of the track from both sides of the main body 38. The antenna parts 24 and 28 are attached to the both wing parts 40 and 42, respectively, and the one antenna part 26 is attached to the main body 38. By combining rod-shaped frame members with the wing portions 40, 42 and the main body 38 and supporting the antenna portions 24, 26, 28 in the periphery thereof, most of the lower surfaces of the antenna portions 24, 26, 28 are against the track surface. Exposed. As a result, the measurement can be performed without being affected by the antenna carriage 34.

With such a configuration, the non-destructive inspection device 20 for the track embankment radiates radio waves into the track embankment between the one antenna portion 26 and the rail R, and receives the reflected wave from the track embankment. . Further, radio waves are radiated from the antenna parts 24 and 28 of the wing parts 40 and 42 on both sides to the periphery of the embankment on the outer side of the rail R, and the reflected waves from the periphery of the orbit are received.

The control unit 30 and the data recorder 32 are
It is arranged together with the generator 48 in a control unit carriage 46 having track wheels 44, which is different from the antenna carriage 34.
The antenna unit 26 that radiates radio waves and receives reflected waves in the orbital embankment between the rails R can obtain the reflection data shown in FIG. 5B1 in the first embodiment. The reflection data is stored in the data recorder 32, and after the on-site measurement work is completed, the data recorder 32 is connected to the computer 10 via the control unit 30 to remove the specific frequency component shown in FIG. If the processing is executed, FIG. 5 (b2) → FIG.
If the process of (a2) → (a1) in FIG. 6 is performed in order to eliminate the influence of the PC sleepers W and finally the data is continuously displayed on the color printer 12, the result of FIG. 8 can be obtained.

The antenna parts 24 of the wings 40, 42 on both sides,
In the case of No. 28, the same processing is performed, and the measurement result can be obtained as shown in FIG. 8 around the track such as the gravel shoulder of the track embankment portion or between the upper limit lines. In the case of the antenna parts 24 and 28 of the wings 40 and 42, the influence of the PC sleepers W is small, and therefore the output of the data recorder 32 may be A / D converted and output to the color printer 12. Of course, outside the rail R, the influence of objects other than the PC sleepers W may be considered, so it is better to carry out the specific frequency component removal processing of FIG.

[Others] In each of the above embodiments, the processing timing generator 6d is timed, but it rotates in conjunction with the encoder that rotates the moving distance on the track R on the rail R or the track wheel 36. It is also possible to provide an encoder for controlling the output of the encoder as a processing timing signal. That is, the reflection data may be detected and recorded for each predetermined output of the encoder.

Although the computer 10 obtains the data from the data recorder 8 via the sampler 6c, it may obtain the data directly from the data recorder 8 as shown by the chain double-dashed lines in FIGS. Further, in the first embodiment, with respect to the reflection data received for each sampling by the sampler 6c,
Although the processing of steps 130 to 160 was immediately executed, the following processing may be performed. That is, step 12
0 is sequentially reflected from the total reflection data recorded in the data recorder 8 one by one, and the reflection data is sequentially calculated one by one.
The processing may be read to the side, and step 170 may be processing to determine whether or not the reflection data has ended. In this way, after performing the work of detecting the electric wave reflected by the transmitting antenna 4a while radiating the electric wave into the ground by the receiving antenna 4b and recording the electric wave in the data recorder 8 to the track embankment,
The recorded reflection data can be processed collectively. In addition, the computer 10 previously inputs the reflection data from the sampler 6c or the recording reflection data from the data recorder 8 and stores it in an external storage device such as a hard disk or a floppy disk, and then only the processing in the computer 10 is performed. Then, the reflection data may be collectively processed.

The computer 10 can be realized by incorporating a circuit board for A / D conversion as the A / D converter 10a into a slot in a normal personal computer. In the second embodiment, the wing portions 40 and 42 have the same structure as in FIG.
Hinge 50, 51, 52, 53 may be provided at the position shown by the dotted line in (a) so that the tip portion can swing only from the horizontal direction to the upper side. By the hinges 50 to 53, the antenna unit 2
The tip portion where 4, 28 is present can be adapted to be folded over the body 38. As a result, the retracting operation can be immediately performed on the obstacle against the wings 40 and 42 or the oncoming train during the measurement on the track.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a track embankment nondestructive inspection apparatus as an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram thereof.

3A and 3B are explanatory views of measurement on a railroad track, FIG. 3A is a plan explanatory view, and FIG. 3B is a front explanatory view.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a specific frequency component removal process performed by an arithmetic processing unit of a computer.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of sampled reflection data, (a1) is reflection data when there is no influence of a PC sleeper or rail, (a2) is a frequency component after the FFT processing, and (b1) is a PC. Reflection data when the influence of the sleeper exists, (b2) shows the frequency component after the FFT processing.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram in the case where FFT processing and filter processing are executed on the sampled reflection data,
1) shows a state in which the data of (a2) is subjected to the inverse FFT processing, and (a1) shows a state immediately after the above FFT processing and filter processing are executed.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing a filter table for filter processing.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a state in which all pieces of data are arranged and printed after the reflection data is subjected to FFT processing, filter processing, and inverse FFT processing.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of conventional reflection data in which the influence of a PC sleeper is directly shown.

[Explanation of symbols]

2, 20 ... Orbital embankment non-destructive inspection device 4, 24, 26, 28 ... Antenna part 4a ... Transmitting antenna 4b ... Receiving antenna 6, 30 ... Control part 6a ... Pulse oscillator 6b ... Amplifier 6c ... Sampler 6d ... Processing timing generation Device 8, 32 ... Data recorder 10 ... Computer 10a ... A / D converter 10b ... Arithmetic processing unit 12
... Color printer 14 ... Target 34 ... Antenna cart 36, 44 ...
Orbital wheel 38 ... Antenna bogie main body 40, 42 ... Wing portion 4
6 ... Bogie for control unit

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Masakatsu Onan, Masakatsu Onan, 1-4-1, Mei Station, Nakamura-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi Tokai Passenger Railway Co., Ltd. Meieki 1-4-1 Tokai Passenger Railway Co., Ltd.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An orbital embankment portion which radiates radio waves into the orbital embankment, receives reflected waves from the orbital embankment to obtain reflection data, and nondestructively inspects the orbital embankment based on the reflection data. A non-destructive inspection device, which is a Fourier transform means for Fourier transforming reflection data from time domain data to frequency domain data, and a reflection frequency of a sleeper or rail among the reflection data converted to frequency domain data by the Fourier transform means. Filter means for removing components, and inverse Fourier transform means for performing an inverse Fourier transform of the reflection data from which the reflection frequency components of the sleepers or rails have been removed by the filter means from frequency domain data to time domain data. Characteristic non-destructive inspection device for embankment of track. 2. The non-destructive inspection apparatus for a track embankment according to claim 1, wherein the frequency removed by the filter means is 50 MHz and its vicinity. 3. The orbital embankment nondestructive inspection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the frequency removed by the filter means is 70 ± 10 MHz or less. 4. A track embankment provided to the non-destructive inspection apparatus for a track embankment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which has two wing parts projecting out of the track from both sides of the main body. A rail car for a non-destructive inspection device for a rail embankment, which is provided with an antenna unit for radiating radio waves therein and receiving a reflected wave from the inside of the rail embankment. 5. The main body also emits radio waves into the orbital embankment provided in the orbital embankment nondestructive inspection device according to claim 1, and receives reflected waves from the orbital embankment. A rail car for a non-destructive inspection device for a rail embankment according to claim 4, wherein an antenna section is attached.