JPH0868949A - Upright reflection telescope - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] To provide a telescope for ground observation, which can obtain an upright observation image with high magnification and a high magnification by using a large-diameter lens barrel, and which can be manufactured at low cost. [Structure] Incident light P ₁ Q ₁ from the opening 5 of the lens barrel 1 is collected by a concave mirror 4 and converted into light P ₂ Q ₂ which is reflected in the opposite direction on the same axis as the incident light by the concave mirror 4, and P ₂ Q ₂ is converted by the oblique mirror 7 into light P ₃ Q ₃ in the direction directly below the incident light, and P ₃ Q ₃
Q ₃ is reflected by the small plane mirror 9 in the direction parallel to the incident light P ₄ Q ₄
And P ₄ Q ₄ is converted into light in the outward direction of the lens barrel 1 by the small plane mirror 10, and the light is made incident on the eyepiece 3 to obtain a magnified image.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a telescope for observing an image by converting the angle of incident light.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional telescopes are classified into two types, "refractive" and "reflective". The "refractive type" uses an objective lens, and the "reflective type" collects light using a concave mirror and then makes a magnified image with the lens for observation.

This "refractive type" type uses two convex lenses called a Kepler type, that is, an objective lens and an eyepiece lens, and is widely used in astronomical telescopes. The observation image in this case is an inverted image, but since it is used for astronomical observation, there is no particular problem even if it is an inverted image. On the other hand, the "reflective" type is also an inverted image, but it is widely used in astronomical telescopes because it has a wide field of view and high magnification.

Recently, a telescope has been widely used for observing outdoors, observing birds, etc. on the ground in addition to astronomical observation. However, in the case of observing on the ground, the observation image must be an upright image, so it is upside down. The image “refractive” astronomical telescope cannot be used as is. Therefore, it is used as a terrestrial telescope after adding an erect image by adding two right-angle prisms used in binoculars in front of the eyepiece at the rear of the astronomical telescope.

Further, instead of directly inserting a prism in front of the eyepiece lens, an erecting image unit constituted by two right-angle prisms is attached to the portion where the eyepiece lens is removed, and the eyepiece lens is attached to this unit. A method of observing an image is also known.

However, in order to obtain an erect image as an observation image, among the types of refracting telescopes, a system in which a convex lens objective lens called a Galilean system is combined with a concave lens eyepiece, or the Kepler system is used. There is also a system that adds another convex lens, but in both cases the field of view is narrow and it is not possible to increase the magnification, or the lens barrel is too long, the field of view is dark, the eyepiece cannot be replaced, etc. It is difficult to use because of its difficulty.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, an ordinary reflecting telescope has a concave mirror 24 attached to the rear end of the lens barrel 21 (on the right side in the plane of the drawing) and the front end of the barrel 21 (on the left side in the plane of the drawing). Incident light from the opening 25 is collected by the concave mirror 24 and reflected in the opposite direction on the same axis as the incident direction.
The light is guided to the outside from the lens barrel 21 by being reflected by the oblique mirror 27 supported by and converted into the light in the right direction, that is, toward the outside of the lens barrel 21. The reflected light guided outward from the lens barrel 21 is configured to observe a magnified image of the object as an inverted image through an eyepiece lens 23 attached to an eyepiece lens holder 22 at that portion.

When using this telescope, a tripod 28
The lens barrel 1 is fixed by the lens barrel band 29 provided on the tripod 28, the lens barrel 21 is stabilized, and the object is viewed in advance with the finder 30 provided on the lens barrel 21. After the insertion, the magnified image is observed with the eyepiece lens 23.

[0009]

As described above, in the case of the refracting telescope, the field of view is narrow and the magnification cannot be increased. In addition, the lens barrel 21 is too long, the field of view is dark, and the eyepiece lens 2 is used.
There is a problem that 3 can not be exchanged. On the other hand, in the case of the reflection telescope, it was used as an inverted image because it was conventionally used only as an astronomical telescope, but let's use this for ground observation However, there is a problem that it cannot be used unless it is an erect image. However, even if an existing erecting image unit is used in combination with a conventional telescope, since the optical path of the erecting image unit is long, it can be used as a telescope that obtains an erecting image by matching the focal length of a reflecting telescope. Was difficult.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and uses a large-aperture lens barrel to provide a bright, high-magnification, and inexpensive upright observation image for a ground observation telescope. For the purpose of provision.

[0011]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention collects incident light from a lens barrel opening with a concave mirror,
The light was converted by a slanting mirror to a direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the incident light, that is, a direction outward from the lens barrel, and the image was observed from the side of the lens barrel through an eyepiece. In the reflecting telescope, two reflecting mirrors are provided in the optical path between the oblique mirror and the eyepiece in order to make an observation image an erect image.
Alternatively, one prism having two reflecting surfaces is provided.

[0012]

According to the present invention, two reflecting mirrors or one having two reflecting surfaces is provided in the optical path between the oblique mirror and the eyepiece of the large-aperture telescope conventionally used for astronomical observation. Since the prism is provided, the image of the object can be inverted by this reflecting mirror, and finally the inverted image can be converted into the erect image by the eyepiece lens for observation.

In the above description, the two plane mirrors used in the present invention are obtained by vapor-depositing a metal such as "aluminum or tin" on the glass surface. Since the plane mirrors reflect incident light on the surface, the light at the time of reflection is reflected. The loss can be almost eliminated and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Further, since these plane mirrors can be installed at positions outside the inner surface of the lens barrel, the amount of incident light from the opening is not reduced. Since only the oblique mirror provided at the center of the lens barrel and the supporting column supporting the same are used to block the amount of incident light, a sufficient amount of light can be taken in and a bright field of view can be secured.

Further, since the optical path after the oblique mirror passes between the two plane mirrors, the optical path becomes longer accordingly. Therefore, since the increase of the optical path length is useful for increasing the magnification of the image, the lens barrel can be shortened by the length of the optical path. As a result, it is possible to provide a telescope which is short in the conventional long telescope and which is easy to carry.

[0015]

Embodiment 1 An embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 6 show Embodiment 1 of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a front view of a telescope of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 4 is C- in FIG.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the arrow C, FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of a reflected light path, and FIG. 6 is a view illustrating inversion of an image.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the lens barrel 1 has a cylindrical shape, and a lens barrel opening 5 for allowing light to enter is formed at the left end of the drawing, and the incident light is collected and reflected at the right end. A concave mirror 4 is provided, and a pillar 6 is provided inside the lens barrel 1 near the opening 5.
A slanting mirror 7 is provided which is supported by and which converts the reflected light from the concave mirror 4 vertically downward.

Below the lens barrel 1, a plane mirror holder 8 is provided.
Is fixed via a small screw 8a, receives the reflected light from the oblique mirror 7 and converts it into light parallel to the axial direction of the lens barrel 1, and receives the reflected light from the small plane mirror 9. A small plane mirror 10 for converting the lens barrel 1 in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the lens barrel 1, that is, in the outward direction of the lens barrel 1 is attached inside the plane mirror holder 8.

An eyepiece lens holder 2 is provided at the lateral end of the plane mirror holder 8, and an eyepiece lens 3 is attached to the eyepiece lens holder 2 so that the focus can be adjusted with a dial 5a. The light from the plane mirror 10 is introduced into the eyepiece lens 3 so that an enlarged erect image can be observed.

Next, the optical path of the telescope having this configuration and the process of changing the direction of the inverted image to the erected image will be described with reference to FIGS.
Will be described. First, regarding the optical path, among the incident light from the opening 5, the light P _1, Q ₁ at both ends of the inner diameter of the opening 5 is shown as a representative, and the subsequent path of this P _1, Q ₁ will be described. The incident light P _1, Q ₁ reaches the concave mirror 4 as parallel light rays, reflects P _1, Q ₁ at the concave mirror 4, and reflects the reflected light P _2, Q ₂ on the optical axis in the incident direction in the oblique mirror 7. Leading to. In the oblique mirror 7, P _2, Q ₂ is converted by 90 ° in the direction directly below to be reflected light P _3, Q ₃ and reaches the obliquely fixed small plane mirror 9.

The reflected light P _3, Q ₃ is converted by 90 ° by the small plane mirror 9, and the reflected light P _4, Q in a direction parallel to the axis of the lens barrel 1.
_The small plane mirror 10 is reached as ₄ . At this point, the light image is inverted upside down and is guided next in a form completely opposite to the image when it enters through the opening 5. The small plane mirror 10 is fixed at a position slightly separated from the small plane mirror 9, and in the small plane mirror 10, P _{4 and} Q ₄ are further converted by 90 ° to the outside (the direction perpendicular to the paper surface). Bring out the light. This light is made incident on an eyepiece lens 3 attached to that portion, further vertically and horizontally inverted by the eyepiece lens 3, and enlarged so that it can be observed as an erect image.

The conversion of the inverted image into the erected image will be specifically described below. When the object is shown in the horizontal direction of the drawing, the incident lights P _{1 and} Q ₁ are inverted by the concave mirror 4. Without being reflected, the reflected light P from the concave mirror 4
_{Since 2,} Q ₂ is converted by the oblique mirror 7 by 90 ° and further converted by 90 ° by the first small plane mirror 9, at this time, P _1, Q ₁ is from outside to inside, or Different from the outside, P _{2 and} Q ₂ change from the inside to the outside and then to the inside,
The horizontal image when exiting from the first small plane mirror 9 is upside down from the direction in which it first enters. This is a result of reflection from a plane mirror that is vertically angled.

Similarly, as shown in FIG. 6, the direction change of the image will be described with reference to a view of the relationship between the first small plane mirror 9, the second small plane mirror 10 and the eyepiece as seen from above. In the front direction, that is, when P ₄ is the head and Q ₄ is the foot and P ₄ is the arrow A facing the front,
Since there is no reflecting mirror angled in the horizontal direction up to the small plane mirror 9, the direction of the arrow A is reflected without change, but the direction of the arrow A is changed by the second small plane mirror 10 by 90 °. The head P ₄ is facing P _{5 to} the right, and the foot is facing Q _{5 to the} left.
It can be seen that the observation target A is inverted.

As described above, by using the two small plane mirrors 9 and 10, the optical image before entering the eyepiece 3 is an inverted image in which the upper, lower, left and right sides are the reverse of the image of the observation object. The image is further inverted vertically and horizontally by the action of the eyepiece lens 3, and the image observed through the eyepiece lens 3 becomes an erect image.

According to this embodiment, the oblique mirror 7 and the eyepiece 3
By providing the two reflecting mirrors 9 and 10 in the optical path between and, it is possible to observe as an erect image through the eyepiece lens 3. In addition, the length of the optical path from the oblique mirror 7 to the eyepiece lens 3 serves to increase the magnifying power, and since the lens barrel having a large diameter is used, the observation image is bright and the manufacturing cost is low. it can.

[0025]

Second Embodiment FIG. 7 shows a prism having two reflecting surfaces, which shows a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, instead of providing two reflecting mirrors in the optical path between the oblique mirror and the eyepiece lens in the first embodiment, only one prism having two reflecting surfaces is provided. Since other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, the description thereof will be omitted.

The prism 11 used in this embodiment has a square cross section as a rectangular block, and if the incident surface is a, the first reflecting surface 12 having an angle of 45 ° with respect to the a surface is provided to make the incident light. The second reflecting surface 13 is formed at an angle of 45 ° with the adjacent surface B that intersects the surface B at an angle of 90 ° and is adjacent.

Although the prism 11 is higher than the case of the small plane mirror in terms of manufacturing cost, it has an advantage that it can be easily assembled and the assembling accuracy can be improved. Further, the operation and effect when this is provided in the plane mirror holder 8 to change the direction of the observation image is similar to that of the first embodiment, and therefore its explanation is omitted.

[0028]

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an inexpensive telescope capable of observing an erect image that is bright and has a high magnifying power by using a large-diameter lens barrel.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a telescope showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a reflected light path.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating image inversion.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a prism provided in a telescope according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a front view of a conventional telescope.

FIG. 9 is a side view of FIG.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a conventional telescope.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 lens barrel 2 eyepiece lens holder 3 eyepiece lens 4 concave mirror 5 lens barrel opening 6 pillar 7 oblique mirror 8 plane mirror holder 9,10 small plane mirror 11 prism 12,13 reflection surface A observation target

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. The incident light from the lens barrel opening is collected by a concave mirror, and the light is obliquely reflected by the oblique mirror in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the incident light.
That is, in the reflecting telescope configured to be able to observe the image from the side of the lens barrel through the eyepiece by converting the direction from the lens barrel to the outside, in order to observe the observation image as an erect image, 2 in the optical path between the oblique mirror and the eyepiece
An upright reflection telescope, which is equipped with a single reflector. 2. The incident light from the lens barrel opening is collected by a concave mirror, and the light is obliquely reflected by the oblique mirror in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the incident light.
That is, in the reflecting telescope configured to be able to observe the image from the side of the lens barrel through the eyepiece by converting the direction from the lens barrel to the outside, in order to observe the observation image as an erect image, 2 in the optical path between the oblique mirror and the eyepiece
An upright reflection telescope, which is provided with one prism having two reflecting surfaces.