JPH0868295A - Turning shield method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To facilitate the excavation of a tunnel with a steep curve by providing a trestle capable of turning and moving horizontally and vertically in an intermediate shaft, and changing a direction or a position of a shield excavator on the way to doing in the intermediate shaft to start excavation. CONSTITUTION: A shield excavator A on the way to doing from a starting shaft 11 is mounted on a holder in an intermediate shaft 13, and the trestle 1 is turned and moved horizontally and vertically to change a direction or a position of the shield excavator A. The shield excavator is released from the trestle 1, and it starts excavation toward an arriving shaft. By the constitution, a tunnel with a steep curve having a small radius of curvature can be easily excavated and, at the same time, a construction cost can be reduced.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shield construction method for excavating a tunnel with a shield machine. More specifically, the present invention relates to a direction change shield construction method in which a shield machine is changed in direction and re-extended in a predetermined direction.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A shield construction method or an open-cut construction method is a useful construction method for constructing a tunnel and is widely used. With the shield construction method, the shield machine is propelled in the ground, and the face at the tip of the shield machine excavates,
This is a method of discharging the excavated earth and sand from the shield machine and reinforcing the tunnel with the tail of the shield machine while supporting the surrounding ground with the shield.
On the other hand, the excavation method is a method in which the ground is dug down to a predetermined depth from the ground to form a tunnel and then backfilled. Compared to the excavation method, the shield method (i) enables tunnel construction even at a large depth. (Ii) Since tunnel construction is performed underground, there are few cases where ground traffic is disturbed and noise and vibration are given to the surroundings. (Iii) Tunnel construction is possible even under roads and buildings. Although it is used as a particularly effective construction method in urban areas, it has the drawback that it is difficult to construct a tunnel with a sharp curve. In recent years, the radius of curvature of tunnels in tunnel construction has become extremely small,
The number of cases of tunnel construction with a sharp curve is increasing. This is especially true in urban areas where 1) buildings and existing underground structures may be avoided, 2) private land should be avoided, and public roads should be used as much as possible 3) Even when using privately owned land,
This is because it is necessary to reduce the use area.

In order to carry out a tunnel construction having a sharp curve in the shield construction method, (a) a method of using a center folding type shield, (b) a method of connecting underground shield excavators to each other,
Although various construction methods have been developed, the radius of curvature of about 15 m for water and sewer tunnels and the radius of curvature of about 170 m for railway tunnels is the limit in the method (a), and it is not possible to carry out smaller curved tunnel construction. . Also,
In the method of (b), there is a problem that it is necessary to provide the same number of starting shafts as the shield machine, and further, it is sometimes necessary to provide a large-diameter intermediate shaft for taking out both shield machines after the underground connection. is there. Therefore, construction costs are high, and it is difficult to secure land in urban areas. Further, the curved shape is also limited by the positional relationship between the starting shaft and the intermediate shaft, and there is a drawback that the selection range of the curved shape is limited.

[0004]

The present invention was devised in order to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and it is possible to construct a tunnel with a steep curve having an arbitrary radius of curvature, which reduces the construction cost. It is an object of the present invention to provide a shield construction method that can be reduced.

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the shield construction method of the present invention is a pedestal in which a shield machine is installed in an intermediate shaft and can be horizontally moved, rotated, and vertically moved from the shaft. The shield excavator is turned over by pulling it up, placing it on the mount, fixing it, and then at least rotating, rotating or moving the mount vertically to change the direction of the shield machine, and then mount the shield machine. It is characterized by releasing from and re-digging.

In this construction method, the shield machine is rotated and horizontally moved by a steel ball provided on the gantry, and vertical movement is performed by alternating the gantry raising cylinder and the adjusting cylinder provided on the gantry. It is preferable that it is performed by expansion and contraction and stacking support of auxiliary columns. Further, it is preferable that the vertical movement in the above is performed by sequentially repeating the following steps <1> to <4>. <1> Extend the plunger of the lifting cylinder to create a space below the plunger of the adjustment cylinder, then <2> Insert an auxiliary column into this space, and use the adjustment cylinder to mount the mount on the auxiliary column. Then, <3> the lifting cylinder is contracted to create a space below the plunger of the lifting cylinder, and then <4> an auxiliary column is inserted into this space, and the lifting cylinder Support the pedestal on the auxiliary column.

[0007]

In the construction method of the present invention, as described above, the shield machine is pulled out from the shaft to the horizontally movable and rotatable and vertically movable frame installed in the intermediate shaft, and the shield machine is placed on the frame. Fix, then rotate the gantry,
At least one of horizontal movement and vertical movement is performed to change the direction of the shield machine, and then the shield machine is released from the gantry and re-excavated to construct a tunnel with a sharp curve with an arbitrary radius of curvature. In addition, the size of the intermediate shaft will be the size necessary for the shield machine to rotate, move horizontally, and move vertically.

[0008]

The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples. Of course, the present invention is not limited to the following examples. FIG. 1 shows a stand (1) for a shield machine used in this direction-changing shield construction method.
A frame (2) lower part of the frame (2) is provided with a frame lifting hydraulic cylinder (3), an adjusting hydraulic cylinder (4), and a steel ball (5).
A steel belt (6) for fixing the shield machine (A) and a guide (7) for mounting the shield machine are provided on the upper portion. Therefore, the shield machine (A) is placed and fixed on the mount (1) as shown in FIG.
It moves horizontally, rotates, and moves vertically.

Next, a case where the shield machine is reversed using the mount (1) will be described as an example. FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a shield work for reversing the shield machine (A) 180 ° in the intermediate shaft, and FIGS. 3 to 6 are plan views showing horizontal movement and rotation of the shield machine (A), FIG. -10 is
It is the same front view. 11 to 15 are front views in which the shield machine (A) is vertically moved.

As shown in FIG. 2, in this shield work, the shield machine (A) is started from the starting shaft (11), the tunnel (12) which is an excavation shaft is excavated, and the intermediate shaft (13) is opened. After reaching it, pulling out the shield machine (A) from the tunnel (12) into the intermediate shaft (13), mounting it on a pedestal and fixing it, then horizontally moving for a predetermined distance in the intermediate shaft (13), rotating 180 °, Vertically move a predetermined distance,
Re-start and excavate the tunnel (14). The shield machine (A) is not shown in FIG.

Next, horizontal movement and rotation in the intermediate shaft (13) will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 3 to 6 and 7 to 10. (A) The shield machine (A) reaches the intermediate shaft (13), pulls out from the tunnel (12), is moved on the guide (7) provided on the upper part of the gantry (1), and is moved to the steel belt (6). ) Is used to mount and fix the pedestal (1) at a predetermined position (FIGS. 3 and 7). At this time, in order to prevent damage to the base of the intermediate shaft due to the steel balls (5) of the gantry (1) and to facilitate the movement and rotation of the shield machine (A), on the floor surface of the intermediate shaft (13). It is preferable to lay a floor plate such as an iron plate.

(B) A steel block (5) is rolled by using an appropriate means such as a chain block or a hydraulic cylinder for applying a reaction force to the pedestal (1) so that the pedestal (1) can be rolled.
Is horizontally moved on the floor plate to a predetermined position in the intermediate shaft (13) (FIGS. 4 and 8). (C) The gantry (1) is horizontally rotated 180 ° by the same means as described in (b) above (FIGS. 5, 9 and 6, 10).

Next, according to FIGS. 11 to 15, the intermediate shaft (1
The vertical movement within 3) will be described in detail. (D) The plunger of the lifting hydraulic cylinder (3) is extended by a predetermined amount while finely adjusting the horizontal state of the gantry (1) within a predetermined range, and a predetermined amount is provided below the plunger of the adjustment hydraulic cylinder (4). Create a space for inserting the length of the auxiliary column (8). At this time, adjusting hydraulic cylinder (4)
The plunger is retracted (Fig. 11). In addition, in order to finely adjust the horizontal state of the gantry (1) within a predetermined range,
A hydraulic control device is provided (not shown) for constantly detecting the extended state of the plunger of the lifting hydraulic cylinder (3) and preventing the gantry (1) from tilting at a predetermined angle or more.

(E) In the state of (d) above, the auxiliary column (8) is inserted into the space formed below the plunger of the adjusting hydraulic cylinder (4), and the stand is mounted by the adjusting hydraulic cylinder (4). The horizontal state of (1) is finely adjusted to prevent the shield machine (A) from tilting, and the mount (1) is supported on the auxiliary column (8) by the adjusting hydraulic cylinder (4) (FIG. 12). In addition, the fine adjustment of the horizontal state by the adjusting hydraulic cylinder (4) detects the extended state of the plunger of the adjusting hydraulic cylinder (4) at all times so that the gantry (1) does not tilt more than a predetermined angle. A hydraulic control device is provided (not shown).

(F) The plunger of the lifting hydraulic cylinder (3) is contracted to create a space below the plunger of the lifting hydraulic cylinder (3) for inserting the auxiliary column (8) (FIG. 13). (G) The auxiliary column (8) is inserted into the space created below the plunger of the lifting hydraulic cylinder (3), the plunger of the lifting hydraulic cylinder (3) is extended, and the lifting hydraulic cylinder (3 ), The pedestal (1) is supported on the auxiliary column (8) (FIG. 14).

(H) The plunger of the ascending hydraulic cylinder is extended by a predetermined amount, and another auxiliary strut (8) is provided between the plunger of the adjusting hydraulic cylinder (4) and the auxiliary strut (8) therebelow. Create a space to insert. (Fig. 1
5) Of the above processes, (h) returns to the same process as (d), so by repeating the following processes (d) to (g), the shield machine (A) and the pedestal (1) are predetermined. Move vertically to the position. The auxiliary columns (8) can be connected by an appropriate means (not shown) so as not to shift from each other when stacked.

When the gantry (1) is vertically moved by a predetermined amount and reaches a predetermined re-start position, the fixed state of the shield machine (A) by the steel belt (6) is released. Next, the shield excavator (A) is moved from the gantry (1) to the restarting hole using the reaction force receiver (not shown) for restarting provided in the intermediate shaft (13) to prepare for restarting. I do. As in the above embodiment, the gantry (1) is horizontally moved, then rotated, and then vertically moved, instead of being vertically moved, then vertically moved, then horizontally moved, then rotated, etc. The order of horizontal movement, rotation, and vertical movement of can be arbitrarily selected.

FIGS. 16-18 show another embodiment of the method for changing the direction of the shield, which is rotating 90 ° and re-starting the vehicle without horizontal movement. In this case, the gantry (1) may be moved vertically. Other, horizontal movement,
Of course, only rotation can be performed.

[0019]

Since the present invention is configured as described in detail above, it has the following effects. From the digging shaft, pull out the shield machine on the gantry installed in the intermediate shaft that allows horizontal movement, rotation and vertical movement, and place and fix it on the gantry, and then rotate, horizontally move and vertically move the gantry. Among the movements, at least rotating to change the direction of the shield machine, and then releasing the shield machine from the gantry and re-extending it, including the following radius of curvature that has been said to be the limit A tunnel with a sharp curve with a radius of curvature can be constructed, and the propulsion distance of the shield machine can be shortened.
In addition, the size of the intermediate shaft is only required to rotate, horizontally move, and vertically move the shield machine, and it is not necessary to install a large-diameter intermediate shaft as in the past, thus shortening the construction period. It is possible to reduce the construction cost.

Therefore, in an urban area or the like, when a building, an existing structure, or the like becomes an obstacle, the private area needs to be avoided, or the use area of the private area needs to be reduced, etc. It is possible to construct a tunnel with a sharp curve, and the construction can be done smoothly without being bothered by the relationship of rights.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a shield excavator used in the present invention for horizontal movement,
It is a partial front view of a gantry that can be rotated and vertically moved.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a shield work for making a 180 ° inversion tunnel according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a state of being pulled out from the tunnel and placed / fixed on a pedestal.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a horizontally moved state.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a rotated state.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the end of inversion.

FIG. 7 is a front view showing a state of being pulled out from a tunnel and placed and fixed on a gantry.

FIG. 8 is a front view showing a horizontally moved state.

FIG. 9 is a front view showing a rotating state.

FIG. 10 is a front view showing the end of inversion.

FIG. 11 is a partial front view showing a state in which the lifting hydraulic cylinder is extended to raise the mount by a predetermined amount.

FIG. 12 is a partial front view showing a state in which an auxiliary column is inserted below the adjusting hydraulic cylinder.

FIG. 13 is a partial front view showing a state in which a gantry is supported by auxiliary columns inserted below an adjusting hydraulic cylinder.

FIG. 14 is a partial front view showing a state in which an auxiliary column is inserted below a lifting hydraulic cylinder.

FIG. 15 is a partial front view showing a state in which the plunger of the lifting hydraulic cylinder is extended.

FIG. 16 is a plan view showing a state in which the gantry is pulled out to an intermediate shaft for rotating the gantry by 90 ° and is placed and fixed on the gantry.

FIG. 17 is a plan view showing a state in which the gantry is rotated following FIG. 16;

FIG. 18 is a plan view showing a state where the gantry is rotated by 90 °.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A Shield machine 1 Stand 3 Hydraulic cylinder for lifting 4 Hydraulic cylinder for adjustment 5 Steel ball 6 Steel belt 7 Guide 8 Auxiliary column 11 Starting shaft 12 Tunnel 13 Middle shaft 14 Tunnel

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A shield excavator is pulled out from a digging shaft onto a gantry installed in an intermediate shaft, which is capable of horizontal movement, rotation and vertical movement, and is placed and fixed on the gantry.
Then, at least one of rotation, horizontal movement, and vertical movement of the gantry is rotated to change the direction of the shield machine, and then the shield machine is released from the gantry and re-exited. Shield construction method. 2. The shield excavator is rotated and horizontally moved by a steel ball provided on the gantry, and is vertically moved by alternately extending and retracting the gantry ascending cylinder and the adjusting cylinder provided on the gantry and auxiliary columns. 2. The direction change shield construction method according to claim 1, wherein the direction change shield construction method is carried out by stacking and supporting. 3. The vertical movement according to claim 2, wherein
> The direction change shield construction method performed by sequentially repeating the steps of <4>. <1> Extend the plunger of the lifting cylinder to create a space below the plunger of the adjustment cylinder, then <2> Insert an auxiliary column into this space, and use the adjustment cylinder to mount the mount on the auxiliary column. Then, <3> the lifting cylinder is contracted to create a space below the plunger of the lifting cylinder, and then <4> an auxiliary column is inserted into this space, and the lifting cylinder Support the pedestal on the auxiliary column.